RESULTANT OF FORCE SYSTEMS

FORCE
A force is an external agent acting on another body. This force may moves or tends to
move the body in the direction of its action. The force is a vector quantity since it is
represented by its magnitude and direction. The force may be of pulling or pushing
type.
Classification of force systems

Principle of Transmissibility
The principle of transmissibility of force applicable only to rigid bodies states that any force
acting at a point can be replaced by the same magnitude of force at some other point on the
same line of action in the same direction. This
action of shifting the force from one point to the other does not change the condition of motion
of the body.
Consider a force F acting at a point A on the line of action displayed in the dashed line as shown
in figure. This force can be replaced by the same magnitude of force Fe at some other point on
the same line of action as shown. This change in the position of the force does not alter the
effect of the force acting at the point A.
Composition and Resolution of Forces
Composition of Forces is a method of combining many forces with different magnitudes and
directions acting on a single plane or different planes or at a single point. In this method, all
the forces acting on a point or on a plane or on different planes are combined together to form
a single force called a Resultant or Resultant Force.
Resolution of Forces is a method of resolving a single force into two components. These
two components may be along x-direction and y-direction or parallel and perpendicular to
some specific reference axis. If the two components are combined we obtain the resultant
force.

Resultant Force
Resultant Force is a single force obtained by combining many forces acting on the body into
a single force that gives the same effect as that of the system of coplanar forces. If the
resultant of all the forces acting on the body is found to be zero the body then the body said to
be in equilibrium.
Determination of Resultant Force of System of Concurrent Coplanar Forces
If many forces are acting on a single plane of a body at a single point such system of forces is
called ConcurrentCoplanar Forces. The resultant force of such system of forces can be
determined by any of the following methods:
● Parallelogram Law of Forces
● Triangular Law of Forces
● Polygon Law of Forces
Rectangular Components of A Force
If a force is acting in with certain inclination to x and y axes as shown in figure, then this force
can be resolved into two components namely a component along the x-direction (x-
component) and a component along the y-direction (y-component).

Fx = F cos θ Fy = F sin θ
RESULTANT OF FORCE SYSTEMS
Numerical 1
Find out the direction and magnitude of the resultant force for the four forces acting on the
body as shown in the figure below:

Inclination of the force having magnitude 2 kN with ox’ will be tan -1 (1 / 2) = 26.56°

Similarly the inclination of the force having magnitude 5 kN with the oy’ will be tan -1 (5 / 12) =
22.62°
Now resolving all the forces in the horizontal and vertical direction , we will obtain
∑ Fx = 1.8806 kN ∑ F y= -2.6068 kN

Now the magnitude of the resultant will be calculated as follows

R = square root ((∑ Fx )2 + (∑ Fy)2 R = 3.214 kN
And let the inclination of the resultant with the horizontal is θ and it will be calculated as
below:
tan θ = ∑ Fy / ∑ Fx
θ = 54.19°
Hence the resultant of the four forces acting on the body is 3.214 kN and inclined at an angle
of 54.19 with the horizontal (in the fourth quadrant ).
Numerical 2
Calculate the resultant of the forces 3 , √5 , 4 , √5 and 3 N which act at an angular point
of a rectangular hexagon towards the other angular points taken in order

Let ABCDEF be the regular hexagon with A as the angular point on which the forces are
acting. The force are
3 N along AB
√5 along AC
4 N along AD
√5 along AE
3 N along AF
We know that the sum of the interior angles of a regular polygon = (2n – 4) right angles
Where n is the number of edges in the regular polygon.
Therefore , for a hexagon we have n = 6 and hence the sum of the interior angles = (2 * 6 – 4)
* 90 = 720⁰
Value of each of the interior angle is 720⁰/6 = 120⁰
Since the included angle of the regular hexagon is 120⁰, the angular position of these forces
will be indicated as in the figure above shown.
Now resolving all the forces along AX that is, horizontally
∑ Fx = 3 + √5 * cos 30° + 4 * cos 60° + √5 * cos 90° + 3 * cos 120°
= 3 + √5 * 0.866 + 4 * 0.5 + √5 * 0 + 3 * (- 0.5)
= 3 + 1.936 + 2 + 0 + (- 1.5)
= 6.936 – 1.5
= 5.436 N
Now let us resolve all the forces along AY that is, vertically
∑Fy = √5 * sin 30° + 4 * sin 60° + √5 * sin 90° + 3 * sin 120°
= √5 * 0.5 + 4 * 0.866 + √5 * 1 + 3 * 0.866
=1.118 + 3.464 +2.236 + 2.598
= 4.574 + 4.834
= 9.408 N
The magnitude of the resultant will be calculated as follows
R = square root ((∑ Fx )2 + (∑ Fy )2)
R = square root ((5.436)2 + (9.408 )2)
R = square root ((29.55 ) + (88.51))
R = square root (118.06)
R = 10.86 N
The calculation of the inclination of the resultant with the horizontal will be done as follows
tan θ = ∑ Fy / ∑ Fx
tan θ = 9.408 / 5.436
tan θ = 1.73
θ = tan-1 (1.73)
θ = 59.97⁰
Hence the magnitude of the resultant is 10.86 N and it is inclined at an angle 59.97⁰ with the
horizontal.
Numerical 3
A particle is at point O and three forces are acting on the particle as shown in the figure
below. Find out the value of the force P such that the resultant of these forces is horizontal.
Find out the direction and the magnitude of the fourth force which is acting at point O in
addition to the three forces which will keep the particle in the equilibrium

First of all calculate the angle which the force P makes with the 0 axis.
that is, (15⁰ + 45⁰) = 60⁰
Now resolving all of the forces along the y – direction
∑ Fy = -40 * sin 30⁰ + 30 * sin 15⁰ + P * sin 60⁰
The negative sign for the force 40 kn depicts that the force is acting towards the particle.
As the resultant of the force in along horizontal is zero therefore
0 = - 40 * 0.5 + 30 * 0.2588 + P * 0.866
0 = - 20 + 7.764 + 0.866 * P
0 = - 12.236 + 0.866 * P
0.866 * P = 12.236
P = 12.236 / 0.866
P = 14.129 N
Now resolving all of the forces in the x – direction
∑ Fx = 40 * cos 30° + 30 * cos 15° + 14.129 * cos 60°
= 34.64 + 28.97 + 7.0615
= 70.6715 N
Hence the equilibrant will be having magnitude of 70.6715 N as shown in the figure
Numerical 4

Three forces A=19 kN, B=18 kN and C=33 kN. What is the angle of the equilibrant
Force?

Get X components
Ax = 19*cos(110) = -6.4984 kN
Bx = 18*cos(73) = 5.26269 kN
Cx = 33*cos(343) = 31.5581 kN
Get Y components
Ay = 19*sin(110) = 17.8542 kN
By = 18*sin(73) = 17.2135 kN
Cy = 33*sin(343) = -9.6483 kN
Add components
ΣFx = -6.4984+5.26269+31.5581 = 30.32239 kN
ΣFy = 17.8542+17.2135+-9.6483 = 25.4194 kN
Magnitude of Resultant (Pythagoras)
R = (30.32239^2 + 25.4194^2)^0.5 = 39.56758 kN
Angle of Resultant
Angle = atan(25.4194/30.32239) = 39.97326
Angle of Equilibrant!
39.97326 + 180 = 219.97326
Numerical 5

FIND RESULTANT

Numerical 6

P is directed at an angle α from x-axis and the 200 N

force is acting at a slope of 5 vertical to 12 horizontal.

a. Find P and α if the resultant is 500 N to the right

along the x-axis.
b. Find P and α if the resultant is 500 N upward to
the right with a slope of 3 horizontal to 4 vertical.
c. Find P and α if the resultant is zero.
Solution 014

Part a: The resultant is 500N to the right along the x-axis

By Cosine law of the shaded
triangle

answer
By Sine law

answer

Part b: The resultant is 500 N upward to the right with a slope of 3 horizontal to 4 vertical
 answer

answer

Part c: The resultant is zero

The resultant is zero if P and the 200 N force are equal
in magnitude, oppositely directed, and collinear.

Thus, P = 200 N at α = 157.38° answer

Numerical 7

Forces F, P, and T are concurrent and acting in the direction as shown in Fig. P-015.

a. Find the value of F and α if T = 450 N, P = 250 N, β = 30°, and the resultant is
300 N acting up along the y-axis.
b. Find the value of F and α if T = 450 N, P = 250 N, β = 30° and the resultant is
zero.
c. Find the value of α and β if T = 450 N, P = 250 N, F = 350 N, and the resultant is
zero.
Solution 015

Part a: Unknown force and direction with non-zero resultant

and

answer
 answer

Part b: Unknown force and direction with zero resultant

and

answer

answer

Part c: Unknown direction of two forces with zero resultant

and

→ Equation (1)
 → Equation (2)

Equation (1) + Equation (2)

answer

From Equation (1)

answer

Assignment No.1 Resultant of System of Coplanar Forces

Numerical 1
FIND RESULTANT

Numerical 2
Calculate the resultant of the forces 3 , √5 , 4 , √5 and 3 N which act at an angular point of a rectangular hexagon
towards the other angular points taken in order

3 Two concurrent forces P and Q act at O such that their resultant acts along x-
axis. Determine the magnitude of Q and hence the resultant.

4 The three forces acting at a point are shown in fig. The direction of the 300N forces may vary, but the angle between
them is always 40°. Determine the value of Ѳ for which the resultant of three forces is directed parallel to b-b.
5 Two forces acting on a body are 500N & 1000N as shown in fig. Determine the third force ‘F’ such that the resultant of
all three forces is 1000N directed at 45° to X-axis.

6) Determine the resultant of the system of forces shown below. Side of each small square is 1m. Also find ‘x’
and ‘y’ intercepts. The overall size of the body is (4mx4m)
7) Determine the resultant of the non-concurrent non-parallel system of forces.
F is in Newtons and the co-ordinates are in meters

F 20 N 30N 50N 10N

θx 450 1200 1800 2700
Point of (1, 3) (4, -5) (-5, 2) (-2, -5)
applicatio
n

8) Find the resultant of the force system acting on a body OABC, shown in figure. Also find the
points where the resultant will cut the x and y axes. What is the distance of resultant from
point ‘O’ ?

9) Replace four like parallel forces A,B,C,D of magnitudes 5N,10N,15N,20N respectively with 2m
distance between each other by i) a force –couple system at the point of application of first force
A. ii) a single resultant with respect to the first force A
Completely determine the resultant with respect to point O of the force system
shown in Fig. P-264.

Rx=479.79 N to the rightRx=479.79 N to the right

Ry=257.83 N upwardRy=257.83 N upward
R=544.68 NR=544.68 N θx=28.25∘θx=28.25∘

MO=ΣFdMO=ΣFd
MO=−141.4(12√)(3)−(300sin60∘)(4)−(300cos60∘)(4)−260(1213)(1)+260(513)(4)MO=−
141.4(12)(3)−(300sin⁡60∘)(4)−(300cos⁡60∘)(4)−260(1213)(1)+260(513)(4)
MO=−1779.18 N⋅mMO=−1779.18 N⋅m
MO=1779.18 N⋅m clockwiseMO=1779.18 N⋅m clockwise

Rxb=MORxb=MO
479.79b=1779.18479.79b=1779.18
b=3.71 m above point Ob=3.71 m above point O

Rya=MORya=MO
257.83a=1779.18257.83a=1779.18
a=6.9 m to the left of point Oa=6.9 m to the left of point O

Thus, R = 544.68 N upward to the right at θx = 28.25°. The intercepts of R are (-6.9, 0) and (0, 3.71).
The resultant of four forces, of which three are shown in Fig. is a couple of
480 N-M clockwise in sense. If each square is 1 M on a side, determine the fourth
force completely.

Let F4 = the fourth force and for couple resultant, R is zero.

Rx=0

110+150(35)+F4x=0110+150(35)+F4x=0
F4x= −200 N F4x= 200 N to the left

Ry=0
150(45)−120+F4y=0150(45)−120+F4y=0 F4y=0

Thus, F4=200 lb to the left

Assuming F4 is above point O and Anti clockwise rotation to be positive

MO=CMO=C
−110(4) −120(2) + F4d=− 480 , 110(4)+120(2)−200d=480

d=1 Mts
answer
d is positive, thus, the assumption is correct that F4 is above point O.
Therefore, the fourth force is 200 N acting horizontally to the left at 1 M
above point O.
 10. If the magnitude of the resultant force acting on the bracket is to be (450 N)
directed along the positive (u axis), determine the magnitude of (F1) and its direction
(ϕ.)?

y
F1
u

o
30
x
F2 = 200 N

12 13

5
F3 = 260 N

11. Find the resultant of the force system on a body OABC as shown in figure. Also find the points
where the resultant will cut the X and Y axis .

12 Determine i) magnitude, direction and position of resultant force for the given parallel force system. ii)Also
replace the given system by a force couple at A iii) Force couple at D.
 Equilibrium and Its Equations
The equilibrium state may be defined as the condition in which the resultant of all the forces acting on a body is zero, i.e.,
all the forces and moments applied to the body are in balance. The free body diagram which represents a system of
forces and couples acting on the body, can be replaced by a single force and a single moment. Now, the equilibrium can
exist only if both the resultant force and the resultant couple vanish. That is:
The following conditions must be satisfied for the body to be in equilibrium:
● The algebraic summation of all the forces acting on the body is zero.
● The algebraic summation of moments caused by all the forces acting on the body is zero.

What is Free Body Diagram?

The free body diagram is a simple diagrammatic representation of an isolated body or combination of bodies (treated as a single
body from the surrounding. The forces may be either internal or external to the body under consideration. All the forces (including
the supports are removed and replaced by reactions which they exert on the body. The condition of equilibrium of the body is attai
forces together represent a system of forces in equilibrium.
Introduction to Lami’s Theorem

If two or more than two forces are acting on a single point then the forces are known as system
of concurrent forces and if they are acting on a single plane then the forces are called as
coplanar forces. The system of forces may be collinear or non-collinear, coplanar or non-
coplanar and concurrent or non-concurrent. If three forces are acting on a single point and one
of the force is known in magnitude with all the included angles then the magnitude of the
remaining three forces can be determined easily.

Lami’s Theorem
If three coplanar forces simultaneously acting at a point are in equilibrium then each force is
proportional to the sine angle of the other two forces. Consider the forces A, B and C as shown
in figure. Mathematically the Lami’s theorem is written as
1 A light fixture weighing 12 N is hung by a string as shown in figure. Determine the
tensions in AC and BC of the string.
Applying Lami’s theorem, we get

TAC = 8.49 N T AC = 12 N answer

2 A load of 40N is hung by a string through two frictionless pulleys as shown in figure.
Determine the tensions T 1 and T2 in the string.
 T1 = 33.54 N T 2 = 17.86 N answer

3 A string ABCDE whose one end A is fixed to the wall and the other end E is loaded
with a weight of 300N. The string passes through a frictionless pulley and other two
weights are hung at B and C as shown in figure. Determine the tension in the string and
the magnitude of weights W1 and W2.

Applying Lami’s theorem, we get

TBC = 150 N W2 = 259.81 N answer

TAB = 173.21 N W2 = 86.60 N answer

4 A smooth sphere of diameter 20 cm weighing 20 N is supported by a string

fixed to the wall. The length of the string is three times the radius of the sphere.
Determine the reaction at the wall and the tension in the string
 Applying Lami’s theorem, we get

T = 21.21 N R = 7.07 N answer

4. A man raises a 40 kg joist of length 4m by pulling on a rope. Find the tension in the rope & the reaction at A

5 Figure shows a sphere resting in a smooth V shaped groove and subjected to a

spring force. The spring is compressed to a length of 100 mm from its free length of 150
mm. if the stiffness of spring is 2N/mm, determine the contact reactions at A and B.

Deflection of the spring = 150 – 100 = 50 mm

Let Fs be the force transmitted by spring. Then,
Fs = k.δ
where k = stiffness of spring material,
⇒ Fs = 2 × 50 = 100 N
Total load = 40 + 100 = 140 N

From free body diagram of the sphere, using Lami’s theorem

RA/sin(120o) = RB/sin(150o) = 140/sin90o

⇒ RA = 140.sin (120o) = 121.24 N RB = 140.sin (150o) = 70 N

6 A right circular roller of weight 5000 N rests on a smooth inclined plane and is
held in position by a cord AC as shown in figure. Find the tension in the cord if
there is a horizontal force of magnitude 1000 N acting at C

For equilibrium, we have

Σ Fx = 0 …(1)
Σ Fy = 0 …(2)

From equation (1), we get

– T cos 10o + 1000 + RB cos 70o = 0 …(4)
From equations (2), we get
– T sin 10o – 5000 + RB sin 70o = 0 …(5)
Multiplying equation (4) by sin 70o and equation (5) by cos 70o and solving, we get
= 3059.8 N
 EQULIBRIUM OF COPLANAR FORCE SYSREM
1 The cable and boom shown in Fig. P-308 support a load of 600 lb. Determine
the tensile force T in the cable and the compressive for C in the boom
FBD

T=439.24 C=537.94 answer

2 Determine the values of α and θ so that the forces shown in Fig. P-

316 will be in equilibrium.

α=46.57∘
θ=28.96∘
 3 Three bars, hinged at A and D and pinned at B and C as shown in Fig. P-
318, form a four-link mechanism. Determine the value of P that will prevent
motion.

At joint B
ΣFy=0ΣFy=0
FABcos30∘=20sin45∘FABcos⁡30∘=20sin⁡45∘
FAB=16.33 kNFAB=16.33 kN

ΣFx=0ΣFx=0

FBC=20cos45∘+FABsin30∘FBC=20cos⁡45∘+FABsin⁡30∘
FBC=20cos45∘+16.33sin30∘FBC=20cos⁡45∘+16.33sin⁡30∘
FBC=22.31 kNFBC=22.31 kN
 At joint C
ΣFy=0ΣFy=0
FCDcos15∘=Psin60∘FCDcos⁡15∘=Psin⁡60∘
FCD=0.8966PFCD=0.8966P

ΣFx=0ΣFx=0

Pcos60∘+FCDsin15∘=FBCPcos⁡60∘+FCDsin⁡15∘=FBC
Pcos60∘+(0.8966P)sin15∘=22.31Pcos⁡60∘+(0.8966P)sin⁡15∘=22.31
0.7320P=22.310.7320P=22.31
P=30.48 kNP=30.48 kN answer
4 Cords are loop around a small spacer separating two cylinders each
weighing 400 lb and pass, as shown in Fig. P-319 over a frictionless pulleys to
weights of 200 lb and 400 lb

ΣFH=0ΣFH=0
400cosθ=200400cos⁡θ=200
cosθ=0.5cos⁡θ=0.5
θ=60∘θ=60∘ answer
ΣFV=0ΣFV=0
N+400sinθ=800N+400sin⁡θ=800
N+400sin60∘=800N+400sin⁡60∘=800
N=453.59 lbN=453.59 lb answer
5 The cylinders in Fig. P-326 have the indicated weights and dimensions. Assuming
smooth contact surfaces, determine the reactions at A, B, C, and D on the cylinders.

cosθ=2.62+1cos⁡θ=2.62+1 θ=29.93∘θ=29.93∘

From the FBD of 200 kN cylinder

ΣFV=0ΣFV=0
RCsinθ=200RCsin⁡θ=200
RCsin29.93∘=200RCsin⁡29.93∘=200
RC=400.85 kNRC=400.85 kN answer

ΣFH=0ΣFH=0
RD=RCcosθRD=RCcos⁡θ
RD=400.85cos29.93∘RD=400.85cos⁡29.93∘
RD=347.39 kNRD=347.39 kN answer
From the FBD of 400 kN cylinder
ΣFH=0ΣFH=0
RA=RCcosθRA=RCcos⁡θ
RA=400.85cos29.93∘RA=400.85cos⁡29.93∘
RA=347.39 kNRA=347.39 kN answer

ΣFV=0ΣFV=0
RB=400+RCsinθRB=400+RCsin⁡θ
RB=400+400.85sin29.93∘RB=400+400.85sin⁡29.93∘
RB=600 kNRB=600 kN answer

6 Forces P and F acting along the bars shown in Fig. P-327 maintain equilibrium of
pin A. Determine the values of P and F.
ΣFH=0ΣFH=0

F(35)=P(15√)+30F(35)=P(15)+30
F=5√3P+50F=53P+50 → Equation (1)

ΣFV=0ΣFV=0
P(25√)+F(45)=18P(25)+F(45)=18
5√2P+F=22.552P+F=22.5

Substitute F of Equation (1)

5√2P+(5√3P+50)=22.552P+(53P+50)=22.5
55√6P=−27.5556P=−27.5
P=−14.76 kNP=−14.76 kN answer

From Equation (1)

F=5√3(−14.76)+50F=53(−14.76)+50
F=39 kNF=39 kN answer

7 A boom AB is supported in a horizontal position by a hinge A and a cable which

runs from C over a small pulley at D as shown in Fig. P-346. Compute the tension T
in the cable and the horizontal and vertical components of the reaction at A. Neglect
the size of the pulley at D.

ΣMA=0ΣMA=0
4(25√T)=2(200)+6(100)4(25T)=2(200)+6(100)
T=279.51 lbT=279.51 lb answer

ΣFV=0ΣFV=0
AV+25√T=200+100AV+25T=200+100
AV+25√(279.51)=300AV+25(279.51)=300
AV=50 lbAV=50 lb answer

ΣFH=0ΣFH=0
AH=15√TAH=15T
AH=15√(279.51)AH=15(279.51)
AH=125 lbAH=125 lb answer
8 The beam shown in Fig. P-351 is supported by a hinge at A and a roller on a 1 to 2
slope at B. Determine the resultant reactions at A and B.

ΣMA=0ΣMA=0
4(25√RB)=3(40)4(25RB)=3(40)
RB=33.54 kNRB=33.54 kN

ΣMB=0ΣMB=0
4AV=1(40)4AV=1(40)
AV=10 kNAV=10 kN

ΣFH=0ΣFH=0
AH=15√RB=15√(33.54)AH=15RB=15(33.54)
AH=15 kNAH=15 kN

RA=AH2+AV2−−−−−−−−−√=152+102−−−−−−−−√RA=AH2+AV2=152+102
RA=18.03 kNRA=18.03 kN

tanθAx=AVAH=1015tan⁡θAx=AVAH=1015
θAx=33.69∘θAx=33.69∘

Thus, RA=18.03 kNRA=18.03 kN up to the right at 33.69∘33.69∘ from

horizontal. Answer
9 A bar AE is in equilibrium under the action of the five forces shown in Fig. P-358.
Determine P, R, and T.

ΣFV=0ΣFV=0

45T+R=6045T+R=60
R=60−45TR=60−45T

ΣMA=0ΣMA=0
10T+4(4)R=4(60)+3(3)(40)10T+4(4)R=4(60)+3(3)(40)
10T+16R=60010T+16R=600
5T+8R=3005T+8R=300
5T+8(60−45T)=3005T+8(60−45T)=300
−75T+480=300−75T+480=300
75T=18075T=180
T=128.57 kN up to the leftT=128.57 kN up to the left answer
R=60−45(128.57)R=60−45(128.57)
R=−42.86 kNR=−42.86 kN
R=42.86 kN downwardR=42.86 kN downward answer
ΣFH=0ΣFH=0
P+35T=40P+35T=40
P+35(128.57)=40P+35(128.57)=40
P=−37.14 kNP=−37.14 kN
P=37.14 kN to the rightP=37.14 kN to the right answer

10 A 4-m bar of negligible weight rests in a horizontal position on the smooth planes
shown in Fig. P-359. Compute the distance x at which load T = 10 kN should be
placed from point B to keep the bar horizontal.
From the Force Polygon
RAsin45∘=20+10sin105∘RAsin⁡45∘=20+10sin⁡105∘
RA=21.96 kNRA=21.96 kN
From the Free Body Diagram
ΣMB=0ΣMB=0
4(RAcos30∘)=20(3)+10x4(RAcos⁡30∘)=20(3)+10x
4(21.96cos30∘)=20(3)+10x4(21.96cos⁡30∘)=20(3)+10x
10x=16.07210x=16.072
x=1.61 mx=1.61 m answer

11 Referring to Problem 10 what value of T acting at x = 1 m from B will keep the

bar horizontal.
From the Force Polygon
RAsin45∘=20+Tsin105∘RAsin⁡45∘=20+Tsin⁡105∘
RA=0.732(20+T)RA=0.732(20+T)
RA=14.641+0.732TRA=14.641+0.732T
From the Free Body Diagram
ΣMB=0ΣMB=0
4(RAcos30∘)=3(20)+1(T)4(RAcos⁡30∘)=3(20)+1(T)
4(14.641+0.732T)cos30∘=60+T4(14.641+0.732T)cos⁡30∘=60+T
50.7179+2.5357T=60+T50.7179+2.5357T=60+T
1.5357T=9.28211.5357T=9.2821
T=6.04 kNT=6.04 kN answer

12 Referring to Problem 11 , if T = 30 kN and x = 1 m, determine the angle θ at

which the bar will be inclined to the horizontal when it is in a position of
equilibrium.
From the Force Polygon
RAsin45∘=20+30sin105∘RAsin⁡45∘=20+30sin⁡105∘
RA=36.60 kNRA=36.60 kN

From the Free Body Diagram

ΣMB=0ΣMB=0
(4cosθ)(RAcos30∘)=(4sinθ)(RAsin30∘)+(3cosθ)(20)+(1cosθ)(30)(4cos⁡θ)(RAcos⁡3
0∘)=(4sin⁡θ)(RAsin⁡30∘)+(3cos⁡θ)(20)+(1cos⁡θ)(30)
(4cosθ)(36.60cos30∘)=(4sinθ)(36.60sin30∘)+(3cosθ)(20)+(1cosθ)(30)(4cos⁡θ)(36.
60cos⁡30∘)=(4sin⁡θ)(36.60sin⁡30∘)+(3cos⁡θ)(20)+(1cos⁡θ)(30)
126.7861cosθ=73.2sinθ+60cosθ+30cosθ126.7861cos⁡θ=73.2sin⁡θ+60cos⁡θ+30c
os⁡θ
36.7861cosθ=73.2sinθ36.7861cos⁡θ=73.2sin⁡θ
36.786173.2=sinθcosθ36.786173.2=sin⁡θcos⁡θ
tanθ=0.5025423497tan⁡θ=0.5025423497
θ=26.68∘θ=26.68∘ answer

13 Determine the reactions for the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-334.

ΣMR2=0ΣMR2=0

7.5R1=6(12)+4.5[3(6)]+1[12(3)(15)]7.5R1=6(12)+4.5[3(6)]+1[12(3)(15)]
R1=23.4 kNR1=23.4 kN answer
ΣMR1=0ΣMR1=0
7.5R2=1.5(12)+3[3(6)]+6.5[12(3)(15)]7.5R2=1.5(12)+3[3(6)]+6.5[12(3)(15)]
R2=29.1 kNR2=29.1 kN answer

14 The upper beam in Fig. P-337 is supported at D and a roller at C which separates
the upper and lower beams. Determine the values of the reactions at A, B, C, and D.
Neglect the weight of the beams.

ΣMC=0ΣMC=0

10RD+4(60)=6(190)10RD+4(60)=6(190)
RD=90 kNRD=90 kN answer
ΣMD=0ΣMD=0
10RC=14(60)+4(190)10RC=14(60)+4(190)
RC=160 kNRC=160 kN answer
ΣMA=0ΣMA=0
10RB=4(400)+14(160)10RB=4(400)+14(160)
RB=384 kNRB=384 kN answer
ΣMB=0ΣMB=0
10RA+4(160)=6(400)10RA+4(160)=6(400) RA=176 kNRA=176 kN answer