Contents

1 INSTALLATION PREPARATION .........................................................................................................................4

1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Major Configuration Guidelines ..............................................................................................................5
1.3 Scope of Work .........................................................................................................................................6
1.4 Site Requirements ...................................................................................................................................6
1.5 Occupational Health and Safety..............................................................................................................7
1.6 Equipment and Materials Delivery Checking and Verification ...............................................................7
1.6.1 Equipment .......................................................................................................................................7
1.6.2 Materials .........................................................................................................................................8
1.6.3 BOQ .................................................................................................................................................8
2 Nokia AirScale System Module........................................................................................................................9
2.1 Installation of AMOB for outdoor solution: ............................................................................................9
3 AirScale Radio Modules.................................................................................................................................10
3.1.1 Installation tools and materials for Nokia AirScale Radios ...........................................................10
3.1.2 AHEGB ...........................................................................................................................................12
3.1.3 AHPMDA ........................................................................................................................................13
3.1.4 AZHA ..............................................................................................................................................13
3.2 Installing the RRH Modules ...................................................................................................................14
3.2.1 Pole Mount ....................................................................................................................................14
3.2.2 Scenario of swap ...........................................................................................................................14
3.3 RFM / BB Configuration for Different Scenarios ...................................................................................19
3.4 Rollback action ......................................................................................................................................24
3.5 Grounding .............................................................................................................................................25
3.5.1 Importance of Grounding..............................................................................................................26
3.5.2 What constitutes a poor ground system on the site? ...................................................................26
3.5.3 Good ground system for the AirScale equipment.........................................................................26
3.5.4 Ground measurement ...................................................................................................................26
3.5.5 Grounding for RF Modules ............................................................................................................27
4 Optical Fiber Connection...............................................................................................................................28
5 POWER CONNECTIONS .................................................................................................................................30
5.1 Power Consumption ..............................................................................................................................30
 5.2 RF Module Power Connections .............................................................................................................30
5.3 POWER MODULE-Flexi Power Prioritizer FPFH CS7136001 ..................................................................30
5.3.1 FPFH Design ...................................................................................................................................30
5.3.2 Connection Scheme .....................................................................................................................31
5.3.3 1.3.2 FPFH Dimension ................................................................................................................32
5.4 Alarm Connections ................................................................................................................................32
5.5 Antenna System Connection .................................................................................................................34
5.5.1 VSWR alarms .................................................................................................................................36
5.5.2 VSWR Measurement .....................................................................................................................36
6 Commissioning steps,....................................................................................................................................37
6.1 BTS startup overview ............................................................................................................................37
7 Appendix .......................................................................................................................................................37
7.1 Appendix A: Tools..................................................................................................................................37
7.2 Label agreed ..........................................................................................................................................39
7.3 Appendix B: Site Folder Preparation .....................................................................................................39
7.4 Appendix C: Site Acceptance (PAT) .......................................................................................................40
7.5 Appendix D: Site Cleaning .....................................................................................................................40
7.6 Appendix E: Quality Self-Assessment ....................................................................................................41
7.7 Appendix F : Swap Process ....................................................................................................................41
7.8 Appendix G: Spares and Faulty Module handling .................................................................................42
7.9 Appendix H: Site Access ........................................................................................................................42
2 Nokia AirScale System Module
Nokia AirScale System Module consists of a high capacity indoor AirScale sub rack (AMIA) or a high
capacity outdoor AirScale sub rack (AMOB) with AirScale Common (ASIA) and AirScale Capacity (ABIA)
plug-in units.
The ASIA unit contains the control and integrated Ethernet transport processing and interfaces. The ABIA
brings baseband signal processing capacity and/or another radio access technology into the system

For Safaricom the ASIA System module will be installed inside the AMOB.

2.1 Installation of AMOB for outdoor solution:

Before you start
For installing the AirScale module in a stack, make sure to have the following items at hand:
•Flexi Mounting Kit for Floor, Wall and Pole (FMFA) –Not required if installed on an existing stack
•AirScale Subrack (Amob)
•Break out key (831092)
•Screwdriver size TX25
•Optional: compatible 3U casing

Sample picture of AMOB on concrete slap to

be added here
3 AirScale Radio Modules

3.1.1 Installation tools and materials for Nokia AirScale Radios

Tool Type/Description
A Torque screwdriver capable of 0.5-4.3 Nm (4.4-38.1 in-lb)
B 3/8 in. square drive (or adapter) capable of 4.3-30 Nm (3.2-22.1 ft-lb)
3/8 in. square drive (or adapter) socket extension
C set 150 mm (6 in.), 300 mm (12 in.)
8 mm, 13 mm, 17 mm, 21 mm (modules with R2CT
D Open end crowfoot wrench optical plug only), 22 mm, 30 mm, 35 mm
E Hex key (Allen) 6 mm, 8 mm
F TORX bit T15, T20, T25, T45
G Socket wrench 13 mm
Non-permanent, medium strength - for example,
H Thread-locking compound Loctite 243
I Hammer -
J Drill and wall mounting hardware -
K Saw for cutting steel bolts -
L Side cutters -
M Scissors -
N Insulation tape -
O Tape measure -
P Cleaning tools for optical cables -
Q Level -
R M12 eye bolts (for AMPA) -
S Lifting bag/bucket -
T Soft jaw needle nose pliers -
U Soft jaw channel lock -
V Flat-head screwdriver -
W Philips screwdriver -
3.1.2 AHEGB
Airscale AHEGB RRH Module is a dual band 4Tx4Rx Module with the listed bands.
Band 1: 2110 – 2170 MHz
Band 3: 1805 – 1880 MHz

Figure 1: Airscale RRH Module AHEGB Interfaces

3.1.3 AHPMDA
Airscale AHPMDA RRH Module is a Triple band 2Tx2Rx Module with the listed bands.
Band 1: 2110 – 2170 MHz
Band 3: 1805 – 1880 MHz

Figure 2. Airscale RRH Module AHPMDA Interfaces

3.1.4 AZHA
Airscale AZHA is an RRH with 4T4R B41 160 W. The frequency range for the TD-LTE module is 2496 - 2690
MHz

Figure 3. Airscale RRH Module AZHA Interfaces

3.2 Installing the RRH Modules

We will replace the existing 2G (FXDA/FXDB) and 4G (FXEB/FXEA/FXEF/FHEB) with AHPMDA and AHEGB
AirScale modules in a feeder-less solution.

3.2.1 Pole Mount

Any Flexi MR module can be mounted on the pole. However, in most cases RF modules are mounted on
the poles while the System Modules are stacked on the floor or on a pedestal.

3.2.2 Scenario of swap

The aim of this section is to know the exact and smooth steps of HW installation of Nokia Airscale
module after dismantling the OLD 2G and 3G system modules. The swap of the existing System module (ESMB
or ESMC and FSMF) and RFMs ( (FXEx and FXDx) to AirScale System module with new RFMs(AHEGB and
AHPMDA) will be partial hot swap by dismantled 2G/3G site and install the AirScale with replacement of FXDx
with AHPMDA while locking the 2G and once everything is ok will go to 2G site to avoid to lose the coverage
(services) and the following steps are the reference of swapping to AirScale to meet the standard of Nokia
quality requirements:

Step 1
Day before the activity,

1- Access email should be sent to NOC to get access approval for the site and to ensure access with
site owner.

2- An outage window request (CRQ) should be created on CR tool with all required information of full
outage window time and roll back plan.

Step 2
Activity Day, team arrived at the site supplied with full PPE.

Step 3
Unpacking AirScale with all its accessories. Ensure all equipment’s are well delivered according the SMR.

Step 4
Inform the NOC team with the approved CR number to open the window and get authorized to start working.

Step 5
Collect all External and internal alarms and inform the NOC team for any suspicious alarms.

Step 6
Collect the SCF file of 3G and 2G system modules.
Step 7

Power off2G/3G system module and dismantle it as shown below.

Step 8
Install AirScale instead over the FPFx. Installation will be on the same position using the same DC cable from
rectifier according section (2.1)

Step 9

Power off the RFM (FXDx and FXEx) according plan that should be replaced, and dismantle it and then will
install new AHEGB and AHPMDA

Note:

All the RFM which was installed in top of tower we need to instruct with the method below:
Using FMFA as hanger to install the removed RFM or the required RFM to be installed by fit with cable of the
winch and then install the required RFM (new or old RFM) to pick it from the down or from the tope of tower.

Step 9

Plug in the DC cable and optical with SFP in new RFMs (AHPMDA and AHEGB)
Connect (plug in) the Airscale DC power cable and all RF power cables to the FPFH as in section (5)

Note: FPFH should be set according to the power consumption in section (5.1).

Step 10
Power up the AirScale and give the system software upgrade to version 19. Then, commission the site
according to the datafill.

A- Connect the RFs optical cables as shown in table below, and with step in section 4

optical connection
Before After
Flexi Multiradio AirScale
System module RFM port in SM port in RFM System module RFM port in SM port in RFM
FXDx opt1 opt1 AHPMDA1 ABIA 1 , PORT1 opt1
FSMF
FXEx opt2 opt1 AHPMDA2 ABIA 1 , PORT2 opt1
Scenario 1
FXDx opt1 opt1 AirScale 1 ASIA AHPMDA3 ABIA 1 , PORT3 opt1
ESMC or ESMB
FXEx opt2 opt1 FXEx ABIA 2 , PORT1 opt1
FRGx ABIA 3 , PORT1 opt1
FXDx opt1 opt1 FXDB ABIA 1 , PORT1 opt1
FSMF
FXEx opt2 opt1 FXDB ABIA 1 , PORT2 opt1
FXDx opt1 opt1 FRMB ABIA 2 , PORT1 opt1
ESMC or ESMB
FXEx opt2 opt1 FRMB ABIA 2 , PORT2 opt1
FRMB ABIA 2 , PORT3 opt1
AirScale 1 ASIA Scenario 2
FXEB ABIA 3 , PORT1 opt1
FXEB ABIA 3 , PORT2 opt1
AHEGB ABIA 3 , PORT3 opt1
AHEGB ABIA 3 , PORT4 opt1
AHEGB ABIA 3 , PORT5 opt1
FXDx opt1 opt1 AHPMDA1 ABIA 1 , PORT1 opt1
FSMF
FXEx opt2 opt1 AHPMDA2 ABIA 1 , PORT2 opt1
FXDx opt1 opt1 AHPMDA3 ABIA 1 , PORT3 opt1
ESMC or ESMB
FXEx opt2 opt1 FXEB ABIA 3 , PORT1 opt1
AirScale 2 ASIA Scenario 3
FXEB ABIA 3 , PORT2 opt1
AHEGB ABIA 4 , PORT3 opt1
AHEGB ABIA 4 , PORT4 opt1
AHEGB ABIA 4 , PORT5 opt1
B- connect and verify the connection of the jumper feeder between antenna and RFMs

Note: if we replace the old RFM FXEA/B and FXDA.B with AHEGB and AHPMDA should replace the
jumper feeder because of the old jumper have connector 7-16in from RFMs but due to the new
RFMs have connectors 4.3-10in we should replace it to be 7-16in from antenna and 4.3-10 from
RFMs but the jumpers which is connected with GSM will not be replaced. And as shown below the
jumper overview.
 The Antenna RET port is connected to the AHPMDA RET port using the ASIG cable.

C- Swap the ethernet cable according to the table below:

Ethernet connection

before Port After port

2G ESMC EIF2 in TRM card

AirScale EIF3
3G FSMF EIF2

D- 3G service should be on air, if so, then will power off the 2G system module. And swap of power
cables according to section 5

E- Commission the site to make 2G on air.

Step 11
Dismantle 2G system module same as step 7. And connect the optical cables according to the last table ( step
10) and below diagram (step 15), dismantle the alarm cable from 2G and install new alarm cable FSAH and
connected it with FSEB and AirScale according section (5.3) and check the setting of the alarm.

Step 12

Connect the grounding according to the section 3.3

Step 13

Clean the site and dispatched all unneeded equipment.

Step 14
Make a proper photo report as Nokia standard.

Note: no cable clamps & label will be customer standard label with sample
3.3 RFM / BB Configuration for Different Scenarios

1. RFM/BB Configuration in 1-ASIA+3-ABIA(125 Sites)

1-ASIA+3-ABIA Configuration

• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-1 will be used for 900 RFM. If <3 RFM then remaining port will be empty. RF 4/5/6 will
also be empty.

• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-2 will be used for L800 RFM. If <3 RFM then remaining port will be empty.

• RF4/5/6 in ABIA-2 will be used for AHEGB LW2100/1800 RFM.

• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-3 will be used for G1800 RFM.

2. RFM/BB Configuration in 2-ASIA+4-ABIA(No Sites)

2-ASIA+4-ABIA Configuration

• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-1 will be used for GU 900 RFM. If <3 RFM then remaining port will be empty.

• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-2 will be used for G1800 RFM.

• RF1/2/3 in 2nd ASIA ABIA-4 will be used for L800 RFM. RF4/5/6 in ABIA-4 will be used for LW1800/2100
RFM AHEGB.

3. RFM/BB Configuration in 1-ASIA+3-ABIA(57 Sites)

1-ASIA+3-ABIA Configuration
• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-1 will be used for GUL800/900 RFM AHPMDA. If <3 RFM then remaining port will be
empty.
• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-2 will be used for L1800 RFM.
• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-3 will be used for G1800 RFM though RF4/5/6 will be used for U2100 RFM.
4. RFM/BB Configuration in 2-ASIA+4/5-ABIA(62 Sites)
2-ASIA+4/5-ABIA Configuration
• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-1 will be used for GUL800/900 RFM AHPMDA. If <3 RFM then remaining port will be
empty.
• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-2 will be used for G1800 RFM.
• RF1/2/3 in 2nd ASIA, ABIA-4 will be used for GUL 800/900 AHPMDA though RF4/5/6 will be used for
L1800 RFM.
• RFM 1/2/3 in 2nd ASIA, ABIA-5 will be used for U2100 RFM.
5. RFM/BB Configuration in 2-ASIA+4-ABIA(41 Sites)
2-ASIA+4-ABIA Configuration
• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-1 will be used for GUL800/900 RFM AHPMDA. If <3 RFM then remaining port will be
empty.
• RF1/2/3 in ABIA-2 will be used for G1800 RFM.
• RF1/2/3 in 2nd ASIA, ABIA-4 will be used for GUL 800/900 AHPMDA though RF4/5/6 will be used for
LW1800/2100 AHEGB RFM.
6. Final Configuration Summary
3.4 Rollback action
For any case of any luck, the below process should be taken to get everything working again without any issue,
rollback process below:

1- Turn off AirScale Cab.

2- Inform Integration to start to re-create the site (2G and 3G) as RAT.
3- Inform Transmission team to roll back the VLANs as before swap.
4- Remove (pull out) the DC cable from AirScale.
5- Pull out the AirScale Cab from FMFA.
6- Pull out all the Optical fibers and SFPs from AirScale.
7- Pull out the FSAH from AirScale and Pull out the ethernet cable too.
8- Plug in 3G system module according section
9- Plug in DC cable in 3G system Module.
10- Plug in Ethernet and all optical fibers with SFPs in 3G system module.
11- Remove pull out the DC cable from RFM (AHPMDA and AHEGB)
12- Pull out the optical and SFPs from RFMs (AHPMDA and AHEGB)
13- Pull out the RFM (AHPMDA and AHEGB) from FMFA.
14- Pick it down of tower.
15- Pick it up the tower of all RFM (FXEA/B and FXDA/B)
16- Plug in RFMs (FXEA/B and FXDA/B) on FMFA as shown in section 3.2.1
17- plug in the DC cable from RFM (FXEA/B and FXDA/B).
18- Plug in the optical and SFPs from RFMs (FXEA/B and FXDA/B).
19- Turn on the 3G system module.
20- Recommission the 3G sites according to the DF as before Swap.
21- Plug in 2G system module.
22- Plug in DC cable in 2G system module.
 23- Plug in ethernet of 2G and connect it with TRM module.
24- Plug in all fiber cable of 2G RFM with SFPs as shown in section (4).
25- Install old Alarm Cable.
26- Plug in alarm cable in 2G system module.
27- Plug in old alarm cable in FSEB side.
28- Turn on the 2G system module.
29- Recommission the 2G sites according to the DF as before Swap.
30- Once BO ready site created (2G and 3G).
31- Check the operation of the site 2G and 3G.
32- Test call to be sure everything is Ok.
33- Test the external alarm.
34- Re packing AirScale equipment.
35- Clean the site.
36- Pick the all dismantled the materials from the site.
37- Take photo to be sure everything as before action.
38- Inform NOC for leaving.

3.5 Grounding
The purpose of Equipment grounding is to bond all electrical equipment on the site to the same potential
(0V) because of equipment functionality reasons and electrical safety regulations. Ideally the ground path
resistance should be zero ohms but this is not practical. Telecommunication industry and IEEE recommend
 < 5 ohms ground system resistance. The Grounding resistance target of the Flexi BTS is ≤10
Ω.

3.5.1 Importance of Grounding

Proper grounding for the site is critical for the safety of:

i. Personnel onsite
ii. Equipment installed on site
iii. Facilities onsite

The Personnel onsite are protected from electrocution or fire, the equipment is protected from
failure or degradation in functionality while the facility is protected from fire.

3.5.2 What constitutes a poor ground system on the site?

Some of the common causes of poor ground system include the following

i. Bad quality cable

ii. Installing ground cables of smaller conductor size than the recommended size
iii. Loose connections between the cable and the equipment or loose connections between
the grounding cable and the grounding bar.
iv. Loose, shallow or missing earth electrodes
v. Corroded cables or termination points
vi. High soil resistivity (for example in very dry soil or rocky soil)

3.5.3 Good ground system for the AirScale equipment

i. Ensure the cable are made of copper (galvanized only for external application)
ii. Use 16mm2 Y/G cables or 25mm2 where specified
iii. All termination and connection points should be well fastened and tightened (use the correct bolts,
nuts and washers)
iv. Inspect the site earth electrodes and ensure they are fixed in the ground properly
v. Check for any corrosion or any physical cuts or damage on the ground cable. For the areas with
the likelihood of corrosion through electrochemical processes (humidity, salinity and other
chemicals) ensure the cable is well insulated and the right tape is applied on the termination
point.

3.5.4 Ground measurement

The ground measurement data will be provided by Safaricom as part of site pre-installation checks.
Any sites with poor grounding shall be rectified before equipment is installed.

During installation it may be necessary to confirm the ground system resistance. The fluke meter shall
be used for this purpose.
 The fluke ground testing meter the complete kit

3.5.5 Grounding for RF Modules

Grounding cable from RF Modules Grounding on the plinth towards Main Ground Bar

· Use black 4.6x100 cable ties to neatly dress the Grounding cables
·
· Avoid lose joints and hanging cables
· Use 16mm/M10 Cable lugs and M10 Washers to terminate the grounding cable
· Avoid running the grounding cables in parallel with power cables
Grounding on the main tower grounding bar

4 Optical Fiber Connection

The System Module is connected to the RF Modules through fibre optic cables in the Feeder-less
Solution. Each RF module is linked with only one Fibre Optic cable.
The Fibre Optic cable is a factory-made cable and comes in two different categories FUFAY MM OD fiber
LC OD-LC OD dual 100m and
FUFDDMM OD fiber LC OD-LC OD dual 80m.
The choice and applicability of the cable depends on the estimated length between the System Module
and the RF module.

STEPS

i. Remove the connector seal from the optical cable connector on the module.
ii. Push the optical transceiver in the system module and remove the IP protective cap from
the transceiver.
iii. Pull back the connector seal to uncover the connector.
iv. Remove the protective plugs, clean the connector end faces with isopropanol with tissues
and connect the cable to the system module. Make sure it clicks into place.
v. Push the connector seal firmly in place.
vi. Route the cable through the internal cable entry between the System and RF modules.
vii. Coil up and tie the excess cables on the available cable tray or Cable ladder
viii. Push the SFP optical transceiver in the module and remove the IP protective cap from
the transceiver.
ix. Remove the protective plugs, clean the connector end faces and connect the optical cable to
the module. Make sure it clicks into place.
x. Push the connector seal firmly in place.
xi. Repeat for all modules in the configuration.
 xiii. Make sure that all connector seals are properly installed.

Note:

· The optical cables are factory-bended to the left, when connected, must always be routed to
the left from the connector. Bending them to the right by force will break the cables.
· Do not bend the optical cables beyond the minimum radius of 70mm. If necessary, the
optical cables can also be routed through the external cable entries. In that case, make a
loop of the excess cable and fix it to the cable support plates with cable ties.

Fibre Optic Cable installed correctly on System Module

5 POWER CONNECTIONS
The power input for Flexi MR Modules is -48V DC with the permitted range of -40.5V to -57V. The
positive input is always at 0V potential difference.

5.1 Power Consumption

For the system module we will use one from the existing power cable system module ( 2G or 3G) to swap to
Airscale.

As shown below the Airscale BTS configuration samples with typical estimated power consumption:
• 1xAMOB + 1xASIA + 1xABIA → ≈172W (max ≈287W)
• 1xAMOB + 1xASIA + 2xABIA → ≈273W (max ≈435W)
• 1xAMOB + 1xASIA + 3xABIA → ≈374W (max ≈584)
• 1xAMOB + 2xASIA + 4xABIA → ≈534W (max ≈871W)

5.2 RF Module Power Connections

In Safaricom projects the RF module will be powered directly from the DC DB via 63A breaker. The
FPFH or FPFC is installed between the external power source and the RF module or RRH.

5.3 POWER MODULE-Flexi Power Prioritizer FPFH CS7136001

5.3.1 FPFH Design

The FPFH Module is a 3U module designed for mounting inside EMHA casing or 19” rack and offers a controlled
distribution of DC Bus Voltage with integrated Overcurrent Protection.
It has 2xDC INPUT terminals connected in Parallel inside the Unit each Conducting 120A; and 6xDC OUTPUT
terminals each delivering up to 50A. The DC outputs can be truned ON or OFF independently and have Electronic
Fuse implemented. Current can be user configured on value ranges 6-50A and Overcurrent Protection will trip
the output at currents as per configured values.

When the FPFH existing, we must assess the availability of the spare capacity before we add additional modules
onto the FPFH. In order to do we need to gather the following information.
• Cross sectional size of the existing power cable.
• Length of the power cable from the Circuit Breaker to the FPFH
• Rating of the Circuit Breaker.
• Types and number of modules connected to the FPFH/C

Each module has a maximum power consumption as per below. Based on the total consumption we can safely
access if the existing setup can accommodate the additional load using the tables below. If for some reason you
come across a module not listed below, please contact the Nokia ROM for further guidance.

Possible modules encountered.

 Module Max Power per
type module
AZHA 466
AHEGB 1274
AHEGC 1518
AHPMDA 973
FXDA 932
FXDB 970
FXEA 1031
FXEB 984
FXEF 923

For this phase of the Safaricom project a new FPFH will be installed. The New FPFH will be used to connect
power to 2 of the new RFM’s/RRH’s. The existing RRH will be used for the existing modules and 1 of the new
RFM/RRH. The existing FPFH supply will be upgraded be installing a second 25mm square cable to the existing
25mm square cable. The max length for this DC cable is 43.7m. The new FPFH will be installed with its own run
of 25mm square cable. When the existing FPFH power cable is being upgraded the supply CB also must be
upgraded. The A and B feed must be fed from a dual pole CB(2x 63A or 80AC B of the same type joined by the
link). The new FPFH will be fed from a single 63A or 80A CB. The max length for the new FPFH is 52m 10mm
cable to be used from the FPFH to the RRH/RFM.

5.3.2 Connection Scheme

The FPFH is connected to 63A MCB via 25mm2 Power Cable
The connections between FPFH and Individual RF Modules is via 10mm2 power cables

5.3.3 1.3.2 FPFH Dimension

Table 14

Property FPFH

Height x Width x Depth 117.5x482.6x155.6mm

Weight 6.75kg

5.4 Alarm Connections

The environmental (external) alarms are connected to the System Module via the FSEB alarm box.
The delivery will include FSAH Flexi System Alarm Cable only will be replace with old one and
connected between existing alarm box ( FSEB)with AirScale .
Alarm Cable from System Module Terminate existing alarms here

Pull out the FSES connector from FSEB side Remove the connector seal from the alarm cable
connector on the Sys module, Pull out the FSEA from
ESMC/B

Plug in FSAH with FSEB Plug in FSAH with AirScale

 FSAH cable alarm (15m)

Note:
The alarm box can connect a maximum of 24 external alarms.
5.5 Antenna System Connection
The RF modules are connected to the Antenna system via the 1/2 inch jumper cable and the 7/16
inch connector (silver plated brass or a special grade of copper). The connector on the RF module is
4.3/10 Angled to ensure the acceptable bending radius of the jumper cable at the RF module TX/RX
and RX ports.

Jumper feeder 4.3-10 Angle 7-16 connector

Antenna jumper cables with a straight 7/16” connect or (on the Antenna side)

Each RF module has a provision for a maximum of 6 jumpers. Most Safaricom towers have two antennas
for the same band per sector and hence the RX diversity connection is possible. The standard length for
the jumper will be 3m and 5m unless specified otherwise.
Jumpers can only be connected to the antenna when the RF module is powered OFF. This will be done
during the time of the Swap operation.

STEPS

i. Jumper cables must be installed as straight as possible

ii. Avoid additional bending
iii. Proper tools must use during jumper installation
iv. Prefabricated jumpers has to be used all the time
v. All connections have to be tightened with the correct torque (for connector use 25Nm)
vi. Use water proofing kit (Amalgamating tape and black insulating tape-vinyl type) to seal the
7/16” connectors at the antenna port.
vii. The jumper cable should be dressed properly on the tower to avoid swinging
viii. Label the jumper at least from one end to indicate the sector or cell.

Note: Violating this may introduce VSWR alarms, Return loss and Traffic quality issues on the BTS.
5.5.1 VSWR alarms

VSWR stands for Voltage Standing Wave Ratio. For a BTS power to be delivered to an antenna the
transmission line must be well matched to the Antenna system (antenna, feeder cables, jumper cables)
Impedance. The parameter VSWR is a measure that numerically describes how well the antenna
system impedance is matched to the BTS transmission line. For maximum power transfer, the
impedance for the transmitting source must be equal to the Antenna system impedance. However, this
is an ideal situation. The main causes of VSWR alarms in the BTS include the following:

i. Poor connections of the jumper cable or feeder cables

ii. Ingress of water, dust or moisture into the antenna-jumper connectors
iii. Fault in the Antenna system (antenna, feeder cable or jumper cable)

To prevent the VSWR alarms ensure the following:

i. The correct jumper cable is used. The length and connector should be the specified type
(typically 3m and 5m jumper is used while 4.3-10 and 7-16” connector is used to connect
the jumper on the RFMs and antenna port).
ii. Seal the connection at the antenna port with weather proofing kit (apply amalgamating
tape and anti-UV light black tape)
iii. Check for any physical damage on existing antenna, feeder or jumper cable. Ensure the
antenna is in good working condition and well installed on the tower. Check cuts and
bends on the feeder or jumper cables. Only install cables that have no physical damages.

5.5.2 VSWR Measurement

Safaricom will provide alarm logs for all swap sites before the swap operation. Any site with permanent
or consistent VSWR alarms will be identified from the alarm logs. These alarms are normally retrieved
from OMS.

The possible causes of VSWR shall be investigated before the swap operation is done and corrected.
A Site master is used to measure the VSWR of antenna system. Ensure the site master is well
calibrated before measuring the VSWR. The expected typical values are 1.5:1.
6 Commissioning steps,

6.1 BTS startup overview

7 Appendix
7.1 Appendix A: Tools
Some of tools used to fabricate cables onsite

25NM Torque wrench for 7/16” connector LAN Crimping tool

Cable stripping tool hand held label prin
7.2 Label agreed
As shown below the sample of the labels indoor, and so on…

DC cable and optical between RFMs and System Ethernet cable

module

7.3 Appendix B: Site Folder Preparation

Site folder shall be filled by the Subcontractor team during Implementation Phase. The team shall be
responsible for updating of site folder as per Nokia standards; Site folder should have the latest As-Built
site plan. Site Folder must be submitted in Hardcopies (01 for Site, & 02 for Customer) and softcopy to be
 uploaded in IPM.

Contents of the Site Folder include the following documents:

1 Site Information
2 SBTS Commissioning file
3 SBTS Integration file
4 Certificates of Completion and ATMN
5 Risk assessment, Accident and Incident reports
6 Quality Health and Safety documentation
7 Site Photo Checklist

7.4 Appendix C: Site Acceptance (PAT)

The site acceptance will be done immediately after the site is swapped or integrated in the network. The
acceptance tests is an exercise done between Safaricom Field Operation engineers (FO) and the
subcontractor swap team onsite.

The PAT doc shall be scanned and uploaded in the IPM. This doc is important for the Provisional
Acceptance Certificate (PAC) hence all installation snags shall be cleared before the PAC can be signed
off.

7.5 Appendix D: Site Cleaning

After Completion of Installation Works, clear all the cable ties pieces, polythene & other debris from the
site. Dispose the debris at an isolated place, where debris can be dumped. Collect all extra installation
materials, Hardware (uninstalled) and keep at a single place. Remove all dusts from site & clean the site.
Keep all site documents in designated places.
 Clean and tidy site

7.6 Appendix E: Quality Self-Assessment

The installation and commissioning teams shall conduct site self-assessment using the Nokia
Quality checklist (customized from the Nokia Global quality Checklist)

Nokia shall perform Quality Audit for the installed sites to assure Quality & OHS. Audit shall be based
on the same Audit checklist which is followed during Self-assessment of the Site.

7.7 Appendix F : Swap Process

The swap process pre-requisites:

i. The site is completely installed

ii. The site is completely commissioned
iii. Quality assessment is done and all snags cleared

On the swap day the following is required

i. One team leader and at least 2 riggers and their contacts

ii. One team from Safaricom and their contacts
iii. Swap Work-order
iv. Site access keys
v. BTS integration data provided by NPO; the field managers will distribute info to all teams
vi. Site specific external alarms information shall be provided by the Field manager
7.8 Appendix G: Spares and Faulty Module handling
The following are the steps to be undertaken in the replacement of a faulty module with a spare module.
The process also extends to ordering of a new module(s) via the Hardware services (HWS).

The critical spares for the project include: ASIA,ABIA (System Module), AHEGB (2100) and
AHPMDA (1800).

STEPS:

i. Spares are picked from Nokia warehouse and delivered to site. The Field manager will be in
charge of distributing the spares to the teams.
ii. If a faulty module is identified during commissioning or swap phase it shall be replaced
immediately and handed over to the FM. The description of the fault and serial number/part
number shall be recorded in a template to be provided by the Implementation manager.
iii. The faulty modules shall be sent to R&R
iv. TI manager shall forward to HWS the faulty module info to enable ordering of new module(s).
v. HWS/Logistics to alert TI manager when the new modules are delivered in the customs by
providing the Airway Bill number and the delivery number.

7.9 Appendix H: Site Access

Safaricom has an elaborate procedure to gain access permission on all sites. The following are the steps to
qualify any person visiting and accessing any Safaricom or co-located sites.

STEPS:
i. Partners receives, evaluates and validates names of persons working for Nokia on
Safaricom projects. These are Subcontractor technicians as well as Nokia Engineers.
ii. Approved WO and CR where applicable is required to access the site
iii. Collect site keys from the regional offices or Owner. Keys may be found with the Personal
assistant of the Region Coordinators.
iv. Ensure before visiting any site you have the requisite PPE kit or protective kits with all
required documents and tools.
v. To access the site, send a LOGIN SMS to the NOC.
vi. Collect the alarms before any activity.
vii. Insure to inform NOC about any alarm before the work.
viii. Before leaving the site ensure any new alarms generated due to your activities are cleared.
ix. Inform NOC and send an SMS to LOGOUT once you are leaving site.
viii. Return the key to the issuing contact person. Noncompliance may lead to de-registration
from the list of authorized persons.

Note: it’s prohibited to invite any other persons (who does not have prior validation) to access the site
without formal authorization from Safaricom.