MAJOR PROJECT REPORT

ON
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF AN INTZE
OVERHEAD WATER TANK
Submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING

Submitted by

R.NAVEEN 18N81A0130

A.DINKAR KALYAN 18N81A0131

G.VENKAT PRANEETH 18N81A0142

U.SAICHANDAR RAO 19N85A0108

M.THIRUPATHI 19N85A0111

Under the esteemed guidance of

Dr*. ASHOK DARSHANALA
Assoc. Professor & HOD

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SPHOORTHY ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Accredited by NAAC, permanently affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad)
Nadergul (V), Sagar Road, L. B. Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana-501510.
2018 – 2022

i
 SPHOORTHY ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(Accredited by NAAC, permanently affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad)

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that project entitled “DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF AN INTZE
OVERHEAD WATER TANK” is the bonafide work carried out by R NAVEEN (18N81A0130),
A DINKAR KALYAN (18N81A0131), G VENKAT PRANEETH (18N81A0142), U
SAICHANDAR RAO (19N85A0108), M THIRUPATHI (19N85A0111),
students of B-Tech in Civil Engineering Department of Sphoorthy Engineering College,
Hyderabad, during the year 2021-2022 under my supervision and guidance. The result embodied
in this Project Work has not been submitted to any other University or Institute for the award of
any Degree.

.
INTERNAL GUIDE HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
Mr. ASHOK DARSHNALA Mr. ASHOK DARSHNALA

EXTERNAL EXAMINER PRINCIPAL DR. JBV

SUBRAHMANYAM

ii
 DECLARATION

We R NAVEEN (18N81A0130), A DINKAR KALYAN (18N81A0131), G VENKAT

PRANEETH (18N81A0142), U SAICHANDAR RAO (19N85A0108) , M THIRUPATHI
(19N85A0111), hereby declare that the project entitled “ASSESSMENT OF CARBON
FOOTPRINT OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS BY LCA” submitted for the B.Tech
(Civil) degree is our original work and the project has not formed the basis for the award of any
other degree, diploma, fellowship or any other similar titles.

1. R NAVEEN (18N81A0130)
2. A DINKAR KALYAN (18N81A0131)
3. G VENKAT PRANEETH (18N81A0142) 4.
U SAICHANDAR RAO (19N85A0108)
5. M THIRUPATHI (19N85A0111)

Place: Sphoorthy Engg. College, Hyderabad

Date:

ACKNOW LEDGEMENT
iii
First and fore most praise and thanks goes to Almighty for the showers of endless
empathy and blessings that have been bestowed upon us in all our endeavors.
Words are too few to express our deep gratitude to Mr. ASHOK DARSHANALA,
guide and head of the dept, who has guided us timely suggestions and he is always
been a source of encouragement to us in our project work and we are greatly indebted
to him.
We are very thankful to the faculty members of the Civil Engineering Department for
their kind cooperation.
We would like to express our sincere thanks to Dr. JBV SUBRAHMANYAM,
Principal/Director, and also management for providing the good environment and
laboratory facilities to finish the project.
We do fail in our duty if we do not record the cooperation and encouragement of our
family members, especially our parents who all through our graduate studies.

ABSTRACT
India has facing a major problem in portable driking water services .In order to overcome this
problem engineers has come up with the solution of designing the overhead tanks .we had
observed in many cases where overhead tanks are likely to fail during and after construction
due to lack of knowledge about impact of natural hazards such as Earthquakes ,high velocity
winds etc. so , the water tanks are designed to resist from wind and earthquake.In this project

iv
we going to design Intze overhead tank because lower dome are designed to resist the
horizontal thrust in order to minimize the cost of project .

. The seismic analysis is generally adopted in case of high elevated structures like over
head tanks, because of earthquake loads may cause to collapse the high elevated structures .
so, in order to resist or bear the earthquake load by the high elevated structures we designed
as per seismic analysis . In this analysis we are going to find Time period, Design horizontal
coefficient, Base shear, Base moment and Hydrodynamic pressure. Generally, seismic
parameters are differed from zone to zone . so we are also going to find seismic analysis at
different zones in India and making comparison among them .

v
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Description Page Number

1. INTRODUCTION 1-2
1.1 Tank
1.2 Types of tank
1.2.1 Based on location
1.2.2 Based on geometric shape
1.3 Elevated tanks
1.4 Seismic analysis
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 3-4
3. METHODOLOGY 5-12
3.1 Data collection
3.1.1 Population forecasting
3.1.2 Methods of forecasting the population
3.2 Design of tank
3.2.1 Domes
3.2.3 Top beam
3.2.4 Bottom Beam
3.2.5 Column
3.2.6 Bracing
3.3 Seismic analysis
3.3.1 Time period
3.3.2 Damping
3.3.3 Design horizontal seismic coefficient
3.3.4 Base shear

vi
 3.3.5 Base moment
3.3.6 Hydrodynamic pressure
3.3.7 Pressure due to wall inertia
3.3.8 Pressure due to wall excitation
3.3.9 Maximum hydrodynamic pressure
4. RESULTS 13-34
4.1. Data
4.2. Design of tank
4.2.1 Design of top dome
4.2.2 Design of top ring beam
4.2.3 Design of vertical wall
4.2.4 Design of ring beam
4.2.5 Design of conical beam
4.2.6 Design of bottom ring beam
4.2.7 Design of column
4.2.7.1 Non dimensional parameters
4.2.7.2 Design of lateral ties
4.2.8 Design of bracings
4.3. Tank parameters
4.3.1 weight of components
4.3.2 Centre of gravity of empty container
4.3.3 Lateral stiffness of staging
4.3.4 Parameters of spring mass model
4.3.4.1 Time period
4.3.4.2 Damping
4.3.4.3 Design horizontal seismic coefficient
4.3.4.4 Base shear
4.3.4.5 Base moment
4.3.4.6 hydrodynamic pressure
4.3.4.7 Pressure due to wall inertia

4.3.4.8 maximum hydrodynamic pressure

4.4. Analysis of tank empty condition
4.4.1 Time period
 VI
4.4.2 Design of horizontal seismic coefficient
4.4.3 Base shear
4.4.4 Base moment
4.4.5 Comparison of seismic analysis at different zones
5. CONCLUSION 35
6. REFERENCES 36-37
vii
LIST OF
TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE NUMBER

4.1 POPULATION FORECASTING
13
4.2 COFFICIENT OF MAXIMUM
MOMENT 18
4.3 COMPARISION OF SEISMIC 34
ANALYSIS AT DIFFERENT
SEISMIC ZONES
viii
 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Tank
Generally tanks are used to store various liquid form substances ,which are Petroleum,
Water and Edible oils etc. Majorly tanks are utilized for storage of drinking water purpose.
The main aim of water tank design are to store portable water for a long period of time
and to supply the hygienic water to the community, as well as by maintaining economical
throughout its design period . The water tanks are designed to resist from wind and
earthquake and by maintaining constant desirable PH of water to prevent water from
biological activity .

1.2 Types of tanks

Tanks are classified based on :

1. Location

2. Geometric shape

1.2.1 Based on the location: -

• Elevated water tank
• Tanks are resting on the ground
• Under Ground water tank

1.2.2 Based on the geometric shape: -

• Circular tanks
• Rectangular tanks
• Intze tanks
• Circular tanks with conical bottom
• Square tanks
1.3 Intze tank
In Intze overhead tank usually lower dome are designed to resist the horizontal thrust in order to
minimize the cost of project. This type of tank is easiest form as compare to the circular tank.
A water tank built in accordance with the Intze principle has a brick shaft on which the water
tank sits. The base of Intze tank is fixed with a ring anchor made of iron or steel, S o that only
vertical force , not horizontal forces are transmitted to the tank. Due to the absences of
horizontal forces, the tank shaft doesn’t need to be quite as solidly built. An Intze tank is
1
 defined by its diameter. The main advantages of Intze tank are that the outward thrust from top
of conical part
is resisted by ring beam.

1.4 Seismic analysis

Seismic analysis is a branch of structural engineering, is frequently used to investigate the

effects of earthquakes on buildings and other structures. The seismic analysis is generally
adopted in case of high elevated structures like over head tanks, because of earthquake loads
may cause to collapse the high elevated structures . so, in order to resist or bear the
earthquake load by the high elevated structures we designed as per seismic analysis . In this
analysis we are going to find Time period, Design horizontal coefficient, Base shear, Base
moment and Hydrodynamic pressure.
Generally, seismic parameters are differed from zone to zone . so we are also going to
find seismic analysis at different zones in India and making comparison among them.

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

1. Pavan S. and Jagdish G. Kori et al.,(2013) “When the earthquake occurs, in elevated water
tanks when the earthquake occurs, it causes severe damage to the structure and sometimes it
leads to destruction”. This main due to the inadequate data and knowledge on the moments of
the water tank support system, and also insufficient of the geometric selection of tank
stagging models. The seismic behavior of raised water tanks resembles complicated
phenomena due to fluid structure interactions. The study's major goal is to figure out how the
support system functions.ISSN no :2319-5606 , Volume 2 ,no.8

2. ChetanAgari, V.K Verma& Aman Gupta, (2019) “Seismic analysis of Intze water tank
with www.psychologyandeducation.net different bracing configuration”, International
Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and management, Volume 2, Issue=e 8

3. Dhaval V. Shankhpal,(2018) “ Study and Analysis of Intze Water Tank with manual and
software-based design with base isolation” International Journal of Advanced Engineering
Research and Science, Vol-5, Issue-10.

2
4. Livaoglur . R and DogangumA et al .,(2008) “The consequences of include the bottom in
the elevated system of a fluid tank with a structural framework that supports the reservoir
carrying the fluid were investigated. Six distinct soil types were investigated, as specified by

seismic codes”.

5. Pandey, (2014) In comparison to the working stress approach, the limit state method is now
commonly employed, and it has the following advantages: I Materials are handled differently
depending on their qualities. ii) Loads are handled in accordance with their characteristics. iii)
Structures fail when they reach their limit state, not when they reach their elastic state. In
comparison to a structure developed by working, when structures approach their maximum
state, the cracking width in the structure may be much larger. At the same time, use the stress
strategy. IS: 3370, i.e., the Indian Standard. Specifications for the building of liquid retaining
structures for a long time, structures did not use the limit state design technique.IS:3370, on
the other hand, has chosen the limit state design strategy. Volume 2 no.8., February 2014 .
after taking into account cracking width checks It's been a while IS 3370-2009 has just been
updated to include this information. Code of practice for concrete buildings for liquid storage.

6. Jain and Jaiswal,(2000) recommended a fundamental change to the seismic design of liquid
storage tanks, acknowledging the limits of IS 1893-84, and providing discussion and
illustrations on the changed regulations. They mentioned the changed content in the updated
IS code. it gives the brief idea about the major changes in the updated IS code. It makes easy

to analysis the tank.

7. K. Malhotra,(2010) “In his paper he clearly explains the procedure to find out the seismic
response factor for different height of RCC structures. The convective pressures increasing
while height is increasing”.

8. Jain, S.K., and Sajjad et al.,(2000) A Review of requirements in Indian codes for a seismic
design of Elevated water tanks. The Bridge and structural Engineering, . This main due to the
inadequate data and knowledge on the moments of the water tank support system, and also
insufficient of the geometric selection of tank stagging models.

9. Ayazhussain m. jabar & H.S. Patel et al.,(2012) “Seismic behavior of RC elevated water
tank under different types of staging pattern”. .ijaers / vol-1 , April -june, 2012.

3
10. Asari Falguni, (2012) : Analysis of water Tanks in accordance with IS:1893-2002(Part-II)
Draft code. Indian Concrete Institute Journal. In his journal he mentions detailed steps to
analyse a circular tank.IJAERS/Vol-1/April -june 2012.

CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

4
Data collection

❖ Tank dimension
❖ Top dome & top beam
❖ Tank wall
Design of
❖ Bottom beam
water tank ❖ column & braces
❖ foundation

❖ Analysis for tank empty

condition
seismic analysis ❖ Analysis for tank full
condition

❖ Time period
❖ Design horizontal seismic co-
efficient
❖ Base shear
❖ Base moment
❖ Hydro dynamic pressure

5
3.1 DATA COLLECTION
3.1.1 Population forecasting
The approach of predicting the predicted population over a certain design period of a water
supply system using the study and analysis of future events and historical data is known as
population forecasting.

3.1.2 Methods of forecasting the population

a. Arithmetical Increase Method
b. Geometrical Increase Method
c. Incremental Increase Method
a) Arithmetical Increase method
This technique is based on the premise that population growth is steady. The pace of
population change throughout time is constant.

Pn =P + n*x
b) Geometrical Increase Method
This strategy is based on the premise that the percentage increase in population from
decade to decade remains constant. The average percentage of growth during the previous
few decades is established using this approach, and population projection is done on the
assumption that the percentage rise every decade would be the same.

Pn = P[1 + 𝑟/100]n
c) Incremental Increase Method
This strategy outperforms the previous two. The arithmetic approach is used to calculate the
average population growth, which is then multiplied by the average net incremental
increase for each subsequent decade.
Pn= P + n*X + n(n+1)/2

We took the maximum value of above three methods. Since the arithmetical increase method
and geometrical increase methods give irrelevant population values to city.
We are considering the only incremental increase method population for designing the water
tank
3.2 DESIGN OF TANK

Components of tanks:
• Top dome & top beam
• Tank wall
• Bottom beam
• column & braces
• foundation

6
 3.2.1 DOMES

A dome is formed by spinning a geometrical curve around an axis. Over the large circular areas
domes may provide. Domes are frequently using as roof covers over temples, mosques and
gurudwaras. usually domes are provided in 75mm to 150mm thickness only. Because they are
solely subjected to compressive loads, domes are the most structurally efficient. Water tanks
feature domes with a rise of 1/4 to 1/6 of a span.
Domes are subjected to two types of stresses. They are
1) Meridional thrust
2) Hoop stress

𝑤𝑅 𝑊
Meridional thrust T = + 2

1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 2𝜋𝑅𝑡𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼

1
Hoop stress f =𝑤𝑅[cosθ - ]- 𝑊

𝑡 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 2𝑅𝑡𝑠𝑖𝑛2

3.2.2 Top beam or ring beam

The ring beam must be provided on the cylindrical wall in order to resist the horizontal
component of the thrust of the dome. The ring beam will be built to withstand hoop tension.

Hoop tension in the ring beam (t) = T*cosθ*r

3.2.3 Tank wall

Tank wall is in cylindrical shape, which is used to hold water tightly. This wall is subjected to
the hoop tension caused by horizontal pressure of the water. It should be design properly in
order to resist the pressure caused by the water on vertical wall.

Hydraulic pressure P = ρ*g*h

Hoop tension on the wall = P*D/2
3.2.4 Bottom beam

This beam is placed below the wall. The horizontal component of the response of the conical
wall on the cylindrical wall is resisted by this ring beam. The generated hoop stress will be
accommodated by the ring beam. Ring beam usually supported by four or more columns.
Ring beams convert the uniform load into point load and transfer to column.

Total load carried by the ring beam = W

Radius of the ring beam = r
Maximum sagging moment at mid span (M+) = 2wr2αλ
Maximum hogging moment at support (M-) = -2wr2αλ1

7
 3.2.5 Columns
Columns are vertical load-bearing elements that predominantly carry axial compressive loads.
This structural element transfers the structure's load to the foundation. Beams, floors, and
columns are cast monolithically in reinforced concrete structures. Tensile forces may be
generated over a portion of the column's cross-section due to bending action. Columns are
still referred to as compression members due to the fact that compressive forces dominate
their behavior. Columns are classified into two types,
i. Short RCC column, =< 10 ii.
Long RCC column, > 10 Columns are
design by using the formula

3.2.6 Bracings
Bracing systems are an important component for structures that are frequently subjected to
lateral stresses caused by earthquakes or strong winds. As you are aware, the beams and
columns bear the vertical loads operating on the structures, whilst the bracings bear the lateral
loads occurring on the structures. The bracings will aid in reducing the structures' lateral
deflection. The most typical reason for introducing bracing is to prevent the major beams
from buckling. The tiny weight of the steel bracings adds a significant amount of resistance to
beam bending.
3.3 SEISMIC ANALYSIS
Seismic analysis is a subset of structural analysis that calculates the reaction of a building
structure to earthquakes. In earthquake-prone areas, it is a component of structural design,
earthquake engineering, or structural evaluation and retrofit . there are different parameters to
analyse the tank or building. They are

❖ Time period
❖ Design horizontal seismic co-efficient
❖ Base shear
❖ Base moment
❖ Hydro dynamic pressure

3.3.1 Time period

When a building is subjected to ground shaking in the case of an earthquake, the time period is the
natural period of oscillation. The structure is modelled to be in a state of harmonic oscillation, with a
time period of ten years. Impulsive mode:

Ti
𝑘𝑠
Convective mode:

Tc
𝑔

8
 Cc 2𝜋
𝐷

3.2.7 Damping
Damping in the convective mode for all types of liquids and for all types of tanks shall be
taken as 0.5% of the critical.
Damping in the impulsive mode shall be taken as 2% of the critical of steel tanks and 5% of
the critical for concrete or masonry tanks.

3.2.8 Design horizontal seismic coefficient Design horizontal seismic coefficient, Ah

shall be obtained by the following expression

Ah=𝑍∗𝐼∗𝑆𝑎
2𝑅𝑔

3.2.9 Base shear

The greatest predicted lateral stress on the base of the structure owing to seismic activity is
called base shear. It is determined using the seismic zone, soil material, and lateral force
formulae from the building code.
Base shear of the impulsive mode just above the base of stagging
Vi = (Ah)i(mi+ms) g
And base shear in convective mode is given by
Vc= (Ah)c*mc*g

Total base shear =V*=√𝑣𝑖 ∗2 + 𝑣𝑐 ∗2

3.2.10 Base moment

Overturning moment in impulsive mode, at the base of the staging is given by

Mi*=(Ah)i[mi(h*i+ hs)+mshcg]g
And the overturning the moment in convective mode is given
by M*c= (Ah)c mc(hc*+hs)g

Total moment shall be obtained by combining the moment in impulsive and convective
modes through square of sum of square of sum of the squares and given as follows

3.2.11 Hydrodynamic pressure

During lateral base excitation, tank wall is subjected to lateral hydrodynamic pressure and tank
base is subjected to hydrodynamic pressure in vertical direction

Impulsive hydrodynamic pressure:

9
 Lateral hydrodynamic impulsive pressure on the wall, Piw, is given by
Piw = Qiw(y)(Ah)i𝜌𝑔ℎ cosφ

Qiw(y)=0.866[1-[𝑦]2tanh(0.866𝐷)
ℎ ℎ
Impulsive hydrodynamic pressure in the vertical direction, on base slab (y=0) on a strip of
the length l’, is given bysinh (1.732 ℎ
)𝑋
P = 0.866(A ) ρgh
ib hi
𝑙′
cosh (0.866ℎ)

Convective hydrodynamic pressure

Pcw = Qcw(y)(Ah)cρgD [1-1cos2φ]cosφ

3
𝑦
cosh (3.674 )
𝐷
Qcw(y) = 0.5625
ℎ
cosh (3.674)
𝐷

Pcb= Qcb (X)(Ah)cρgD

Q cb( X) = 1.125[𝑋 − 4 (𝑋)3] sech (3.674 ℎ)

𝐷 3 𝐷 𝐷

3.2.12 Pressure due to wall inertia

Pww = (Ah)it ρmg
3.2.13 Pressure due to wall excitation
Hydrodynamic pressure on tank wall due to vertical ground acceleration,
Pv = (Av)[ρgh(1-y/h) A

h [ ]
3 2𝑅𝑔

3.2.14 Maximum hydrodynamic pressure

P = √(𝑝𝑖𝑤 + 𝑝𝑤𝑤)2 + 𝑝𝑐𝑤2 + 𝑝𝑣 2

10
 CHAPTER 4
RESULTS

4.1 Population forecasting

Year Population(P) Increase(X) Incremental Rate of

Increase(Y) Increase(r%)
1991 581
2001 968 387 66.6
2011 1646 678 291 70
2021 2179 533 -145 32.38
Avg: 533 73
Table 4.1Forecasting population for 2071.

1. Arithmetic method: Pn=

P+n.D
P2071=2179+5(533)
P2071=4844

2. Geometric Increase method: Pn=

P0(1+r/100)n
r= (r1*r2*r3)1/m => (66.6*70*32.38)1/3 => 53.245%
P2071 = 2179 [1+53.245/100]5
P2071 =18416

3. Incremental increase
Pn= PO+ nx + n(n+1) * (±y)/2
11
 = 2179 + 5 * 533+5 * (5+1) (73)/2
= 5939
Considering the incremental increase method population
Calculating the water required for the above population
Per-capita water demand = 135 LPCD
= 135 * 5939
= 801765 LPCD
=80.765 m3
4.2 DESIGN OF TANK
Let the diameter of cylindrical tank D = 14m
Raise of top dome = h1 =1.5m
Thickness of wall 150mm
Assuming the h/d ratio = 0.4
Volume of tank = 802 m3
3.14*D2*h/4 = 802m3 h
= 5.2m

4.2.1 Design of top dome :

Dead load of top dome = 25*0.15
=3.75 KN/m2
Live load = 1.5 KN/m2 (as per is 456-2000)
Total load = L.L+D.L
= 3.75+1.5 =
5.25 KN/m2

 h1(2r1-h1) = (D/2)2
 1.5(2r1-1.5) = (14/2)2
 r1 =17.08m
sinα = (D/2)/r1
=7/17.08
Sinα = 0.411
α = 24’16
 α = 24’16 < 51’48
So whole dome is under hoop compression.

(a) Maximum meridional thrust

 ωr1/(1+cosα)
 5.25*17.08/(1+cos(24’16”))
T = 46.907KN/m per meter run
** domes are efficient as are subjected to compressible only and have less thickness.

12
(b) Meridional stress Stress
= thrust /area
= 46.907/(1*0.15)
 312.72 KN/m2
 0.312 N/mm2 (< 6 N/mm2) refer table-2 (IS-3370 : part -2 -2009)
Permissibleconcretestress in directcompressionfor M25 grade=6N/mm2

Provide minimum reinforcement in each direction radially and circumferentially (hoop)

Minimum ast = 0.35%
= 0.35/100*50*1000
= 525 mm2 per meter run
Spacing (S) = 1000*(∏/4*82)/525 = 95.74 ~ 96mm
Provide 8 mm dia bars @ 96 mm c/c
➢ As perimeter decreases towards crown, the spacing of radial bar decreases zero at crown
and 140 mm at springing level.

4.2.2 Design of top ring beam To

resist hoop tension induced by dome

➢ Hoop tension = (T cosα)*D/2

= ( 46.907 * cos (24’16’))*7
(F) = 299.33 KN
➢ Steel required = 299.33* 103/130 (* permissible stress in stell table table - 4
2
= 2302.53 mm IS 3370(2) – 2009) forfy 415
Provide 11 no -16 dia bars ➢
Direct tensile stress in concrete :

 F/AC+(m-1)Asr
 299.33*103/Ac+(8-1)(Π*162*11/4)=1.3
 Ac=213628.53 mm2
Lets provide 450*500 ring beam , spacing @180mm c/c

4.2.3 Design of vertical wall:-

(a) Hydraulic pressure:- 1000*g*h

= 1000* 9.81* 5.20
= 51012 N/m2

Hoop tension due to hydraulic pressure

= P * D/2
= 51012* 14/2
=357.084 KN/m

13
 Steel required to resist hoop tension

= 357084/130
= 2746.8 mm2 • Provide 14
numbers of 16 diameter bar @ 74 mm
(b) Tensile stress in concrete :

F/( AC +(m-1)) Ast

=357084/(75*1000)+ ( 8-1)2814.86
3.77 N/ mm2
(c) total vertical load = vertical component of thrust + dead load of wall + top ring beam +
top dome dead load
= ( 46.90*sin24o16’) + (25*0.15*5.20) + (25*0.45*0.50) +
(25*0.15*2π*17*1.5)/2π*7
= 58.06 KN
Compressive stress = 58.06/150 = 0.387N/mm2 (compressive stress is less than 6N/mm2 )
(0.387<6N/mm2 =hence safe) Provide
minimum 0.35 % of HYSD steel bars
= 0.35*150*1000/100
= 525mm2

No of bars =Ast/ast
=525/3.14*82
=10 no of bar Provided 10 no of bars @ 96
mm c/c each face.

4.2.4 Design of ring

beam H = 5.2 m 2.8 m
h2 = 1.75 m hu = 2.6 m

As ring beam designed for hoop tension better to have more angle > 450.
As inclination “α” increases T2 increases H2 decreases.

α = tan-1(hu/b)
= tan-1(2.6/3.1)
= 400 h(2R-
h) = (l/2)2
1.75(2R-h) = (7.8/2)2

𝜃 = sin-1( 𝑙 )
R = 5.22 m

2𝑅

𝜃 = 48°. 20° (Dome is under compression)

= sin-1(7.8/2*5.22)

Vertical load coming on ring beam = vertical component of thrust + Dead load of wall and top
ring beam
= 58 KN/m (from circular tank)

14
Assume bottom ring beam size as 450 mm*350 mm
Self weight = 25*0.45*0.35
= 3.375 KN/m
Total vertical load = 58 + 3.375
= 61.375 KN/m
T2 Thrust per meter exerted by conical slab
T2sin α = V2 T2 = V2/sinα
= 61.370/sin40°
= 95.4 KN
Horizontal component of thrust H2 = T2 cosα
= 61.370 cos(40)
= 47.01 KN-m
Hoop tension = H2*D1/2
= 47*13.6/2

Water pressure = 𝜌gh

= 320 KN

= 1000*9.81*2.625
= 25751.25 N/m2
Hoop tension due to water pressure = (25731.25*0.45)*13.6/2
= 52.532 KN
Total hoop tension = 52.532+320 KN
= 372.532 KN
Steel required = 372.5*1000/130 (permissible stress 3370 Part – 2)
= 2865.75 mm2
Provide 6 bars of 25 mm dia
Ast = 6*(𝜋/4)*252
Direct tensile stress in concrete = 1.3 N/mm2
Total load/Act(m-1)Ast = 1.3
372.5*103/b*450(8-1)2945 b = 500 mm and d
= 450 mm
so ring beam size, B = 500 mm, D = 450 mm

4.2.5 Design of Conical slab

l = √2.625 l = 3.712 m self weight of

slab = 25*0.1*3.712*perimeter
= 636 KN
Ww = weight of water on conical slab
= 1000*9.81*Area*Perimeter
= 9810*10.30*32.78
= 3312.189 KN

= ((61.375*π*14)+3312+636)/ π*7.8
Vertical load per meter width = (V2 at B3+Ww+Ws)/2πr

=
Meridional thrust (T3) = V3/cos
15
 = 271.27/cos(90° − 40°)
= 422 KN/mm
Meridional stress (Radial bar) = 422/100
= 4.22 N/mm2 (< 6 N/mm2, safe) (Refer table-2 IS 3370 Part -2)
Provide minimum steel = 0.35*100*1000/100
= 350 mm2
Provide 8 mm bars at 140 mm c/c
Ws = 25*0.1*3.712

Water force on wall (F) = ρgAh

Ws = 9.28 KN m

= 1000*9.581*1*1.372*(2.745+3.712/2sinα)
= 143.4 KN

Hoop tension (horizontal component) = (143.4cos90° + 9.28tan60°)

Force per meter = 143.4 KN/m

= 152.29 KN
Steel required = 152.29*103/130
1171.46 mm2
Provide 12 mm dia bars at 160 mm c/c at both faces
Provide 12 mm dia bars at 50 mm c/c at middle

4.2.6 Design of bottom ring beam

(a) Total dead load = DL of top dome + DL of top ring beam + DL of vertical
wall + DL of slab
=(46.90Sin24o16’+25*0.15*5.20+25*0.45*0.50+(25*0.15*2π*17*1.5)/2π*7) +25*1*0.32 =
66 KN/m.
(b) Hydraulic pressure = mg/2rπ
= (801.7*9.81)/2*7* π
=178.81 KN/m
Total load =178.81+66 =244.81 KN/m
The bottom ring beam is supported by 8 columns with assumed diameter of 700mm

COEFFICIENT OF MAXIMUM MOMENT: -

NO OF 2α λ Λ’ Λ’’ βO
SUPPORTS
4 90O 0.07 0.137 0.021 19.25O
6 60O 0.045 0.089 0.009 12.75O
8 45O 0.033 0.066 0.005 9.5O
10 36O 0.027 0.054 0.003 7.5O
12 30O 0.023 0.043 0.002 6.25O
Table 4.2 Coefficient of maximum moment

16
 (c) Sagging moment at midspan
M+ = 2 ωr2αλ’

M+ = 2*244.08*7.22 *(π*45O)/180* 0.033 M+

=655.88 KNm

(d) Hogging moment at supports

M-= -2 ωr2αλ’
=-2*244.08*7.22 *(π*45O)/180* 0.066
=1311.77 KNm
(e) Maximum torsional moment
T = 2 ωr2αλ’’
= 2*244.08*7.22 *(π*45O)/180*0.005
= 99.37 KNm
Taken maximum value –ve (Hogging) =1311.77*106Nmm

Moment(M) =0.138fck bd2

1311.77*106 *1.5=0.138*25*750*d2
D =800 mm

Area of steel reinforcement: Longitudinal reinforcement

1.5*M =0.87*fck*Ast(d-(0.87fck*Ast)/(0.36fck*b)
1.5*1311.77*106=0.87*25*Ast(800-(0.87*25*Ast)/(0.36*25*750)) Ast=7093.83
mm2

AstMinimum =(0.85*bd)/fy
= (0.85*800*750)/415
=1228.91 mm2
Ast<AstMinimum

No of bars = 7093.83/314.15
=18 no of bars dia of 20 mm
As depth exceeds 450 mm provide 0.1%steel to hold stirrups

Along vertical sides =0.1*750*800/100

= 600 mm2 Provided 6 bars of
12 mm dia on vertical side faces

17
(f) Transverse steel reinforcement :- Ast
% = 18*π*202/4*750*800
= 1.07%
(As per IS 456:2000 table 23 ,page 84)
τc= 0.4 N/mm2

Shear force (V) = ( load * span/ 2* no.of columns )

= 244.08*2 π*7/2*8
= 670.9 KN
τv=(V+1.6(T/b))/bd
= ( 670.9*103+1.6(101*103/750))/750*800
= 1.11 N/ mm2
Provide 30mm cover top and bottom of beam
Area of transverse steel (Asv ) =( T/b1d1)+(V/2.5d1)*SV/0.875*fy
2*π*102/4 = ((101*103/690*740)+(244.08*103/2.5*740))*Sv/0.87*415
Spacing of stirrups (Sv) = 420 mm
Providing 2 legged 10 mm dia bars @ spacing of 420 mm c/c

Ast min (Asv) = ((τv– τc)/σsv)*bsv

2* π*102/4 = ((1.01 – 0.4 )/0.87*415)*750*Sv
Sv= 123 mm
Asv min<Asv
Hence, provided 2 legged stirrups 10 mm dia bars @ 420 mm c/c

4.2.7 Design of Column :-

Column should be designed by direct loads coming upon them and B.M caused by wind
loads.

Total weight of the tank = weight of water + weight of tank + bottom ring beam weight
= 7626.16 + 82.77*25 + 0.45*0.5*1*25
= 9701.035 KN
Load per each column = 9701.035/8=1212.62 KN
Assume total length of column from the bottom of the ring beam to top of plinth level=12m
Length of each column = 4m
Assume providing diameter of column= 700mm
Weight of column = π/4(0.7)2 *16*25
= 58.90 KN
Total load on column = 1212.62 + 58.9
= 1271.52 KN

SLENDERNESS RATIO (λ) = effective length /least lateral dimension.

18
 (Both ends are
fixed) = 0.65*4/0.7 = 3.714<12.

Hence it is a short column.

Eccentricity (e) =L/500 +D/30
Minimum (e)<0.005D

As =1% of Ag (As per clause 26.5.3.1.a) As =0.01

Ag
Pu =0.45fck *Ac+0.67fy*Asc
1271.5*1.5*103
=0.45*25*(Ag0.01Ag)+0.67*415*0.01Ag Ag
= 137034.77 mm2
(137034.77) =π/4*D2
D = 417.70 mm = 420 mm
Providing dia meter of column = 420 mm
Assume cover (d1) =50 mm
Now (d1/D) ratio =50/420 =0.11 (comparison of bending for SP-16 chart-56)

4.2.7.1 Non dimensional parameters

Y-AXIS

PU/fck D2 = 1907*103/25*4202
= 0.432
Mu =Pu *e = 1907*0.026 = 49.58 KN m

X-AXIS

MU/fck D3 =49.58*106/ 25 *4203 =0.0267

Now we get P/fck=0.04
P = fck*0.04
P = 25*0.04 =1
Ast = P πd2/400
Ast 1 π*4202/400
Ast = 1385.44 mm2
Now using 20 mm dia of bars
No of bars required =Ast/ast
No of bars = 1385.44/( π*202/40 ) = 6
Provide 6 bars of 20mm diameter

4.2.7.2 Design of lateral ties (page : 49 –IS 456 -2000)

( 1 ) Dia of ties >1/4 *202 = 5 mm

19
Use 6mm diameter of lateral ties

Now spacing (PAGE : 49 –IS 456 -2000)

Least lateral dimension =500 mm 16

mm diameter 3) 300 mm Minimum
of the above

Provided 6 mm diameter of bars 300mm c/c as lateral ties

4.2.8 Design of bracings

Calculation of length of brace (L)

Length of each brace L = R

Each angle of polygon = (No of sides of column – 2)*1800

= (8– 2)*1800

= 1350

Tan ϴ/2 = L1/h1 – L1 (h1 = Height of column junction from base)

Tan 1350/2 = L1/4.25 – L1

L1= 2.98 m (L1 = Length of brace from adjacent columns)

Clear length of each brace = 2.98 – 0.7 = 2.28 m

Assume the brace beam of size 0.3*0.6 m

Weight of each brace = 0.3*0.6*2500 =1116 N

Total height of structure = 12+0.8+0.32+5.2+1.2+0.2+0.3

= 20.2 m

Location of overhead tank : TELANGANA

VILL: Balaji Ankoda (Latitude & longitude 19.47250N &79.78200E)

Terrain category 2
Vb= 44 m/s (Table 1) IS 875 PART - 3
K1= 0.1
Mean probable design life 50 years
(Table 2) IS 875 PART - 3
20
Terrain category 2
Height of structure = 20.2 m
K2 = 1.07
K3 = 1 ( Plain topography ) Wind
pressure = 0.6* Vb2
= 0.6* 442 = 116.6 N/m2
Let the shape factor of circular tank = 0.7
The brace will be subjected to critical combination of maximum shear force and twisting
moment (Mt) when wind blows parallel to it.
M25 Grade concrete
Ϭcbc = 8.5 N/mm2
Ϭst= 230 /mm2
Equating the moment of area at NA
½*b*(0.288d)2 +8.33*pdb(0.288d – 0.1d) = 0
From which p = 8.168*10-3
%p = 0.8168%
Since the brace is subjected both bending moment and twisting moment.
Meq = MT +M

Meq= ( Qw1h1+ Qw2h2 )*cos2ϴ*sin(ϴ+π/n)/nsin2π/n + T/1.7(1+D/B) Meq=

255394.18+11445.6
Meq = 277836.55 Nm

In order to find the depth of the section equate moment of resistance of section to external
moment.
Modular ratio (m) = 280/3ϭcbc
= 280/3*8.5
= 10.88
C1 = compression at steel level
= 10.88*(0.288−0.1) ∗𝑑
0.288∗𝑑

Meq= b*xa* c/2*(d-xa/2) + (m-1)*c1*(d-d1)

0.288∗𝑑

d=480mm
adopt D = 480+50 =520
21
Ast = p*b*D = 8.1*10-3*300*530 =
1287.90mm2
No.of bars of 20mm dia = 1287.90/π/4*202 = 5 no.of bars. Provide
5 no.of 20mm bars each top and bottom

As/bD *100 = 0.9%

Max shear in brace beam = (Qw 1h1+ Qw2h2)*cos2ϴ*sin(ϴ+π/n)/nsin2π/n)Sb max

= 116199.08 N
Ve = v+1.6*T/b
= 116199.08 + 1.6*1144.6/300
= 177242.3 N τc=
0.4%
Hence transverse reinforcement is necessary
Sv= 𝐴sv∗𝜎sv∗𝑑1
𝑣𝑡
2.5

b1 = 300-(25 *2)-20
= 230mm
d1 = 530 - 50-20
= 460mm
Using 12mm diameter two legged stirrups
Asv = 2*π/4 *122
= 226mm2
Asv = 0.847

𝑠𝑣
Sv = 579.49mm

Spacing should not exceed x1,300,(x1+y1)/4.

X1 =230+20+12

= 262mm

Y1 =460 +20+12

= 492mm

(X1+Y1)/4 = 187.5mm

Hence provided 12mm diameter of stirrups @ 180mm c/c.

22
D>450 mm Hence provide side face reinforcement of 0.1%.

Asl

Provide 10mm diameter No.of side reinforcement =220/𝜋 3Provide side

reinforcement of 3 bars of 10mm diameter each face of brace beam.
4.3 TANK PARAMETERS

1. Top dome thickness = 100 mm

2. Cylindrical Wall thickness = 200 mm
3. Top ring beam = 300*400 mm
4. Bottom ring beam = 450*500 mm
5. Bottom circular beam = 550*600 mm
6. Column diameter = 420 mm
7. Bracing = 450*480 mm
8. Bottom dome thickness = 100 mm
9. Conical dome thickness = 100 mm
10. Top diameter of tank = 14000 mm
11. Bottom diameter of tank = 7800 mm

NOTE : All dimesions are in mm

ELEVATION

23
 3578,81

PLAN OF STAGING

4.3.1 Weights of components :

1. Dome or top Roof slab = 3πr2*t*ϒ

= 606.25 KN
2. Cylindrical wall = 278.5 KN

3. Top ring beam = π *13.9*0.3*0.4*25 = 131 KN

4. Bottom ring beam = π*14.4*0.75*0.7*25
= 585.51 KN
5. Columns = ( π*0.422*11.7*8*25)/4
= 384.50 KN
6. Bracings = 0.45*0.48*16*25*2.328
= 201.13 KN
7. Bottom dome = 109.25 KN
8. Conical dome = 746.5KN
9. Bottom circular beam = π*0.55*0.6*25*7.9
= 204.25 KN
10. Mass of water = 77737.10 KG
11. Weight of water = π*142*5.05*9.81
=7626.16 KN

12. Weight of empty container = 109.25+746.5+204.25+248.28+131+278+606.25

= 2324.53KN
Weight of staging = 324.19+ 201.13
= 525.32KN

Hence weight of container + 1/3 of weight of staging

= 2499.63 KN
(ms) = 2499.63*(1000/9.81)
= 254804.96 KN

24
 PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION DIAGRAM OF INTZE TANK

4.3.2 Centre of gravity of empty container

Floor beam,floor slab, roof slab and wall are comes under the components of empty tank.
CG of an empty container = 3.30
4.3.3 Lateral stiffness of staging
Lateral stiffness of staging is defined as force required to be applied at the CG of tank, so as to
get corresponding unit deflection.
Finite element software is used to model the staging.Modulus of elasticity of M25 grade concrete
is obtained as 5000 25000 Mpa
From the analysis deflection of CG of tank due to an arbitrary 10 KN force is obtained as
1.2 mm.
Thus the lateral stiffness of one frame of staging
= 10/0.0012 = 8333.3KN/m

4.3.4 Parameters of spring mass model

𝐷
𝑚𝑖 tanh(0.866ℎ)
0.866
𝑚
�
• = ℎ
13.6
𝑚 tanh (0.866 )

𝑚 𝑖 0.866 5.2

𝑚𝑖 = 338249.78 Kg
=

• ℎ𝑖 = 0.375 for h/d ≤0.75

= 0.5- 0.09375ℎ *0.125 for h/d > 1.33

25
 𝑑

ℎ𝑖 = 1.95 𝑚

• 𝑚𝑚𝑐 = 0.23 tanh (3.68ℎ𝑑 𝐷

5.2
tanh(3.6813.6)
𝑚 𝑐 = 0.23 5.2
𝑚
13.6
𝑚𝑐 = 478896.63 𝐾𝑔

𝑐 = 1 −cosh(3.68
ℎ3.68 𝐷
)−1
ℎ
sinh(3.68 )
•
𝐷

5.2𝐷
𝑐

= 1 − 3.68
𝐷 13.6
ℎ𝑐 = 2.958 𝑚

• 𝑘 = 0.836 𝑚𝑔tanh
2
(3.68ℎ)
𝑠
ℎ 𝐷

�
� 𝑠

𝑘𝑔 𝑚
𝑘𝑠 = 8333333.3
𝑠𝑒𝑐

𝑚
𝐷

26
 • 0.125 *h for h/D≤ 1.33
= 0.45 for h/D > 1.33

4.3.4.1 Time period

Impulsive mode:

Ti
𝑘𝑠

Ti
Ti = 1.676 sec

Convective mode:

Tc
𝑔

Cc 2𝜋
𝐷

=√ 2𝜋

Cc

Tc

Tc = 4.085 sec

27
 4.3.4.2 Damping
Damping in the convective mode for all types of liquids and for all types of tanks shall be taken
as 0.5% of the critical .
Damping in the impulsive mode shall be taken as 2% of the critical of steel tanks and 5% of the
critical for concrete or masonry tanks.

4.3.4.3 Design horizontal seismic coefficient Design horizontal seismic coefficient,

Ah shall be obtained by the following expression

Ah
2𝑅𝑔

For convective mode

𝑍∗𝐼∗𝑆

z = 0.16 ( zone II)

2𝑅𝑔 I = 1.5
Sa/g = 0.33 for moderate soils

For impulsive mode

(Ah)i=𝑍∗𝐼∗𝑆𝑎
2𝑅𝑔

(Ah)i= 0.054
4.3.4.4 Base shear
Base shear of the impulsive mode just above the base of stagging
Vi = (Ah)i(mi+ms)
Vi = 0.054*(338249.78+254804.96)*9.81
Vi = 314.16 KN
And base shear in convective mode is given by
Vc= (Ah)c*mc*g
Vc= 0.0221*478896.63*9.81
Vc= 103.82KN

Total base shear V*

V*=√314.16∗2 + 103.81∗2
V* = 330.87 KN

28
4.3.4.5 Base moment Overturning moment in impulsive mode , at the base of
the staging is give by

Mi*=(Ah)i[mi(h*i+ hs)+mshcg]g
Mi*=0.054[338249(0.75+ 12.3)+(254804.96*15.6)]*9.81
Mi*= 4444.904 KNm
And the overturning the moment in convective mode is give by
M*c= (Ah)c mc(hc*+hs)g
M*c= 0.0221* 478896.63*(4.9+12.3)*9.81
M*c= 1785.79 KNm
Total moment shall be obtained by combining the moment in impulsive and convective modes
through square of sum of square of sum of the squares and given as follows

M*=√𝑀𝑖∗2 + 𝑀𝑐∗2

M*=
M*= 4789.75 KNm

4.3.4.6 Hydrodynamic pressure

Impulsive hydrodynamic pressure:

Lateral hydrodynamic impulsive pressure on the wall ,Piw, is given by
Piw = Qiw(y)(Ah)i𝜌𝑔ℎ cosφ
Maximum pressure occur at φ =0
At the base of the wall (y = o) Qiw(y)=0.866[1-[𝑦]2tanh(0.866𝐷)
ℎ ℎ
0 2
Qiw(y)=0.866[1-[ ] tanh(0.86613.6 )
5.2 5.2

Qiw(y)=0.8475
Impulsive pressure at base of the wall (y = 0)
Piw = 0.8475*0.054*1000 ∗ 9.81 ∗ 5.2 *1
Piw =2.33 KN/m2

Impulsive hydrodynamic pressure on the base slab ( y = 0)

29
Pib= (0.866 (Ah)iρghsinh(0.866x/L))/cosh(0.866l’/h)
Pib= (0.866* 0.054*1000*9.81*5.2 sinh(0.866*13.6/2*5.2))/cosh(0.866*13.6/2*5.2) Pib=
1.94 KN/ m2

Convective hydrodynamic pressure

Pcw = Qcw(y) (Ah)cρgD[1-cos2φ]cosφ

𝑦
cosh (3.674 )
𝐷ℎ
Qcw(y) = 0.5625 )
cosh (3.674
𝐷

Maximum pressure will occur at 𝜑 = 𝑜

At the base of the wall (y = 0)
0
cosh (3.674
)
13.6
Qcw(y) = 0.5625
cosh
(3.674 )

Qcw(y) = 0.26
Convective pressure at the base of wall

Pcw(y=0) =0.26*0.0221*1000*9.81*13.6*[1-1cos20]cos0
3
2
= 0.513 KN/m
At y = h
Qcw(y=h)= 0.5625
Convective pressure at y = h
Pcw (y = h) = 0.5625*0.0221*1000*9.81*13.6*0.67*1 Pcw
= 1.11 KN/m2

Convective hydrodynamic pressure on the base slab (y = 0)

Pcb= Qcb (X)(Ah)cρgD

Qcb (X) = 1.125[𝑋 − 4 (𝑋)3] sech (3.674 ℎ)

𝐷 3 𝐷 𝐷
Qcb(X) = 1.125[ − ( ) ] sech
𝐷 4 𝐷 3
(3.674 5.2

𝐷 3 𝐷 Qcb(X) =
0.1736

Pcb= Qcb (X)(Ah)cρgD

30
 Pcb= 0.1736*(Ah)cρgD0.0221*1000*9.81*13.6 Pcb=0.51
KN/m2

4.3.4.7 Pressure due to wall inertia

Pww = (Ah)it ρmg
Pww = 0.054*0.1*9.81*25 Pww
= 0.135 KN/m2

Sloshing wave height :

Maximum sloshing wave height = (Ah)c. R.D/L
= 0.0221 *1.8*13.6/3 =0.270

4.4 ANALYSIS FOR TANK EMPTY CONDITION

4.4.1 Time period

Impulsive mode:

Ti
𝑘𝑠

Ti

Ti= 1.096 sec

• Empty tank will not contain convective mode of vibration.
4.4.2 Design horizontal seismic coefficient

(Ah)i=𝑍∗𝐼∗𝑆𝑎
2𝑅𝑔

(Ah)I =0.082

4.4.3 Base shear

Vi = (Ah)i(ms)*g

= 0.082*254804.96*9.81
31
 = 204.97 KN

4.4.4 Base moment

Mi*=(Ah)i[mshcg]g
Mi*=0.082[254804.96*15.6]*9.81
Mi*= 3197.53 KN-m

32
4.5 COMPARISION OF SEISMIC ANALYSIS AT DIFFERENT SEISMIC
ZONES :

S.NO ZONES ZONE -2 ZONE-3 ZONE-4 ZONE-5

I. Seismic coefficient 0.1 0.16 0.24 0.36

II. Design horizontal

seismic coefficient
1. Impulsive 0.34 0.054 0.081 0.121
2. convective 0.014 0.0221 0.033 0.05

III. Base shear

1. Impulsive 197.86 314.16 417.24 703.96
2. convective 65.77 103.82 155.03 234.8

IV. Base moment

1. Impulsive 2798.82 4444.40 6666.6 9958.7
2. convective 1131.27 1785.79 2666.57 4040.25

V. Hydrodynamic
pressure on wall
1. Impulsive 1.469 2.33 3.5 5.23
2. convective 0.325 0.513 0.766 1.16

VI. Hydrodynamic
pressure on slab
1. Impulsive 1.219 1.94 2.90 4.339
2. convective 0.324 0.511 0.764 1.158

VII.
Pressure due to wall 0.085 0.135 0.2025 0.3025
inertia
VIII. Slashing wave height 0.171 0.270 0.404 0.612

CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION

33
 1. The wall designed with the thickness of 200 mm is safe for an over head water tank
of capacity 802 m3 .
2. Bottom Ring beams designed to withstand the loads coming from above are found to
be safe.
3. The staging of 8 no of columns of 420 mm diameter and bracing with dimensions of
450*480 mm is found to be safe.
4. The total base shear values for tank full and tank empty conditions obtained for zone
III for the overhead 9 intze tank is 330.87kN and 204.97 kN respectively.
5. The total base moment values for tank full and empty conditions for the over head
intze water tank in zone III is found to be 4789.75 kN-m and 3197.53 kN-m
6. The hydrodynamic pressure on the wall for the intze over head water tank in zone III
for impulsive and convective is found to be 2.33 kN/m 2 and 0.513 kN/m2
respectively.
7. The hydrodynamic pressure on the slab for the intze over head water tank in zone III
for impulsive and convective is found to be 1.94 kN/m 2 and 0.511 kN/m2
respectively.
8. Total base shear, base moment in tank full condition is 1.61 and 1.49 times than tank
empty condition respectively.
9. The Total base moment with respect to zone II , zone III increased by 1.58 times ,
zone IV increased by 2.37 times and zone V increased by3.56 times.
10. The Total base shear with respect to zone II , zone III increased by 1.58 times , zone
IV increased by 2.13 times and zone V increased by3.55 times.
11. Total base shear and base moment are observed to be more in tank-full analysis than
that in tank empty condition. Therefore, the design will be governed by tank full
condition.
12. Above all parameters are done in different seismic zones and made comparison
among them .

CHAPTER 6 REFERENCES
1. ChetanAgari, V.K Verma& Aman Gupta (2019) “Seismic analysis of intze water tank
witH www.psychologyandeducation.net different bracing configuration”, International
Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and management, Volume 2, Issue=e 8

2. Dhaval V. Shankhpal,(2018), “ Study and Analysis of Intze Water Tank with manual and
software-based design with base isolation” International Journal of Advanced
Engineering Research and Science, Vol-5, Issue-10.

3. Issar Kapadia, Nilesh Dholiya, Purav Patel and Prof. Nikunj Patel (2017) “Parametric
study of RCC staging (support structure) for overhead water tanks as per IS: 3370”,
IJAERD, Volume 4, Issue 1, January -2017.

4. Kaviti Harsha, (2015),” Seismic Analysis and Design of IntzeType Water Tank”
International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering, Vol 2, Issue 3.

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5. Ranjit Singh Lodhi, (2014), “Design of Tank in Perspective of Revision of IS:3370”
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Vol 3, Issue No. 9, pp
1193-1197.
6. Pavan S. and Jagdish G. Kori..,(2013) “When the earthquake occurs, in elevated water
tanks when the earthquake occurs, it causes severe damage to the structure and
sometimes it leads to destruction”. This main due to the inadequate data and knowledge
on the moments of the water tank support system, and also insufficient of the geometric
selection of tank stagging models. The seismic behavior of raised water tanks resembles
complicated phenomena due to fluid structure interactions. The study's major goal is to
figure out how the support system functions.ISSN no :2319-5606 , Volume 2 ,no.8
7. Ayazhussain m. jabar & H.S. Patel et al..,(2012) “Seismic behavior of RC elevated water
tank under different types of staging pattern. .ijaers / vol-1 , April -june, 2012”.

Code books:-
➢ Is 1893 – 2016 code for Seismic
➢ Is 3370 – 1965 code for concrete structures for storage of liquids
➢ Is 11682 – 1985 code for RCC staging of structures
Text books:-
❖ Dayaratnam.P – Design of Reinforced concrete structures
❖ Sayal& Goel Reinforced Concrete structure
❖ Design of reinforced concrete structures by S. Ramamrutham

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