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    AKBAR

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    mkumar.mk201

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    AKBAR

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    mkumar.mk201
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    AKBAR

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    mkumar.mk201

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    Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar[9] (15 October 1542[a] – 27 October 1605),[12][13]

    [14]
    popularly known as Akbar the Great,[15] and also as Akbar I (Persian pronunciation: [ak.baɾ]),[16] was
    the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun,
    under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor expand and consolidate Mughal
    domains in the Indian subcontinent. He is generally considered one of the greatest emperors in
    Indian history and led a successful campaign to unify the various kingdoms of Hindūstān or India
    proper.[17][18]

    Akbar gradually enlarged the Mughal Empire to include much of the Indian subcontinent through
    Mughal military, political, cultural, and economic dominance. To unify the vast Mughal state, Akbar
    established a centralised system of administration and adopted a policy of conciliating conquered
    rulers through marriage and diplomacy. To preserve peace and order in a religiously and culturally
    diverse empire, he adopted policies that won him the support of his non-Muslim subjects, including
    abolishing the sectarian tax and appointing them to high civil and military posts.

    Under Akbar, Mughal India developed a strong and stable economy, which tripled in size and wealth,
    leading to commercial expansion and greater patronage of an Indo-Persian culture. Akbar's courts
    at Delhi, Agra, and Fatehpur Sikri attracted holy men of many faiths, poets, architects, and artisans,
    and became known as centres of the arts, letters, and learning. Timurid and Perso-Islamic culture
    began to merge and blend with indigenous Indian elements into a distinct style of Mughal arts,
    including painting and architecture. Disillusioned with orthodox Islam and perhaps hoping to bring
    about religious unity within his empire, Akbar promulgated Din-i Ilahi, a syncretic creed derived
    mainly from Islam and Hinduism as well as elements of Zoroastrianism and Christianity.

    Akbar was succeeded as emperor by his son, Prince Salim, later known as Jahangir.

    Early years
    After Mughal Emperor Humayun was defeated at Chausa (1539) and Kannauj (1540) by the forces
    of Sher Shah Suri, Humayun fled westward to modern-day Sindh.[19] There, he met and married the
    14-year-old Hamida Banu Begum, daughter of Shaikh Ali Akbar Jami, a Persian teacher of
    Humayun's younger brother Hindal Mirza. Jalal ud-din Muhammad Akbar was born to them the next
    year on 25 October 1542[a] (the fifth day of Rajab, 949 AH)[14] at the Rajput
    Fortress of Amarkot in Rajputana (in modern-day Sindh), where his parents had been given refuge
    by the local Hindu ruler Rana Prasad

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