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Defintion of Philosophy
Definition = Lat. = define = is to put limit
2 Kinds of Definition
- Nominal Definition
- Real Definition
Nominal Definition > “ nomen”
> Etymology
> Biology > living Organism
Greek “bio” = life
> “logos” = Study
> Theology – study about God
> Greek “theo” means God and “logos” means Study
> Philosophy – “philos” + “sophia” means LOVE OF WISDOM
- Friendship
- Love
A. Meaning/Definition of Philosophy
- it is believe that philosophy is a quest for a personal outlook or personal lifestyle concerning
the wholeness
A.2 Real definition of Philosophy
- philosophy is a science. A science is a bodu of evidenced truth or knowledge which is arranged

systematically and is expressed with precision and completeness. It investigates and presents evidenced
“ PHILOSOPHIA EST SCIENTIA RATIONALIS OMNIUM RERUM PER SUPREMAS CAUSAS”
“ Philosophy is a rational science of all things through the supreme or ultimate cause.”
1. Obiectum Material ( Material Object ): Scope of the study = omnium rerum
2. Obiectum Formale “Quod” ( Formal Object “Quod” ): the special or immediate viewpoint or
angle from which a thing is considered = per supremas causes
3. Obiectum Formale “Quo” ( Formal Object “Quo” ): the particular intellectual light by which it is
attainded = lumen rationalis naruralis
B. The Origin of Philosophy – The three Philosophical Traditions

1. Indian/Hindu
2. Chinese
3. Greek
The Theoritical root – more on ideas
1. A methodic exercise of the faculty of Institution – Indian

2. A methodic exercise of the faculty of Reason – Chinese
3. A methodic exercise of practical reason – Greek
C. The Cause of Philosophy

- cause refers to anything that contributes to the production of any reality (while Reason refers
to that, which in any manner, contributes to the explanation or understanding of any reality.
The cause of Philosophy is WONDER “ thauma” in Greek
Wonder
- burder some
- meaningless
- unbearable
- Despair
- suicide
St. Pope John II – “ Fides et ratio”
“Without WONDER, men and women would lapse into deadening routine and little by little would
become incapable of a life which is genuinely personal”
WONDER is the beginning of Philosophy; It is the beginning of QUESTIONING the “WHY?” behind the
universe.
WONDER is normally expressed a question. A correct question is that which hits the target or that which
is censible. It has a direction which is rooted in a reality that serves as the point of interestin the
discussion.
BENEFITS OF PHILOSOPHY
1. Philosophy enable us to understand ourselves better.

2. Philosophy help us to understand others.
3. Philosophy help us understand other way of thinking or perspective
4. Philosophy help us to understand the world and our role and place in it.
5. Philosophy help us to understand the significance meaning, value, and finality of human life.
6. Philosophy help us to know and understand God in His nature, essence, activity and attributes.
E. Branches of Philosophy
- Philosophy has been defined as a study seeks to uncover the nature, root, and meaning of life, being
reality ( metaphysics ), ethics, and knowledge.
Metaphysics
- Is considered as the most abstract and the highest among the branches of Philosophy
- Is the branch of philosophy that examines the basic structure of reality. It is often characterized
as first philosophy, implying that it is more fundamental than other forms of philosophical
inquiry. Metaphysics is traditionally seen as the study of mind-independent features of the
world, but some modern theorists understand it as an inquiry into the conceptual schemes that
underlie human thought and experience.
Logic
- Is a science and art of correct thinking and reasoning.

- is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the
study of deductively valid inferences or logical truths. It examines how conclusions follow from
premises due to the structure of arguments alone, independent of their topic and content.
Informal logic is associated with informal fallacies, critical thinking, and argumentation theory.
Informal logic examines arguments expressed in natural language while formal logic uses formal
language. When used as a countable noun, the term "a logic" refers to a logical formal system
that articulates a proof system. Logic plays a central role in many fields, such as philosophy,
mathematics, computer science, and linguistics.
Epistemology
- a science that is most related to the discipline of logic because it deals with the invalidity of
knowledge.
- It studies the nature, origin, and scope of knowledge, epistemic justification, the rationality of
belief and various related issues. Debates in contemporary epistemology are generally clustered
around four core areas.
Ethics
- is the branch of Philosophy that deals with human action whether good or bad, right or wrong
acceptable and unacceptable, justifiable or unjustifiable
- is the philosophical study of moral phenomena. Also called moral philosophy, it investigates
normative questions about what people ought to do or which behavior is morally right. The
main branches of ethics include normative ethics, applied ethics, and metaethics.
Cosmology
- is a philosophical study of universe, Its principles and causes.

- 'the universe, the world' and λογία (logia) 'study of') is a branch of physics and metaphysics
dealing with the nature of the universe, the cosmos.
Theodicy ( Rational Theology ) Theo “ God “ and dice “ justice”
- is a philosophical study of a supreme being or a simple called GOD. It tires to unfold the nature
of a being that is perfect, omniscient and omnipotent.
Rational Psychology
- is a philosophical study that deals with the principles with underlying human behavior.
Aesthetics
- deals with the essence of beuty. It also discuss the standard by which beauty may be
categorizedand this is most especially seen in valuing

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Defintion of Philosophy

Definition = Lat. = define = is to put limit

Nominal Definition > “ nomen”

> Biology > living Organism

Greek “bio” = life

> “logos” = Study

> Theology – study about God

> Greek “theo” means God and “logos” means Study

> Philosophy – “philos” + “sophia” means LOVE OF WISDOM

A.2 Real definition of Philosophy

- philosophy is a science. A science is a bodu of evidenced truth or knowledge which is arranged

“ PHILOSOPHIA EST SCIENTIA RATIONALIS OMNIUM RERUM PER SUPREMAS CAUSAS”

B. The Origin of Philosophy – The three Philosophical Traditions

The Theoritical root – more on ideas

1. A methodic exercise of the faculty of Institution – Indian

C. The Cause of Philosophy

The cause of Philosophy is WONDER “ thauma” in Greek

St. Pope John II – “ Fides et ratio”

1. Philosophy enable us to understand ourselves better.

- Is a science and art of correct thinking and reasoning.

- is a philosophical study of universe, Its principles and causes.

Theodicy ( Rational Theology ) Theo “ God “ and dice “ justice”

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