UNIT 5

Opener
Home & materials
1. What are some common building materials used for construction?
Some common building materials used for construction are: steel, glass, metal,
stone, cement, mud and clay, brick, …

2. Is wood or concrete more environmentally friendly? Why?

It’s wood.
Because the manufacturing process for wood and concrete is different, using wood
creates a much smaller carbon footprint than concrete.

5A
Recycling
1. Do you recycle at home? Give examples of things you have recycled?
Yes, I do.
I recycled cardboard boxes , plastic bottles and wrapping paper. Recently, I take
part in exchanging plastic bottles and paper for plants or flowers.
2. How can recycling help the environment?
Recycling prevents emissions of many greenhouse gases , water pollutants and
saves energy. Using recovered materials will create less solid waste. Recycling
helps reduce pollution, tackle climate change.
3. What are some ways to encourage others to recycle?
We can add to recycling bins to public areas. The easiest way to encourage
recycling is to make it easy! Additionally, we need to educate our community
about recycling and its benefits. We should form a recycling club or participate in
cleaning project.

4. What materials can be recycled?

The materials can be recycled such as: cardboard, paper, batteries, plastic, metal,
steel, glass bottles, organic matter.

5. What can happen if we don’t recycle?

Thing that can happen when we don't recycle is increase in pollution, waste
energy,negative contribution to climate change, negative economic impacts, loss
of biodiversity, and negative social impacts.

5B
Environment
1. Are there any environmental problems in your country?
Vietnam is a developing country, the problem of environmental pollution is very
serious. These include water pollution, air pollution, littering, and deforestation .
Causing many problems such as natural disasters, floods, landslides….

2. Do you and your family take steps to help the environment?

Yes, we do.
We try to do as much as we can. We choose reusable over single-use, separate
waste, use fewer chemicals.

3. How often do you read news about the environment? Is it always bad news?
I often read information about the environment. And it's mostly bad news like air
pollution, climate change, global warming, and deforestation. It's sad to always
hear bad news about the environment.

4. Do you have any good news about the environment in your country?
Yes, I do.
The goverment has policies to protect the environment. More and more young
people are joining hands to protect the environment, forests are planted and
strongly protected, wastewater from factories is treated better.

5C
Changing behavior
1. Have you ever done anything to protect the environment?
Yes, I have done.
I always try to do my part in protecting the environment. For example, I recycle as much
as possible and I avoid using single-use plastics. Moreover, I try to spread awareness
about environmental issues among my friends and family.

2. Do you think people are becoming more or less concerned about the environment
these days? Why?
I think people are becoming more concerned about the environment these days. With the
impact of climate change and other environmental issues, I think people are starting to
realize the importance of taking care of our planet.

3. What can be done to encourage people to protect the environment?

I think we should raise awarness about the environmental problem. When
everyone are aware of prolems, they can make change in their own lives to protect
the environment.

5D
Shopping online
1. What kinds of things do people in your country often buy from online shops?
People often buy clothes, cosmetics, foods, electronic appliances, home
appliances, TV, smartphones, and fashionable items, among many other things.

2. Why has online shopping become so popular in many countries?

Online shopping has become so popular in many countries because of several
reasons. The main reason is very convenient. Besides, shopping online is easy to
use, often offer big discouts. Finally, people can check and compare the prices of
their products quickly and easily before making a decision.

3. What are some possible disadvantages of buying things from online shops?
Buying from online shops has some disadvantages. For example, when we buy
something from online shops, we may not actually get all the correct information
about the quality of the product. Besides, the products are priced too high, unlike
the images we saw to decide to buy.

5E
Emails
1. What do most people in your country use email for?
In Vietnam, email is used for many work-related and personal purposes. For example,
businesses and companies will respond to customer questions and requests via email.
Personal users send and receive photos, short videos, and files or documents.

2. When would you send emails to others?

I usually send emails when it's work-related. Sometimes, when I register about
some programss, course and I cannot contact the provider or organizer, I will have
to contact them via email.

3. Do you think it is better to send an email or a text message?

I think it’s better to send an email/
Because email is more formal and professional. Email is more secure than
text messages, so if you need to send sensitive information, email is a better
choice.

4. Is sending emails popular among teenagers in your country? Why/ Why not?
I think emailing is not as popular as texting. Because email is not as quick and
popular as texting, teenagers will often use text messages.
5F
Solar panels
1. Do you think buying solar panels for your home is a good investment?
Yes,
Solar panels saved energy and increased home value, it freezes
your electricity rate in rapidly rising energy costs.

2. Why aren’t all houses in hot countries fitted with solar panels?
Because the cost to install solar panels can be high.
Another reason is that solar panels need a lot of space and sunlight to produce
enough energy to power a home.
Additionally, some homeowners mayn’t be aware of the benefits of solar panels.

3. What are the pros and cons of solar energy?

Some pros of solar energy are: renewable energy, reduced electricity bills, energy
independence, low maintenance costs. Besides, solar energy also has some cons
such as: dependence on sunlight, space limitations, the production and disposal of
solar panels affects the environment.

UNIT 6
Opener
Life stages
1. At what age do people in your country usually get married/ start a career?
People in my country usually get married or start a career when they turn 18 years
old. At that time, they have enough awareness and knowledge to take
responsibility for what they do.

2. Do you think there is a correct time in your life to do this?

Yes,
I think the most correct time in my life to get married or start a career is when I
finish university , when I have enough experience, knowledge and maturity. I
think probably about 25 years old at that time.

3. Are there certain activities that are more popular among people of a specific age
group in your country?
Yes, there are.
For example, people in the younger age group (15-24 years old) will spend more
time on leisure activities and sports than the older age group. Because young
 people need to develop physically, they have more active and time than middle-
aged and elderly people.

6A.
Overseas Travel
1. Which countries and continents do you plan to visit?
Country which I plan to visit is Japan.
I want to visit Japan. Because Japan is very beautiful and charming. This country
has cherry blossoms, diverse nature, delicious food, and beautiful scenery.
Japanese people are also sociable and friendly. Additionally, I also want to wear
the traditional Japanese clothes, the kimono.

2. Why do you want to visit these places?

I want to visit Japan. Because Japan is very beautiful and charming. This country
has cherry blossoms, diverse nature, delicious food, and beautiful scenery.
Japanese people are also sociable and friendly. Additionally, I also want to wear
the traditional Japanese clothes, the kimono.

3. What type of transport will you use to travel there?

Because Japan is far from Vietnam, I will take a plane there. I can also go by boat,
dangerous, takes a lot of time, so going by plane is a safe and reasonable choice.

6B.
Celebrations
1. When do you have parties?
I often organize parties for birthdays, year-end meetings, celebrating friendships or
dates.

2. Which events do people celebrate in your country?

In my country, people celebrate many events such as birthdays, wedding,
wedding anniversaries, Christmas, New Year, Independence Day,

3)What do people usually do at a festival or during national celebration in your

country?
In my country, People decorate their homes with colorful decorations and lights,
Besides, there are often wear traditional costumes, dances. And then, family and
friends gather to enjoy traditional dishes and participate in games and activities of
the celebration.

6C.
Adulthood Celebrations
 1. At what age can people in your country legally drive a car?
In Vietnam, only people who are 18 years old or older can drive a car.

2. At what age do you think teenagers become adults?

I think teenagers become adults at the age of 18. However, some people say that
people don't fully become adults until they are 30 years old. But the legal age of
adulthood in most countries is 18 years old.

3. Are there any special celebrations in your country for young people as they
become adults?
Yes, there are.
When young people become adults, they will have a special celebration. This is an
important celebration in each person's life because on this day, they are recognized
as adults according the law.

4. What responsibilities do you think come with being an adult?

When I become an adult, I have to take responsibility for myself and what I do.
Besides, I have to be responsible for my family, always pay attention and take care
of everyone. Additionally, I live more independently, knowing how to manage
time and money without depending on my parents.

5. Why is 18th birthday party so important?

The 18th birthday is important because it marks each person's maturity. Peole are
recognized as adults according the law such as the right to vote, the ability to enter
into contracts,...

6. How do people in your country celebrate their 18th birthday party?

On 18th birthday, people will celebrate with family and friends. The party will
have cake, flowers, and candles. After that, they will receive wishes and gifts from
everyone

6D.
Invitations
1. Do you enjoy receiving invitations to events or parties?
Yes, I do.
Because when I attend events or parties, I feel joyful, happy, and sharing many
stories with my friends.
2. What types of events or occasions do you typically receive invitations for?
I often receive invitations to events such as weddings, birthday parties of
friends and relatives, anniversaries, local events.
 3. In your culture, are there specific customs related to sending or receiving
invitations?
When someone gets married, they send invitations to guests or friends to invite
them to join the party.

4. Have you ever received an invitation to a formal event, like a wedding or

graduation ceremony?
Yes, I have.
I have ever received an invitation to a graduation ceremony of my friend. I’am
happy. When I saw her receive diploma, I’m proud of her.
5. Do you prefer receiving invitations through traditional methods (e.g., mail) or
digital methods (e.g., email or social media)?
I prefer to receive invitations through traditional methods. Because when I receive
invitation, it’s respectful and meaningful.
However, receiving through the media method is not bad. Perhaps for reasons of
geographical distance and time savings,

6)How do you feel when you have to decline an invitation?

I felt a bit confused, and apologize for inviter. If possible, I will make an
appointment with them another time.

6E.
Wedding
1. Have you ever been to a marriage ceremony?
Yes, I have ever been to a mariage ceremony of relatives.

2. Where do people in your country usually hold their wedding ceremony?

People often hold wedding ceremonies at home or at a restaurant. There are also
people who organize on the beach or in the mountains depending on their
preferences and finances.

3. Do you prefer traditional or modern weddings? Why?

I prefer modern weddings.
Because in my opinion, modern weddings will be simple, without too many rituals
or rules, held in a place you like,

4)In your culture, what kinds of gifts are typically given at weddings?
The types of gifts given at weddings are envelopes, flowers, pictures,...

6F.
Music
1. What kind of musical instrument can you play?
 I can play the guitar. I’ve been playing the guitar for three years . It’s help
me relax after a day long.

2)How important is music in your country?

Music reflects a country's lifestyle, culture, traditions, and history in a very.
Therefore, musical traditions is very important. If we do not have our own musical
traditions, threatens to weaken and destroy our "national identity".

2. Does your country have a traditional type of music and musical instrument?
Yes, Folk music is the traditional type of music in my country. folk music
and use local instruments that are easy to play. In addition, the lyrics reflect
the natural beauty of my country and the joys and sorrows of Vietnamese
people.

UNIT 7
Opener
Volunteer work
1. What kind of volunteer work do you know?
Enviromental volunteer work, animal volunteer work, social volunteer work, sport
volunteer work, volunteering in hospitals.
2. Why do people prefer volunteer work?
Because they want to share with them difficulties and sadness and help them
overcome troubles. they think that the happiest people in the world are those who
help to bring happiest to others.
3. What can people learn from volunteer work?
We can learn many things from volunteer work. You learn team work, leadership,
patience, and so much more. Besides, It increases your social skills, it helps
you make more friends and be more connected with society.
7A
Part-time job
1. Do you want to find a part-time job when you are a student? Why/Why not?
Yes. Because I can gain experience in the field I am studying. In addition I’ll be
develop demand skills that future employers want in my graduates: These are:
teamwork, leadership, communication,…

2. Does part-time job affect students’ study? Why / Why not?

Yes. Because maybe you don’t have no time off for exams or assignments. You may
fell tired and increase stress levels. Besides, you can miss out on social events and
time with friends.

3. How can students balance part-time job and study?

 Students need to find a job that is suitable for study time. The work that fits in
your main priority which develop future career.
4. What can students learn from part-time job?
Students can gain experience in the field they’re studying. In addition you’ll be
developing in-demand skills that future employers want in my graduates: These
are: teamwork, leadership, communication,…

5. Is it necessary to have part-time job during your university time? Why / Why not?

Yes. Because it will benefit you both in the short and long-term. I can gain experience
in the field I am studying. In addition I’ll be developing in-demand skills that
future employers want in my graduates: These are: teamwork, leadership,
communication,…

7B
Photography
1. When do you often take photos?
I often take photos when I want to capture a moment with my family and friends.
Or when I travel, I want to record image about this scenery or people.

2. Do you prefer to take photos of people or of scenery?

I prefer to take photos of people. Because I like capture the emotions on their
faces. I feel that photos of people can be quite powerful.
3. Which do you like taking photos on, your mobile phone or a digital camera?
I’m passionate about photography, I like taking photo on a digital
camera due to its high-definition shooting mode. because they are
surely larger, wider, clearer,…
4. What are the secrets of taking good photos?
Try using the golden hour in the morning or evening for warm and soft
lighting .But it's better not to zoom in — doing so can make the photo
appear grainy, blurry,

7C
Job hopping
1. Why do people change from one job to another?

Because they want To enjoy greater professional development opportunities or higher

salary. Besides, it’s their hobby, make them work effectively.
2. What are the disadvantages of changing jobs?
 you might be faced with starting a new life from scratch. You might embark with no
experience. you must adapt to new conditions and people,
3. Do you think job satisfaction is more important than money? Why / Why not?
I think money is more important than job satisfaction, Because
they will be able to take care of needs for myself and my family.

7D
Job interview
1. What skills do people need to have an effective interview?
Operating skill, Communicating skill:, Team-working skill, Multitask solving
skill,..
2. How should people dress for a job interview?
People should dress accordingly in business attire. It is also important to
think about your makeup and accessories when dressing for an
interview.
3. What are the things people should prepare before a job interview?

CV resume , a list of references, a list of questions to ask the

interviewer, and something to write.

7E
Applying for a job
1. What information is needed in a CV?
Name and contact details, Personal profile statement, Work experience, Education
and qualifications,skills, achivements, hobbies and interests, references,…

2. What kind of job would you like to apply for after graduating from university?
I would like to apply for bussiness. Salesperson or open a store selling a
certain product.Because I like researching about different ways of selling.

7F
Job
1. What is the most important factor when you choose a job?

the most important factor is my hobby. Because when i like a job, it make me work
effectively, I will have goals of life and try to overcome difficulties to achive success.

2. Do you prefer working alone or in a group?

 I prefer working in a group. Because I can share my ideas with colleagues, and
hear critical feedback from their side. It help me learn many skills: communication,
operating skills, solving problem,.. Besides, I have many opportunities to develop
myself

3. Do you prefer a boring, repetitive but simple job or a challenging job?

I prefer a challenging job, because. I am opportunistic, always aware of
potential changes that will make me happier and more satisfied.

UNIT 8
Opener
Robots
1. Do you like robots to work at your home? Why?/ Why not?
Yes, I love that idea. Because a robot can help me domestic chores. So,
I can have more time to pursue other interests.
2. Should we let a robot drive us for long journey? Why?/ Why not?
I don’t think we shouldn’t leta robot drive us for a long journey.
Because It seems that there’re still some limitations and potential
dangers.

3. How does AI (artificial intelligence) affect our lives?

Artificial intelligence has had a huge impact on our lives. As
regards the workplace, robots can replace human beings in some
certain fields. in our daily life, state-of-the-artdevices based on artificial
intelligence.

4. Will robots replace human beings in the workplace completely?

they will never completely replace the roles of humans at work as they are
incapable of feeling emotions and thinking deeply like humans.
8A
The Internet
1. How did you learn how to use the Internet?
I learned to use the Internet by myself, when I saw my parents using it at
home, I remembered their acts
2. What do you usually do on the Internet?

I do a ton of things on the Internet. I usually use it to read local as well

as national news headlines. I also use it for checking my emails,
chatting with my friends and playing games online.
3. How often do you use the Internet?
I often use the Internet in muy free time, I look up information and chat with my
fr, watch vvideo and film,…
 4. Do you think the Internet is safe for children to use unsupervised?

No, I don’t think .First of all, as children are still young, they’re
easily click on inappropriate content. Secondly, children might become
the victim of cyberbullying. If this lasts too long, children become
stress and depression.
5. What negative impacts may the Internet have on school children?

they’re easily tempted to click on inappropriate content. Secondly,

children might become the victim of cyberbullying. If this lasts too
long, it would give them a sense of anxiety and depression.

8B
Inventions
1. Do all inventions bring benefits to the world?
No. I don’t think all inventions bring benefits to our world. For example,
industrial inventions have contributed to environmental pollution and
the depletion of natural resources.
2. Do you think only scientists can invent new things?
No, I don’t think only scientists can invent new things. Inventors can be
engineers, artists, and even normal people. Therefore, anyone with a
innovative mindset has the potential to invent new things.
3. Which invention do you think is the most useful at home?
refrigerators are extremely useful in extreme weather we can
preserve vegetables and food items for a long time
4. What invention would you like to see in the future?

I would like to see a " rubbish-collecting" machine so that it pick up the huge amount of
garbage. Beacause a cause of pollution is many rubbish that people dump to
envirronment.
8C
Designs
1.Where do designers get design ideas and inspirations from?
Travelling, walking, Visiting Art and Museums, socialising, social network,…

2.What challenges do designers face during the production process?

designers struggle to come up with ideas. besides,Technical problem
during production can delays and impact the quality of the final
product.

8D
Gadgets
 1. Do you use any gadgets on a daily basis?
Yes, surely I do... I quite enjoy using all the new items like laptops and
smartphones... because we're living in the computer age
2. What is your favorite technological gadget? What for?
I like smartphone , because it is useful to work and entertaiment. I can reply
questions to others or chat with fr, watch films,…

3. How much time do you spend using your favorite technological gadget?
Anytime I am free, I spend using my favorite gadget, I relax by fun video, films,…
4. What modern technological devices are most common in your country?
From my observation, smartphones are widely used among people of
all ages a. Everyone has a smartphone for himself or herself to
communicate with others. Besides, smartphones are definitely that
they can replace the work of other devices like laptops or tablets in
unexpected situations.

8E
Technology
1.How does technology help us in our daily lives?
Technology plays an essential role in communication more effective. we can start
business very easily and quickly. Everything we need from products and services is
available online.Besides, technology are also a source of entertainment.

2.Why does technology sometimes make mistakes?

Because of coding errors, incomplete data,. Additionally, technology lacks the
ability to comprehend context or make decisions, contributing to mistakes.

3. Do you believe that people today rely too much on technology?

But in fact, people nowadays do rely on technological devices a lot. In some
cases, it can damage our relationships and mental health. For example,
students use smartphones all day and neglect their studies, which can lead
to bad academic performance.
4.What is the most impactful piece of technology in our time?

I think that social media is the most powerful invention of humans so far.

Social media plays a role in communications between businesses and

consumers or between organizations and residents. now social media users
can easily access the news through content from fan pages.
8F
Ancient languages
1. Do you think all ancient minority languages will disappear?

Effort of Language revitalization programs, community initiatives, and cultural

awareness campaigns contribute to the preservation of these languages.
2. Why is it important to preserve ancient languages?
Because language is directly related to human relations, traditions, customs,
Once a language is forgotten, all these along with history and more will be
forgotten with it.
3. What should governments do to preserve minority languages?
Governments should encourage to teach and participate in language classes are excellent
ways to keep a language alive. Besides,creating social media channels, YouTube, and other

platforms to share expressions or sayings that are fading from record Karaoke versions of

traditional songs .