When working with Selenium in real-time scenarios, especially for practical web
automation and testing tasks, the scripts often address common needs such as form
submissions, data extraction, and interaction with dynamic content. Below are some
real-time examples of commonly asked Selenium scripts in Python:
### 1. **Login to a Website**
```python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='path/to/chromedriver')
driver.get('https://example.com/login')
# Find username and password fields and submit button
username = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'username')
password = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'password')
login_button = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'loginButton')
# Enter credentials and click login
username.send_keys('your_username')
password.send_keys('your_password')
login_button.click()
# Optionally, check if login was successful
assert "Dashboard" in driver.title
driver.quit()
```
### 2. **Scrape Data from a Table**
```python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='path/to/chromedriver')
driver.get('https://example.com/data-table')
# Find the table
table = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'dataTable')
# Get all rows in the table
rows = table.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'tr')
for row in rows:
columns = row.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'td')
data = [col.text for col in columns]
print(data)
driver.quit()
```
### 3. **Interact with a Modal Popup**
```python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='path/to/chromedriver')
driver.get('https://example.com/page-with-modal')
# Trigger the modal
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'openModalButton').click()
# Wait for the modal to be visible
modal = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'modal'))
)
# Interact with elements inside the modal
modal.find_element(By.ID, 'modalInput').send_keys('Some text')
modal.find_element(By.ID, 'modalSubmit').click()
# Close the modal
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'modalClose').click()
driver.quit()
```
### 4. **Fill Out and Submit a Form**
```python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='path/to/chromedriver')
driver.get('https://example.com/form')
# Find form fields
name_field = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'name')
email_field = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'email')
submit_button = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'submit')
# Fill out the form
name_field.send_keys('John Doe')
email_field.send_keys('john.doe@example.com')
submit_button.click()
# Optionally, verify form submission
assert "Thank you" in driver.page_source
driver.quit()
```
### 5. **Handle Infinite Scrolling**
```python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import time
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='path/to/chromedriver')
driver.get('https://example.com/infinite-scroll')
# Scroll down until the desired content is loaded
scroll_pause_time = 2
last_height = driver.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight")
while True:
driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, 'body').send_keys(Keys.END)
time.sleep(scroll_pause_time)
new_height = driver.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight")
if new_height == last_height:
break
last_height = new_height
# Optionally, extract information
items = driver.find_elements(By.CLASS_NAME, 'item')
for item in items:
print(item.text)
driver.quit()
```
### 6. **Take Screenshots of Specific Elements**
```python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='path/to/chromedriver')
driver.get('https://example.com/some-page')
# Find the specific element
element = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'specific-element')
# Take a screenshot of the specific element
element.screenshot('element_screenshot.png')
driver.quit()
```
### 7. **Test Responsiveness by Emulating Mobile View**
```python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
# Set up Chrome options for mobile emulation
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('mobileEmulation', {
'deviceName': 'Nexus 5'
})
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service('path/to/chromedriver'),
options=chrome_options)
driver.get('https://example.com')
# Verify content or layout
assert "Mobile View" in driver.title
driver.quit()
```
### 8. **Upload a File and Verify Upload**
```python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import time
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='path/to/chromedriver')
driver.get('https://example.com/upload')
# Find the file input element and upload a file
file_input = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'file-upload')
file_input.send_keys('path/to/file.txt')
# Optionally, verify file upload
time.sleep(2) # Wait for the upload to complete
uploaded_file = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'uploaded-file-name').text
assert 'file.txt' in uploaded_file
driver.quit()
```
### 9. **Interact with JavaScript Popups**
```python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='path/to/chromedriver')
driver.get('https://example.com/javascript-popup')
# Trigger the JavaScript alert
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'trigger-alert').click()
# Switch to alert and accept
alert = driver.switch_to.alert
alert.accept()
driver.quit()
```
### 10. **Verify Presence of Elements After AJAX Calls**
```python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='path/to/chromedriver')
driver.get('https://example.com/ajax-page')
# Trigger AJAX call
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'load-more-button').click()
# Wait until the new content is loaded
new_content = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'new-content'))
)
assert new_content.is_displayed()
driver.quit()
```
These scripts cover various real-time use cases from login processes and form
submissions to dynamic content handling and responsiveness testing. Adapt these
examples as needed to fit your specific requirements and websites.
