2nd Quarter Exam Reviewer Language Features & Devices |

English 10 Persuasive Techniques

1. Emotive Language
– use of words that evoke emotions
|| Lesson 1: Language of and make people feel a certain way.
Research, Campaigns, & 2. Modal Verbs
Advocacies – use of words that express modality
or how likely something is going to
Language of Research happen.
– way to communicate – examples; can-could, may-might,
– enables us to inform, entertain, influence, will-would, shall-should, must, ought
and persuade. to…
Language of Research 3. Involving the Reader
– makes use of a formal, academic, and – done through the use of personal
persuasive language. pronouns like you, your, we, our and
– presents corresponding findings for indicative words like together.
variables. – establishes a connection between
– makes use of facts. the author and the reader.

AHB
– terminologies in conducting research – perse/per se = itself
studies; 4. Rhetorical Questions
➔ Theories – questions that are not supposed to
➔ Concepts be answered.
➔ Variables
5. Using Evidence
➔ Hypothesis
– use of facts, figures, statistics, or
➔ Samples
quotes from experts to highlight the
Language of Campaign writer’s authority and make the
– usually social or political in nature. arguments presented more
– planned set of activities that people carry convincing.
out to attain a certain goal or objective.
6. Repetition
– well-planned speaking activity that aims to
– repeating keywords, phrases, or
excite, persuade, and/or motivate listeners.
ideas.
Language of Advocacy 7. Adjectives & Adverbs
– activities that argue, plead, support, or – makes it possible for the writer to
favor a certain cause. influence how the readers feel.
– aims to influence decision making – adjectives; describing words
especially with issues involving social, (noun/pronoun)
political, environmental, and economic – adverbs; modifying words (verb, adj,
perspectives. another adj).
– advocacy is under campaign!

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 8. Association
Key Structural Elements
– linking an object or an idea with
The basic components of an argument
something already liked or desired.
include:
– wealth, success, pleasure, and
a. a claim
security.
– an argument states a claim and
9. Bandwagon supports it with reasons & evidences
– “everyone is doing it”. from sources.
10. Experts b. reasons behind this claim
– relying on expert advice from – a fact or situation which explains
trusted people like doctors, why it happens or what causes it to
scientists, and other professionals. happen.
c. pieces of evidence to support this
specific claim.
|| Lesson 2: Argumentation – anything that can be used to prove
something.
Argument [n]
– statistical evidence is when you use
A set of reasons which show that something
numbers to support a main point to
is true/untrue, right/wrong, etc.
carry your argument.
Argumentative Writing Key Structural Elements of

AHB
– “persuasive writing”
Argumentative Essay
– seeks to convince readers to support a
stand on a certain issue. 1. Pattern A
– requires the writer to examine a topic. a. Thesis Statement
b. First Pro
Proposition
c. Second Pro
– the point of reference of the
d. Con(s) + Refutation(s)
argumentative/stand.
e. Conclusion
– where the writer decides whether to
2. Pattern B
express his/her agreement or disagreement.
a. Thesis Statement
Argumentative Essay b. Con(s) + Refutation(s)
– most common form of argumentative c. First Pro
writing. d. Second Pro
– an essay that presents a stand or a e. Conclusion
rationale on a given proposition or issue. 3. Pattern C
– tries to change the reader’s mind. a. Thesis Statement
– attempts to be highly persuasive and b. First Con + Refutation
logical. c. Second Con + Refutation
d. Third Con + Refutation
e. Conclusion

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Thesis Statement Language Features of an Argumentative
– a one-to two-sentence statement that Text
presents the main idea and makes an 1. Modals
assertion about your issue. – use of modal verbs like should and
– main point or claim of an essay, central must expresses suggestion and
argument or purpose of the writing. obligation.
– contributes to the achievement of
Pros sentences that provides support to
– supporting idea, positive side the main argument.
– examples; usually, probably,
Cons necessarily, actually, apparently…
– opposing idea, negative side
2. Evaluative Language
Counterargument – reflects the writer’s attitudes
– objection on the argument towards a certain idea
– expresses feelings, opinions, or
Refutations judgments.
– to prove wrong by evidence – examples; appalling, awful,
– deny the truth disgusting,dreadful, wonderful…
– rebuttal, reply, counterstatement, 3. Transitions/Transitional Devices
counterreason) – “connectives”

AHB
Conclusion – help achieve coherence in writing
– maintains the smooth flow of ideas
– summary
– examples; because, therefore,
– ending consequently, similarly, meanwhile…
Introduction
– introduce the issue || Lesson 3: Opinion vs.
– give background info
– state your claim/thesis statement
Assertion
Body Opinion
– present your evidence (reason + supporting – a view, judgment, or appraisal.
details) – drawn from facts, can change often.
– includes counterclaim or rebuttal [statements of opinion usually start with;]
a. signal phrases like I think or I believe,
Conclusion or words like best, worst, beautiful,
– general statement the supports your thesis outstanding, or should.
statement b. it has something to do with one’s
– call to action or quotation preferences or emotions.

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Assertion || Lesson 4 & 5: Claims of
– a declaration of strong beliefs towards a
Fact, Policy and Value
particular topic, often without evidence.
– usually subjective. Claim
[statements of assertion on the other hand;] – refers to a person's assertion, idea or
a. does not start with signal phrases. proposition (stand).
b. considered as a declaration, as if it – may serve the purpose of convincing the
were true even though it may not be. readers to agree on a specific stand or issue.
[Types of Claim;]
3 Common Types of Assertion
1. Claim of Fact
– all at the same level; the only difference is
– states something about things in
how the speaker or writer asserts.
the past, in the present, and in the
1. Basic Assertion future.
– directly expresses the writer’s – deals with ideas or claims that can
feelings and beliefs. straight to the be proven or disproved with the help
point. of factual evidence.
– usually used in standing up for
– example; The 2020 national budget
personal beliefs.
amounting to Php4.1 trillion, which is
– example; “Excuse me, first I want to
finish my work, then I shall go with 12 percent larger than the 2019

AHB
you.” budget, can really help in boosting
the economy through various
2. Emphatic Assertion
infrastructure projects.
– how the writer understands the
2. Claims of Value
feelings and emotions of the literary
– also known as “Value Claim”
author.
– may be used in both formal and – presents an assertion as to
informal writing. whether something is good or bad, or
– example; “I understand you are one concept or idea is better than
busy, and me too, But it is difficult for another.
me to finish this project on my own. – emphasizes and weighs the benefits
So, I want you to help me complete of the subject matter.
this project.” – example; Van Gogh is a better
3. I-Language Assertion painter than Picasso.
– uses the pronoun ‘I’ to assert. 3. Claims of Policy
expresses feelings & preferences of – supports that an action should or
the writer. should not be done to address a
– often used in writing reviews,
certain case or policy.
reaction, or reflection papers.
– example; “When you speak harshly – example; “A law should be passed
to me, I cannot talk and move as usual to stop the sale of cigarettes.”
because I feel embarrassed.
Therefore, I want you to speak in a
low tone and then give me a task.”