Gentry Divorce of Israel Sample

THE DIVORCE OF ISRAEL
A Redemptive-Historical Interpretation of Revelation
volume ii:
Revelation 10:1–22:21
Kenneth L. Gentry, Jr.
tolle lege press and chalcedon foundation

THE DIVORCE OF ISRAEL
A Redemptive-Historical Interpretation of Revelation
Volume II: Revelation 10:1–22:21
by Kenneth L. Gentry, Jr.
Copyright © 2024 by Gentry Family Trust (udt April 2, 1999)

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Contents
VOLUME I
Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Transliteration Guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxx
Select Bibliography
. Revelation Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxi
. General Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lviii
Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xcvii
Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cv
1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. Superscription And Beatitude (1:1–3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
3. Greeting and Theme (1:4–8). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
4. The Commissioning Vision (1:9–20). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
5. Seven Oracles (2:1—3:22). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
6. The Court Scene (4:1–11). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
7. The Seven-Sealed Book (5:1–14). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541
8. The Seals Opened:
The First Six Seals (6:1–17). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605
9. Two Interludes (7:1–17) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687
10. The Seals Opened: The Seventh Seal (8:1–5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735
11. The Seven Trumpet Angels:
The First Six Trumpets (8:6—9:21). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749
VOLUME II
12. Third Interlude:
The Little Book and John’s Action (10:1–11). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843
13. Fourth Interlude:
The Measured Temple and Two Witnesses (11:1–13). . . . . . . . . . 870
14. The Seven Trumpet Angels:
The Seventh Trumpet (11:14–19). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 971
15. The Sun-Clothed Woman And the Red Dragon (12:1–17). . . . . . . . . 993
16. The Beast From the Sea (13:1–10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042
17. The Beast From the Land (13:11–18). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1087
18. Visions of Blessing and Judgment (14:1–20). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1154
19. The Seven Last Plagues (15:1—16:21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1187
20. The Harlot of Babylon and the Beast (17:1–18). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1257
21. The Fall of Babylon the Harlot (18:1—19:5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1364
22. The Final Victory of the Lamb (19:6–21). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1470
23. Satan’s Ruin and Final Judgment (20:1–15). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1509
24. The New Creation’s Coming (21:1–8). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1608
25. The New Jerusalem Bride (21:9–27). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1661
26. New Heaven and New Earth (22:9–17). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1697
27. Final Testimonies and Admonition (22:6–15). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1729
28. The Final Attestation and Blessing (22:16–21). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1750
Indexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1765
v
12
Third Interlude:
The Little Book and John’s Action
(10:1–11)
G
iven the narrative flow John established for the first five trumpet
soundings, we might expect the sounding of the seventh trumpet to
follow immediately after that of the sixth trumpet (9:13ff.). This is not
John’s method, however. He is writing a carefully crafted, emotionally com-
pelling drama.
Just as he inserted an interlude between the sixth (6:12ff.) and seventh
(8:1ff.) seals, he inserts two interludes here, in chapters 10 and 11, between
the sixth and final trumpets. This technique served to intensify suspense in
Revelation 4 and 5, where “the description of the scroll, the inability of any
man to open it, the prophet’s tears, and the elder’s consolation, all serve to
hold up the narrative. But the delay has the dramatic effect of focusing atten-
tion on the action of the Lamb” (Beasley-Murray 120). Now this delay of the
final trumpet serves to increase our anticipation once again. But it also has
an interpretive function: it provides explanatory material allowing for future
plot development.
As many commentators (e.g., Mounce 129; Witherington 16) note, the
books in chapters 5 and 10 are important to the flow of Revelation. Since
they are central to Revelation, I will elaborate rather fully on this chapter, and
especially because “some of the most debated material in the whole book of
Revelation is to be found in Rev. 10–11” (Witherington 155).
a. The Strong Angel and the Little Book (10:1–4)

10:1 I saw another strong angel coming down out of heaven, clothed with a
cloud; and the rainbow was upon his head, and his face was like the sun, and
his feet like pillars of fire; 2 and he had in his hand a little book which was
open. He placed his right foot on the sea and his left on the land; 3 and he
843
844 12: Third Interlude (10:1–11)
cried out with a loud voice, as when a lion roars; and when he had cried out,
the seven peals of thunder uttered their voices. 4 When the seven peals of
thunder had spoken, I was about to write; and I heard a voice from heaven
saying, “Seal up the things which the seven peals of thunder have spoken,
and do not write them.”
This chapter provides another example of John’s intricate interlinking

structure, for in it we find connections with 1:9–20 (John’s commissioning);
1:13 and 14:14 (the Son of Man); and 5:1–3 (the book in God’s hand).
Here in 10:1a, John sees a strong angel (aggelon ischuron, 10:1a), just as
he does in two other visions (5:2 and 18:21). John sets this strong angel over
against the “star from heaven which had fallen to the earth” (9:1) from the pre-
ceding vision, which portrays Satan as having fallen from heaven. This vision
pictures the strong angel voluntarily and intentionally coming down out of
heaven (10:1a). He has not “fallen to the earth,” as has the angel in 9:1, nor has
he been “thrown down,” as in 12:9.
This strong angel is “far and away the most exalted and resplendent” in
Revelation, with no other being “described as fully, feature by feature reminis-
cent of divinity” (Mazzaferri 366). But who is he? And what is his significance
in Revelation’s drama?
According to perhaps the majority of older commentators, this mighty
angel must be Christ himself. Among the church fathers who held this view
are Victorinus, Tyconius, Primasius (ACCS 145), and Hippolytus (Daniel 24).
Among scholars closer to modern times, we find this view held by Lightfoot
(1654: 3:342), Gill (759), the Geneva Bible (ad loc.), Russell (421), Terry (360),
Farrar (456n), Wellhausen (cited by Charles 1:259), Terry (363–64), and Clark
(70). Hengstenberg (1:376) says “it can only be Christ.” Russell notes that in
the 1800s, “the majority of interpreters” adopted this view (Russell 421; cp.
Beckwith, 580; Carrell 136).
Many recent expositors deny that this angel is Christ. This denial includes
those in critical (Sweet 177; Aune 557; Witherington 154), evangelical (Beas-
ley-Murray 170; Morris 137; Mazzaferri 266; Wall 137; Keener 280; Osborne
393), and fundamentalist (Walvoord 70; Thomas 1995: 60) schools of thought.
The most significant stumbling block to this identification is his being called
“another (allon) strong angel,” which relates him to the previous “strong angel”
(5:2). But this may simply distinguish him from the preceding trumpet angels
(8:1, 8, 10, 12; 9:1, 13–14). We must remember that John is reporting what he
sees, and if Christ is appearing in angelic form, that is how John sees him.
Despite widespread contemporary reluctance in this regard, various
aspects of the dramatic imagery and the requirements of the contextual flow
incline me to adopt the older view. I agree with Beale (525) that “the angel is
the divine Angel of the Lord, as in the Old Testament, who is to be identified
The Strong Angel and the Little Book (10:1–4) 845
with Christ himself.” This is not an extreme minority view, for this view is
also endorsed by Bauckham (1993a: 523–24), Caird (125–26), Hoeksema (337),
Ladd (141), Hendriksen (149), Swete (126), Wall (137), Scott (219), Richardson
(73), Chilton (259–60), “probably” Ford (163), Rowland (1982: 102), Mulholland
(1996: 52), Barker (147), and Boxall (152). Kline (1980: 84) concurs: “Revelation
10 may be cited as just one further passage identifying Christ as the Old Tes-
tament Angel” (cp. Mulholland 1990: 63). This interpretation is extremely sig-
nificant for the judicial point and rhetorical flow of Revelation; consequently,
I will spend some time on it, since it has import for fleshing out my redemp-
tive-historical preterist understanding of John’s forensic drama.
All commentators agree that Christ appears under a variety of symbols
in Revelation, including gigantic Christophany (1:13–16), slain-but-living lamb
(5:6; 14:1), glorious Son of Man (14:14–15), and conquering warrior (19:11–16).
Giblin (143) speaks of the idea of “distancing,” whereby John sees Christ not
as he is but by visual images, such as when he appears as the “Lamb.” For
instance, in chapter 1, John hears a voice but then sees one “like a son of man”
(homoion huion anthrōpou, 1:12–13). This opens the possibility that he could
also appear in angelic form and that John is reporting what he sees without
interpreting it.
As noted above, Christ’s appearance as an angel is not without precedent
in Scripture. In the Old Testament, the famous “Angel of the Lord” (mal’āk
yhwh) is the pre-incarnate Christ.1 The book of Revelation bears a most defi-
nite Old Testament cast (see Introduction), suggesting the appropriateness
of such an important Old Testament figure in “the Revelation of Jesus Christ”
(1:1). Elsewhere in Revelation, Jesus appears angelomorphically: in the “son of
man” vision in 14:14–15 and (probably) in 20:1–2, where an angel binds Satan
(which is Christ’s work).2 This is appropriate for Revelation: “in the Apoca-
lypse we find Jesus Christ functioning like an angel” (Carrell 185). Further-
more, presenting Christ in angelic form fits the context in that he comes with
a message in his hand and angelos means “messenger.” Justin Martyr (Apol.
1:63) observes, “Now the Word of God is His Son, as we have before said. And
He is called Angel and Apostle; for He declares whatever we ought to know,
and is sent forth to declare whatever is revealed; as our Lord Himself says, ‘He
that heareth Me, heareth Him that sent Me.’ ” That John falls down to worship
an angel elsewhere in Revelation (19:10; 22:8), probably suggests that he has
already seen Christ as an angel while writing the work.
But what evidence do we have to establish that this particular angel in
chapter 10 portrays Christ? The evidence flows primarily from the links in
1. Ge 16:17ff.; 21:17ff.; 22:1ff.; 24:7; 31:13; Ex 3:2; 14:19; Nu 22:22ff.; Jos 5:13–6:2; Jdg 2:1; 6:22;
13:20; Isa 63:9. See ISBE2 1:125; ZPEB 162–63.
2. Many commentators think John’s initial vision shows Christ in angelic form (1:13–16).
this chapter to Christ’s initial appearance in chapter 1. Those links involve the
cloud imagery (1:7; cp. 10:1a) and the several Son of Man features.
First, this angel is clothed with a cloud (peribeblē menon nephelēn; 10:1b).
We must remember that “in biblical literature it is God or the Son of Man
alone who comes in heaven or to earth with clouds” (Smalley 257; cp. Beale
523).3 In that Revelation is the most “biblical” book in Scripture, this by itself
is highly suggestive. We should also note that “it is extremely rare for angelic
garb to be mentioned” in John’s prophecy (Mazzaferri 265).
Clouds are first mentioned in 1:7. That verse directly associates them with
Christ in his judgment-coming against Israel, which is the overarching theme
of Revelation (cf. Excursus 3 at 1:7). It is neither accidental nor insignificant
that immediately after the strong-angel vision in chapter 10, we read John’s
clearest pronouncement of the temple’s judgment (11:1–2). At the first temple’s
destruction, Jeremiah laments that God covers himself with a cloud “so that
no prayer can pass through,” because Israel has “transgressed and rebelled”
(La 3:42–44). The same is true in Revelation. Coming “with clouds” (1:7) can
easily be expressed as “clothed with a cloud” (10:1).
All agree that John’s theme in 1:7 derives from the Son of Man vision in
Daniel 7:13, and gives rise immediately to the Son of Man vision in 1:12–20.
The Son of Man cloud imagery is significant for John’s message of judgment,
for it appears again in another passage that very clearly applies to Christ act-
ing in judgment (14:14–16). And significantly, the reference to Christ in 14:14
is followed immediately by a statement that “another angel came out” (14:15),
requiring that Christ’s appearing in 14:14 was in angelic form (after all, John is
reporting what he sees, and he saw an angel).4
Second, the rainbow that was upon his head (10:1b) reflects the throne
vision of God in chapter 4: “there was a rainbow around the throne” (4:3).
Revelation 4:3 is not only John’s only other reference to a rainbow; it is also
the only other use of the term in the New Testament. Unlike in 4:3, the defi-
nite article appears in 10:1 before “rainbow” (iris), which is “likely an article of
previous reference” (Beale 524) reminding us of the earlier rainbow. We also
see a rainbow in the vision of God on the throne in Ezekiel 1:27–28, the obvi-
ous backdrop to John’s vision. In the context in Ezekiel, a book is presented
to the prophet and he eats it (Eze 2:9—3:3), just as in Revelation 10:9. Here
the rainbow from God’s throne now covers Christ “to signify that Christ has
taken over the reins of the Father’s plan” (Beale 528). This is significant for
3. For evidence, see Ex 14:20; 16:10; 19:9, 16–17; 24:15–18; 40:34–37; Lev 16:2; Nu 9:17–22; 10:11–
12, 22, 34; 11:25; 12:10; 16:42; 2Sa 22:12; 1Ki 8:10–11; 2Ch 5:13–14; Ne 9:12; Pss 18:11–12; 97:2; 104:3;
Isa 19:1; Jer 4:13; Eze 1:28; 10:3–4; Na 1:3; Da 7:13; Mt 17:5; Mk 9:7; 13:26; Lk 9:34–35; Ac 1:9; 1Co
10:1–2; 1Th 4:17.
4. Carrell 133. See his discussion of angelomorphic christology in his chs. 4–5.
John’s judgment theme (1:7), “for not even the Father judges anyone, but He
has given all judgment to the Son” (Jn 5:22; cp. 9:39; Ac 10:42; 17:31).
Third, his face was like the sun (to prosopon autou hos ho helios, 10:1c) is
quite similar to the phraseology in 1:16 (hē opsis autou hos ho helios),5 which is
the first appearance of the sun shining in Revelation and serves as a clear indi-
cation of the Son of Man’s deity. Furthermore, the language in 10:1 is identical
to the transfiguration statement where Jesus’s divine glory shines through his
mortal veil (Mt 17:2): to prosopon autou hos ho helios. Paul’s own blinding vision
of Christ reminds us of this picture, as well: “At midday, O King, I saw on the
way a light from heaven, brighter than the sun, shining all around me and
those who were journeying with me” (Ac 26:13; cf. 2Co 4:6). These helioproso-
poic (face-as-sun) references all appear to refer to divinity. Though heavenly
residents can shine as the sun (Mt 13:43), they do not do so anywhere else in
Revelation, and Christ appears earlier in such a way. Carrell (132) notes that,
“in general terms, the appearance of the angel compares favourably with the
Psalmist’s impression of the appearance of the Lord in Psalm 104.1–3: ‘You are
clothed with honour and majesty, wrapped in light as with a garment … you
make the clouds your chariot’ (cf. Isa. 19.1).”
Fourth, John sees his feet like pillars of fire (10:1c). This is similar in effect
to chapter 1, where we read, “His feet were like burnished bronze, when it has
been made to glow in a furnace” (1:15). Since fire pictures judgment twen-
ty-four times in Revelation, it surely connotes judgment here. In the letter to
Thyatira, the imagery of Christ from chapter 1 applies to Christ the speaker
in 2:18. John mentions the “eyes like a flame of fire” and feet “like burnished
bronze” (2:18) that have been “made to glow in a furnace” (1:15). That letter
contains a severe rebuke for tolerating false prophecy and immorality and
warns of “great tribulation” (2:22), death by pestilence (2:23a), and a divine
recompense “to each one … according to [his] deeds” (2:23b). “This is the first
indication of many in ch. 10 that judgment is the predominant focus of the
‘little book’ and of John’s prophetic message of v 11” (Beale 529).
But the “feet like pillars of fire [stuloi puros]” is not fully explained by gen-
erally noting a connotation of judgment. To have feet like “pillars of fire” is
quite awkward: we would expect legs to represent pillars of fire, rather than
feet. This jarring statement is necessary for linking the two visions. It seems
John is reminding us of the “pillar of fire” associated with the divine Angel of
the Lord who led Israel through the wilderness (stulō puros; LXX: Ex 13:21, 22;
5. The word for “face” in 10:1c is prosōpon which “probably meant that which struck the eye
(pros, “towards,” and ops, “eye”), that which one looks at” (NIDNTT 1:585). The word for “face” in
1:16 is opsis, which also is based on ops, “eye,” and means “the experience of seeing something,
seeing, sight” or “the front portion of the head or expressions thereof, face, countenance” (BAGD
746).
Ne 9:19). This exodus-pillar imagery is all the more probable in that the cloud
clothing “is reminiscent of the pillar of cloud signaling Yahweh’s presence in
the Exodus, Ex. 13:21” (Mazzaferri 265).6 The pillars stood between Israel and
the Egyptians (Ex 14:19–20), so that God saw the Egyptians through the pillars
and “brought the army of the Egyptians into confusion” (Ex 14:24; cp. Nu 12:5–
10; Dt 31:15–18). Though Caird (126) denies that the Angel of the Lord appears
here, he notes that “this is the angel who is to guide the new Israel through the
darkness of its Exodus pilgrimage from Egypt to the promised land.” This is a
most apt representation, given all the exodus allusions in Revelation.7 Christ,
the Angel of the Lord who dwells among his people (1:9–20), leads them out of
this new Egypt (apostate Israel, 11:8) by “pillars of fire.”
Given the divorce motif in Revelation, we should recall that when God
married Israel at Sinai (Ex 24), Moses set up an altar with twelve pillars at the
foot of the mountain (Ex 24:3). The twelve pillared-altar “called attention to
itself as something placed, and served among other functions a ‘legal’ pur-
pose, ‘to mark a legal relationship’ ” (Durham 343). In fact, “the main impor-
tance” of pillars “in the Bible is more symbolic than architectural,” and they
were frequently erected “as witnesses to a covenant” (DBI 645).8
Significantly, the two pillars of God (cloud by day, fire by night) repre-
sented God’s presence in leading Israel in the wilderness (Ex 13:18, 21–22; Nu
14:14; Ne 9:12, 19; cp. Ex 15:22; 8:2, 15) and are significant for the marriage
imagery. They show that since God had married Israel at Sinai, he was now
safely leading her as a good husband (Jer 31:32) because she was legally his
possession by covenant (Ex 19:1–2, 5; Dt 32:9–10; Pss 78:52; 136:16; cf. context
of Jer 2:6). In Deuteronomy, God stands at the door of the “tent of meeting”
in the “pillar of cloud” (Dt 31:14, 15), where he reveals a song as a “witness”
against Israel when she sins (Dt 31:19, 21).
Later, when Solomon built God’s temple, he erected “two pillars of bronze”
(cp. Rev 1:15) at the entrance of God’s “house” (1Ki 7:15–22, cp. v. 12; see 1Ki
10:26; 25:13, 16; 2Ch 3:15; Jer 52:17, 20). The two pillars of the temple were
free-standing (not supporting an upper structure); consequently, “the sym-
bolic function of these huge, magnificent gateposts was probably to indicate
6. Mazzaferri (265) notes that “it is scarcely a coincidence that stulos corresponds to ‘mwd as
precisely as pur to ‘š.”
7. Examples of exodus imagery include the Paschal lamb underlying 5:6; the first trumpet
reminding of Moses’ seventh plague (8:7); the sea becoming blood (8:8) like Moses’ first plague;
the two prophets’ power to turn water into blood (11:6); the woman’s flight to the wilderness on
eagle’s wings (12:14; cp. Ex 19:4); and the “song of Moses” regarding the Red Sea experience (15:3).
Court (75) lists the following plagues with Revelation parallels: Ex 7:20ff. (Rev 8:8, 10; 16:3, 4); Ex
8:5ff. (Rev 16:13ff.); Ex 9:8ff. (Rev 16:2); Ex 9:23ff. (Rev 8:7; 16:21); Ex 10:12ff. (Rev 9:3ff.); Ex 10:21ff.
(Rev 8:12; 16:10).
8. See Ge 31:44–48, 52; Ex 24:4; Dt 27:1–8; Jos 8:30–35; 22:26–28, 35; 24:26–27; Isa 19:19–20.
that the Lord had passed through them, entered the temple and dwelt there in
the midst of his people” (DBI 645). At these pillars, Josiah and Israel reestab-
lished covenant with God in a renewed determination to live faithfully before
him: “The king stood by the pillar and made a covenant before the Lord, to
walk after the Lord, and to keep His commandments and His testimonies and
His statutes with all his heart and all his soul, to carry out the words of this
covenant that were written in this book. And all the people entered into the
covenant” (2Ki 23:3). We should recall that Christ presented himself as God’s
temple9 (Jn 2:19–21) and fulfilled its sacrificial system (Heb 8–10), so that in the
new covenant he serves as the temple, replacing the earthly structure (21:22).10
Fifth, in 10:3a, the angel will speak as when a lion roars (10:3a). The lion’s
roar is often (though not always) a metaphor for God’s call (Jer 25:30; Hos
11:10; Joel 3:16; Am 1:2; 3:8). Consequently, this reminds us of the “Lion that is
from the tribe of Judah, the Root of David,” whom John has already mentioned
(5:5). But, of course, Revelation also associates the lion with one of the four
living creatures (4:7)—and even with the evil beast from the sea (13:2). The
evil beast is out of the question here in 10:3, for obvious reasons. This then
leaves the possibility that this “mighty angel” could be either: (1) one of the
four living creatures (but elsewhere they seem always to be designated as
“living creatures”) or (2) another of God’s angels, since they often have leo-
nine features (4:7). Still, the other lines of evidence quite suggestively point
to Christ.
Sixth, though Osborne denies that this is Christ, he points out a remark-
able fact: no other angel in Revelation is described in such detail (Osborne
393). The impressive detail suggests that this angel is distinctive in some way,
comporting well with his divine identity, especially since Christ is the domi-
nant positive figure in Revelation. “Within the Apocalypse itself this angel is
notable since no other angel carries explicit images connoting the visible and
audible presence of God such as the rainbow, the cloud, and the leonine voice,
and no other angel so closely resembles Jesus Christ” (Carrell 133). (For an
additional line of argument we should note a hint deriving from his standing
firmly on the sea; see 10:2 exposition.)
Seventh, the angel’s manner of appearing on the scene may indicate his
identity as Christ: He is seen “coming down out of heaven” (10:1a: katabainonta
9. See Nicholas Perrin, Jesus the Temple (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2010); Wright 1996:
426; ch. 13.
10. “Paul seems to apply one aspect of temple imagery to Christ. In Colossians 1:19 Paul
speaks of Christ as the one ‘in whom all the fullness was pleased to dwell,’ and in Colossians 2:9
he writes ‘in him all the fullness of deity dwells bodily.’ The language of God being ‘pleased to
dwell’ is used in Psalm 68:16 (LXX 67:16; cf. Deut 12:5) of Zion, the mountain where God would
reside forever So the ‘fullness’ of God being ‘pleased to dwell’ in Christ suggests an application of
the temple metaphor to the incarnation” (DNTB 1181).
ek tou ouranou). As we see in John’s Gospel, this is “a characteristically Johan-

nine expression for Christ’s manifestation (katabainō, = ‘descend’ used in John
3.13; 6.33, 38, 41, 42, 50, 51, 58)” (Court 158). The description of the angel com-
ing down in 10:1 reads very much like John 6:33, where Christ tells us he is “the
bread of God … which comes down out of heaven” (katabainōn ek tou ouranou)
(cp. Jn 6:41, 42, 50).
Some doubt that this strong angel is Christ because the vision does not
demand divinity, requiring instead that we weave together the various strands
of evidence (Carrell 136–38). Thus, it seems contrary to Christ’s unambigu-
ous appearances under various images elsewhere (e.g., 1:13; 5:6; 14:1; 19:11).
But this supposed ambiguity no more undercuts the interpretation than the
rather nondescript “someone said” of 11:1 undermines that utterance being
from Christ. That “someone” must, however, be Christ, for the same voice
introduces the two prophets as “my witnesses,” and they are surely Christ’s
(cp. 2:13; 17:6), who is himself “the faithful witness” (1:5) (Farrar 456n).
In fact, for Christ to appear as the Angel of the Lord here in chapter 10
is most appropriate, for as Beale (525) reminds us, “The divine angel of the
Lord himself appears in Judges in the prophetic role as God’s mediator of a
covenant lawsuit against sinful Israel (Jdg 2:1–3; 5:23; cf. 6:8, 10).” In his study
on the Angel of the Lord, Kline (1980: 84) points to Revelation 10 as “one fur-
ther passage identifying Christ as the Old Testament Angel. The Glory Angel
[is] introduced there in the role of covenant witness.” As I argue throughout
the commentary, this is the main point of Revelation: God’s covenant lawsuit
(divorce) against adulterous Israel. Immediately after this vision, John sees a
vision of the temple and the “two witnesses” who “prophesy” (11:3) to those in
Jerusalem (11:8). This fits perfectly with the divorce motif and judgment theme
of Revelation. In fact, in the next chapter we witness the judgment of the
physical temple by a “casting out” (ekballō). Since the temple is the “house of
God” (e.g., Ne 6:10; Ps 27:4; Da 5:3) where God dwells with his people (Pss 9:11;
74:2; 76:2; 132:13; Joel 3:17), this fits well with the divorce motif of Revelation.
God does not just cast his wife out of his house, but he even “casts out” the
house where she dwelled with him (see Excursus 10 at 11:2).
The mighty angel (Christ) comes down out of heaven holding in his hand
a little book which was open (10:2a). To say that the book is “opened,” John
uses the perfect participle ēneōgmenon, which speaks of a completed condition
and implies it is unchangeable: God’s purpose therein will be fulfilled; God’s
determination “must” (dei) come to pass (10:11; cp. 1:1; 22:6). Commentators
have long and vigorously debated the identity of this “little book” (biblaridion)
and its relationship to the “book” (biblion) of 5:1–9. Though many scholars dis-
tinguish the two, a significant number hold that the little book here in chapter
10 “is none other than the scroll taken by the Lamb in chapter 5” (Michaels
133–34).11 Bauckham (1993a: 243) holds that Frederick D. Mazzaferri estab-

lishes this “conclusively.”
The two books of chapters 5 and 10 appear to be the same for the fol-
lowing reasons. (1) Revelation’s flow suggests it: the earlier heavenly scenes
present the “book” (ch. 5) and reveal its gradual unsealing (chs. 6–8). It would
now properly be open at this juncture. John states twice that it is open (10:2, 8),
apparently for emphasis. (2) Previously we learned that only the Lamb (Christ)
can take the book to open it (5:3–8); here he descends from heaven holding it
open and in his hand (10:2). Thus, in both chapters Christ is in control of the
heavenly book. In fact, the last time we saw this book, he had it in hand as
he opened its seventh and final seal (8:1). (3) Both chapters set their scenery
with the same images: a “strong angel” (though the previous one is not Christ)
who cries out loudly (5:2; 10:3); a “lion” (5:5; 10:3); the prominent taking of the
book from the heavenly hand (5:7; 10:8–9); references to heaven, earth, and
sea (5:13a; 10:6b) and to God’s eternality (5:13b; 10:6a). (4) Both passages make
obvious allusion to Ezekiel 2 (Mounce 129, 202; Johnson 1981: 496).
That this book is called a “little book” (biblaridion, 10:2) rather than a
“book” (biblion, 5:1) does not necessarily distinguish them, as we may see from
the following:
(1) We cannot assign too much weight to biblaridion as a diminutive. It is
an extremely rare term, which we find in ancient Christian literature only in
this chapter of Revelation and in Hermas. In fact, biblion (5:1) is itself a dimin-
utive of biblos and often called a “faded diminutive” (cf. Mazzaferri 268).
(2) In 10:8 John uses biblaridion interchangeably with biblion, just as Her-
mas does (Vis. 2:1, 4).
(3) Diminutive forms elsewhere in Revelation do not signify smallness, as
with the “beast” (thērion) and the “lamb” (arnion).
(4) John refers to the “book of life” both as a biblion (Rev 13:8; 17:8; 20:12;
21:27) and a biblos (Rev 3:5; 20:15), which surely demands no distinction
between the references. Thus, “John does not employ a single formal diminu-
tive with diminutive force. This suggests that even biblaridion may not be an
exception” (Mazzaferri 269).
(5) Some commentators (e.g., Stuart 204–5; Adams 68; Keener 280)
argue that it contains the remaining prophecies of Revelation. If so, then
Revelation 11–22 contains more material than the visions in chapters 6–9,
thereby destroying any emphasis on its size.
11.Others who agree: Desprez 244; Terry 359; Clark 70–71; Ewald (cf. Stuart 2:205); Beasley-
Murray 171–72; Ford 165; Sweet 177; Wall 135; Boring 139–40; Koester 102; Moyise 1995: 77;
Mazzaferri 271–74; Rowland 98; Bauckham 1993b: 80–81; Brighton 250; Wilson 308–9; Resseguie
153; Boxall 152–53. For a helpful discussion, see Beale 530–32 who allows only that it is “possible,”
as does Keener 280–81.
(6) Even some commentators who distinguish the two books suggest that
size of “the little book” may not be emphasized at all (Morris 134). But if John
points to its smallness, he may be doing so in order to stress the largeness of
the “strong angel” striding land and sea (Michaels 133). It probably does not
indicate it is small enough for John to eat (Beale 526), because hyperbolic
imagery does not concern itself with the impossible, as when Christ holds the
stars and John in his hand (1:16–17) or when, after all the green grass is burned
up (8:7), we hear a command not to hurt the grass (9:4). Consequently, “with
one voice scholarship insists that John uses this diminutive with no diminu-
tive force whatever” (Mazzaferri, 269).
By bringing the book mentioned in Revelation 5 back into view, we learn
of the theological consequences of its opening, i.e., the redemptive-historical
results of the judgments upon Israel. In the preceding context, John notes that
Israel does “not repent” under God’s judgments after the Lamb unseals the
book (8:1; 9:21—10:1). Nevertheless, the larger purpose of God is not thereby
thwarted. As Revelation will ultimately demonstrate, John would agree with
Paul: “I say then, they did not stumble so as to fall, did they? May it never be!
But by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles, to make them
jealous” (Ro 11:11). We will discover in the following verses in this chapter and
in later chapters (chs. 20–22) that the devastation of Israel in AD 70 leads to
the full, permanent, and final inclusion of the Gentiles into the kingdom of
God. With this judgmental affirmation, the debates of Acts 11 and 15 and of
Galatians are dramatically and resoundingly resolved forever: The Gentiles
are now numbered among the people of God and are not subject to old cove-
nant ceremonial strictures.
Revelation 10:1—11:14 is an interlude: it precedes the sounding of the sev-
enth trumpet (11:15), which concludes the series that flows from the opening of
the seventh seal (8:1–2, 6–7). As such, this section of John’s prophecy functions
similarly to the interlude (7:1–17) before the breaking of the seventh seal (8:1).
Thus, it provides a “double function,” offering both a dramatic pause in the
action (“increasing suspense before the sounding of the last trumpet,” Boring
139) and explaining what is transpiring in order to encourage the beleaguered
church. It promises God’s protecting mercies upon elect Jews (i.e., Jewish
Christians, 7:4–8; 11:1) and highlights God’s redemptive victory for all nations
(7:9–12; 11:15–19) before the next series of intensifying judgments befalls apos-
tate Israel (e.g., 8:1ff.; 11:15ff.).
Presented in enormous stature and in dramatic posture, the mighty angel
(Christ) prominently strides sea and land: he placed his right foot on the sea
and his left on the land (10:2b). This is significant for John states this three
times for emphasis (10:2, 5, 8). Carrell makes an interesting observation: “The
resting of the right foot on the sea gives the impression that the sea is as
stable as the land to the angel—a reversal of the usual connotations of the sea
in Jewish tradition as a place of chaos” (Carrell 132–33).
Formulaic references to “sea and land” often signify “the totality of ter-
restrial things” (Swete 127; Ford 162; cf. Ex 20:4, 11; Jnh 1:9; Job 11:9; Pss 69:34;
146:6; Pr 8:29; Isa 42:10). This is a common expression in antiquity, for the
emperor Augustus writes of the shutting of the gateway of Janus Quirinus
“whenever victorious peace is secured by sea and by land throughout the
empire of the Roman people” (Res Gestae Divi Augusti 1:13–14). For something
to be under foot indicates it is under dominion (11:2; cp. 1Ki 5:3; Pss 8:6; 18:38;
Mal 4:3; Ro 16:20). And Christ—not angels—certainly does have dominion
over all things (Mt 28:18; Php 2:9–11; Col 1:16–17; Rev 17:14; 19:16; cp. Ps 110:1;
Mk 12:36; Ac 2:34; 1Co 15:25–27; Heb 1:3; 2:8), which is most relevant to John’s
message in Revelation (1:5–6; 17:14; 19:16). Just as chapter 1 shows Christ pro-
tectively walking among the churches and chapter 5 shows him triumphantly
at the throne of God, this chapter encourages the saints with the knowledge
of Christ’s victory. Despite their opponents Christians should “take courage
[for] I have overcome the world” (Jn 16:33).
Here, however, the phrase seems to drive to the same conclusion (uni-
versality) by a different route peculiar to John’s language and purpose. That
is, given the plot of Revelation’s drama, the “sea” appears to represent the
nations (Gentiles), and the “land” Israel (Jews) (Chilton 261–62; Leonard 72,
95–97). This interpretation aptly coheres with the central thrust of the vision:
Jew and Gentile relations (see “the mystery of God” exposition at 10:7). The
reference to Christ’s dominion over sea and land also anticipates the two
beasts, one from the sea (13:1) and the other from the Land (13:11). Those
beasts portray the Roman emperor (who rules the nations, Lk 2:1) and apos-
tate Judaism (headquartered in “the Land”).
It is somewhat unexpected to see the sea mentioned before the land, since
John usually mentions man’s realm (the earth) before the sea, as in 10:6 where
creation is mentioned (cp. also 5:13; 7:1–3; 12:12; 14:7). This order is justified
from Old Testament passages elsewhere (Pss 98:7; 144:7; Isa 5:26–30; 17:12–13;
57:20; 60:5; Jer 6:22–23; Eze 26:3, 19; Lk 21:25b). In fact, Christ’s straddling sea
and land in Revelation 10 leads directly to his prophecy regarding “many peo-
ples and nations” (10:11; cp. Eze 26:3) which suggests people are particularly in
view, rather than mountains, plains, and rivers. The earth and sea are targets
of Satanic action in Revelation 12:12, which surely signifies woes upon people
rather than upon solids and liquids. By now, we are quite familiar with Israel’s
designation as “the Land” (cf. 1:7; 7:1ff.; Excursus 7 at 6:10).
Though I believe the Gentile/Israel interpretation of the sea/land is most
likely, it may not seem as compelling in this context in Revelation as in oth-
ers. But even if we discount this more direct “sea = Gentile / land = Israel”
interpretation, the common exposition can arrive at the same conclusion.

After all, universal dominion involves dominion over all peoples (cf. Mt 28:18;
Lk 24:47). And people are found on land and sea—i.e., everywhere. Neverthe-
less, the New Testament frequently sets Gentile and Jew over against each
other. After all, “is God the God of Jews only? Is He not the God of Gentiles
also? Yes, of Gentiles also” (Ro 3:29).12 When we consider the “mystery” in
verse 7 this will become all the more apparent.
Christ’s sovereignty is effectively emphasized in another way: He cried
out with a loud voice, as when a lion roars (10:3a). The lion’s powerful roar
is the terrifying sound of victory (Isa 5:29; Jer 2:15; Eze 22:25; Am 3:4). God’s
voice is sometimes equated with the lion’s (Hos 11:10; Am 1:2; 3:8). Jewish
apocalyptic likens Messiah’s victory with a lion roaring: “And as for the lion
that you saw rousing up out of the forest and roaring and speaking to the eagle
and reproving him for his unrighteousness, and as for all his words that you
have heard, this is the Messiah whom the Most High has kept until the end of
days” (4 Ezra 12:31, interpreting the fifth vision in 4 Ezra 11).
Now we come upon another conundrum that has long perplexed com-
mentators: and when he had cried out, the seven peals of thunder uttered
their voices (10:3b). The “seven peals of thunder” (10:3–4) flow naturally from
the imagery of the “cloud” surrounding Christ (10:1; cp. Ex 19:16; 2Sa 22:12–
14; Job 36:29; Pss 18:11–13; 77:17–18). Elsewhere John also associates thunder
with the voice of an angel speaking to Christ (Jn 12:28–29) just before Christ’s
announcement of the world’s judgment and Satan’s being cast out of heaven
(Jn 12:31), themes appropriate to Revelation’s context (11:15; 12:3–4).
The problem with this thundering arises when we read with disap-
pointment that when the seven peals of thunder had spoken, I was about to
write;13 and I heard a voice from heaven saying, “Seal up the things which
the seven peals of thunder have spoken, and do not write them” (10:4). The
“voice from heaven” is probably God’s, not Christ’s because he (“the strong
angel”) is standing on the earth (10:2, 5). “Nearly all” (Osborne 396) commen-
tators agree that John draws this imagery from Psalm 29, where “the voice
of the Lord” is mentioned seven times and is associated there with “thun-
der” (Ps 29:3; cf. Kiddle 169; Kistemaker 311; Beale 535). John refers to these
as “the seven thunders” (hai hepta brontai), with the definite article implying
that the thunders are familiar, perhaps from Psalm 29. The psalm has several
additional parallels with John’s vision, as we see when consulting the LXX:
The Lord is ascribed “strength” (Ps 29:1) and gives “strength” to his people (iskun,
Ps 29:11); this is a “strong” (ischuron) angel (Rev 10:1). His voice is on the waters
12. See also Lk 2:32; Ac 4:27; 9:15; 14:2, 5; 21:11, 21; 26:17, 23; Ro 9:24; 11:25; 1Co 1:23; Gal 2:14.
13. Note that John was “about to write,” which may suggest that John recorded the visions as
they came to him, not later (Stuart 207).
(Ps 29:3); the angel stands on the sea (Rev 10:2, 5). His voice (phōnē) is “pow-
erful” and “majestic” (Ps 29:4); the angel cries out with a “loud voice” (phōnē,
Rev 10:3). His voice creates “fire” (puros, Ps 29:7); the angel has feet like pillars
of “fire” (puros, Rev 10:1). His voice “uncovers” (apokalupsei, Ps 29:9), whereas a
voice from heaven commands John to “seal” (sphragison) what he has heard (Rev
10:4). He sits as king “forever” (eis ton aiōnon, Ps 29:10); the angel swears by him
who lives “forever and ever” (eis tous aiōnas tōn aiōnōn, Rev 10:6).
But what do these thunders “speak”? And why does the voice from heaven
command John to “seal up” their message and forbid him to “write them”?
As Beckwith reasonably observes, the thunders must signify something for us
(Beckwith 578), for why else would they be mentioned in such a highly struc-
tured book?
We may not know specifically what the peals of thunder “spoke”—after
all, John must “seal” them up. In fact, John emphasizes this by noting the
command both to “seal” the vision and not to write it down (10:4). Sealed
documents are by definition unknowable (Isa 29:11; Da 12:4). Who are we to
intrude into the secret things of God (Dt 29:29)? Nevertheless, we may at
least surmise the general idea: as “peals of thunder” they signify the prospect
of further divine wrath (Rev 8:5; 11:19; 16:18; cp. Ex 9:23ff.; 19:16, 19; 1Sa 7:10;
12:17; Ps 29:3; Isa 29:6).
And we may be sure that their sealing (and consequent suppression)
relates to the symbolic actions that immediately follow in this intricately
woven work, actions that emphasize that “there shall be delay no longer”
(10:6) because “the mystery of God is finished” (10:8; cp. 16:17).
It would seem, then, that to interpose this further series of thunder judg-
ments would effectively forestall the final conclusion toward which God’s wrath
is moving. Many commentators wrongly transport the promise of no delay into
the distant future and declare that John is speaking “from the perspective of
that future time” (Brighton 251; cp. Beasley-Murray 168). Bauckham (1993b: 82;
cp. 1993a: 259) points out that given the previous progress from one-fourth, to
one-third, we might here have expected one-half to be judged. But God is here
“cutting short” the time, as it were (cf. Mk 13:20; Caird 126).
Having witnessed one series of judgments (the trumpets) arising from
another (the seals), the audience needs to know that this partial fulfillment will
not continue any more. The next series of judgments (the bowls) will be the
last (15:1). The basic significance of this vision is expressed in the announce-
ment “that there will be no more delay” (Rowland 97). God’s hastening on Rev-
elation’s progress by suppressing the thunder series underscores his concern
with the martyr’s cry for final vengeance and his promise that it will be “soon”
(6:9–11; cp. Lk 18:8). This is another indicator of the nearness of the events of
Revelation, for God acts to cut short these further actions so that the climax
may be hurried along.
b. The Strong Angel and the Solemn Oath (10:5–7)

10:5 Then the angel whom I saw standing on the sea and on the land lifted up
his right hand to heaven, 6 and swore by Him who lives forever and ever, who
created heaven and the things in it, and the earth and the things in it, and the
sea and the things in it, that there shall be delay no longer, 7 but in the days
of the voice of the seventh angel, when he is about to sound, then the mystery
of God is finished, as He preached to His servants the prophets.
Now John reports that the angel lifted up his right hand to heaven, and
swore by Him who lives forever and ever, who created heaven and the things
in it, and the earth and the things in it, and the sea and the things in it (10:5–
6a). The oath swears by him “who created heaven and earth” and seems to tie
back into the throne vision where God is praised as the Creator (4:11). Though
by itself certainly not conclusive, this linkage fits nicely with the argument
that the two scrolls of chapters 5 and 10 are the same, as well as the Lamb and
the “strong angel” (note also Christ’s relation to creation, 3:14).
We discover the exact model for this image in Daniel 12:7, which exercises
an important eschatological influence upon John, here and elsewhere (Beale
539–40): “I heard the man dressed in linen, who was above the waters of the
river, as he raised his right hand and his left toward heaven, and swore by Him
who lives forever that it would be for a time, times, and half a time; and as
soon as they finish shattering the power of the holy people, all these events
will be completed.” Before interpreting John’s echo, it will be helpful to briefly
summarize the message of the vital portion of Daniel 12.
In Daniel 12:1 we find “a time of distress [LXX: thlipseōs],” an episode of
unparalleled trauma for Israel “such as never occurred [LXX: ou gegonen] since
there was a nation.” Undoubtedly Jesus alludes to this passage in his Olivet
Discourse: “For then there will be a great tribulation [thlipsis megalē], such as
has not occurred [ou gegonen] since the beginning of the world until now, nor
ever will” (Mt 24:21). Daniel 12:1 and Matthew 24:21 refer, then, to what John
calls “the great tribulation [tēs thlipseōs megalēs]” in Revelation 7:14.
In Daniel 12:2–3 the prophet views the nation as a grave site under the
curse of God (they are in the “dust,” Ge 3:19; Job 7:21; 20:11; 21:26; Pss 7:5;
22:15; 90:3; 104:29; Ecc 3:20; 12:7; Isa 26:19). This is much like the situation in
his contemporary Ezekiel’s vision of dry bones (Eze 37).14 As Jesus expresses
Israel’s situation in AD 70: “Wherever the corpse is, there the vultures will
14. Thus, Daniel 12 does not directly teach individual, bodily resurrection. Nevertheless, the
fact that it uses such language shows that a literal bodily resurrection lay behind the image, and
so it indirectly affirms the future bodily resurrection.
The Strong Angel and the Solemn Oath (10:5–7) 857
gather” (Mt 24:28). In Daniel’s tribulation imagery, many in moribund Israel

will awaken, as it were, to suffer the full fury of the divine wrath, while oth-
ers will enjoy the grace of God in everlasting life. In Daniel 12:3 we read of
“those who lead the many to righteousness,” which speaks of conversions to
Christ among the first-century Jews (Clarke 4:617; cp. Mt 24:31). Luke employs
similar imagery in Luke 2:34 in a prophecy about the results of Jesus’s birth
for Israel: “Simeon blessed them, and said to Mary His mother, ‘Behold, this
Child is appointed for the fall and rise of many in Israel, and for a sign to be
opposed.’ ” This parallel of divine blessing and divine curse, life and death (cf.
Ro 11:15), for those in Israel is a frequent theme (under varied images) in Rev-
elation:15 Some Jews are protected from the winds of judgment, others are not
(7:1–9); some are measured for safe-keeping in the temple, others are not (11:1–
2); some stand high upon Mount Zion in safety, others do not (14:1–4). Daniel
draws on imagery based on the future, literal resurrection of the body and
applies it symbolically to portray the deliverance of many Jews from within
the “body” of Israel that would perish in the great tribulation.
In Daniel 12:4, the prophet receives a command to seal up his message
until Israel’s end, thus delaying its prophesied actions. John’s sealing in Revela-
tion 10 serves the opposite purpose: the command he receives will hasten that
end by removing from consideration any new series of judgments (the seven
thunders) occurring before Israel’s final bowl judgments (16:1). Also in Revela-
tion 22:6, John receives a command precisely the opposite of Daniel’s, so that
Revelation as a whole will not be sealed, allowing its soon-coming fulfillment.
In Daniel 12:5–7, Daniel sees an image that forms the pattern of John’s
vision in Revelation 10:5. There is a man (angel) standing above the waters
uttering an oath to the eternal God. This man promises that the events of
Israel’s end will be finished, transpiring within a period of “a time, times, and
half a time,” which is apparently one year, two years, and half a year—or
John’s three and one-half years, which is forty-two months (Rev 11:2). In Daniel
12:8, Daniel is perplexed about the outcome of his prophecy. He knows nei-
ther when (Da 12:6) nor how (Da 12:8) these prophecies will come to pass. But
according to Revelation 10:6–7, John is informed both when and how they will
transpire, since he lives at the beginning of the end-time period (which begins
during Christ’s earthly ministry, Ac 2:16–17, 24; 1Co 10:11; 2Ti 3:1; Heb 1:1–2;
9:26; 1Jn 2:18; 1Pe 1:20).
Returning to Revelation 10, we note that with his arm outstretched to
heaven, Christ (the strong angel) assumes the common posture of oath swear-
ing (cp. Ge 14:22; Dt 32:40; Isa 62:8; Da 12:7), with the Deuteronomy and Daniel
15. See my discussion of Luke 2:34 in Bock 1999: 252–54. My discussion of Romans 11:15 is
found in that same work on pages 141–42.
passages forming the backdrop (Beale 537; Carrell 135). He swears an oath
on a dramatically lengthened name of God that emphasizes God’s absolute
sovereignty over all things: he swore by Him who lives forever and ever, who
created heaven and the things in it, and the earth and the things in it, and the
sea and the things in it (10:6). His swearing will result in sure consequences.
Significantly, Deuteronomy 32:41, the verse just after our oath-taking context,
contains a promise of divine vengeance upon God’s enemies: “If I sharpen My
flashing sword, / And My hand takes hold on justice,/ I will render vengeance
on My adversaries, / And I will repay those who hate Me” (Dt 32:41). Lupieri
(170) surmises that “this may well indicate John’s desire to be very specific
about the way in which God’s mystery is realized,” that is, through judgment
on Israel.
It is significant that the strong angel’s oath is rooted in creation, since this
reflects God’s covenant revelation to Israel. “The opening chapters of the Book
of Genesis [are] part of the historical prologue to God’s covenant with Israel,”
wherein is “set forth an account of the creation of the heavens and the earth.”16
Therefore, God often calls heaven and earth to witness in covenant transac-
tions (Dt 4:26; 30:19; 31:28; 32:1) and lawsuits (Mic 1:2; Isa 1:2; cp. Mic 6:2). For
instance, “I call heaven and earth to witness against you today, that you will
surely perish quickly from the land where you are going over the Jordan to
possess it. You shall not live long on it, but will be utterly destroyed” (Dt 4:26).
This oath rooted in creation anticipates the conclusion to Revelation: the
coming of the new heavens and new earth (21:1ff.). As God’s judgments befall
Israel, he is fully opening the way for worldwide redemptive transformation,17
which will come to its conclusion in the consummate new heavens and new
earth (2Pe 3:13). The new heavens / earth / Jerusalem come in the permanent
establishing of Christianity as God judges Israel and destroys the temple sys-
tem in AD 70. Consequently, the new order began legally and spiritually under
Christ and his Apostles;18 it was confirmed publicly and dramatically in AD
70 by the removal of the typological, old covenant order (which was “ready
to disappear,” Heb 8:13) so that the final new covenant order could be firmly
established (Heb 12:22–28).
Some see this oath-making as counter-evidence to the mighty angel
being Christ: “the swearing of an oath … does not look like an action of Christ”
16. Mark W. Karlberg, Covenant Theology in Reformed Perspective: Collected Essays and Book
Review in Historical, Biblical, and Systematic Theology (Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2000), 363.
17. The salvation of the world through the progress of redemption is a recurring theme in
Johannine literature (Jn 1:29; 3:17; 12:31–32; 1Jn 2:2; 4:14; Rev 7:9; 15:4; 22:2). See Gentry 2009:
ch. 12; Benjamin B. Warfield, “Jesus Christ the Propitiation for the Whole World,” in Gentry
2003: ch. 3.
18. For example, 2Co 5:17; Gal. 6:15. Cp. Lk 4:16–21; Eph. 2:10; 2:12–16; 4:24.
(Morris 134; cp. Beckwith 580; Ladd 141; Mounce 201). Of course, since Christ
is God, this form of doubt should result in perplexity also in Christ’s calling
God “My God” (3:2, 12). Furthermore, does he not appear as a “witness” in
Revelation (1:5; 3:14)? In John’s drama, the economic Trinity lies closer to the
surface than the ontological Trinity due to the emphasis on Christ’s death
(1:18; 2:8; 5:6; God cannot die, 4:9; 10:6) and his being the sacrificial Lamb (the
Lamb is Revelation’s central figure, appearing twenty-seven times in chs. 5–7,
12–15, 17, 19, 21–22).
That this argument would be so widely presented is remarkable in that
many places in Scripture show God swearing oaths19—sometimes in a similar
form, established on his identity as the living God (Nu 14:21, 28; Isa 49:18;
Jer 22:24; Eze 5:11). In the Song of Moses, which was given to Israel from the
“pillar of cloud” at the door of the tent of meeting (Dt 32:14, 15, 22), the Lord
swore: “Indeed, I lift up My hand to heaven, and say, as I live forever” (Dt
32:40; cp. Jer 44:26). This song opens with a call for witnesses (Dt 32:1) to tes-
tify that Israel is “His people” (Dt 32:9) whom he cared for in the wilderness
(Dt 32:10–12). He warns Israel not to make him “jealous” (Dt 32:16, 21).20
Here Christ is appearing in the judicial imagery of Revelation as the
“witness” par excellence to God’s covenantal integrity (1:5; 3:14), making this
oath ceremony conform to one of the main purposes in Revelation. He is, in
effect, appearing as the “angel of the covenant” (Mal 3:1) to “witness” regard-
ing “judgment” (Mal 3:5) against rebellious Israel (Mal 3:3–15). In Malachi 3:2,
the question arises: “Who can endure the day of His coming? And who can
stand when He appears?” This reminds us of the sixth seal, which speaks of
the “presence of Him who sits on the throne and the wrath of the Lamb” (6:16)
and leads to the question, “The great day of their wrath has come, and who is
able to stand?’ ” (6:17). It also suggests the question regarding the scroll in its
sealed state: “Who is worthy?” (5:2). The Lamb alone is worthy, and here he
appears as the worthy witness against Israel.
The sworn oath solemnly declares that there shall be delay no longer
(10:6b) because the mystery of God is finished (etelesthē; 10:7b). The strong
adversative alla immediately follows the declaration of no further delay,
thereby emphasizing the approaching end (telein) in view: “there shall be delay
no longer, but.… ” The KJV may imply that temporal history is concluding
because it reads, “there should be time no longer.” This view is urged by some
commentators: “It refers to the end of this world when time itself will cease to
be” (Osborne 400; cp. Milligan 159; Barker 185; Beale 539, but cp. 543). Most
19. Ge 22:16; Ex 6:8; 32:13; Nu 14:30; Pss 28:2; 63:4; Isa 45:23; 54:9; Jer 49:13; Eze 20:5; 36:7;
44:12; Am 6:8; Heb 6:13.
20. “In the Pentateuch we hear of Yahweh’s jealousy, an emotion that is only proper to an
exclusive relationship like marriage” (DBI 539).
modern translations and contemporary commentators follow a rendering that

speaks of “delay,” rather than the cessation of the temporal order. In fact,
according to Mazzaferri (280) this is “the strong scholarly consensus.”
This oath indicates that time has run out for Israel: her final judgment
has come (Mt 21:33–45; 22:1–10); the end of the old covenant era is rapidly
approaching (Heb 8:13; cp. Jn 4:21). Earlier, when Jesus prophesied the temple’s
destruction, he granted Israel a “generation” (forty years, Nu 32:13; Ps 95:10)
to repent (Mt 24:34; cp. Mt 24:6b, 8). As time unfolds toward AD 70, that delay
is almost over.
As a result, “the mystery of God is finished,” as the seventh trumpet pre-
pares to sound: in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he is about to
sound (10:7a). This trumpet finally sounds when the present interlude concludes
(11:15) and the time arrives for “the dead to be judged” (11:18). When this oath
declares there shall “be delay [chronos] no longer,” it is answering the lingering
question raised in 6:10: “How long” will it be before God avenges the blood of
the saints? In 6:11, they are told to wait “a little while [chronon] longer.”
This also anticipates the final, secure adoption of the Gentiles into God’s
kingdom that He preached to His servants the prophets (10:7b). Though this
glorious truth regarding the Gentiles (see below) rings throughout the New
Testament, given the Judaic flavor of John’s drama, he seems to have in mind
especially the Old Testament expectation. This seems so since the Old Tes-
tament frequently refers to “my servants” or “his servants the prophets.”21 It
repeatedly promises salvation to the Gentiles, beginning with the Abrahamic
covenant itself (Ge 12:3; Ps 22:27; Isa 2:2–4; 19:23–25; cp. Ac 3:25; Gal 3:8).22
One of the most powerful of those Old Testament statements is Isaiah 19:23–
25, where God promises Israel’s arch-enemies Egypt and Assyria an equal
portion with Israel in the kingdom of God. The New Testament even calls
the gospel inclusion of the Gentiles a “mystery,” for Paul (the apostle to the
Gentiles, Ac 9:14; 22:21; 26:17; Ro 1:5; 11:13; 15:16; Gal 1:16; 2:7; Eph 3:1, 8; 1Ti
2:7; 2Ti 4:17) writes, “By revelation there was made known to me the mystery,
as I wrote before in brief. By referring to this, when you read you can under-
stand my insight into the mystery of Christ, which in other generations was
not made known to the sons of men, as it has now been revealed to His holy
apostles and prophets in the Spirit; to be specific, that the Gentiles are fellow
heirs and fellow members of the body, and fellow partakers of the promise
in Christ Jesus through the gospel” (Eph 3:3–6; cp. Ro 16:25–26; Col 1:25–27).
Feuillet (1964: 221) correctly observes that “for St. Paul the mystery (of
God or of Christ) consists particularly in the inclusion of the Gentiles in the
21. 2Ki 9:7; 17:13, 23; 21:10; 24:2; Jer 7:25; 25:4; 26:5; 29:19; 35:15; 44:4; Eze 38:17; Da 9:6, 10; Am
3:7; Zec 1:6.
22. Cp. Mt 8:10–12; 28:18–20; Ro 11:16–17.
Church,” noting that “the sense does not seem to be much different here”
in Revelation 10. Beale notes the “striking parallel” between the context of
Revelation 10 and that of Romans 16:25–26, which reads, “Now to Him who is
able to establish you according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ,
according to the revelation of the mystery which has been kept secret for
long ages past, but now is manifested, and by the Scriptures of the prophets,
according to the commandment of the eternal God, has been made known
to all the nations, leading to obedience of faith.” The correspondences are
certainly remarkable:
Revelation 10 Romans 16
God “lives forever and ever” (v. 6) “the eternal God” (v. 26)
“preached” (v. 7) “preaching” (v. 25)
“mystery of God” (v. 7) “mystery” (v. 25)
“the prophets” (v. 7) “the prophets” (v. 26)
“nations” (v. 11) “the nations” (v. 26)
As long as the temple stands, confusion veils the proper approach to God:
Does one have to accept the Jewish ritualistic approach to God, or not (Ac
11:1–3; 15:1–3, 12–17; 20:26–28, 34–36, 44–45; Gal 2:8–14)?23 But when the tem-
ple finally collapses into dusty oblivion, the spiritual truth of the breaking
down of the “barrier of the dividing wall”24 is permanently secured and pub-
licly affirmed (Mt 21:43; 22:1–10; 24:29–31;25 Eph 2:14–17). The Old Testament
dispensation is forever closed (Heb 8:13; 12:25–28; cp. Jn 4:21; Gal 4:22–31; Rev
21:22; Mal 1:11; 1Ti 2:8).
While the first-century temple stood, however, it carried within it a
constant and tangible reminder of the exclusion of Gentiles: “When you go
through these [first] cloisters, unto the second [court of the] temple, there
was a partition made of stone all round, whose height was three cubits:
its construction was very elegant; upon it stood pillars, at equal distances
from one another, declaring the law of purity, some in Greek, and some in
Roman letters, that ‘no foreigner should go within that sanctuary’ for that
second [court of the] temple was called ‘the Sanctuary’ ” (Jos., J.W. 5:5:2 §194;
cp. 6:2:4 §124, 125).26 Paul was assaulted on one occasion when the Jews
thought he had brought Gentiles past this wall (Ac 21:27–31; 24:6).
Feuillet (1964: 255) argues that the “catastrophe of 70 A.D. brought
23. For helpful insights into the Judaizing problem, see Barnett 1990: chs. 6–8.
24. See discussion of the barrier wall in my exposition of 11:2.
25. See my discussion of Mt 24:29–31 in Gentry 1999: ch. 2. See also France 1987: 345.
26. See also Philo, Alleg. Interp. 212; Mishnah, Mid. 2:3; Kelim 1:8.
about the final separation of the Church from the synagogue.” As Adams (67)
observes, “The predominantly Jewish nature of the church was to be ended
by the destruction of the temple, the distinctive feature in which it centered.”
Consequently, as Renan (141) expresses it, “the native land of Jesus was to
be of no account in the history of Christianity.” This had been forty years
coming: In Acts, Paul is increasingly frustrated with the Jewish mission while
he serves as the “preacher of eschatological repentance to Israel” (Moessner
96). In Acts 13:46 we read, “Paul and Barnabas spoke out boldly and said,
‘It was necessary that the word of God should be spoken to you first; since
you repudiate it, and judge yourselves unworthy of eternal life, behold, we
are turning to the Gentiles.’ ” The Jews blaspheme (slander) in Revelation 2:9
and 3:9, and we find the same thing happening in Luke’s description of Paul’s
denunciation of the Jews in Acts 18:6: “When they resisted and blasphemed,
he shook out his garments and said to them, ‘Your blood be upon your own
heads! I am clean. From now on I shall go to the Gentiles’ ” (cp. Mt 27:25). He
declared himself “innocent of the blood of all men” (Ac 20:26), and in context,
especially the Jews (Ac 20:19, 21). He did this because he was preaching “the
whole purpose of God” to them, including the blood of Christ (Act 20:26–28).
Paul’s last recorded debate with the Jews in Rome concluded with him citing
Isaiah 6:9–10 against Israel as a hardened people, “dull” with “closed” eyes (Ac
28:26–27). Then he declared: “Let it be known to you that this salvation of God
has been sent to the Gentiles; they will also listen” (Ac 28:28).
The next chapter in Revelation will focus on the removal of the temple
(11:1–2a), the survival of nascent Christianity through that event (11:2b–13),
and the consequent opening of the temple in heaven (11:19). Ultimately,
Christ’s trans-national kingdom was publicly and dramatically declared with
the collapse of Jerusalem (11:15; cp. Mt 8:10–12; Mk 9:1), having been formally
and legally secured at the cross and symbolized in the rending of the tem-
ple veil (Mt 27:51//; cp. Heb 9:8).27 But before AD 70 the writer of Hebrews
admits that “now we do not yet see all things subjected to him” (Heb 2:8); he
looks to the collapse of the temple system as evidence we “are receiving”
(paralambanontes) the kingdom of Christ (Heb 12:25–28;28 cp. 8:13). This has
27. The temple’s destruction became an apologetic for early medieval Christians. See Gentry
2002: 125–26.
28. Hebrews, like Revelation, shows the superiority and permanent establishment of Christianity
over Judaism, while looking to the destruction of the temple as that event finally marking the
great transition. The “created things” that will be shaken and removed (Heb 12:27; cp. 8:13; 10:9)
represent the earthly temple and its implements (Heb 9:6, 8, 11, 24; cp. Mk 14:58). See Moses
Stuart, A Commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews (London: H. Fisher, R. Fisher, and P. Jackson,
1834), 520–21; Francis S. Salmon, Critical Commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews, ed. Robert L.
Dabney (New York: Robert Carter, 1856), 461–62; Frederic Rendall, The Epistle to the Hebrews: In
Greek and English with Critical and Explanatory Notes (London: Macmillan, 1883), 134; Gill 9:481–82;
already been intimated just prior to the breaking of the seventh seal (7:9—8:1);
here it is unambiguously declared by judicial oath.29 “Christianity only became
a world religion (or kingdom—to use the biblical term) after it became totally
disassociated from Judaism in 70 A.D.” (Adams 70). “The Christian dispen-
sation, which has replaced Judaism, is the final dispensation” (Feuillet 1964:
225).
Not only did apostolic Christianity tend to view itself in Jewish categories
(hence the various Judaic controversies in the church, e.g., Ac 11; 15; Gal), but
Rome allowed its practice as a religio licita on this assumption. Earlier in the first
half of the first century, Rome did not see a distinction between Judaism and its
Christian sect. We see this problem in the imperial confusion under Claudius
when Jews were banished from Rome because of “Chrestus” (Christ).30
After AD 70, Rome would no longer conflate the two. Many scholars note
that Rome began to recognize Christianity as a separate religion and increas-
ingly regarded it as a religio illicita in the period beginning with Nero’s opening
persecution (AD 64) and ending in the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem
(AD 70).31 Workman confidently asserts that
we can date with some certainty this distinction in the official mind
between Jew and Christian as first becoming clear in the summer of 64.
The acquittal of St. Paul in 61 or 62—an event we may fairly assume
as probable—is proof that in that year Christianity, a distinct name for
which was only slowly coming into use, could still claim that it was a
religio licita … still recognized as a branch of Judaism.… At any rate, both
Nero and Rome now clearly distinguished between the religio licita of
Judaism and the new sect.… The destruction of Jerusalem would remove
the last elements of confusion.32
“Once Christianity presented itself in the eyes of the law and the author-
ities as a religion distinct from that of Judaism, its character as a religio illicita
was assured. No express decree was needed to make this plain. In fact, the
Clarke 6:783; Russell 1887: 288–91; Barnes 1339; Arthur W. Pink, An Exposition of Hebrews (Grand
Rapids: Baker, 1954), 1056–104. See also (hesitantly) Donald Guthrie 1985: 264–65, and (partially)
B. F. Westcott, The Epistle to the Hebrews: The Greek Text with Notes and Essays, 3rd. ed. (London:
Macmillan, 1903), 423.
29. For further discussion of the change of relationship between Jew and Gentile, see
comments at Rev 20:1–3.
30. Suet., Claud. 25:4: “Since the Jews constantly made disturbances at the instigation of
Chrestus, he expelled them from Rome.” That Christians were affected by this banishment is
evident from Ac 18:2. Obviously, the fact that many Christians were Jewish at this time prompted
the Romans to consider Christianity a Jewish sect.
31. Ramsay 1897: 251; HCC 1:377–81; Workman 57; Sweet 28; Peake 94.
32. Workman 22. Cp. Witherington 2001b: 338.
‘non licet’ was rather the presupposition underlying all the imperial rescripts
against Christianity” (Harnack 1:488). John presents us with this great real-
ity in 11:15–17 when he records the majestic announcement declaring Christ’s
assumption of power and his possession of the kingdom of the world.
All of this fits perfectly with the redemptive-historical setting of Revela-
tion, as I discuss in my Introduction. Revelation 10 establishes the new cov-
enantal theological motif of equal salvation to Jew and Gentile. Chapter 11
focuses on the historical outworking of this theological transaction through
the collapse of the temple system: the Christ of Revelation 10 claims the
redemptive-historical principle; the Christ of 11:15–17 receives the historical
results. Then in Revelation 12, John backs up to give a little broader historical
context by displaying the ethical implications of all of this: Satanic resistance
to Christ’s international rule, beginning with his assault upon the newborn
Christ, then his followers. The large role exorcism played in Christ’s ministry
illustrates the collision of two kingdoms locked in a life-and-death struggle.
c. The Little Book and John’s Recommissioning (10:8–11)

10:8 Then the voice which I heard from heaven, I heard again speaking with
me, and saying, “Go, take the book which is open in the hand of the angel
who stands on the sea and on the land.” 9 So I went to the angel, telling him
to give me the little book. And he said to me, “Take and eat it; it will make
your stomach bitter, but in your mouth it will be sweet as honey.” 10 I took
the little book out of the angel’s hand and ate it, and in my mouth it was sweet
as honey; and when I had eaten it, my stomach was made bitter. 11 And they
said to me, “You must prophesy again about many peoples and nations and
tongues and kings.”
This sub-section opens with John’s statement that the voice which I heard
from heaven, I heard again speaking with me (10:8a). The articular hē phonē
refers back to the unidentified voice from heaven that he heard in verse 4.
Notice that he hears the voice “from heaven” one more time: “again” (palin).
Smalley (266) observes that John’s use of the present active participles lalou-
san (“speaking”) and legousan (“saying”) “emphasizes in this context the active,
and no longer passive, role which John is about to play in the drama.” As we
will see, he soon receives commands directing him to take the book, eat it, and
prophesy (10:9, 11), and after that to measure the temple (11:1).
As I noted briefly earlier, John’s backdrop for this vision is Ezekiel 2:8—3:3.
There Ezekiel receives a “scroll” (LXX: bibliou, Eze 2:8–9) from a “hand” (cheir,
2:9) with a command to eat it (phage, 3:1). He then comments as he eats the
scroll that it is “in my mouth sweet as honey” (en stomati mou, hōs meli gluka-
zon, 3:3). After that, he hears a command to go and speak the words on the
scroll (3:4, 11).
The Little Book and John’s Recommissioning (10:8–11) 865
Similarly, in Revelation 10 John receives a book (biblion) which is in a hand

(en tē cheiri) (10:8:b) and hears a command to take and eat it (kataphage, 10:9b).
He then learns that it will be in your mouth sweet as honey (en tō stomati sou
estai gluku ōs meli, 10:9b), and after he eats it he states that in my mouth it was
sweet as honey (hēn en tō stomati mou hōs meli gluku, 10:10b). He then hears a
further command to prophesy (10:11b; see below). Again we see John’s con-
tinuing use of Old Testament sources and his assumption of the prophetic
mantle.
As Beckwith argues (578ff.; cp. Smalley 268), this episode is not another
commissioning of John for a new and different task (against Beale 550). This
must be a renewal of John’s previous commission for the following reasons:
(1) As we have seen, this little book seems to be the previous book now
opened. John does not refer to this book again later as we might expect if it
introduces a new commission.
(2) A new commission would assume that the previous commission had
run its course, though the seventh trumpet has yet to sound (11:15).
(3) John’s original commission in 1:11 and 19 surely includes the whole
of Revelation otherwise that commission would not involve Revelation’s
conclusions.
(4) Furthermore, Ezekiel’s scroll-eating (Eze 2:9—3:3) forms the obvious
backdrop for John’s action, and Ezekiel was then being urged to obedient fulfill-
ment of his previous call (cf. Eze 3:10,17, 27) which was given prior to this action
(Eze 2:4–7). Such seems to be the case with John also.
Thus, John (like Ezekiel) is re-energized and constrained (cp. Eze 3:10; Jer
15:16; Job 23:12) by his bibliophagism. Here in Revelation, the heavenly voice
commands John to “take and eat” (10:9b), urging him to continue his commis-
sion—despite the extreme bitterness it brings, which could make him reluc-
tant: it will make your stomach bitter (10:9b) / my stomach was made bitter
(10:10c). The commission is reiterated and intensified due to John’s natural
revulsion, especially as the climax of Revelation is approaching.
Remember that John is a Jew whom we see just before Jesus’ ascension
still hoping for God’s blessings upon Israel “at this time” (Ac 1:6). The judg-
ments upon Jerusalem and his people are surely bitter to him (cp. Mt 24:1; Gal
2:9). Like Paul he could well say, “I wish that I myself were accursed, separated
from Christ for the sake of my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh”
(Ro 9:3).
Both syntactically and symbolically, John emphasizes here that eating the
book causes bitterness. Syntactically, the verb “embitter” (pikranei) appears
first for emphasis. John’s statement literally reads, “it will embitter your stom-
ach [pikranei sou tēn koilian].” This embittering also appears as the opening
and closing of a chiasm in 10:9–10: bitter / sweet / sweet / bitter. Symbolically,
the bitterness is not a passing taste on the tongue but a lasting nausea in
the stomach. If the drama were emphasizing the sweetness at this point, we
would expect that the ephemeral taste would be bitter while the more signifi-
cant result in the stomach would be enjoyable.33
Ford (165–66) argues that the ordeal of jealousy in Numbers 5:11–31 lies
behind John’s imagery here. In that legislation a husband who suspects his
wife of adultery is to bring her before the priest for testing. The priest then
takes some of the dust from the floor of the tabernacle and mixes it in water to
concoct “the water of bitterness that brings a curse” (Nu 5:18; cp. 5:19, 23, 24,
27). He has the woman swear an oath (5:21) while he writes curses on a scroll
and washes the inscribed scroll with that water (Nu 5:23). The woman is to
drink the water (Nu 5:24, 27) and if her stomach swells, this is a sign that she
is guilty (Nu 5:27). This was a well-known law in Israel: Josephus mentions it as
evidence of God’s opposition to adultery (Ant. 3:11:6 §270–273); the Mishnaic
tractate Sotah deals extensively with this law. In Numbers Rabbah 9:49, this law
applies to the covenant relation between God and Israel (Ford 166). On Ford’s
interpretation, John is acting out the ordeal of jealousy as a sign against Israel,
since his book is highlighting Israel’s adultery against her husband (God) and
bringing judgment against her for it.
Ford’s interpretation could be valid, despite the fact that John’s primary
backdrop is clearly Ezekiel 1–3. Ford suggests that Ezekiel’s passage itself has
Numbers 5 as its backdrop. So here in Revelation, John could involve a sec-
ondary allusion to Numbers 5. This would not be unusual, for many com-
mentators recognize that John frequently engages multiple allusions. This
particular allusion would fit well in John’s developing plot. As I noted earlier,
the seven-sealed scroll (Rev 5) appears to be God’s divorce decree against
Israel. Jerusalem will eventually appear as a harlot (e.g., 17:1–5) who is judged
(19:2) before the wedding supper of the Lamb (19:7–9), where the new Jerusa-
lem appears as a bride (21:2). Not only so, but Revelation 5 has several points
of contact with Numbers 5, including oath-taking (Nu 5:19, 21; cp. Rev 10:5–6),
an act of ingestion (Nu 5:22, 24, 26, 27; cp. Rev 10:9–10), specific mention of
the stomach (Nu 5:21, 22, 27; cp. Rev 10:9–10), and the ill results of the inges-
tion (Nu 5:18, 19, 23, 24, 27; cp. Rev 10:9–10). The evidence of a link with Num-
bers 5 is not strong, but it is quite suggestive and plausible.
Revelation 10 is the first time John takes part in the drama (he enters
the court room in 4:1 is as an observer, not a participant); he will participate
again in 11:1–2. This may suggest prophetic theater, wherein he acts out Isra-
el’s love of her evil ways (the initial sweetness of the taste) though they will
33. In modern terms, we might mention that medicine tastes bad but causes good, long-term
results.
The Little Book and John’s Recommissioning (10:8–11) 867
ultimately destroy her (the resulting bitterness).34 Before the destruction of

the first temple, Israel loved her false prophets who promised comfort instead
of the true ones who warned of judgment: “The prophets prophesy falsely,
/ And the priests rule on their own authority; / And My people love it so! /
But what will you do at the end of it?” (Jer 5:31). Elsewhere in Scripture, sin is
symbolized by sweetness in the mouth, though it is ultimately poisonous to
the stomach (Job 20:12–14). The Old Testament repeatedly compares Israel’s
unfaithful living before God to an adulterous affair (Jer 3:11–12; see Excursus
6 at 5:1). Adultery (Pr 9:13–16) is like stolen water that is sweet (Pr 9:17) but
death follows, exposing the ignorance in the sinful situation (Pr 9:18). The
adulteress’s lips “drip honey,” but “in the end she is bitter as wormwood” (Pr
5:3–4). Thus, Israel has been prone to substitute “bitter for sweet, and sweet
for bitter” (Isa 5:20). In the Old Testament when she was on the road to Egypt
and to Assyria to drink the waters of the Nile and the Euphrates (Jer 2:18), the
Lord warned, “Your own wickedness will correct you, / And your apostasies
will reprove you; / Know therefore and see that it is evil / And bitter for you
to forsake the Lord your God, / And the dread of Me is not in you” (Jer 2:19;
cf. Jer 4:17–18; La 1:1–4; Am 8:10). All of this enhances the view that Revelation
prophesies and describes God’s divorce of Israel.
Johnson (1981: 497), Mounce (210), and Beale (551), therefore, are mis-
taken when they argue that John’s focus differs from Ezekiel’s. They claim that
Ezekiel’s Old Testament mission regards Jerusalem but that John’s regards the
church—as if it did not focus on Jerusalem’s demise. Against this I would point
out, first, that John is not on a new mission, but is continuing his previous com-
mission (see above) and his mission focuses on Israel whose judgment is the
very theme of Revelation (1:7; cf. Excursus 3). Second, John carefully patterns
his episode after Ezekiel’s, and Ezekiel is warning Jerusalem of divine wrath (Eze
2:3–5; 3:4, 7; Beale 550; Smalley 267). Both occasions involve a heavenly book
(10:2; Eze 2:9), presented by a hand from the throne (10:2; Eze 2:9), which book
is eaten by the prophet (10:9; Eze 3:1–2) and tastes sweet (10:10; Eze 3:3) but
results in bitterness (10:10; Eze 3:14). As Ford notes, Ezekiel eats his scroll before
his woe-filled prophecies, “the most potent of which is in ch. 16 concerning her
adultery” (Ford 165). Furthermore, both prophets lived in a time of Jewish crisis
and judgment that resulted in the destruction of her temple.
John is urged on in his work, for they said to me (10:11a). The Greek verb
34. In biblical history, prophetic theater was a non-verbal communication, a verbum visible
which involved prophets acting out their warnings. We see examples of this phenomenon in
Isa 20; Jer 13:1– 11; 19; 27:1–15; 32; 43:8–13; Eze 4:1–3; 4:4–8; 4:9–17; 5:1–54; 12:1–16; 12:17–20;
37:15–28. That John would employ prophetic theater in a written work he would never perform is
“astonishing,” indicating his intent is not only for “emphasis,” but “as a striking attempt to signal
his prophetic identity” (Mazzaferri 329).
is in the plural form: “they say to me” (kai legousin moi). This could be “a
meaning equivalent to the passive, ‘it was said’ ” (Smalley 268; cp. Aune 573;
Kistemaker 317; NLEK 633). Or as Robertson (374) suggests, it could be an
“indefinite statement in the plural as in 13:16; 16:15.” He continues, though,
noting that “it is possible that the allusion is to the heavenly voice (10:4, 8)
and to the angel (10:9).”
Whoever is speaking, the speech obviously comes from heaven. John
must prophesy again concerning many peoples and nations and tongues and
and kings (10:11b). Once again, John emphasizes his authority in this legal
drama: his commission is being intensified and personalized as he is told his
mission is not over. He must “prophesy” to many “peoples and nations and
tongues and and kings.” The fourfold designation here (and elsewhere, 7:9;
10:11; 11:9; 17:15) emphasizes universality. Lupieri (172) notes that the term
“tribes” which appeared earlier in 5:9 and 7:9 is conspicuously absent: “This
is not simply a stylistic decision to vary a repeated list but … it indicates
from this point on he will be paying particular attention to the destiny of
the nations, and that it should be considered different from, and at times
opposed to, that of the people of Israel.” The tribe concept appears again in
11:9, in a passage dealing with Jerusalem (11:1, 8) and the temple (11:2), as well
as in 13:7, which describes Rome’s universal dominance (Rome is also closely
linked with Jerusalem in Revelation), and in 14:6, which speaks of the univer-
sal offer of the gospel (even to Israel).
Despite the anticipation of the seventh trumpet and the promise that
“there will be delay no longer” (10:6), John’s prophetic ministry is not over: he
“must prophesy again” (palin), focusing not only on Israel’s judgment but that
of the nations who are in collusion with her. He has been concentrating on the
judgment of the harlotrous wife (Israel); he must also prophesy the judgment
of her partner in adultery (Lev 20:10; Dt 22:24), Nero’s Rome, the empire of
nations (see especially chs. 13 and 17, though note 11:7, 9).
John’s renewed commission must refer to prophetic judgment rather
than gospel ministry (contra Osborne 405; Bauckham 1993a: 264–66). He is to
prophesy “upon” (epi), that is, “against” the nations (Aune 573; NASB). Fekkes
(88n) observes that “epi should be translated as ‘against’ here. Prophēteusai epi
commonly translates hnb’ ‘l or hwb’ ‘l in Old Testament oracles against nations:
e.g., Jer. 25.13, 30; 26.11–12; Ezek. 4.7” (cp. Robertson 1934: 605).
The effect of the imagery requires prophetic judgment because his inges-
tion of the book leaves John with a bitter stomach, which would not comport
with a promise of the progress of the gospel (though later chapters do estab-
lish that glorious hope). In fact, the very next reference to the fourfold peoples
is 11:9, where they forbid the burial of Christ’s two witness-prophets: those
“nations” will be “enraged” (11:18).
All of this fits well with John’s Old Testament model, Ezekiel, who prophe-
sied judgment against Jerusalem (Eze 2:8—3:11). Revelation 10, then, prepares
John for the intensifying of the judgment scenes in the remaining chapters.
Those chapters bring to a conclusion the overthrow of Jerusalem and high-
light the Roman imperial assault upon Christians. The following chapters will
emphasize the absolute obliteration of the old order in the establishment of
the new (Ford 173).
John will soon mention Rome (Rev 13). In fact, the Roman beast is surpris-
ingly anticipated in the next few verses when “the beast” (to therion) appears
proleptically and without explanation in 11:7, as if the readers already know
of “the” beast. Kistemaker (332), citing Van De Kamp, suggests that prior to
writing the Apocalypse, John had seen the entire revelation: “Thus, he was
fully aware of the beast, even if he had not yet mentioned him.” More likely,
though, the beast was well-known as Daniel’s fourth beast—the Roman
empire.35 This prepares the audience for the beast’s arising in Revelation 13
after the sounding of the seventh trumpet (11:15), with chapter 12 explaining
why he appears (Court 83).
35. For thorough discussions, see Young 1949: 275ff. and KD 7:658–68.
indexes
Author Index
Volume I: pp. 1–842 Volume II: pp. 843–1873
1378n14, 1388, 1445–1446, 1494, 1441, 1455, 1516, 1535, 1613n2,

A 1705 1640, 1705, 1732
Barnes, Arthur Stapylton, 92–93 Beasley-Murray, George R., 4, 12,
Aba, Jacob B., 875–876 Barnett, Paul, 137, 1075 17n31, 25, 81, 183, 232, 334, 528–
Barr, David, 85, 110, 172–173, 195, 529, 615, 690
Abahu, R., 528–529
227, 245, 358, 874, 994 Beck, Norman A., 17, 39, 125,
Abauzit, Firmin, 23, 1090 208n148, 211, 450
Adams, Jay, 24 Barrett, C. Kingsley, 114, 185, 928
Barton, George A., 1389 Beckwith, Isbon T., 4, 6, 10, 11, 43,
Adams, Jay E., 862, 1089 46, 88, 101, 111, 119, 158, 360, 436,
Aland, Kurt, 233 Batey, Richard, 556–557 448, 708, 721, 865, 886, 895n34,
Alcasar, Luis De, 99, 400 Bauckham, Richard, 1n1, 6, 31, 973, 993, 1058, 1135, 1147–1148,
39, 43–46, 50, 59, 66, 119, 120, 1362, 1379, 1680
Alexander, J. A., 552, 566 124, 135, 147, 149, 157, 173, 184,
Alexander, Philip S., 286, 655 Bell, Albert, 1072, 1278, 1335
185n122, 268, 549, 552, 610, 628,
Alford, Henry, 165, 230, 304, 749, 672, 702, 716n16, 717, 737, 747, 851, Bell, Albert A., 25, 53, 485, 620
892, 1037 855, 887, 904, 931, 994–995, 1058, Ben-Daniel, John, 7, 22
Allen, John, 7 1063, 1180–1181, 1186, 1191–1192, Berlin, Andrea M., 68
Alon, Gedaliah, 60–61, 64, 906, 1269, 1272, 1335, 1510–1511, 1518, Bickerman, Elias J., 64, 901
1148 1569, 1586–1587, 1717–1718 Bierce, Ambrose, 3
Alvarez, J., 662 Bauer, W., 455 Bieringer, R., 207, 211
Amaru, Betsy Halpern, 277 Baum, Gregory, 161, 655, 1619 Biguzzi, Giancarlo, 30
Archer, Gleason L., 131 Bavinck, Herman, 1517 Bleek, David Alan, 1149
Ashcroft, Morris, 1743 Beagley, Alan James, 22, 24, 53, Bleek, Friedrich, 777
68, 75, 99, 159, 207–208, 264,
Aune, David E., 39, 119, 120, 123, 549, 651, 746, 884, 905, 929, 947, Blenkinsopp, Joseph, 567
144, 153, 156, 160–162, 164–165, 1043, 1075, 1211, 1274, 1286, 1289, Blinzler, Josef, 306–308, 660, 1126
170, 247, 254, 294, 328, 334, 342, 1402 Block, Daniel I., 732, 1357
345, 350, 360, 371, 415, 421, 446,
480–481, 555, 594, 613, 634, 648, Beale, Gregory K., 6n15, 36, 55, Bloesch, Donald, 297, 1516–1517,
675, 711, 717, 719, 730, 731, 771, 76, 79, 80, 100, 100n86, 103, 118, 1745
781–782, 808, 829, 836, 883, 886, 120–122, 124, 125–126, 129, 131, Blount, Brian K., 79–80, 163, 169
888, 933, 951, 973–974, 993, 1013, 133, 134, 137, 138, 157, 164, 166, 171, Bock, Darrell, 340, 963n128
1026, 1053, 1083, 1145, 1149, 1159, 226, 232, 249, 269, 273–274, 281,
Bøe, Sverre, 1322, 1500, 1518
1183, 1260, 1269, 1283, 1347, 1349, 292–293, 298, 312–314, 326, 337,
346, 349, 358, 415–416, 419, 421– Bollier, J. A., 320
1350, 1360, 1379, 1382, 1404, 1442,
423, 431, 443, 445, 465–466, 472, Boring, M. Eugene, 9, 89, 165,
1457, 1476, 1492, 1521, 1526–1527,
475, 481, 483, 488, 494–498, 503, 227, 700–701, 852, 1258, 1259,
1568, 1570, 1587, 1621, 1661, 1671,
543, 546, 547, 586–587, 611, 648, 1335n99, 1631, 1744, 1762
1713, 1732, 1753, 1762
672, 677–678, 682, 690, 693, 728, Bowman, J. W., 192n125
Avigad, Nahman, 1108 731, 733n22, 737–738, 742–744, Boxall, Ian, 12, 25, 108, 109, 122,
Avi-Yonah, Michael, 1448 747–748, 755–756, 765, 768, 772, 127, 183, 223, 245, 252, 259, 291,
785n16, 812, 814, 844–845, 861, 430, 754, 1336–1337, 1346–1347,
867, 873, 882, 895, 934–936, 982– 1430, 1435, 1510, 1563, 1677
B 984, 986, 996, 998, 1007–1008,
Boyd, Alan Patrick, 186
1015, 1017–1020, 1023, 1025,
1027–1029, 1036, 1041–1042, Brady, David, 91
Bacon, Benjamin Wisner, 18 1050–1051, 1068–1069, 1095, Brandon, S. G. F., 56, 68, 698n5,
Bagatti, Bellarmino, 1156 1118, 1138, 1149n67, 1162–1163, 1127
Bahnsen, Greg L., 24 1180–1182, 1188, 1195–1196, 1202, Bratcher, Robert G., 213, 1096,
Balch, David, 448 1209–1210, 1269, 1282–1283, 1261n7, 1710–1711
1286, 1293, 1305, 1308, 1321n73, Brighton, Louis A., 164–165, 173,
Bammel, Ernst, 1259n4
1330–1332, 1335, 1337–1339, 1347, 231, 1468, 1704–1705, 1714
Bandy, Alan S., 45, 79, 171–172, 174, 1382, 1412, 1420, 1440, 1442n66,
200, 358, 389, 1071 Brown, Raymond E., 1106–1107
1444–1445, 1453, 1455, 1459, 1460,
Barclay, John, 902–903, 1073, 1278 1478, 1489–1490, 1498–1499, Bruce, F. F., 24, 52, 214, 783, 1118,
1504, 1511, 1517–1518, 1520–1527, 1213, 1290
Barclay, John M. G., 83, 408,
554n14, 570 1530–1532, 1534–1536, 1545–1547, Buchanan, George Wesley, 72, 76,
1552n54, 1561–1562, 1564, 1570, 155, 227, 639n20
Barclay, William, 5, 1732, 1762
1580, 1598, 1605–1606, 1608– Bultmann, Rudolf, 76, 158
Barker, Kenneth, 127, 1719
1609, 1618, 1623, 1625, 1667, 1701, Burge, Gary M., 280n8
Barker, Margaret, 100–101, 156, 1705, 1711–1713, 1730, 1732–1735,
267, 339, 396, 530, 605, 659, 1738, 1743–1746, 1757, 1760–1761,
689, 719, 738, 771, 933, 1090, 1763–1764
1133, 1201, 1211, 1348n108, 1366,
Beasley-Murray, G. R., 1126, 1272,
1767
1768 Author Index
C Corsini, Eugenio, 76, 154–155, 171, Fekkes, Jan, III, 130, 131, 154, 183,
217, 272, 990, 1090, 1136–1137, 197, 868, 1269, 1472–1473, 1518
1195, 1260, 1273, 1289, 1624 Feldman, Louis H., 56, 64
Cachemaille, E. P., 89 Couch, Mal, 1626, 1700n2 Feuillet, André, 22–23, 522, 573,
Caird, G.B., 12, 21, 88, 122, 123n92, Court, John M., 22, 109, 150, 160, 860–862, 902, 904, 929, 1020
139–140, 257–258, 308, 636, 690, 934, 947n111, 1036, 1287, 1633 Filho, J. A., 123n93, 167
736, 848, 946, 1371, 1440, 1609 Craigie, Peter C., 1486 Fiorenza, Elisabeth Schüssler, 76,
Callahan, A. D., 77–78, 157 123, 123n92, 166, 170, 193–194,
Calvin, John, 2, 2n5, 1017, 1622, 196, 247, 1651
1644–1645 D Fishbane, M., 137
Campbell, Gordon, 551 Fitzmyer, Joseph A., 406n25
Campbell, Roderick, 100n85, 167, Flannery, Edward H., 208
Danby, Herbert, 1446n68
187, 196n134, 197, 204, 379–380,
Davids, Peter, 1417–1418 Flusser, David, 210, 906
387, 760, 959, 1259
Davidson, A. B., 552 Ford, J. Massyngberde, 14, 24, 551,
Canfield, Leon H., 1073
Davies, G. I., 558 630, 866, 886, 989, 1067, 1090,
Carmignac, J., 145 1233, 1348n108, 1360, 1367, 1408,
Carpenter, W. Boyd, 920 Davies, W. D., 905 1420, 1475, 1486, 1495, 1643, 1693
Carrell, Peter R., 847 Davis, Moshe, 1353 Fox, Michael, 455
Carrington, Philip, 8, 94, 100, 110, Day, John, 126 France, R. T., 146, 206, 212, 308,
125, 126, 163, 186–187, 189, 233, Decock, Paul B., 123, 125, 133, 136, 678, 875, 1560–1561
264, 306–307, 522, 612, 669, 682, 147, 160 Freeman, Gordon M., 556, 557
704, 712, 938n97, 975, 989–990, Deissmann, Adolf, 1053 Frend, W. H. C., 650, 660, 931n86,
1001, 1017, 1021, 1088n1, 1173, Delitzsch, Franz, 382 1077–1078
1232–1233, 1235, 1264, 1273, 1305, Delizsch, F., 1722
1420, 1459, 1461, 1474, 1486, 1726 Freyne, Sean, 216–217, 434
deSilva, David A., 39, 97, 120, 197, Friesen, Steven J., 36, 374–375,
Carson, D. A, 15, 36, 76, 80, 120– 410, 736, 1057
121, 124–126, 131, 133–134, 138, 434, 695
157, 184, 226, 269, 273, 404, 660 Desprez, Philip, 1263
Carson, D. A., 1136, 1137, 1293, Desrosiers, Gilbert, 89
1623 DeYoung, James C., 929, 1107 G
Cassidy, Richard J., 308, 1126, 1127, Dimant, Devorah, 133
1418 Dodd, C. H., 134n103 Gaffin, Richard, 1552
Catchpole, D. R., 308 Dokkum, Pieter van, 767 Galambush, Julie, 210, 557, 562,
Chance, J. Bradley, 717n17, 722 Draper, J. A., 709, 724–725 568–569, 956, 1292
Charles, R. H., 3, 38, 98, 109, 127, Dunn, James D. G., 904 Garland, David, 463
164, 334, 341, 400, 414, 431, 501, Düsterdieck, Friedrich, 72, 186, Gaston, Lloyd, 836, 876, 929, 1110
588n49, 606, 646, 665, 715, 729, 370, 400, 782, 1080, 1475 Georgi, D., 1616
808, 972n1, 1021, 1075, 1082, 1141,
1149, 1173, 1351, 1707 Geyser, Albert, 524
Gibbon, Edward, 662
Charlesworth, James H., 210 E Giblin, Charles H., 110, 1269, 1272,
Chester, Andrew, 1259
1518, 1732
Chesterton, G. K., 3
Ebrard, J. H. A., 1325 Giet, Stanislas, 1079
Cheyne, T. K., 466
Edersheim, Alfred, 23, 342, 737, Gill, John, 741, 1552
Chilton, Bruce, 1216 1290, 1387, 1389 Gilliver, C. M., 757, 816–817, 818,
Chilton, David, 51, 118, 140, 399, Ehrman, Bart D., 91 820, 827
590, 670, 737, 838, 896, 936, 992,
1035, 1042, 1064, 1100, 1123, 1460, Eichhorn, J. G., 777 Gleason, Randall C., 65n66, 670
1461, 1473–1474, 1518, 1609, 1666, Ellis, E. Earle, 12, 18, 25, 26, 131, González, Justo, 1073
1704 170–172, 360, 881 Goodman, Martin, 1215
Clarke, Adam, 3, 101, 319, 551, 920, Enns, Peter, 669 Goulder, M. D., 126
1089, 1135n50 Evans, Craig, 45, 214, 283, 419, 421, Grant, Michael, 247, 612, 626n13,
Coad, F. Roy, 91 433, 491 666, 672, 762, 902
Cohen, Shaye, 65 Evans, Craig A., 1051, 1052, 1111 Grant, Robert M., 25, 407
Cohen, Shaye J. D., 1626 Ewald, G. H. A., 1064 Gray, Timothy, 54, 66, 305n29, 715
Cole, R. Alan, 1111n22 Ezell, M. D., 130 Green, Michael, 1030
Collins, Adela Yarbo, 21, 79, 164– Grensted, L. W., 7
165, 170, 173, 215–216, 432, 555, Griffith, Terry, 410–411
1058, 1258, 1286, 1307 F Grogan, Geoffrey W., 120, 136,
Collins, J. J., 1336 1182–1183, 1682–1683
Collins, John J., 419 Farrar, F. W., 51, 68, 88, 233, 844, Grotius, Hugo, 99, 370
Collins, Oral Edmond, 88–92, 1089, 1372, 1466 Grundmann, Walter, 1295
309–310 Farrer, Austin, 162, 1122, 1194 Gumerlock, Francis X., 112n88,
Constantinou, Eubenia Scarvelis, Faulkner, Neil, 617, 757, 762, 783– 703
112 784, 818, 822, 898, 907, 1429 Gundry, R. H., 1635–1636
Conzelmann, Hans, 908n51 Fee, Gordon, 136–137 Guthrie, Donald B., 12, 14, 114, 119,
Cook, Michael J., 210 120, 122, 664, 896n35, 1148

Author Index 1769
H J Lambrecht, Jan, 52, 79, 83, 167, 271,

414, 480, 611
Lancelloti, Angelo, 1322
Hadas-Lebel, Mireille, 71, 318, 757, Jair, R. Phineas b., 62 Lawrence, D. H., 4
762, 818–819 Jauhiainen, Marko, 132, 1527 Lee, Francis Nigel, 89–90
Hagner, Donald A., 34, 214, 433, Jeremias, Joachim, 963n128, Legasse, Simon, 655–656
1517 1092n5, 1127, 1385, 1388, 1423
Leivestad, Ragnar, 920
Hahn, Ferdinand, 1112–1113 Joachim of Floris, 89
Lenski, R. C. H., 442, 682, 1258,
Hamerton-Kelly, 216 Jocabus, Joannes, 23 1479, 1704–1705
Hamilton, N. Q., 1384 Johnson, Alan F., 4, 12, 25, 88, Leonard, J. E., 207, 292
Hammond, Henry, 99 173n115, 184, 216–217, 231, 313,
Leoni, Tommaso, 902
Hanania, Joshua ben, 62 415, 653, 704, 867, 1007, 1069,
1258, 1328, 1456, 1516n10, 1566 Letseli, Tankiso, 974
Hanson, K. C., 1382, 1418
Levick, Barbara, 1342n104
Haran, Menahem, 558
Levine, Lee I., 660, 670
Hare, Douglas R. A., 200, 652, K Levine, Nahum, 878, 907, 1446
654, 661, 663, 1096, 1127n39,
1278, 1457 Lewis, Greville P., 5
Harnack, Adolf, 663, 1075 Kealy, S., 716 Lightfoot, J. B., 127, 319, 503, 612
Harrington, Wilfrid J., 138, 171, Kealy, Seán, 710, 778 Lightfoot, John, 1231, 1533, 1561
227, 1007, 1592 Keener, Craig S., 11n22, 13, 20–21, Lightfoot, Joseph B., 23, 38
Hatton, Howard A., 213, 1261n7 94, 144, 163, 197n135, 230, 295, Lindsey, Hal, 2n5, 5nn13–14, 43,
Haupt, Erich, 16 405, 409, 414, 419, 423, 431, 97–98, 206, 791
Hayes, J. H., 901 510, 526–527, 635, 648, 717, 767, Lipinski, E., 1328
914n64, 936, 1001, 1006, 1031, Lohse, Eduard, 245, 1479
Hayman, Peter, 670–671 1075, 1510, 1681, 1738
Hays, Richard, 161 Lowery, David, 211
Keil, C. F., 382, 1722 Lund, Nils Wilhelm, 1044, 1089
Hayward, C. T. R., 64, 285 Kelly, Douglas F., 24–25
Hayward, Peter, 1169–1170, 1171 Lupieri, Edmondo F., 22, 54, 72,
Keresztes, Paul, 1076, 1077–1078 261, 396, 422, 436, 460–461, 697,
Hemer, Colin J., 37–38, 84, 119, 122, Kiddle, Martin G., 11, 690, 1011 704, 738, 756, 762, 858, 868, 950–
125, 132–133, 143, 158–159, 370,
Kik, J. Marcellus, 1589 951, 955, 978, 1420
373, 413, 428, 430n33, 445, 447,
1052, 1075, 1141 Kilpatrick, George Dunbar, 207 Luther, Martin, 2
Hendriksen, William, 649, 1258, Kirby, John T., 153, 156, 193, 358
1326, 1339, 1537 Kirschner, Robert, 60, 61
Hengstenberg, E. W., 23, 1007 Kistemaker, Simon J., 12, 53, 105,
M
Herder, G. G., 777 114, 131–133, 173, 225, 232, 289,
Herder, Johann G. von, 23 353, 361, 418, 446–447, 649, 682, MacArthur, John, 106, 186
700, 728, 869, 1014, 1032, 1069, Maier, Paul L., 9, 11, 77–78, 157,
Herford, R. Travers, 660–661 1329–1330, 1339, 1466, 1527, 1532,
Hezser, Catherine, 246 195, 246
1541
Hill, Charles, 965n131 Malina, Bruce J., 247, 280, 719,
Klausner, Joseph, 1213n12, 1436 790, 990, 1636
Hill, Craig C., 909n53, 927, 933, Kline, Meredith G., 1591
1510 Mandell, Sara, 901
Klink, Edward W., III, 217, 286, Mangina, Joseph F., 1011, 1681
Hill, David, 101, 125, 162–163, 183 912n56
Hitchcock, Mark, 238 Marshall, I. Howard, 8, 110, 1111,
Koester, Craig, 1322, 1325n77 1114, 1702
Hoeksema, Herman, 1333 Koester, Craig R., 5, 8n17, 9, 96, Marshall, John W., 25, 57, 76
Hooker, Morna D., 1105 113, 379, 400, 470
Mason, Steve, 221, 283n9, 622,
Hopkins, Martin, 22, 67–68, 966 Koivisto, Rex, 927 1024
Horsley, Richard A., 284, 757, Kooten, George H. van, 25 Mathewson, David, 69, 76–77, 81,
1092–1093, 1098–1099, 1106, Köstenberger, Andreas, 1031n32 85–86, 129, 137, 159–160, 556,
1215, 1216 Kovacs, Judith, 5, 9, 112, 187, 886, 616n5, 1620, 1622, 1623–1624,
Hort, F. J. A., 12, 23, 335–336 896, 1259, 1609 1628, 1636, 1640, 1652–1653,
Hubbard, Moyer, 1578 Kraft, Heinrich, 171 1662, 1687, 1689, 1723
Hughes, Philip E., 1738 Krodel, G. A., 1272, 1351, 1573, Maxwell, Marcus, 170, 173
Hühn, E., 130 1613–1614 Mayo, Philip L/, 82, 155
Hultberg, Alan D., 1366–1367 Kruse, Colin G., 410 Mayo, Philip L., 936, 1260,
Hurtado, L. W., 510, 534–535, 603 Kuyper, Abraham, 96, 97, 113 1310n64
Hurtegen, J. E., 77–78 Mazor, Benjamin, 1353
Mazzaferri, F. D., 78, 85, 126, 130,
L 183, 185, 229, 272, 848n6, 995
I McKelvey, R. J., 120
Ladd, George Eldon, 4, 94, 105, McKnight, Scott, 70, 210–211, 228
Ice, Thomas D., 206 183, 231, 393, 600, 615, 618, 1033, McLaren, James S., 283, 926
Instone-Brewer, David, 1384 1067, 1331, 1554, 1571 Mealy, J. Webb, 120, 684, 1232,
LaHaye, Tim, 205–206 1541, 1586, 1609, 1612
Melito of Sardis, 10, 17–18

1770 Author Index
Metzger, Bruce M., 13, 166, 231, 505, 513, 529, 532, 542, 610, 688, Reymond, Robert, 68, 1517
449n38, 750, 1084, 1147 731, 744, 751, 791, 849, 873, 932, Reynolds, Edwin Earl, 183
Michaels, J. Ramsey, 12, 174n116, 1141, 1182, 1189, 1258, 1277n22, Rhoades, David M., 1216, 1247
228, 570, 690, 714, 745, 874–875, 1386, 1433–1434, 1466, 1510, 1553,
1713, 1738, 1759, 1761 Richardson, Peter, 5
1518, 1541, 1585
Oswalt, John, 1621 Ridderbos, Herman, 552, 570–571
Michaels, Lawrence R., 1216, 1435
Oswalt, John N., 321 Riddlebarger, Kim, 1591
Milligan, William, 93–94, 911–912,
1002, 1173, 1259, 1289, 1290, 1511, Overman, J. Andrew, 68 Rissi, Mathias, 5–6
1557, 1611, 1690, 1726 Ozanne, C. G., 12, 77 Ritmeyer, Leen, 685n48
Milman, Henry Hart, 1310, 1438 Road, Emmaus, 108
Minear, Paul S., 306 Robertson, A. T., 4, 128, 250, 433,
Moberly, R. B., 24, 25, 1348n108 P 528, 569, 997, 1007, 1067, 1145,
1501, 1648n23
Moessner, David P., 49–50, 927,
1458 Robinson, Bernard P., 25, 34–35,
Paher, Stanley W., 651 72n71, 122, 211, 227, 286, 450,
Moffat, James, 1058 Paine, Thomas, 3 875n3, 1073
Moffatt, James, 480 Palmer, Earl F., 24 Robinson, John A. T., 24
Moo, Douglas J., 15, 184 Parks, James, 34, 1282, 1310 Roloff, Jürgen, 36, 156, 434
Moore, G. F., 36 Parry, Jason Thomas, 65, 298, 898 Rossing, Barbara R., 561–562,
Moran, William, 557 Pate, C. Marvin, 4, 89, 685, 1140 1135, 1172, 1285–1286, 1291, 1356,
Morris, Henry, 185 Paul, Ian, 187 1400, 1415–1416
Morris, Leon, 4, 5, 15, 25, 183, 184, Paulien, Jon, 20–21, 129, 131, 133– Rostovtzeff, M., 1384
229–230, 406, 569, 705, 709, 713, 134, 166, 263n4 Rowland, Christopher C., 5, 8, 9,
941, 993, 1142, 1177, 1299n52, 24, 112, 125, 172, 187, 510, 1384,
1512, 1517, 1579, 1732n2 Pearson, Birger A., 1530
1677
Mosheim, J. L. von, 1072 Pelikan, Jaroslav, 1510
Royalty, Robert M., 130, 171, 1258,
Motyer, J. Alec, 1494 Penley, Paul, 129, 136, 148–149, 151, 1271–1272
547, 606–608, 641, 881–882
Moule, C. F. D., 24, 67, 930 Ruether, Rosemary, 212
Pentecost, J. Dwight, 963n128,
Mounce, William, 10, 12, 30, 103, 1662 Ruiz, Jean-Pierre, 129, 138–139,
107, 109, 166, 173, 183, 186, 189, 197–198, 1235, 1252, 1283–1284
223, 225–226, 230–231, 347–348, Pieters, Albertus, 92
Russell, J. Stuart, 503, 944,
404, 421, 431, 452, 458, 471, 475, Pilch, John J., 990, 1636 947n111, 1486–1487
487, 503, 527, 531, 533, 615, 735, Pippin, Tina, 211–212 Ryrie, Charles C., 186, 229, 767,
739, 749–750, 867, 883, 948, 993– Pixner, Bargil, 1156 959n121
994, 1063, 1071, 1325–1326, 1487, Porter, S. E., 156
1495, 1517, 1573, 1581, 1589
Poythress, Vern S., 1322, 1331,
Moyise, Steve, 76, 120, 126, 127–
128, 133–134, 136, 139, 541, 667,
1532, 1577 S
1143 Preiss, Theo, 67
Mulholland, M. Robert, Jr., 159, Price, Jonathan, 60 Safrai, Anthony J., 877, 1389, 1418,
272, 1013–1014, 1271, 1616, 1622, Price, Jonathan J., 1251 1422, 1426, 1429, 1436, 1448
1639, 1649–1650, 1661, 1691–1692 Price, S. R. F., 430 Safrai, Shemuel, 60, 83, 566
Murphy, Frederick James, 68, 113, Prigent, Pierre, 1016, 1023, 1048, Saldrini, Anthony J., 62
130, 170, 1052 1328 Sanders, E. P., 59, 876, 900,
Muse, Robert L., 390–391 Pritz, R. A., 698 1311–1312
Mussies, Gerard, 1278n23 Provan, Iain, 1282–1283, 1366– Sanders, Jack, 210
Musvosvi, Joel Nobel, 198, 636 1367, 1390n31, 1419, 1420, 1428, Sandmel, Samuel, 17, 210, 211
Musvovi, Joel Nobel, 1043 1445
Sandy, D. Brent, 42, 189, 1594
Saunders, S. P., 194
N R Schaff, Philip, 23, 1055n20, 1078
Scharlemann, Martin H., 1117–
1118, 1120
Nathan, Rabbi, 62, 64 Rainbow, Paul A., 138, 188, 1517– Scharper, Philip J., 308, 1126, 1418
1518, 1538, 1585
Neusner, Jacob, 283 Schiffman, Lawrence H., 63
Rajak, Tessa, 622, 902
Nielsen, Kirsten, 203, 563–564, Schlesinger, Jeff, 77, 195
566 Ramsay, William M., 52, 56, 83,
158, 388, 447–448, 478, 1072 Schmitt, John, 551n8
Ratton, James J. L., 23–24, 1015n12, Schmitz, E. D., 172
1071n25 Schürer, Emil, 56, 284n13,
O 783–784
Reader, W., 1669–1670
Reicke, Bo, 620, 881n13 Scobie, Charles H. H., 574
Oakman, Douglas E., 1382, 1418 Renan, Joseph-Ernest, 862, 933, Scott, C. A., 28, 270
Olsson, Birger, 571 944 Scott, E. F., 119
Ortlund, Raymond C., 552, 560 Renwick, A. M., 1328 Setzer, E. C., 1165n5
Osborne, Grant R., 12, 103, 105, Resseguie, James L., 55, 195, 413, Shanks, Hershel, 901
134, 138, 170, 172, 230, 232, 334, 420, 525–526, 712 Shaw, George Bernard, 4
342, 349, 421, 435, 444, 466, 467, Reuss, Eduard Wilhelm, 3 Shea, William H., 379

Author Index 1771
Shedd, Russell, 1511 1564, 1569–1570, 1584, 1590, Wettstein, Jakob, 113, 551
Skarsaune, Oskar, 901 1683–1684 Whealon, J. F., 38–39, 76
Slater, Thomas B., 25, 26, 34, 42, Thomas, Robert L., 23, 105, 117, White, Fowler, 1513, 1515, 1518,
136 168, 183, 186, 191, 229, 240, 252, 1521–1524, 1526–1527, 1533–1536,
Smalley, Stephen, 874, 887, 487, 505, 532, 549, 591, 600, 692, 1537
932–933, 986, 998, 1007, 1049, 702, 751, 763 Whitehead, Alfred N., 4
1070, 1088, 1145, 1165, 1195, 1231, Thompson, A., 1546 Whittaker, Molly, 625
1260, 1365, 1370–1371, 1375, 1383, Thompson, J. A., 557, 562 Wiens, Delbert L., 1115, 1121
1407, 1432, 1461, 1474, 1483–1484, Thorndike, Herbert, 93
1489–1490, 1498–1499, 1507, Wikgren, A. P., 773
Towner, Philip H., 403–404 Wilcox, Max, 162
1524, 1527, 1556, 1557, 1602, 1635,
1654, 1670–1671, 1714, 1729 Townsend, Jeffrey L., 216 Wilken, Robert L., 61
Smalley, Stephen S., 12, 16, 25, 43, Townsend, John, 1288 Wilkinson, John, 968
50, 55, 100, 115, 164, 183, 192, 197, Trebilco, Paul R., 59, 83, 433–434, Williams, Margaret, 1079n32
231, 327, 396n18, 443, 480, 587, 470, 656, 660, 662, 1287n36, 1422
Willis, J. T., 136
611, 633, 666–667, 692, 709–711, Trites, Allison A., 198, 200,
728, 743, 755, 785 242n10, 1024 Wilson, J. Christian, 25
Smith, Ralph, 709, 718, 1720 Trudinger, Paul, 25, 123 Wilson, Mark, 12, 22–23, 31, 160,
575, 778n10, 1171n8, 1325
Smolarz, Sebsastian Ryszard, 137 Turner, Nigel, 100, 227
Wilson, S. G., 309
Sorek, Susan, 56, 632, 818
Winkle, Ross E., 716
South, Robert, 3
Spitta, Friedrich, 400 V Witherington, Ben, 5, 122, 130,
135, 166, 196, 204, 245, 341, 549,
Stambaugh, John, 448 604, 873, 932, 971, 1072, 1075,
Stern, Menahem, 60, 566, 877, Van de Water, Rick, 264, 656, 1114, 1195, 1397n38, 1707
1389, 1418, 1422, 1426, 1429, 1436, 662–663, 1044, 1046, 1079, 1090, Wolff, Hans Walter, 561, 1357
1448 1259, 1268 Workman, Herbert B., 863, 1075
Stevanovic, Ranko, 1664 Van der Waal, Cornelius, 52, 67, Worth, Roland H., 24, 26, 113,
Stevenson, Gregory, 878, 879 84, 100, 118, 145–146, 164, 746, 363n1, 372–373, 548, 662,
Stier, Rudolf, 786 1090 1150n68
Stolt, J., 25 Van Kooten, George H., 26, 30 Wright, N. T., 24, 59, 102n87, 108,
Stone, Michael, 876, 879 Vanhoye, Albert, 126n97 142, 145, 209, 503, 1107, 1109,
Stuart, Moses, 6, 103–104, 108– Venema, Cornelis P., 1484, 1516 1267, 1276, 1453n70
109, 113, 115–116, 233, 262, 264, Vincent, Marvin, 4
267, 327–328, 340, 480, 503, 522, Vogelgesang, Jeffrey Marshall, 127,
528n14, 535, 640, 693, 704, 773, 526, 550, 61, 512, 543–544, 1519, Y
810, 829, 887–888, 898, 908, 929, 1616, 1640–1641
933, 939, 944, 946, 952, 966, 981, Vos, L.A., 68, 130, 148, 565
990, 999, 1035–1036, 1040, 1044, Yamauchi, Edwin M., 364n2, 365,
1058, 1064, 1089, 1167–1168, 1236, 698
Young, E. J., 342, 1000, 1018, 1039,
1322, 1570, 1740 W 1110, 1614, 1622, 1645–1646
Sweet, J. P. M., 53, 232, 1149,
1259n4, 1337, 1491, 1643
Swete, H.B., 3, 6, 7, 10, 12, 19, 109– Waal, Cornelis van der, 24, 38, 48
110, 112, 119–120, 125, 128–129, Wainwright, Arthur W., 4, 8–9, 23, Z
143, 173, 266, 270, 334, 344, 352, 110, 111, 113, 170, 1090
431, 527, 528, 716, 763, 769, 885, Walker, Peter W. L., 210, 214, 320, Zahn, Theodor, 610
1351, 1494, 1589, 1634, 1693, 1723, 491, 1112, 1117, 1272, 1594
1725, 1726 Zakkai, R. Johanan b., 71n70
Wall, Robert, 349 Züllig, C. F. J., 400
Wallace, Daniel, 326n1 Zwingli, Ulrich, 2
T Walvoord, John F., 4, 43, 95–98,
101, 105–106, 110, 111, 114, 117,
168n114, 185–186, 229, 240, 252,
Telford, William R., 574 377, 487, 516, 599–600, 763,
Tenney, Merrill C., 35, 105, 131, 174 811–812, 1234, 1249, 1510, 1590,
1609–1610, 1626, 1679–1680
Terry, Milton S., 3, 22, 48, 53, 169,
173n115, 191, 264, 267, 316, 334, Wardle, Timothy, 66, 285, 658
433, 612, 667, 704, 721, 745–746, Warfield, Benjamin B., 3, 25, 166,
759n4, 773, 786, 812, 871, 896, 267, 1510
932, 965, 1089, 1123, 1259, 1277, Water, Van de, 38
1459, 1496, 1558, 1590, 1647, 1737 Watts, John D., 340
Testa, Emmanuele, 1156 Weatherly, Jon A., 211, 306, 1127
Thackeray, H. St. J., 71, 622, Webb, W. J., 1518, 1521
1303n57, 1626 Wenham, John, 286
Thayer, Henry, 889 Wesley, John, 2
Thomas, Robert, 1063, 1210, 1242, Westcott, B. F., 23
1269, 1332–1333, 1466, 1500, 1518,
Wetstein, J. J., 319, 929

Scripture Index
Old Testament
3:17 1058 19:7 958
Genesis 3:19 856 19:22 1401
3:22 1702, 1707 19:24 825, 1128, 1401
1 539 3:22–24 1708, 1720 19:26 1394
1:1 666, 1620 3:23 428 19:28 676, 778, 825, 1219
1:1–31 6 3:24 428, 529, 1670 19:29 958
1:2 777 4:8 1005 19:31–33 1379
1:5 613 4:10 1135 21:10 916
1:6–08 1629 4:27 1014 21:17ff 1548
1:10 1627 5:3 458 22:17 719, 813
1:11 1620 6:2 1008 22:17–18 719
1:14 666 9:11–15 519 22:18 1708
1:14–16 1002 9:13 519 23:4 1500
1:14–17 674 9:15 519n4 24:2–9 1499
1:14–18 1030 9:16 519n4 24:35 1433
1:14–19 731, 768 10:32 708 24:67 1639
1:16 352 12 279 26:4 719, 1708
1:16–18 998 12:1 276, 640 26:19 1651
1:18 674 12:1–3 1708 28:14 314, 719, 1708
1:20–22 647 12:1–7 276 29:21 1473
1:24–25 647, 791 12:3 314, 860 30:1–24 310
1:26 1134 12:3b 720, 1642 30:6 715
1:26–27 1058 12:12a 720 30:22 349n14
1:26–28 598 13:2 1433 31:38 1135
1:26–30 1627 13:10 428 32:12 719, 813
1:31 1627 13:13 561, 1306 32:28 164, 999
1:31–2:3 590, 1005 13:16 719 35:10 164, 999
2:7 647 14:18 344 35:23–29 310
2:8 428, 1225 14:20 701 37:9 998–1000, 1002
2:9 428, 1702–1703 15:5 719 37:10–11 1000
2:10 428, 1620 15:11 1500–1501 37:25–28 1419
2:12 1682 15:12–19 1708 37:34 936
2:15 428, 598 15:18 809, 810, 1223 39:7 457
2:16 428, 1703 16:10 719, 720 41:25 169
2:17 1703 16:17ff 1548 41:32 169
2:20 1058 17:2b 720 41:42 693
2:21–22 647 17:4–5 1642 42:36 1315
2:22–24 1620 17:4b 720 46:29 1427
2:24 559 17:5 164, 388, 439, 1280 47:29–31 1499
3:1 428, 1023 17:5b 720 48:4 479
3:1–3 1703 17:6 720 48:14 543
3:2 428 17:14 912 48:17–18 543
3:3 428, 1703 17:20 479 48:22 616
3:8 428, 1604 18–19 693 49:3 258
3:10 428 18:9 1639 49:4 457
3:13 1024 18:18 1642 49:8 716
3:14 1720 18:23 957 49:9–10 586
3:14–19 1714 18:32 701 49:9–11 545
3:15 997, 1009, 1012, 1021, 1549, 19:4–5 561 49:16 715
1600 19:4–8 1306 49:17 718
3:15–16 1017, 1023 19:5 957 49:26 680
3:16 917
1772
Scripture Index 1773
49:28 310, 313, 999 9:34 752 15:12 542, 1040

50:9 1427 9:35 752 15:17 1630
50:20 1228 10:6 1240 15:18 977, 1005
10:12 780 15:19 1040, 1185
10:12–14 779 15:21 1040
Exodus 10:12–15 751 15:22–23 765
10:21–23 751 15:22–25 765
1:4 715 10:21–29 1218 15:25 766
3:2 1548 10:23 781 16:1–7 442
3:5 452 11:1 913, 940, 1191 16:31–35 418, 443
3:7 1391 11:6 736 16:32ff 418
3:7–18 276 11:7 736, 781 17:6 1203
3:10 1391 12 588 17:14 337
3:10–17 958 12:3–5 596 18:13 545
3:13–15 321 12:7 81, 533 19:1 747
3:14 254, 274, 1009 12:12 259 19:1–2 574, 848
3:16 520, 521 12:12–13 895, 957 19:3–6 1355
4:9 940 12:13 940, 1191 19:4 531, 770, 1038
4:12 932 12:21 596 19:4–6 772
4:14 533 12:22–23 81, 533 19:4–8 1487
4:22 163, 258–259, 522, 1191 12:23 81 19:5 848
4:22–23 1392 12:33 913 19:5–6 291
4:23 259 13:3 913 19:6 293, 297, 520, 599, 605,
4:29 523 13:5 1185 1202, 1296, 1408
5:1 163, 1391–1392 13:9 140 19:7 521, 523
6:1 913 13:14 913 19:8 523, 560
6:2–8 276 13:15 259 19:10 730
6:3–4 321 13:16 140 19:14 730
6:5–6 1490 13:18 848 19:16 334, 336, 521, 525, 614, 746,
6:7 1490 13:21 847–848 748, 1236, 1239
6:8 276 13:21–22 848 19:16–18 81, 758, 989
6:11 1392 13:22 847 19:16–19 989
7–11 533 14–15 6 19:16ff 989
7:3 752 14:2–3 1040 19:18 202
7:8–11:10 701 14:9 798, 1040 19:18–19 746, 778
7:13 752, 836 14:10–11 1005 19:19 746, 1239
7:14–24 764 14:10–12 799 19:19–20 334, 336
7:16 1392 14:13 726, 1027 19:19–21 337
7:17–21 761, 940, 1200 14:19–20 848 19:22 731
7:19 764 14:21–22 81, 1223 19:24 514
7:20–25 751 14:22–31 895 20:2 836, 913, 958
7:22 752 14:23 1185 20:2–3 80
8:2–6 1226 14:24 848 20:2–6 1355
8:15 752 14:27–30 1040 20:4 1133, 1657
8:19 752 14:28 1005, 1185 20:6 701, 1550
8:22 781 14:30 726, 1027 20:7 1208
8:32 752 14:30–15:5 596 20:8–11 590, 1005
9:4 781 14:30–15:21 1191 20:9–11 6
9:7 752 14:30–31 1190 20:11 1627
9:8–12 1199 14:38–31 958 20:12 277, 758
9:12 752 15:1 1040, 1442 20:18 525, 989, 1236, 1239
9:18–24 1252 15:1–2 1189 21:8 457
9:18–26 1234 15:1–18 80 21:10 1355
9:22–25 751 15:1–21 535, 1190 21:18 457
9:22–26 989, 1234 15:2 726, 1027, 1040 21:23 1401
9:23 1205 15:3 1486 21:24 457
9:23–24 753 15:4–5 1040 21:24–25 1368
9:24 1252 15:5 1442 21:26 457
9:25 755 15:6 346, 542 22:18 1454
9:26 781 15:8–10 1040 22:28 285–286
9:31–32 755 15:11 142, 1019, 1065 22:31 1749

1774 Scripture Index
23:9 957 29:12 633 10:8–11 1307
23:15 732, 1724 29:44–46 1630 11:9–12 1226
23:16 724 29:45 558 11:13–19 1376
23:17 1724 30:1–5 743 11:44–47 1226
23:27 479 30:18 345, 523 14:2ff 926
23:31 755, 1223 30:19–21 527, 1630 14:3a 1199
24 848 30:23 1426, 1679 14:5 1199
24:1 514, 520, 521 30:25 1426 14:7 1199
24:3 523, 556, 848, 1038 30:34 1426 14:34 276
24:4 310, 523 30:35 1426 15:6 1651
24:7 246n11, 523, 560 30:38 1426 15:24 457
24:7–8 1487 31:4 345 15:29 1340
24:9 521 31:17 590 15:31 1340
24:9–10 521, 523 31:18 525, 1193 16:4 1299
24:9–18 521 32:1 1115 16:12–13 745
24:10 515 32:4–6 1657 16:34 1679
24:12 514, 523 32:13 719 17:7 555, 1375
24:13 523 32:15 1193 17:11 1567
24:15 523 32:27 1499 17:14 1307
24:16 523 32:32–33 474, 1080 18:3 641, 956
24:17 523 33:5 1118 19:12 1208
24:18 523 33:9–11 1070 19:26 1307
25:3–7 1421 34:14 1355 19:29 1304
25:3b–4 1294 34:14–15 559 19:34 957
25:4–5 1292 34:22 724 20:5–6 555
25:6 939 34:23–24 1724 20:6 561
25:7 1294, 1422 34:28 701 20:10 205, 568, 605, 618–619,
25:8 558, 1630 34:29 525 868, 1252
25:9 805 35:14 939 21:1 1202
25:17–22 989 35:16 345 21:1ff 1376
25:18–22 522, 530 36:18 345 21:7 917
25:21–22 522 37:17–24 937 21:9 605, 1360, 1408
25:26 1426 37:18 339 21:14 917
25:29 1300 37:25–26 805 22:11 1429
25:31–30 937 37:29 1426 22:13–14 917
25:31–37 339, 522 38:2ff 345 23:24 739
25:37 155 38:3 594 23:39 724
26:1 1292 38:18 1630 23:40 724
26:19 834 39:10–13 1683 24:2 939, 1689
26:19–25 1422 39:14 310 24:11 718
26:37 345 39:30–31 1725 24:16 1208–1209
27:1 1679 39:37 939 25:23 640
27:20 939, 1451, 1689 40:30–32 527 25:23ff 276
27:29 1426 40:34 522 25:46 1429
28:1–2 1267 26 523, 525
28:4a 342 26:1 1194
28:5–8 1292 Leviticus 26:1–13 637
28:5–12 1267 26:3 1715
28:8 342 3:17 1302 26:3–5 499
28:16 1679 4:7 633, 1567 26:9–13 558
28:17–19 1683 4:15 523 26:11–12 1070, 1638, 1715
28:17–20 518 5:2 1202 26:12 1391, 1641
28:17–23 1267 5:9 1567 26:14 951
28:21 310, 999 6:12–13 1129 26:14ff 586, 637, 987
28:29 766 7:20 912 26:16 457, 534
28:30 1683 7:26 1302 26:17 668
28:33 1268 8:6 731 26:18 551, 611, 951
28:36–38 490, 1725 8:9 1725 26:19 452
28:38 490, 1268 8:30 731 26:21 457, 1193
28:39 1194 9:23 522 26:21–22 631
28:42 1194 9:24 1128 26:25 457, 636

26:26 623–624 24:3–9 426 6:10–11 913

26:29 624 24:8 958, 1346 6:12 956
26:30 1194 24:10 395 6:13–14 556
26:31 1194 24:12ff 420 6:13–15 559
27:28–29 1710 24:15–24 426 6:14–15 568
24:17 421, 448, 674, 1751 6:18 276
24:17b 420 6:23 276
Numbers 25:1–3 395 7:1–6 417
25:2b–3 415 7:5 1717
1:5–15 715 25:3 415, 1758 7:6–9 208
3:13 259 25:9 1758 7:7 1009
4:9 939 29:1 739 7:8 81, 533, 913
5:11–31 559, 766, 866 30:9 917 7:9 1550
5:17 766 31:4 313 7:12 556
5:18 766, 794, 866 31:6 434 7:13 627
5:19 866 31:16 395, 415, 831 7:25–26 1712
5:21 479, 866 31:19 1202 7:26 1711
5:22 866 32:13 785, 860 8:3 418, 442
5:23 866 32:17 641 8:7–9 277
5:24 866 33:52 641 8:15 785, 1203
5:29 561, 766 33:53 276 8:16 418, 442, 1016
6:24–26 1136 33:54 314 8:18 499
6:27 490 33:55 641 10:11 276
8:17 259 34:2 276 10:12–13 556
9:6–10 1202 34:6 1250 10:15 557
10:9 739, 740 34:13 314 10:16 1118
10:10 739 34:29 276 10:17 1490
10:15 708 35:30 923 10:19 957
10:35–36 989 36:2 276 10:20 559
11:7 443 10:22 719
11:7–9 418 11:13–25 556
11:16 523 Deuteronomy 11:14 627
12:3–14 715 11:18 140
12:24 535 1:10 719 11:22 559
12:31 535 1:11 1550 11:24 809–810
14:7 277 1:35 276 11:26–29 525
14:14 848 2:12 276 12:5 558, 1630
14:21 859 3:5 1669 12:5–14 880
14:28 859 4:1 1757 12:7 899
14:33 555 4:2 1757, 1758 12:11 558, 1630
15:30 912 4:3 415 12:12 899
15:39 555 4:4 1757 12:15–28 1758
16:3 434, 460, 831, 1101 4:11 989 12:18 899
16:9 730 4:16 1133 12:23 1307
16:27 1639 4:22 276 12:32 1757–1758
18:21 701 4:26 544, 563, 858, 1456 13:4 559
19:13 1202 4:28 305 13:5 533
20:4 434, 460, 831, 1101 4:34 1486 13:5–11 457
22:2 395 4:45 1757 13:11 459
22:4 395 5:6 913 13:16–17a 1712
22:5 426 5:6–7 80 14:23–36 880
22:6 426 5:8 1133 16:1–16 899
22:10 395 5:23 520 16:1–17 880
22:16 426 5:26 348, 693 16:9ff 1181
22:22ff 1548 5:27 523 16:16 1724
22:23 395, 1671 6:1–5 556 17:6 923
23:7 426 6:4–5 1144 17:7 568
23:7–10 426 6:4–9 1138–1139 17:16 956
23:18–24 426 6:5 557, 1139 18:10 1454
23:22 1346 6:6 1139 18:15 145, 257
23:24 586 6:8 140, 1139 18:15–22 152

18:18 145, 257, 423 28:59–61 457 Joshua
19:1 913 28:60 1196, 1199
19:14 276 28:62 719
29:4 422 1:4 755, 809, 810
19:15 923
29:18 765 2:1 976
19:18–19 916, 1368
29:22–23 758 2:19 306
19:20 459
29:22–25 826 3:10 348 693
20:8 1655
29:22–28 956 5:12 418, 442
21:2 523
29:23 825, 918 5:13–6:2 1548, 1671
21:15–17 258
29:25 918 5:13–15 742
21:17 258
29:28 913, 918 5:14 346
21:19 201
29:29 855 5:14–15 1019
21:19–21 523
30:1 525 5:15 452
21:21 459
30:4 142 6:1–21 742
22:15 201
30:19 525, 544, 563, 858, 1456 6:4 739
22:15–21 523
30:20 276 6:12–16 989
22:22ff 605
31:9–11 246n11 6:16 739
22:23–24 1252
31:11 1724 7:9 641
22:24 868, 1473
31:14 848 7:12 1712
22:30 457
31:15 848 7:12–13 1716
23:1–3 1101
31:16 555, 560 7:19 970
23:4 426
31:19 848 8:20 1219
23:4–5 426
31:21 848 8:20–21 676
23:5 557
31:27–32:22 1192 8:33 523
23:8 1101
31:28 523, 544, 563, 858, 1456 8:33–35 246n11
23:14a 1597
32:1 858 9:24 641
23:17–18 1749
32:1–25 203 9:25 345
23:18 1749
32:5 146 10:11–14 711
24:1 552
32:9 859 10:24 452
24:1–4 565
32:9–10 848 11:4 813
25:7 523
32:10–11 1038 11:23 314
25:16 1301
32:10–12 859 14:1 314
26:2 558
32:11 81, 531, 770, 772 15:12 1250
27–28 523
32:14 859 19:8–9 708
27:1–28:68 525
32:15 859 19:51 314
27:15–26 299
32:15–17 1192 20:4 201
28:1–5 499
32:16 831, 859 22:17 415
28:2–4 740
32:17 831, 1065, 1101, 1367 22:19 276
28:10 490
32:21 859, 1192 23:2 523
28:11–12 499
32:22 859 23:7 534
28:12 349n14
32:32 956 23:16 534
28:15 457, 1199
32:35 1362, 1465 24:1 313, 523
28:15ff 586, 987
32:35–36 140 24:2 163
28:16–18 740
32:36 982 24:5 940
28:20 1244
32:37–39 1192 24:10 426
28:21–22 457
32:39 598 24:11 976
28:26 631, 1508
32:40 859, 1194 24:12 616
28:27 1199
32:41 858 24:13 913
28:27–29 457
32:43 151, 276, 640, 1034 24:14 831
28:28 785
33:2 542, 989, 1236 24:27 1135
28:34 785
28:35 457, 1199 33:13 277
28:36 1501 33:15 681, 1249 Judges
28:38 779, 780 33:17 1346
28:47–52 668 33:19 1627
28:48 733 33:20 586 1:30–33 1247
28:49 75, 334, 771–772, 1023 33:27 889 1:32 641
28:49–50 1443 34:2 755 2:1 1548
28:51 627 2:1–3 850
28:52 673, 905, 1669, 1672 2:1–5 203
28:54 1244 2:12–13 424
28:55–57 624 2:17 555

2:19 534 16:7 459, 832, 895 4:34 274

3:16 1499 17:5–6 345, 452 5:3 452
3:21 1499 17:9 684 5:7–12 1262
4:2 1247 17:19 442 6:16 891
4:14 345 17:26 693 6:20 1679
5:5 202 17:32 442 6:20–35 1421
5:19 1232 17:33 442 6:24–26 529
5:20 442, 1008 17:34–35 466 6:29–35 1670
5:23 850 17:36 348 6:36 874
6:2 683, 684 17:37 1054 7:1 937
6:5 792 17:38 345, 452 7:12 874
6:34 739 17:43 1749 7:15–22 848
7:3 1655 18:4 616 7:21 490
7:12 792, 813 22:1 683, 684 7:23–26 523, 527
7:15 346 26:19 276 7:49 339, 937
7:22 1519 7:50 891
8:27 555, 561 7:51 1384
9:54 296 2 Samuel 8:6 891, 988
10:6 424 8:7 530
11:4 442 1:16 306 8:9 989
11:5 442 3:31 936 8:10–13 558
11:20 442 5:6 641 8:13 988, 1156
13:15–20 1128 5:7 759, 1156 8:16 313
14:12 1480 5:9 759 8:27 893, 1009, 1116
18:16–19 718 5:17–20 142 8:31–32 1208
20:2 313 5:22ff 142 8:36 276
20:10 313 6:2 529 8:39 451, 459
20:38 1219 7:4–17 256 9:6–9 567, 572, 1362
20:40 676 7:7 313 9:13 1262
21:5 313 7:14 1624, 1653 9:26 1435
21:16 523 8:2 888 9:26–28 1419
8:3 810 10:9 557
10:17 442 10:14–29 1433
Ruth 11:12–13 1379 10:18 1424
11:17 442 10:22 1419, 1424, 1435
3:9 573, 1477 13:5 457 10:23 274, 1433
4:11 977 14:16 276 10:28 1419
14:20 459 11:1–11 1287
15:1 1427 11:4 1113
1 Samuel 15:27 1091 11:11 1113
16:9 1749 11:32 313
2:3 459 17:11 813 12:28 956
2:6 598 18:19 981 12:28–30 718
2:10 1236 19:9 313 14:11 1500, 1508
2:28 313 20:9 543 14:27 452
4:4 529 20:14 313 16:4 1500
4:8 940, 951 21:15 442 16:29–18:46 897
6:5 970 21:16 345, 452 16:31 416–417, 424, 426
7:3 831 22:8–12 670 16:31–33 448
8:5–8 1290 22:9 949 17:1 939
8:19–20 1290 22:11 529, 531, 690 17:3–7 161
10:20 313 22:14 1236 18:1 939
12:12 1290 24:13 458 18:4 147, 395, 416, 423, 651, 684,
13:5 813 985
13:6 684 18:13 78, 395, 416, 423, 985, 1311
13:19 276 1 Kings 18:19 395, 416, 423
13:20 1183 18:22 416
14:15 671 1:40 1446 18:24 948
14:20 1519 2:19 543 18:38 948, 1123
15:22–23 1119 2:32–33 306 19:1 147, 423, 1311
15:23 832, 1101 4:20 813 19:1–3 395, 416

19:3–8 161 21:12–13 888 28:12 1387
19:4 790 21:21 424 28:18 530
19:10 257, 423, 651, 1311 23:3 849 29:1–9 1387
19:11 691 23:4 1113 29:2 345, 1425, 1683
19:14 147, 423, 651, 1311 23:29 1232 29:3 298
20:23 1249 24:2–4 1308 29:7 1425
20:25 1485 24:3–4 1456
21:1–16 416 24:13 1294
21:8 544 24:16 968 2 Chronicles
21:8–13 523 24:20 567
21:10 923 25:7 345, 452 2:7 1425
21:24 1500 25:8–9 69 2:11 557
21:25 448 25:8–10 988 2:17 276
22:1–38 593 25:9 1172 3:6–7 1683
22:9 520 25:11–13 29 3:6–10 1421
22:18 583 25:13 527 3:13 529
22:19 203, 517, 520, 524 25:13ff 345 3:17 490
22:19–20 583, 593 25:14–15 834 4:1ff 345
22:19–22 514, 1228 25:16 452, 527 4:2 527
22:19–23 517, 593, 1230 4:2–6 527, 1630
22:39 1424 4:6 527
1 Chronicles 4:18 1425
5:10 989
2 Kings 5:1 457 6:5 313
5:18 616 6:30 459
1:8 160 5:25 555 7:13 780
1:10 1129, 1599 6:49 891 7:20 276, 915
1:10–14 948, 1123 9:26 1384 7:20–21 918
2:6–12 161 9:29 1426 9:8 557
2:11 965 10:4 296 9:11 594
3:22 619 11:4 641 9:17 1424
6:17 188, 444, 509, 798 11:5 759 9:21 1424
6:22 616 11:7 759 9:23 274
7:1 623 12:8 823 9:26 810
7:6 195 14:16 142 11:15 1375
8:13 1749 15:24 739 16:9a 530
9:7 151, 225, 395, 985, 1311 16:18 276 18:18 203, 517, 520
9:10 1500 16:32 345 18:18–22 514
9:22 415–416 16:36 299, 535 20:11 918
9:33 452 16:42 594 21:11 555
11:12 593 18:3 810 21:12 154, 357
15:29 1247 18:8 527 21:13 415
16:8 1384 21:12 1671 23:11 593
16:14–15 345 21:16 1671 23:15 1428
17:12 424 21:30 1671 24:18 424
17:13 1311 22:2 276 24:19 257, 937
17:20 913 22:3 1425 24:19–21 78, 423
17:23 225 22:14 1425 24:21 651
17:35 534 22:16 1425 29:7 1450
17:36 956 22:18 641 29:16ff 1106
18:5 1240 24:6–31 521, 522, 1678 32:11 733
18:15 1384 25:1–6 521 32:28 627
18:21 872 25:6–31 594, 1678 33:6 1454
18:23 1240 25:7–13 523 33:7 313
18:25 1240 26:17–19 521, 1678 33:15 759
19:4 348, 693 26:26–27 1387 34:3ff 1106
19:22 475 27:1–15 521 34:7 276
19:31 759, 1156 28:6 988 35:22 1233
21:7 313 28:8 1101 35:24–25 1232
21:10 225 28:9 452, 459 36:14–16 147, 423
21:10–11 163, 418 28:11–2 1384 36:18 1384

36:23 357 9:19 961 Psalms

9:22 961
Ezra 2:1 1159

Job 2:1–2 287
2:2 288
1:3 918
2:6 759, 1159, 1249, 1252
2 559 1:6 520
2:6–7 880
3:10–11 535 1:6–11 1025
2:7 445–446, 1004, 1011
4:15 474 1:6–12 520, 998, 1029
2:8 288, 974
5:3 1684 1:7 1009
2:8–9 420, 467, 1004, 1013
5:9 1684 1:16 1128
2:9 128, 133, 274, 420, 1013, 1159,
5:11 1684 1:19 691
1497
5:12 1172 2:1 520
2:10 288
5:14–15 559 2:1–5 1025
2:26b–27b 467
7:12 1498 2:1–6 1029
6:6 457
7:16 1387 2:1–7 998
7:5 856
8:24–30 1387 3:20–26 790
7:9 459
9:11 225 4:10 795, 1054
8 598
10:14 523 6:12 452
8:4–8 794
7:13–14 457
8:6 115, 452
7:15 790
Nehemiah 7:21 856
8:6–8 1627
9:7 517
9:7 544
9:11 759, 850, 880
1:1–4 973 9:26 772
9:13 349
3:13 515 11:7 462
10:8 542
3:28 1428 15:7 681
10:16 640
7:6ff 559 15:8 462, 514
10:18 981
8:1–3 246 16:15 936
11:4 459, 510, 517, 527
8:6 299, 874 20:11 856
11:4–7 1276, 1488
8:8–12 961 20:12–14 867
11:6 825
8:15 724 21:12 1446
11:15 690
9:6 539 21:17–18 690
16:8 543
9:7 164, 439 21:26 856
17:1 973
9:11 1442 22:8–9 1404
17:3 973
9:12 848 23:10 500
17:7 542
9:13 336 24:2–3 1404
18:8 949
9:15 732, 1203 26:2 777
18:8–15 296
9:17 956 26:6 801
18:9 534
9:19 848 28:14 777
18:10 529, 531, 690
9:20–21 1016 28:22 777, 801
18:12–14 1236
9:26 78, 147, 257, 423, 651, 1311 28:24 462
18:13 949
9:38–10:1 544 29:7 515
18:35 542
10:32–36 1387 29:25 739
19:1–2 539
10:34 1129 31:6a 623
19:1–3 6
11:1 27, 879 31:12 777, 801
20:2 880
11:1ff 559 33:19 457
20:6 346, 542
11:18 27, 879 37:7 544
20:7 1428
12:27–44 535 37:17 695
22:15 856
12:41 739 38:7 775, 1008
22:16 1749
13:4–19 1106 38:8 527
22:20 1749
13:28 1323 38:17 349
22:21 1346
39:15 452
22:27 860, 1161
39:19–20 795
Esther 39:19–25 793
23:4 435, 466
24:1–2 1627
39:25 1239
24:7 523
2:18 961 39:26 531
24:9 523
3:12 544 39:26–28 772
26:1 981
6:1 474 41:19 949
26:2 459
6:8–11 1427 41:27 452
26:8 988
8:8 544 42:9 291
27:1 435
8:10 544 27:4 58, 899

28:4 457 58:10–11 985 89:2 256
29:1 854 62:12 457 89:3 256
29:1–2 534 63:7 733 89:6–8 1019
29:3 854, 855 65:1–2 737 89:7 520
29:3–9 989 65:4 59, 298, 899 89:12 1135
29:4 855 65:6 1249 89:13 542
29:7 855 66:19 737 89:18 475
29:9 855 68:6–8 336 89:20 256, 258
29:10 855 68:8 202 89:27 256–257, 259, 274
29:11 854 68:9 276 89:37 256
32:4 1206 68:16 849n10 89:39 258
32:6 1039 68:17 812 90:2–4 531
32:9 1286 68:29 566, 1296 90:3 856
33:6 539 68:30 452, 725 90:4 1014, 1550
33:9 539 68:32 725 91:1 733, 1205
33:17 1428 69:8 1080 91:3 828
34:7 352, 444 69:28 474 91:11 352
35:5 690 69:31 1346 92:5 462
35:13 936 69:35 880 92:10 1346
37:9 277 71:22 475 94:6 1404
37:10 790 72:11 534 95:5 1627, 1629
37:11 277 72:21 778 95:6 534
37:20 676 73:27 555 95:10 785, 860
37:29 277 74:2 759, 850 96:2b 1167
41:3 457 74:13–14 1005 96:11 345
42:2 348, 693, 1724 74:14 1005 97:2–3 296
42:4 988 76:2 850 97:5 681
42:7 345 77:18 1236 98:5 594
43:1 981, 983 77:18–20 989 98:8 1135
43:4 594 78 80 98:9 534
44:1–3 542 78:15 1203 99:1 522, 529
44:3 542 78:24 418 101:8 1594
44:21 459 78:24–25 442 102:20 1372
45:1 534 78:41 475 102:21 491
45:3 1486, 1499 78:45 1226 103:19 515, 517
45:4 1486 78:46 780 104:2 518
45:6 517, 593 78:48 989 104:3 690, 1180
45:8 1424 78:51 259 104:20 768
45:9 543 78:52 848 104:21 1054
46 905 78:54 276, 640 104:29 856
46:1–2 435 78:68 1598 104:32 778
46:4 880, 1594 78:72 733 105 80
46:4–5a 880 79:1 69, 276 105:11 276
46:9 617–618 80:1 529, 1184 105:29 940
47:9 515 80:8 1705 105:30 1226
47:10 725 80:8–9 1184 105:41 1203
48 905 80:8–11 1705 106 80
48:1 759, 880, 1594 80:9–11 1705 106:7 956
48:1–2 882 80:14–15 1184 106:11–12 1191
48:7 690 80:15 542 106:21 956
48:8 880 81:2 594 106:28–30 415
50:2–3 564 84:2 348 106:36 424
50:7 563 86:9 1161 106:37 831, 1065, 1101, 1367
50:7–13 203 87:1 1249 106:48 299
50:10 1550 87:2 880 107:3 142
50:85 203 87:3 880, 882, 1594 107:10 1372
51:2 290 87:4 1005 107:16 345, 452
51:18 1669 87:7 1446 107:18 349
55:6 531 88:6 778 107:23–24 1436
57:1 733 88:11 801 109:6 1025
58:4 828 88:12 777 110:1 345, 453, 502, 543

110:2 593, 880 9:18 867 1:2 858

110:4 344, 453 10:27 1105, 1108 1:4 214, 475
114:4 1135 12:4 1300 1:9–10 163
114:6 1135 15:3 591 1:10 274, 427, 561, 830, 956
114:8 1203 15:11 777, 801 1:10–15 832, 895
115:4 305 16:1 1228 1:10ff 213
115:16 598, 1546 16:9 1228 1:11–17 1214
116:19 491 16:11 623 1:13 1656, 1695
118:1–4 535 16:14–15 260 1:15 1136
118:6 435 16:18 1404 1:15–22 1309
118:19–20 515 17:3 459, 500 1:17 981
118:136 535 17:15 1301 1:18–20 203
121:1–2 681 18:11 1669 1:21 561, 1260, 1265, 1268, 1304,
121:5 542 19:12 260, 586, 1054 1306, 1308, 1465, 1636, 1656
121:5–6 142, 1205 19:21 1228 1:21a 884, 887, 1252
121:5–7 1206 20:8 545 1:21d 1456
122:2–6 1362 20:10 623 1:22 884
122:5 545 20:23 623 1:23 1465
122:6 491 22:1 439 1:24 163
125:1b 1158 23:5 531 1:25 452
125:2 1249 24:12 457 2:1–4 1633, 1645
128:5 491 25:21–22 1400 2:2 1634
132:1–5 457 25:28 1669 2:2–3 681, 758, 759, 1633, 1676
132:13 850 27:4 568 2:2–4 860, 880
132:13–15 558 27:20 777, 801 2:3 725
135:8 259 27:21 500 2:4 618
136:16 848 28:15 1054 2:6–8 1657
137:5–6 491, 899 30:19 772 2:10 683–684
138:2 298, 534 30:27 800 2:13 691
138:7 542 31:23 201, 523 2:19 684
139:1–6 459 2:205 1690
139:7–16 1009 3:8–9 564
139:9b–12 463 Ecclesiastes 3:9 164, 274, 418
139:10 542 3:10 1466
139:17–18 462 1:3 512 3:13–15 203
139:23 459 1:7 1627 3:14 520
140:3 828 1:9 512 3:24 936
141:2 743 1:14 512 3:126 82
144:5 778 3:20 856 4:1 626
144:13 977 4:12 38 5:1 1276
147:5 462 5:1 988 5:1–2 146
147:19–20 208 6:3 1500 5:1–7 204, 987, 1184
148:5 539 6:6 1550 5:5 905
148:11 274 7:1 439 5:7 1308
149:5–9 465 10:7 1427 5:19 475
150:3–4 594 10:10 1183 5:20 867
12:7 856 5:24 475
12:13–14 6 5:25 671, 959
Proverbs 5:26–30 1035
5:29 854
1:28 790 Song of Solomon 6:1 510, 517, 527, 1212
3:11–12 501 6:1–4 524, 583
3:12 455, 501 3:8 1499 6:1–8 517
5:4 765 6:4 999 6:1–13 347, 514, 593
6:16–17 1301 6:10 999 6:2 520, 528–529
6:32–34 559 6:2–3 528
6:34 568, 1357 6:3 528, 530, 532, 535
8:3 515, 523 Isaiah 6:8–9 593
8:27–29 1629 6:9 422
9:13–16 867 1:1 161 6:9–10 862
9:17 867 1:1ff 70 6:9–13 593

6:10–11 583 14:12 352, 467, 758, 763, 775–776 29:10 422
6:12–13 722 14:13–14 536 29:11 855
6:19b 1621 14:25 276 29:11–12 585
7:2 695 14:31 676 29:13 146, 833, 1109
7:8 1494 15:3 936, 959 29:14 566
7:17–25 82 15:9 1185 29:19 475
8:6–7 214 15:10 204 29L6a 671
8:18 759 17:7 475 30:7 1005
9:1 1246 17:12–13 1035 30:8 337
9:2 1556 18:7 725, 759 30:8–11 922
9:7 545 19 302 30:9–11 214
9:15 799 19:1 48, 190, 488, 534, 589, 1494, 30:18 245
10:1–2 1404 1553 30:19 973, 1648
10:5 617, 685, 1237, 1487 19:1–3 296 30:26 999
10:5–6 890, 980, 1084, 1496 19:19 340 30:27 1219
10:5–15 1494 19:23–25 860 30:28d 1286
10:5a 1496 19:25 245 30:29 1446
10:6 959, 980 20:2 936 30:33 825
10:12 617, 1084, 1496 21:3 1000 31:1–4 1486
10:15–19 265 21:9 1367 32:20 245
10:20 475 22:5 333 33:7 959
10:22 719, 813 22:16 1500 33:19 334, 668
10:33–34 265 22:22 128, 421, 476 34:1–5 104
11:1 256 23:15 1261 34:3–5 675
11:1–5 545 23:17b 1378 34:4 763
11:1a 586 24:1–6 669 34:4–5 669, 679
11:2 256 24:10 1446 34:4–8 64, 352
11:2–4 469 24:11 959 34:5 105, 763
11:4 1496–1497 24:15 1250 34:5–6 1532
11:6–10 587 24:21 274, 333, 545 34:8 140, 1182
11:9 759, 880 24:22 1372 34:8–10 778
11:10 587 24:23 521, 523, 530, 759, 999 34:9 825
11:11 1250, 1751 25:6 570 34:10 676
11:12 689 25:6–7 1452 34:11 888
11:14 717 25:6–9 1644 34:11–15 1375
11:15 690 25:6–12 1474 35:4 140, 1182
11:15–16 1223 25:7 1629, 1645 35:10 1648
11:16 958 25:8 1629, 1645 36:18 276
12:6 475 25:8a 1644 37:1–3 936
13–14 107, 116 25:8b 734 37:3 1000
13:1 104, 191, 669, 675, 1532 26:1 1671 37:4 348, 693
13:2 1625 26:1–2 1671 37:29 1286
13:4 1249 26:2 515 37:32 1160
13:6 332–333, 335, 1229 26:4 1671 38:4 242
13:6–13 64 26:13–19 962 38:10 349
13:9 332–335, 1229 26:17 1011 40:2 291, 1402
13:9–10 674 26:17–18 1000 40:3 161
13:9–11 104 26:19 856 40:3–5 80
13:10 190, 675, 983, 1625 26:21 534, 545 40:10 1744
13:10–13 669 27:8 690 40:11 1100, 1402
13:11 545 27:13 334, 759 40:12 681
13:12 1625 28:1–2 1039 40:25 475
13:13 190, 333, 335 28:11 668, 1023 40:26 666, 674
13:17 191, 1625 28:14 427, 957 40:28 539
13:17–19 1532 28:16 1158 40:31 772
13:19 191, 669, 675, 1266 28:17–21 142 41:1 736
13:21–22 1375 28:21 957 41:1ff 203
14:2 276 29:1–8 905 41:2 690
14:4 352, 536, 758n3, 763, 775 29:3 1230 41:4 338, 348, 429
14:8 691 29:6 1236 41:16 690, 696
14:10ff 1430 29:6b 679 41:21 545

41:25 545 52:1 27, 879, 1199, 1623, 1637, 62:8 543
42:5 539, 666 1716 62:10 1672
42:6 1002, 1690 52:1–2 997 62:11 997, 1487
42:10–12 1250 52:6 1490 62:12 1671
42:13 1494 52:7 880 63:1–3 1487
42:15 758, 1224 52:11 1623 63:2–3 1487, 1491
42:24 479 53 6 63:3 1497
43:4 417, 482 53:7 1100 63:4 1182
43:5f 142 53:8 573 63:5 1497
43:7 490 54:1 1682 63:9 742
43:8 422 54:1–6 997 63:18 890
43:9ff 203 54:4 1404 63:18–19 918
43:10–13 293 54:5 1637 64:10 879
43:10–19 497 54:5a 555 64:10–11 884
43:19 1622 54:6 1637 65:1–2 502
43:26 545, 945 55:1 1752 65:11 880
44:6 338, 429 55:8–9 462 65:15 388, 1467
44:10–20 305 55:11 897, 1651 65:15–16 496
44:18 422 55:12–13 81 65:16 493, 495
44:23 1135 56:2 245 65:16–17 495
44:27 1223 56:3 478 65:17 1620–1621, 1623, 1644,
45:2 345, 452 56:3–8 294 1649
45:7 768 56:5 444 65:17–20 1614, 1644
45:12 666 56:7 759, 880 65:17a 495
45:14 36, 273, 314, 460, 465, 481 56:8–11 213 65:18ff 70
45:15 481 56:10–11 1749 65:19 973, 1644, 1647, 1648
45:18 539, 666 56:13 759 65:20 1615, 1621
45:21 545, 945 57:1–4 1262 65:20b 1621
46:9–10 6 57:3 1162, 1455 65:20d 1621
47:7–8 1404 57:3–5 214 65:25 880
47:9 1406, 1454 57:13 277, 880 66:1 893
47:103 1430 57:20 1035, 1627 66:1–2 1113
48:1 884 59:12 922 66:1–3 1118
48:2 27, 879, 884 60:3 1690 66:2 1623
48:12 338, 348, 429 60:5 1627, 1690 66:3 213, 832, 836, 1109, 1113,
48:14 557 60:6 294 1140, 1214, 1695, 1749
48:18 1627 60:6e 1694 66:3d 1134
48:19 813 60:7d 1694 66:5 427
48:20–21 81 60:11 515, 1691 66:6 1196, 1235, 1276
48:21 1203 60:13 1694 66:6–9 1000
49:2 733, 1496 60:14 314, 460, 465, 481, 1594 66:7 1011
49:4–7 732 60:19–20 999 66:7–8 1000
49:6 294 60:20 1693 66:7–9 997
49:8 277 60:66 725 66:10 491, 517
49:8–12 81 61:1 420 66:15 798
49:10 732–733, 1205–1206, 1651 61:2 140, 333, 1182 66:18 294
49:12 142 61:6 1296 66:19 1250
49:18 859, 997, 1637, 1682 61:7 258 66:20 759, 880, 1595
49:23 140, 314, 452, 460, 481 61:10 997, 1472, 1477, 1637
49:23a 481 62:1 1487
62:1–5 997
Jeremiah
50:1 552, 673
50:1–2 762 62:2 444, 1487, 1672
50:1b 203 62:4 918, 1487 1:1–2 8n16
50:2 566 62:4–5 1637 1:1–3 1303
50:3 673 62:4b 568 1:2 162, 242
50:20 1224 62:4c 555 1:4 162
51:9 1005 62:4d 1487 1:5–10 347
51:11 1648 62:5 570, 1451, 1672 1:11 162
51:16 733 62:5a 1487 1:14 486, 637
51:17 1378 62:5c–d 1487 1:15 641
62:6 1671 1:18 345, 452, 489

2–3 213 4:23 675, 1293 11:14–15 567
2:1–3 606 4:23–24 675 11:15 905, 1276
2:1–3:10 82 4:27 1293 11:20 387, 459
2:2 556, 917, 1038, 1293, 1303 4:27–28 644 12:7 567, 572, 918
2:2–3 161, 699, 1163–1164 4:28 675 12:14–15 918
2:3a 1164 4:30 1293–1294, 1308 13:21 1000
2:4 427 4:31 1000, 1040 13:27 415, 1162
2:5 163 5:1 668 14:2 973
2:6 566, 956 5:6 606, 1054 14:7 922
2:7 276, 640, 917 5:9 545 14:13–16 959
2:8 163 5:12 1404 15:1 1082
2:11 1369 5:14 931, 949, 1293 15:1–4 1084
2:11–13 163 5:15 75, 1023 15:2 1081
2:12 606 5:17 949 15:3–4 1082
2:13 833, 1651 5:21 422 15:7 696
2:15 606, 854 5:26–27 1370 15:8 813, 1593
2:18 867 5:29 545 15:13 1294
2:19 867 5:31 867, 1109, 1165 16:4 631
2:20 415, 606, 1293, 1636 6:1–8 82 16:9 1451
2:20d 1308 6:6 1230 16:16–17 683
2:21 884 6:12 486, 637, 641 16:17 530
2:23–25 606 6:13 1105, 1165 16:18 276, 640, 1402
2:25 562 6:20 832 17:3 1294, 1651
2:30 78, 147, 163, 423, 606, 651 6:22–23 1035 17:7 245
2:32 699 6:23 618 17:7–8 1205–1206
2:33 562 6:24 1000 17:10 387, 459
2:35 945 6:26 936 17:13 833
2:36 562 6:29 452 17:18 1402
3:1 564, 917, 1636 6:50 618 17:25 1427
3:1–2 213 7:2 427, 1445 18:13 1163
3:1–3 564 7:4 836, 905, 1109, 1169, 1445 18:17 690
3:1–8 1293 7:5–11 837 19:1 523
3:1–9 415 7:10–11 490 19:7 631
3:3 1268 7:11 146, 575 19:9–13 1445
3:3b 1303 7:13–15 567 19:14 160
3:4 564 7:14 1109, 1136 20:5 1294
3:6 560, 564–565, 606, 1636 7:14–15 907, 915, 918 20:12 387, 459
3:8 214, 552, 565–566, 581, 606, 7:14–17 1445 21:10 949
1636 7:15 913 21:12 545
3:8–9 564 7:17–18 163 21:14 545
3:9 606 7:22–23 1105 22:1 1265
3:11–12 867 7:25 225, 985 22:2 427
3:14 917 7:32–33 1486 22:4 1427
3:16–17 1685 7:33 631 22:5 567, 572
3:17 725 7:34 1445, 1451 22:6–9 1445
3:18 276 8:3 790 22:8 1265, 1445
3:20 203 8:6 1485 22:17 1445
4:1–13 82 8:10 1105 22:19 1265
4:3 771, 1293 8:16 1485 22:24 859
4:4 163 8:16–17 718 22:28 918
4:5 334, 1293 8:17 828 22:33 1000
4:6 606 9:9 545 23:1ff 213
4:7 586, 1293 9:11 1375 23:5 545
4:8 936 9:13 766 23:14 561, 564, 830, 956
4:9 333, 334 9:15 765 23:15a 765
4:11 1293 10:8–10a 693 23:18 514
4:13 679, 771–772, 793, 798 10:10 348 23:24 1009
4:14 675 10:18 486, 637 23:29 949
4:16 1293 11:6 959 23:31 693
4:17 771 11:7–8 945 24:9 479
4:20 1293 11:10 567 25:4 147, 225, 423

25:9 617, 884, 1444 44:2–6 163 1:1–4 765

25:10 1445, 1449, 1451 46:2–4 813 1:5 1445
25:11 1063 46:3–5 793 1:8 1445
25:11–12 125 46:10 333 1:10 69
25:12 617, 1063 46:13 1443 1:15 1497
25:14 457 46:22–23 813 1:19 790
25:15–18 1378 46:23 1443 1:22 1445
25:27–28 1378 47:4 333 2:1 333
25:30 160, 849 48:9 531 2:3 346
26:4–6 905 48:40 531, 772 2:7 567
26:6 1445 49:3 936 2:8 888
26:9 1445 49:10 1443 2:10 936
26:14 346 49:16 772 3:15 765
26:17 520 49:20–21 671 3:19 765
26:18 759, 1156 49:21–22 671 3:34 452
26:20–24 147, 423, 651 49:22 772 3:42 1445
27:6 617 49:31 1673 3:42–44 846
27:14 905 49:35 618 3:64 457
27:19 527 49:36 1332 4:2 956
29:1 357 50:17 586 4:6 163, 564, 956, 1266, 1445
29:4 357 50:28 759, 914, 1156 4:8 623
29:19 225 50:29 457, 475 4:12 274, 905, 956
29:23 242 50:29b 1401 4:12–13 1458
29:29–30 357 50:35 1266 4:13 151, 1105, 1266, 1302
30:6 1000 50:37 1485 4:19 772
31:3 557 50:38 1224 4:20 733
31:9 258, 259, 522 50:39 1375 5:3–14 1404
31:10 534 50:39c 1432 5:7 1445
31:31 732 50:39d 1432 5:10 623
31:31–33 1619 51:1–2 690, 696 5:16 1445
31:31–34 1635 51:6 1182, 1285 5:19 517
31:32 203, 556, 561, 699, 917, 945, 51:7 1379
1199, 1642 51:7–8 1300
31:33 1642 51:10ff 759, 1156 Ezekiel
31:35 345 51:13 1277
31:35–36 768 51:20 685 1–3 347, 601
31:40 1428 51:24–26 760 1:1 29, 161, 327, 514
32:10–11 544 51:25 681, 758, 759, 761, 986, 1:1–3 8n16
32:14 544 1330–1331 1:1–28 517
32:44 544, 694 51:27 792, 1375 1:3 242
33:11 1451 51:29 1242 1:4–28 139
33:15 545 51:36 1224, 1627 1:5 528
33:20 768 51:42 758 1:5–6 529
33:22 719, 813 51:45 1392 1:5–10 550
33:25 768 51:48 1439 1:6 139, 1522
34:2 949 51:59–61 353, 475 1:8 528
34:20 631 51:63 1442 1:10 513, 528, 769, 771
34:22 949 51:64 1444 1:10–14 772
35:15 225 52:3 913 1:13 513
36:2 549n5 52:4–5 897 1:15 513
36:6 549n5 52:12 1172 1:16 513
36:8 549n5 52:13 1172 1:16–18 1522
36:10 549n5 52:15–18 29 1:18 528
36:27–28 549n5 52:17 345, 527 1:19–21 513
36:28 337 52:19 834 1:22 513, 526
36:29 549n5 52:20 527 1:22–2:4 517
37:8 949 1:22–28 550
38:23 949 1:24 195, 338, 771
42:15–16 545 Lamentations 1:25–26 513
43:12 733 1:26 203, 512, 1628
44:2–3 1445 1:1 882, 1404, 1445 1:26–28 524

1:27 546 6:9 831 16:1ff 213
1:27–28 518 6:9a 561 16:2 569
1:28 338, 346, 513, 519n4 6:11 321 16:2–3 1362
2:1 340 7:1–12 249 16:3 1438
2:2 121, 512, 516, 1284 7:1–19 82 16:6–13 1404
2:3 546 7:2 689 16:6–14 732
2:3–5 530, 867 7:7 486, 630, 637, 641 16:7–10 1477
2:3a 550 7:16 683 16:8 555, 626, 1038, 1357, 1438
2:4 163, 321, 546 7:18 936 16:8–10 1355
2:4–7 865 7:19 332, 333 16:8–13 699, 917
2:5–8 546 7:20 1133 16:9–12 1423
2:6 340 8:1 161 16:10–13 1292, 1357–1358, 1433,
2:8 340 8:2 1197 1438
2:8–3:3 203, 550, 864, 1518 8:3 121, 516, 559, 872 16:12 699
2:8–3:11 869 8:3–13 163 16:13 1291
2:8–9 864 8:5 559 16:13b 626
2:8–34 347 8:6 522, 572 16:14–15 1292, 1403
2:9 542, 864, 867 8:11–13 1113 16:15–17 565, 1306, 1438, 1636
2:9–3:1 550 9:2 343, 345 16:15–36 415
2:9–3:3 846, 865 9:2–3 338 16:15a 1403
2:9–10 543, 546, 550 9:3 1688 16:17 1133
2:9b–10 549 9:4 695, 706 16:19 699, 917
2:10–3:1 592 9:4–6 343, 745, 781, 1724 16:26 565, 1347
2:64 1429 9:4–7 895 16:27 565
3:1 530, 546 9:5 706 16:28 565, 1347
3:2–3 871 9:6–7 1666 16:29 1347
3:3 126, 864 9:9a 1725 16:30–31 565
3:4 546, 864, 867 9:11 695 16:31–32 203
3:5–7 530 10:1 526 16:33–35 565
3:7 546, 867 10:1–20 528 16:35 427
3:9 546 10:1–22 517 16:36 568
3:10 340 10:2 126, 745 16:37–39 1357
3:11 864 10:2–7 745 16:37–41 1354
3:12 121, 330, 347, 516 10:4 1688 16:38 559, 605
3:13 771 10:5 771 16:38–39 1355
3:14 347, 516, 867, 872 10:9–10 529 16:39 1357
3:17 347 10:12 530 16:40 1252
3:23 346 10:14 769, 771 16:41 565, 569, 1438
3:24 121, 516 10:18–19 1666 16:42 559
3:25 340 10:20–21 529 16:45–52 163
3:26 546 11:1 516, 522 16:46 564, 956
3:27 321, 546 11:4 160 16:48 164
4:1–5:17 82, 530 11:5 121, 516 16:48–49 564
4:1–8 550 11:16–17 321 16:49 274, 418, 561
4:1–17 203 11:22 528 16:55–56 564
4:2–4 513 11:22–23 572, 1666 16:57 565
4:4–8 871 11:23 1675 17 204
4:7 160 11:24 121, 330, 516, 872 17:1–21 772
4:8 139 12:7 695 17:2 956
4:10 623 12:13 695 17:3 772
4:14 321 12:19 321 17:7 772
4:16 623 12:23 422 17:18 543
4:16–17 624 12:28 321 17:22–24 1597, 1705
5:1–17 550 13:2 160 18:13 306
5:2 690, 756 13:8–16 1252 20:3–26 80
5:5 630, 875, 975 13:10–16 1671 20:7–8 956
5:7–8 321 13:13 1383 20:33–44 204
5:9 1239 14:6 831 20:35–38 161
5:11 321, 859 14:21 609, 630 20:47 427
5:12 756 15:6 1184 21:22 1671
5:13 559 16 1347 22:1–4 151

22:2–4 163 32:7 983 41:17 1671

22:7 1404 32:7–8 296, 674, 675 41:17–23 1671
22:18–19 452 32:11–12 1625 41:20 1671
22:25 854 32:16 675 41:21 1679
22:26 1105 32:18 675 42:15–17 1675
22:27 1456 33:4–5 306, 576 42:20 874, 893
22:30 790 33:7 347 43:1–4 692, 1675
23:2 956 33:24 276, 630 43:1–5 1662, 1666
23:3 957, 1347 34:10 213 43:2 338, 345, 1365, 1366
23:4 956 35:8 683 43:2–3 1688
23:5 562, 1347 36:4 683 43:3 1366
23:6 1485 36:5 559, 640 43:3a 1367
23:7 1347 36:20 640 43:4 1366
23:7–35 415 36:25–28 1630 43:5 121, 330, 516
23:8 957, 1347 36:28 1641 43:6–7 1212, 1365
23:9 562 37 856, 1019 43:6–11 1641
23:11–12 562 37:1 516, 872 43:7 29, 415, 977, 1367, 1639
23:12 822 37:3 727 43:10–11 29
23:14ff 1347 37:3b 728 43:16 1679
23:17 457 37:5 962 43:18–19 29
23:19 957 37:9 1332 44:6–7 1721
23:23–25 822 37:10 962, 1583 44:7 558, 1199
23:25 559, 1354, 1357 37:26 1623 44:9 1716, 1722
23:25–30 1357 37:26–27 732, 1638 44:22 917
23:26 1358 37:26–28 558 44:23 917
23:27 956, 957 37:27 731 44:25 1202
23:29 1357 38–39 126, 1599 45 277
23:31–34 1354 38:2 1592, 1596 46:1 1675
23:45 605 38:4 822 47:1 1652, 1699
23:47 1252 38:8–9 1596 47:1–9 1616
24:6 1456 38:12 875, 975 47:1–12 1597, 1699
24:6–9 151 38:12–13 1519 47:3 888
24:9 1456 38:16 276, 640, 1595 47:5 1699
24:10 526 38:16–28 1641 47:8 1627, 1699
26:3 1035 38:17 225, 985 47:9 1652, 1699, 1707
26:10 515 38:19 559, 967 47:12 1699, 1705–1707
26:13 1446 38:19–20 1242 47:13 314
27:7–25 1420 38:19–21 671 47:15 755
27:9 1419 38:21 621 47:18 276, 755
27:13 1419, 1428 38:22 825, 1596 47:21 314
27:25–32 1435 39:2 1592 48:1–2 715, 718
27:26 695 39:4–5 1486 48:19 313
27:36 1443, 1446 39:17–18 1501 48:20 1679
28:1–2 537 39:17ff 126 48:30 1674
28:2 1404 39:25 29 48:30–35 1662
28:13 518, 1682 39:27 29, 1671 48:31–34 1675
28:14 1670 40–48 69–70, 139, 140 48:32 715
28:17–19 1682 40:1 1671 48:35 1640
29:3 1005 40:1–2 872, 1671
30:2 333 40:2 1664, 1675
30:3 296, 331–334 40:3 888 Daniel
30:8 334 40:5 139, 1662, 1671
30:12–16 334 40:6–46 1675 1:1 69
30:19 334 40:12 1671 2:19–44 1735
31 265 40:39 29 2:21 540, 1067
31:3 1705 40:45 139 2:22 462
31:5 1705 40:46 1641 2:28–29 226
31:7 1705 40:47 139 2:33 452
32:1 1625 41:4 891 2:37 1349, 1498
32:2 669, 675, 1005 41:5–10 139 2:44 452, 1338, 1550
32:5–6 683 41:5–12 1671 2:45 226, 1735

2:47a 1352 9:16 759, 880, 1595 2:14–15 161, 556
4:9 1305 9:18–19 490 2:14–25 1163–1164
4:10 161 9:20–22 125 2:15 564, 577
4:11 1705 9:21 583 2:15–16 1038
4:13 161 9:24 879 2:16–23 502
4:14 265 9:24–27 921 2:19–20 555, 577
4:26 1034 9:26 758n2, 1039, 1362 2:21 333, 577
4:27 1305 9:27 935 2:22 577, 627
4:35 540 10 341–342 2:23 142, 577, 1391
4:37 1498 10:5 338, 342–343 3:1 627
5:2 834, 835 10:5–6 1018 3:1–3 560
5:30–31 1406 10:5–12 341 4:1 204, 242, 248, 564, 641, 643,
6:17 694, 1554 10:6 338, 344–345, 346 755, 937, 1064
6:20 348, 693 10:8 330 4:1–3 545
7:1–7 1042 10:12 338 4:3 761
7:1–8 524 10:13 738, 1017–1018 4:9 545
7:2–3 1042, 1332 10:15 346 4:12 415
7:3–7 139, 1337 10:16 1017 4:17–14:8 718
7:3–8 1519 10:16–17 330 4:19 531
7:4–6 1054 10:20–21 352 5:1 242
7:7 274, 452, 1047, 1346 10:21 738, 1018 5:4 415
7:7–8 1049 11:28 1068 5:5 922
7:8 1068, 1342 12:1 474, 729, 738, 856, 1017– 5:8 334
7:9 338, 344, 524, 526, 591, 1603 1019, 1240 5:9a 718
7:9–10 203, 341, 474, 517, 1562 12:1–2 1018 5:14 586
7:9–12 198, 296, 514 12:2 245, 1019, 1575, 1580 6:5 1496
7:9ff 545, 1603 12:2–3 856, 962 6:6 146
7:10 512, 520, 1603 12:3 467, 857 6:10 415, 561, 1286
7:10b 601 12:4 237, 337, 548, 583, 855, 857, 7:10–11 561, 1286
7:13 75, 149, 152, 237, 270, 295– 1019, 1337, 1742–1743 7:11 1287
296, 298, 316, 317, 338, 340–341, 12:4a 1742 8:1 739, 772
591, 846, 1179, 1518 12:5–7 857, 1019 8:9 562
7:13–14 340, 465, 512, 587, 1338 12:6 727, 857 8:13 545, 956
7:14 141, 274, 591, 592, 1550 12:7 543, 856, 897, 935, 1038 9:1 203
7:15–28 524 12:8 857 9:3 276, 640
7:18 465, 512 12:9 97, 337, 548 9:4 724
7:19 452, 723 12:10 1743 9:7 1362
7:20 1068, 1346 9:10 203, 415
7:20–21 1346 9:15 557, 572
7:21 142, 161, 695, 934, 953 Hosea 9:15b 918
7:21–22 296 10:1 557
7:22 512 1:1 161, 162 10:1–2 683
7:23 890 1:2 203, 415, 560, 1306 10:8 683
7:24 1346 1:7 1428 11:1 259, 1392
7:25 897, 935, 1038, 1069 1:10 142, 348, 719, 813 11:10 849, 854, 958
7:26 296 2:1ff 203 12:2 242, 248, 457, 545, 564, 937
7:27 465, 512, 1550 2:2 555, 566, 577, 1306 12:8 499, 1403
8:7 1346 2:3 577 13:2 1133
8:10 274, 352, 674, 1006 2:4 567 13:7–8 1054
8:12 1068 2:4–5a 1306 13:15 690
8:13–15 727 2:4b–5a 1307 14:7 733
8:13b 890 2:5 555, 577
8:15–17 1313 2:7 555, 626
8:16 583, 738 2:8 627 Joel
8:21 738 2:8–9 577, 1358
8:24 1068 2:9–10 577 1:1 161–162, 242
9:2 125 2:10 577 1:1–2:17 82
9:3 936 2:11 577, 1447 1:2 486, 637
9:6 225, 985 2:12 555, 577 1:4 766, 780, 795
9:10 225 2:13 577 1:6 276, 586
9:12 1239 2:14 555 1:10–12 780

1:14 486, 637 5:25–27 1113 5:13 534

1:15 332 6:1 758 6:1 945
1:16–17 780 6:12 214, 766 6:1–2 545, 758
2:1 105, 332, 333, 486, 637, 759, 7:1 780 6:1ff 203
779, 1625 7:7–9 888 6:2 242, 248, 937
2:1–2 334, 1229 7:10–17 1106 6:5 426
2:1–3 296 7:16 427 6:10–11 623
2:2 779 7:17 888 7:9 945
2:3–5 825 8:9 674, 675 7:12 725
2:3b 780 8:11 427 7:17 725
2:4–5 798 9:1 805
2:6 798 9:3 828
2:10 105, 352, 644, 669, 674–675, 9:7 213 Nahum
983, 1625 9:7–10 805
2:11 333, 1229 9:13 570 1:2–8 296
2:15 105 1:3–4 679
2:18 276, 640 1:5–6 1242
2:19 627 Obadiah 3:1–4 1261
2:25 766, 779–780 3:4 415
2:28–31 668 1:4 1499 3:15 780
2:28–32 674 1:8 333 3:18 683
2:30 778 1:15 333
2:30–31 1219 1:17 1160
2:31 333, 673, 1229 1:21 1159 Habakkuk
2:32b 1160
3:2 276, 640 1:8 772
3:12 545 Jonah 2:8 1302, 1388, 1412
3:13 1180, 1183 2:11 1135
3:15 352, 674 1:9 1629 2:14 1627
3:16 849, 1183 1:9–10 970 2:15 1379
3:17 759, 850, 880, 1595 1:16 970 3:3 475
3:18 570 2:4 298 3:5–7 681
3:5–8 936 3:6 681, 1249
Amos 3:5–10 1261 3:6–11 669
4:3 790 3:16 330
4:8 1206
1:1 8n16, 671
1:2 849, 854 Zephaniah
1:6 163 Micah
1:9 1262 1:1 161
2:4–16 204 1:1 161 1:7–9 334, 736
2:15 618 1:2 242, 858, 1034 1:8 641
3:1 427 1:2–3 303 1:14 332–334
3:1–2 1402 1:2–5 303, 922 1:14–15 296
3:4 854 1:3 534 1:14–16 334
3:7 222, 225, 514 1:5 163 1:14–18 1229
3:8 849, 854 2:5 1101 1:15 331, 674
3:13–14 922 3:9–12 163 1:15–16 905, 987
3:13–15 1106 3:11 905, 1105 1:17 334
4:10 80, 940 3:12 567, 759, 905, 914, 1156, 1:18 486, 637
4:10–11 1266 1362 2:2 333
4:10a 956 4:1–2 681, 759 2:3 333
4:11 564 4:2–4 1633 2:14 1375
4:11–12 956 4:7 759 3:1–5 163
4:11a 956 4:9 1000 3:3 214
5:7 766 4:10 1040 3:13 1165
5:16 959 4:11–12 1228 3:14–15 997
5:18 333, 674 5:5 466
5:18–20 332, 1229 5:6–9 717
5:20 333, 832 5:10 333
5:25–26 1112 5:11–14 1454

Haggai 4:9 339, 937 14:6–7 1712

4:10 530, 591 14:7 333
4:11–12 938 14:8 725, 1627, 1662, 1699, 1712
1:1 938 4:12 727, 937 14:8–11 1699
1:8 1684 4:14 938 14:8a 1712
1:11 627 5:6 727 14:10 1719
1:12 938 6:1–3 609 14:10–12 1712
1:14 938 6:1–7 610 14:11 1662, 1699, 1709, 1711–1714,
2:2 938 6:4 727 1718, 1720
2:4 938 6:5 689 14:11b 1718
2:7 725 6:7 610 14:13 333, 1519
2:21–22 681 7:12 427 14:14 1712
2:22 1519 7:14 695, 918 14:16 720, 725, 1713
8:2 880 14:16–17 1712
14:16–19 1662
Zechariah 8:3 759, 1595, 1664
14:17 314, 1662
8:8 1664
8:21 725 14:17–18 1713
1:1 242, 339 9:1 313 14:18 720
1:6 225 9:9 997 14:19 720
1:8–11 141, 609 9:10 618 14:20–21 1662
1:9 727 9:12–14 334 14:21 1712, 1719
1:12 343, 635 9:13–14 617
1:14 880 9:16 640
1:16 888 10:2–3 1719
Malachi
1:19 727, 1049 10:11 1223
1:21 727, 1049 11:2 1719 1:1 161
2:1–8 888 11:5 1719 1:2 557
2:6 142 11:6 486, 637, 641 1:10 832
2:10 997 12:2 1378 2:11 203, 560
2:11 1641 12:10 17, 75, 128, 149, 152, 237, 2:14 242, 554
2:12 276, 640 270, 295–296, 298, 307, 309–310, 3–4 73
2:13 736 312, 314, 317, 984 3:1 859, 1761
3:1 1029 12:10ff 309 3:1–3 1106
3:1–2 1019n19, 1029 12:11 1232–1233, 1242 3:1–5 1276
3:1–3 1020 12:12 309, 314 3:2 333, 1761
3:1–10 1025 12:12–14 296 3:2–3 500, 1488
3:7 874 13:2 1719 3:3–15 859
3:8 591 13:4 160 3:3f 1105
3:9 591 13:6 1222 3:5 203, 242
4:2 256, 338–339, 526, 591, 923, 13:8–9 756 3:10 988
938 13:9 500 4:1 940
4:2–3 937 14:1–2 1242 4:2 692, 1225
4:2–5 339 14:2 1712, 1719 4:3 452, 940
4:3 938 14:4 1712 4:4–6 940
4:4 727 14:4–5 1242 4:5 332, 333
4:6 256, 339, 469 14:5 671, 683
4:7 1330
New Testament
1:18 223, 1002 2:5 1050
Matthew 1:18–19 1663 2:6 278, 466
1:19 568n28 2:7 1050
1:1 153, 223, 434, 476, 1003, 1010, 1:20 353 2:9 1004
1674 1:21 1750 2:11 1004
1:1–17 404 1:23 1002, 1640 2:13 1004
1:2 586 1:25 1750 2:13–15 413
1:3 153 2:1–2 574 2:15 958
1:11 586 2:2 1003 2:16 1004
1:12 1009 2:3 575 2:16–21 102
1:17 346 2:4 284 2:21 278

2:22 283 6:10a 512 10:15 164, 274, 418, 481, 551, 752,
3:1–2 569 6:10b 512 825, 840, 911, 924, 1402
3:1–5 924 6:16 1130 10:15–20 566
3:1–12 160 6:20 431, 463 10:16 400
3:2 236, 837, 949 7:1–2 916 10:16–17 73, 75
3:3 924 7:6 452, 1749 10:16–18 913, 1090
3:5–12 161 7:12 209 10:16–23 49
3:7 264, 668, 697, 729, 924 7:15 392, 440, 1090 10:16–17 299
3:7–9 924 7:15–21 1103 10:17 84, 401, 1033, 1401, 1655
3:7–10 211, 837 7:16 392 10:17–18 654, 730, 924, 957, 1078,
3:8 837 7:16–18 391 1493, 1507
3:9 597, 1115, 1323 7:20 392 10:17–19 242, 910
3:9–12 73 7:25 690, 696 10:17–25 1309
3:10 264, 949 7:28–29 143 10:18 656
3:10–12 258, 924 7:29 1096 10:18–20 949
3:11 265, 837, 924 7:48–53 102 10:19 932, 945
3:11–12 837 8:1 1163 10:20 1228
3:12 924, 949, 1182, 1219 8:4 225n2 10:21 401, 440, 910, 913, 1168,
1755
3:13–14 924 8:5–10a, 575
10:22 169, 1083, 1168
3:23–38 404 8:8–12 947n110
10:23 67, 146, 299, 401, 466, 654,
4:1 432, 1600 8:10 914 910, 913, 925, 945–946, 1033,
4:5 27, 298, 432, 879 8:10–11 768 1401, 1507
4:8 432, 801 8:10–12 73, 224, 265, 465, 478, 10:24–25 1429
4:8–10 784 490, 1648, 1708 10:26 8
4:11 432, 1018 8:10b 575 10:28 436, 910, 1507, 1582
4:15 1246 8:11 502, 522, 576 10:32 1033
4:17 161, 236, 265, 517, 784, 838, 8:11–12 35, 54, 161, 298, 434, 481, 10:32–39 1655
949, 1004, 1013 517, 523, 915, 924, 1477, 1556, 1561
10:33 439
4:21 145 8:11–12 293
10:34 910
4:24 784 8:11f 142
10:34–35 401
5:3 245, 882 8:12 768, 1721
10:34–39 913, 1163
5:3–10 243 8:12a 915, 1221, 1413
10:35 664
5:3–11 245 8:13 575
10:35–36 910, 1168
5:5–8 245 8:14 457
10:35–37 1755
5:9 209 8:16 784, 1009
10:37 664
5:10 431, 1564, 1654 8:19–22 1163
10:40 239
5:10–12 1176, 1472 8:24–27 695
10:40–42 320
5:11 53, 243, 393, 654 8:26 1655
11:2 911
5:11–12 1177, 1559 8:28 696, 786
11:3 946
5:12 78, 147, 651, 655, 985, 1198, 8:29 784, 1010
11:7 873
1274, 1472, 1654 9:1 1634
11:8 911
5:13 452 9:4 391, 452
11:9–15 160
5:14 340, 934, 1668 9:6 341
11:10 352
5:14–16 1002 9:10–13 498
11:11–12 598n63
5:16 1472, 1684 9:13 146
11:11–13 265
5:21–22 1101, 1260 9:16–17 73, 519
11:12 600
5:21ff 143 9:18 1580
11:13 569
5:22 629 9:34 801
11:14 924
5:27–28 1101 10:1 784, 786, 911
11:15 357, 426
5:29 349, 629 10:1–2 239, 924
11:17a 1446
5:31 552n9, 565 10:2 18, 145, 910, 1677
11:19 498
5:31–32 581 10:4 1677, 1678
11:20–21 1221
5:33 1208 10:5 73
11:20–24 70, 73
5:33–34 1209 10:5–6 151, 315, 400, 911, 1033
11:21 147, 752, 838, 936
5:33–37 1208 10:5–7 145, 584, 924
11:21–22 551, 584
5:35 1209 10:5–17 709
11:21–24 1402
5:39 629, 1083 10:6 70, 566, 576, 654, 910, 1155,
1401, 1556, 1674 11:22 164, 418, 481, 924
6:2 959
10:7 143, 236, 517 11:23 147, 274, 349, 629
6:5 1130
10:8 784, 910, 911, 1009 11:23–24 315, 551, 825, 957
6:9–10 1665
10:10 873 11:24 418, 481, 924
6:10 976
10:14–15 924, 928, 957, 1401 11:25 727

11:27 465 14:30 690, 696 19:28 293, 298, 311, 466, 502–
11:29 623 14:32 690, 696 503, 517, 711, 1168, 1560–1561,
11:30 464, 623 14:58 149, 1176 1648
11:43 426 15:1–3 143 19:28–30 198
11:139 426 15:2 1176 19:28ff 505
12:4 559 15:3ff 1176 19:29 664, 1755
12:6 717, 926, 1163, 1616 15:7–9 566, 930, 1101 20:6 782
12:14 258, 1163 15:8 833 20:17–19 108
12:20 873 15:8–9 1109 20:18 49, 106, 267, 341, 1028,
1295
12:22–24 910 15:10 82
20:18–19 27, 84, 313, 655
12:24 776, 831 15:14 422, 501
20:19 1584
12:24–26 1008 15:15 727
20:25 1096
12:24–27 801 15:17–18 786
21:9 1163
12:24–29 1504 15:19 79
21:9–10 872
12:26 517 15:24 70, 75, 151, 576, 1556, 1674
21:10 1149
12:28 600, 784, 983, 1009 16:4 574, 576, 584, 794, 957, 1119,
1163, 1262 21:11 423
12:28–29 784, 1547
16:13 341 21:12 872, 913–914, 1142, 1418,
12:29 1549, 1554 1635
12:34 146 16:13–17 445
21:12–13 36, 224, 265–266, 305,
12:36–37 1606 16:13–20 476 759, 891, 1106, 1111, 1518
12:38 727 16:16 348, 406, 449, 693 21:12–17 926
12:38–39 574, 576 16:16–18 966 21:13 559, 575, 836–837, 839, 884,
12:39 584, 794, 957, 1119, 1163, 16:17 244 915, 915n67, 1106–1107, 1127, 1211,
1262 16:18 86, 439, 1677 1389, 1418
12:40 108, 959 16:19 349 21:13–17 1453
12:41 315, 1221, 1348, 1402 16:21 27, 74, 223, 284, 883, 1295 21:15 284
12:41–42 74 16:23 435 21:18–22 70, 224, 924
12:43 575, 786 17:1 145, 346 21:20 759
12:43–45 74, 785, 910 17:1–3 872 21:21 575, 681, 759, 1252, 1443,
12:45 611, 1369 17:2 347, 723, 847 1634
12:45b 911, 1125, 1218 17:3 940 21:21–22 760
13:2 149 17:4 941 21:23 305, 1142
13:3 1162 17:5 941 21:23–46 759
13:5–6 1162 17:6 346, 347 21:24–25 924
13:9 144, 147, 357 17:7 347 21:25–27 265
13:11ff 517 17:10–13 74 21:26 160
13:12 457, 1188, 1399 17:12 106 21:28 1561
13:13 422 17:17 74, 146 21:31 527, 1262
13:14 146 17:20 1704 21:32 1262
13:16 244, 245 17:22 106, 346, 518 21:33–39 1431
13:16–17 598n63 17:22–23 108 21:33–41 214, 1274
13:17 308, 423, 522–523, 551, 586, 17:24–26 926 21:33–43 424
1645 17:25 260, 282 21:33–44 49
13:21 654, 1655 17:27 926 21:33–45 36, 293, 860, 1111, 1290
13:24–30 1591 18:3ff 517 21:33–46 211, 525, 924
13:25–30 1593 18:6 1442 21:34–36 204
13:30 1182 18:15–20 441 21:35–36 78
13:31–32 1155, 1597, 1646 18:17 912 21:37 550, 914
13:31–33 1594 18:17–18 1429 21:37–40 303
13:38 1025 18:20 340, 444, 509 21:38–43 1708
13:39 432 18:28 648 21:39 914
13:43 357, 847 18:29 648 21:40 304
13:43ff 144 18:31 648 21:40–45 298
13:45–46 1684 18:33 648 21:41 304, 318, 803, 1411
13:57 145 18:40 1106 21:42 1617
13:58 74 19:2 1163 21:42–44 1196
14:1 283 19:3 566 21:43 35, 434, 465, 467, 481, 490,
14:9 283 19:7 552 517, 576, 861, 916, 947n110, 965,
14:13 1163 1189, 1556, 1648
19:9 581
14:22 1435 21:43–44 304
19:15 586
14:29–31 1190 21:45 266, 304
19:24 527
21:46 145

22:1 1476 23:28–30 742 24:4–5 1394

22:1–2 830 23:29 645 24:4–34 266
22:1–4 1663 23:29–32 1440 24:5 1090
22:1–6 574 23:29–35 1101 24:6 1557
22:1–7 69, 102, 293, 303, 525, 23:29–38 961, 1311 24:6–7 607
566, 575, 1656 23:31 559, 636, 930, 985, 1198, 24:7 150, 624, 671, 1496
22:1–10 20, 860, 861 1311, 1656 24:8 55, 731, 1583
22:1–14 214, 924, 1111, 1453, 1480, 23:31–24:34 924 24:8–9 731, 733
1708 23:31–32 645 24:9 607, 731, 961, 1381
22:2 517, 575 23:31–38 224 24:9–10 87, 242, 1655, 1752
22:2–13 1474, 1475 23:32 649, 652, 771, 925, 955, 24:9–13 946, 1564
22:2–14 1290 1185, 1309, 1398, 1465, 1527, 1743, 24:10 1394
22:3–6 575 1744
24:11 392, 440, 1090, 1394
22:3–9 1452 23:32–24:21 55
24:12 394, 1123
22:4 589 23:32–38 551
24:12–13f, 1394
22:6 153 23:33 1103, 1174, 1440
24:13 169, 1073, 1156, 1648, 1764
22:7 35, 304, 453, 617, 618, 685, 23:34 86, 423, 908, 1101, 1268,
1309, 1440 24:14 472, 1156, 1168
803, 830, 929, 949, 980, 1158,
1230, 1237, 1411, 1476, 1635, 1645, 23:34–35 339, 654, 925, 1265, 24:15 296, 317, 548, 893
1702 1459 24:15–18 1416
22:8 478, 584–585 23:34–36 74, 709 24:16 66, 74, 75, 87, 270, 314,
22:9–10 1673 23:34–37 1090 326n2, 343, 467, 481, 484–485,
524, 547, 624, 668, 686, 697, 706,
22:11–12 1480, 1663 23:34–38 481 729, 887, 958, 1022, 1037–1038,
22:11–14 573 23:34–36 299 1156, 1183, 1241, 1263, 1452, 1475,
22:12 153, 589 23:35 237, 271, 634, 636, 637, 645, 1532, 1564, 1655
22:13 768, 915, 1663 754, 1185, 1440, 1465 24:16–19 280
22:14 575, 705, 1561 23:35–24:22 153 24:17 1394
22:17–21 639, 1133 23:35–36 147, 271, 981 24:19 1002
22:18 1764 23:36 645, 1311, 1398 24:21 296, 317, 458, 548, 729, 731,
22:21 1100 23:36–24:2 48 856, 1176, 1241, 1648
22:23–24 266 23:36–38 1556 24:22 436, 1063, 1073, 1495
22:29 143 23:37 150–151, 163, 257, 308, 424, 24:23–26 1394
22:30 1621 517, 551, 566, 574, 576, 586, 636, 24:24 997, 1090
652, 949, 957, 985, 1022, 1148, 24:27 1226
22:41 266 1168, 1198, 1222, 1253, 1274, 1403,
22:42–45 476 1684 24:28 20, 769–770, 857
22:43–45 504 23:37–24:2 68, 205 24:29 607, 667, 668, 671, 674, 768,
22:44 115, 453 1532
23:37–38 65, 70, 214, 465, 478,
23 37n52 525, 752, 837 24:29–30 589, 1485
23:1–34 161 23:38 559, 893, 911, 915, 1022, 24:29–31 861
23:1–38 401 1107, 1156, 1307, 1355, 1403, 1437, 24:30 20, 70, 152, 224, 237, 295,
1666 296n23, 315–316, 316n40, 319,
23:2 266, 645, 1140, 1168 341, 343, 466, 482, 485, 524, 534,
23:4 464, 1140 23:38–24:2 35, 150, 572, 1532
952, 975, 1183, 1483, 1487, 1744
23:5 1130, 1140 24 37n52, 107
24:30–31 1180, 1182
23:6 1102 24–25 839
24:30b 1401
23:7–10 1102 24:1 70, 278, 317, 856, 1104, 1107,
1666 24:31 334, 722, 1183, 1641
23:13 1121 24:32 47, 235
24:1–2 28
23:13–21 1102 24:32–34 677
24:1–3 504, 1438
23:13ff 477 24:34 74–75, 150, 153, 237, 266,
24:1–34 102, 1561
23:15 426, 1103, 1174 270, 318, 343, 466, 467, 481, 485,
24:1–3 315 548, 592, 643, 668, 686, 729, 770,
23:16 422, 834, 836
24:2 35, 87, 149, 296, 314, 317, 860, 949, 1022, 1183, 1241, 1485,
23:16–17 501, 1298 326n2, 343, 481, 485, 489–490, 1532, 1564, 1655
23:16–22 1208 524, 548, 624, 643, 668, 686, 697, 24:34a 1401
23:17 422 729, 770, 887, 893, 899, 1022,
1123, 1134, 1156, 1168, 1173, 1180, 24:36 1178
23:19 422, 501
1182–1183, 1241, 1263, 1307, 1564, 24:36ff 150n111
23:21 558
1626, 1634, 1641, 1648, 1655 24:43–44 472
23:21b 571
24:2–3 466, 467, 722 24:45 1585
23:24 422, 501
24:2–34 1111, 1495 24:46 245
23:25 1102, 1199
24:3 235, 548 24:49 648
23:25–24:34 6, 839
24:3–30 150 25:1–13 1453
23:26 422, 472, 501
24:3–34 36 25:1–14 1476
23:27 832
24:4 1392 25:3–8 939
23:27–28 470, 1102

25:12 20 27:11–15 84 1:5 1149
25:13 470, 701 27:11–25 313, 655 1:15 54, 143, 249, 598n63, 600,
25:19 1476 27:12 1213 983, 1221, 1431
25:20–23 1607 27:12–14 655 1:19 1435
25:29 457 27:15–21 74 1:23–27 786
25:31 1182 27:17–24 576 1:24 475
25:31–46 198 27:17–26 1316 1:27 784
25:34 1324 27:18 581 1:31 347
25:35 499 27:19 581 1:34 1009
25:37–39 235 27:20 267, 1289 1:40–45 926
25:40 325 27:20–25 286 2:10 248
25:41 426, 467, 801, 1008, 1009, 27:21–26 86 2:10ff 1096
1065, 1219, 1600 27:22 48 2:18–20 597, 1476
25:43 957 27:22–23 655 2:19 570
26:1 271 27:22–26 1289 2:19–22 1477
26:1–4 150 27:23a 581 2:20 573
26:2 106 27:24 313, 517, 581 2:21–22 49, 573
26:3 1090, 1125, 1276 27:24–25 211 2:26 1107
26:3–4 1211, 1306 27:25 48, 74, 204, 210, 298, 3:9 1435
26:4 500 306–307, 525, 576, 754, 986, 1290, 3:11 786
26:14 712 1401, 1459, 1744 3:14 292
26:14–15 286 27:29 518, 873, 1584 3:16 164, 292
26:18 47 27:30 873 3:17 15, 20, 145
26:29 502 27:31 1584 3:29 786
26:31 440 27:37 518 3:30 248
26:34 600 27:40 149, 717, 836, 882, 925, 929, 4:9 144, 357, 426
26:38–39 436 959, 1104, 1106, 1111, 1756 4:15 432
26:45 106, 258 27:40b 450 4:16–17 1176
26:47 712, 1678, 1702 27:42 589 4:22 1606
26:51 1429 27:42ff 1584 4:23 357, 426
26:52 1086 27:43 450 4:26–29 54, 1646
26:53 693, 1018 27:45 1629 4:37 691
26:54–56 930 27:50–53 1625 4:40 1655
26:55 1702 27:51 68, 862, 966, 989, 1617, 5:2 786
1635, 1686
26:56 1004 5:8 786
27:53 27, 298, 879, 1360
26:57 1295 5:12–15 786
27:54 75, 1686
26:57–68 286 5:25–34 926
27:59–60 1290
26:58 1295, 1429 5:37ff 145
27:62–66 286
26:59 84, 267, 284, 424, 1211, 6:7 925, 944
1488 27:63 959, 1024
6:8 873
26:59–60 258, 1024, 1464, 1650 27:66 1554
6:8–12 146
26:59–61 929 28:1–4 967
6:11a 609
26:60 581, 1031, 1165, 1368, 1400 28:2 966
6:13 1009
26:61 717, 882, 959, 1756 28:3 723
6:14 283, 288n16
26:63 348, 449, 450, 1209 28:13 1489
6:39 629
26:63–64 74–75, 466 28:15 50
7:1–13 832
26:63–66 766 28:16 712
7:3–4 248
26:64 67, 70, 161, 233, 266, 295, 28:16–20 148
7:15 926
316, 346, 524, 534, 543, 589, 952, 28:18 54, 261, 465, 509, 589, 977,
979n11, 1022 7:19 248
963, 979, 1180, 1648, 1744
28:18–20 49, 86, 976, 1708 7:22 79
26:64–65 1050
28:19 108, 881n13, 1556, 1592 7:52 309
26:64–66 1209
28:19–20 145, 1155 8:18 422
26:65 1299, 1635
28:20 509 8:31 523, 883, 959, 1558
26:66 313, 424
28:20b 444 8:36 1570
26:67–68 266
8:38 445, 574, 576, 1163, 1262
26:69 286, 1295
9:1 68, 70, 401, 504, 600, 975,
27:1 84, 313, 1111
27:1–2 286, 655, 1213
Mark 979, 983, 1027, 1262, 1547, 1552,
1556, 1648, 1686, 1742, 1744
27:5 1678 9:2 145
27:7 500 1:1 223, 449, 609 9:5 727
27:8 50 1:2 352 9:20–25 786
27:11 518, 1678 1:3 609 9:27 347

9:31 309, 959 14:43 1702 2:27 1118

9:42 1442 14:48 1702 2:32 1689
9:43 1219 14:55–56 1192 2:34 857, 963
10:4 552 14:55–57 1104 2:35 346
10:6 655 14:56 1650 2:36 311
10:23 655 14:56–57 258 2:37 731
10:29–30 325–326 14:58 305, 717, 747, 836, 882, 909, 2:38 236
10:30 655 959, 1102, 1104, 1110–1111, 1120, 2:46–49 1118
10:32–34 883 1215 3:17 1702
10:33 313, 655 14:58–59 929 3:35 149
10:34 959 14:58–64 1131 4:1 82
10:35 143 14:60 1102 4:2 432, 1600
10:38 1491 14:61–62 445 4:5 975
11:1–13:37 576 14:62 295, 296, 298, 316, 952 4:5–7 1010
11:10 476 14:63 1299 4:6 1591
11:12–14 677 14:64 271, 313, 424 4:9 1296
11:14 727 14:71 1709 4:14 469
11:15 305n29, 1296 14:343 523 4:15–16 355
11:15–18 677 15:1 263, 313, 500, 655 4:16 246
11:17 146 15:1–15 79 4:16–18 1151
11:20 677 15:2–4 1131 4:16–21 263, 1751
11:23 681 15:10 1076 4:17 543
11:27 309, 1360 15:14 1380 4:18 82, 420
11:27–33 1096 15:19 873 4:20–22 1151
12:1 146 15:29 882, 959, 1102 4:25 939
12:1–9 1125 15:29–30 305, 678 4:28–29 653
12:8 914 15:37–38 305 4:29 911
12:9 914, 1125 15:38 678, 1616 5:2 1435
12:22 926 16:5 723 5:5 391
12:35–37 476 16:11 108 5:8 346
12:36 115 16:17 784 5:19 1371
13 70, 270, 1165 16:18 948, 962n125 5:21–25 1371
13:1–3 904 16:19 505 5:30 1141
13:2 624, 879, 882 16:66–72 1004 6:18 784
13:3 143, 145, 148, 153, 608, 928 6:20–21 430
13:5a 610 Luke 6:20–22 244–245
13:5–8a 608–609 6:22 916, 957, 1121, 1273, 1755
13:7 233, 619 6:23 1274, 1573
13:7–9 607 1:1–4 221 6:23–24 245
13:8 624 1:19 520, 583, 738 6:46–49 1039
13:8b 608–609 1:26 583, 738 7:14 391
13:9–13 608–609, 730, 946 1:26–38 353 7:16 145, 257
13:11 949, 1228 1:31 1002, 1750 7:21 786
13:12 654 1:32 476 7:24 352, 873
13:13 392, 1176 1:35 469 7:27 352
13:14 608, 624, 683 1:42 245 8:8 144, 357, 426
13:19 548 1:48 245 8:12 432
13:24–25 607, 608 1:70–79 1674 8:27–30 786
13:24–27 308 1:73 73 8:31 1546, 1549
13:25 608 1:74 730 9:3 873
13:26 224, 295, 316, 548, 608– 1:78 692, 1225 9:5 928
609, 952 1:78–79 1689 9:21–22 838
13:27 142 2:1 486–487, 853 9:22 27, 49, 883
13:28 608 2:4 487 9:31 838, 883
13:29–30 609 2:7 258, 1004 9:42 786
13:30 548 2:8–20 353 9:51–53 1600
14:12 589 2:9 236 9:52 352
14:13 391 2:12 1125 9:53 883
14:15 225n2 2:13 602 9:54 15, 20, 145, 928
14:25 597, 1476 2:16 1004 9:62 1162
14:33 145 2:21 1750 10:1 925, 944

10:11 928 14:27 391 21:12 319
10:12 1261 14:31–32 1067 21:12–13 882, 1371
10:13 936 14:32 1577 21:12–15 1118
10:16 239 14:33 654, 1142 21:12–16 946
10:17 784 14:35 357, 426, 696 21:12–25 1033
10:17–18 801, 1551 15:2 498, 1141 21:16 882
10:17–20 1027 15:7 498 21:17 319, 392
10:18 776, 784, 1020 15:23 589 21:18–19 1231
10:18–19 776 15:27 589 21:19 608
10:19 785, 948 15:30 589 21:20 147, 881, 893, 1040, 1285,
10:20 474 16:11 475 1356, 1372, 1392, 1599
10:27 209 16:13–14 839 21:20–21 698, 1015, 1457
11:18 1009 16:15 452, 832, 895 21:20–23 1528
11:21–22 1548 16:16 940, 941 21:20–24 70, 339, 624, 644, 838,
11:22 17, 427 16:23 1075 890
11:24 786 16:26 1704 21:21 884, 1040, 1231, 1392
11:28 246 16:29 942 21:22 82, 147, 608, 1362
11:32 1261 16:31 930, 942 21:22–24 1465
11:49 957 17:7 1497 21:23 278, 314, 548, 608
11:50 151, 1274 17:11 883 21:23–24 774, 1405
11:50–51 1459 17:20–21 600 21:23b–24 1496
11:51 559, 742 17:20–21 293, 326 21:24 28, 69, 237, 270–271, 314,
317, 452–453, 548, 646, 881,
12:2 8, 222 17:21 517 881n13, 890, 1372, 1374, 1392
12:3–7 1371 17:28–32 958 21:24a 1496
12:9 439 17:29 825, 1128 21:24b 881
12:12 949 17:30 333 21:24ff 150
12:19 499 17:31 333 21:25 1496
12:21 432 17:37 769–770 21:25–26 607
12:32 104, 1155, 1753 18:7 654 21:25–27 296
12:35–40 148 18:7–8 579, 638, 1198 21:27 224, 295, 316, 952
12:37–38 245 18:7–8a 589 21:32 548
12:39 1230 18:8 229, 234–235, 636, 654 21:34 236, 333
12:42 1585 18:11–13 498 21:35 151, 278, 644
12:48 499, 1043, 1188, 1399, 1402 18:31 883 22:2–4 1030
12:49 303, 742, 746, 949, 1207, 18:32 313, 655 22:3 1008
1373 19:4–44 957 22:3–5 972
12:50 746, 1491 19:7 1141 22:7 589
12:51–53 1395 19:11 1554 22:12 225n2
13:1–5 1222 19:28 883 22:14–20 1477
13:3–5 803 19:40 1135 22:16 692
13:4a 838 19:41–44 35, 70, 169, 312, 1117, 22:20 204, 497, 595, 597, 1561,
13:6–7 677 1230, 1389, 1528 1642, 1650
13:6–9 838 19:42–44 146 22:29 502
13:22 883 19:43 472, 1372, 1599 22:29–30 978
13:22–31 838 19:43–44 943, 988 22:30 311, 517, 784, 1561
13:28–29 1676 19:44 147, 149, 308, 1222, 1252, 22:31–32 1018, 1020
13:29 502 1431
22:33 1371, 1372
13:32 883 19:45 1126
22:33–34 440
13:32–33 27 19:45–47 1418
22:52 1702
13:33 883, 955, 1274 19:47 1389
22:53 1010
13:33–35 1366 20:41–44 476
22:66 284
13:34 883 20:42–43 115
23 312
13:34–35 838 21 146–147, 224, 270
23:1–2 655
13:35 883 21:5–6 271, 278, 314, 835, 881
23:2 433, 1131, 1290
14:3 727 21:5–7 28, 881, 904
23:10 1290
14:12 108 21:6 149, 548, 624, 835, 890
23:13 286
14:14 245 21:6–24 70
23:13–25 1316
14:15 245 21:9 233
23:22–23 313, 424
14:15–24 1475 21:9–12 607
23:27–30 791
14:24 1577 21:9–36 270
23:27–31 70, 75
14:26 1755 21:11 624, 838, 997
23:28 27, 30n45

23:28–29 1405, 1413 1:22 239 3:8 597

23:28–30 973 1:23 133, 569 3:9 29
23:28–31 163, 312, 589, 988 1:23–27 569 3:10 143, 463, 574
23:29 684 1:24 239 3:11 16, 257
23:30 683 1:25 257, 406 3:12 545
23:31 1702 1:29 16, 597, 1692, 1707 3:14–18 445
23:34 1291 1:32 255, 258, 924 3:15 1167
23:35 286 1:32–33 82 3:16 20, 450, 1167
23:43 428 1:33 255, 1700 3:16–17 598, 1650
24:18–20 27 1:34 450, 924 3:17 450, 1155, 1592, 1618, 1692
24:18–22 108 1:35 14n24 3:17–19 16
24:20 211, 307, 313, 424, 655 1:36 406 3:18 450
24:21 548, 646, 1633 1:37 408–409 3:19–20 1002
24:25–27 423, 548, 930, 942 1:37–39 406 3:19–21 17
24:26 1011, 1558 1:38 300, 409 3:22 278
24:27ff 143 1:40 300 3:25 1034, 1237
24:33 712 1:41 406, 420 3:28 201, 258, 406
24:39 1544 1:42 164 3:28–29 569
24:40 225n2 1:45 423 3:29 1451
24:44 942, 1558 1:48 455 3:32–34 257
24:44–48 941 1:49 275, 407, 450 3:36 20, 450, 1167, 1319
24:46 1343 1:49–51 445 4:7–15 574
24:47 66, 108, 908, 946, 973 1:51 450, 1617 4:10 16, 1651
24:47–52 49 2:1 573 4:10–11 1700, 1753
24:50–51 1666 2:1–3 1480 4:10–15 110
24:53 50 2:1–10 570, 1452 4:13–14 1652
2:1–11 573 4:14 733n22, 1700, 1707, 1753
2:4 573 4:16–26 574
John 2:5–6 777 4:19 145
2:6 1480 4:20–24 340
1:1 15, 1491 2:7ff 570 4:21 16, 49, 65, 71, 238, 467, 490,
1:1–2 16 2:9 29 596, 881n13, 985, 1629, 1649,
1:1–3 450 2:11 924 1686
1:1–11 574 2:13 47, 235 4:21–23 35, 574, 1115
1:2 429 2:13–17 1106, 1118, 1453, 1518 4:21–24 1641
1:3 322 2:13–22 899 4:22 706, 1674
1:3–4 493 2:14–17 926 4:23 68, 893, 1629
1:4 1319, 1645 2:14–19 574 4:25 406
1:4–5 17, 1002 2:15 909, 913 4:25–26 406
1:5 1668 2:15b 1107 4:29 406, 420, 1145
1:6 239, 1145 2:16 1390 4:34 239
1:7 258, 911 2:16–17 559 4:35 1181
1:7–8 340, 924 2:17 108, 133 4:48 997, 1237
1:7–9 17 2:18 225, 727 5:7 727
1:7–11 925 2:19 149, 305, 574, 879, 882, 913, 5:10 353
1:9 17, 1645 924, 1107, 1110, 1165, 1196 5:15–16 353
1:9–11 1002 2:19–20 959 5:17–18 488
1:10 493 2:19–21 849, 926, 1110 5:18 306, 388, 407, 450, 653
1:11 82, 151, 308, 424, 463, 517, 2:19–22 187 5:20 225
550–551, 566, 574, 586, 832, 978, 2:20 559 5:20–29 6
995, 1044, 1117, 1158, 1168, 1222, 2:23 409 5:22 583, 592, 847
1253 2:23–25 409, 1125, 1759 5:22–23 585
1:12 597 2:25 391, 452 5:23–24 467
1:14 340, 1491 3:1 242, 353, 1137 5:24 458, 1580, 1647
1:15 258, 924 3:1–2 1319 5:24–25 892
1:15–37 924 3:1–21 574 5:24–29 1615
1:16 978 3:3 293, 326, 422, 443, 527, 597 5:25 450, 1580
1:17 223 3:5 293, 1700 5:25–29 1574, 1608
1:19–2:11 571 3:5–7 110 5:27 583, 1441
1:19–28 353 3:6 291 5:27–28 445
1:20 406, 420 3:7 597 5:27–29 1319
1:21 257, 423

5:28–29 892 7:20 910 8:56–57 1115
5:31–32 1464 7:26 286 8:58 409, 429, 1107
5:31–36 16n29 7:26–27 406, 407, 420 8:59 409, 653, 961, 1088, 1107
5:32–33 258 7:28 724 9:1–7 912
5:33–40 1002 7:30 952 9:5 1645
5:35 934 7:31 406, 420 9:13–17 402
5:36 465 7:31–33 1759 9:15 1668
5:36–38 239 7:33 1569 9:16 997
5:39 143, 463, 930, 943, 946, 1176 7:37 725, 1652 9:17 145
5:45 1029 7:38 725, 1651, 1700, 1753 9:22 406, 477, 482, 490, 1121,
5:45–47 930, 943 7:38–39 1652 1137, 1755
6:1–14 733n22 7:40 257, 423, 1759 9:32 1579
6:2 409, 1163 7:41 406 9:34–35 402, 477, 490, 912, 919,
6:4 235, 353 7:42 137, 406, 476 1137
6:14 145, 423, 1237 7:50 1319 9:34c–35a, 1121
6:14–15 409 8:2 583 9:39 20, 422, 443
6:15 407, 420, 548, 646, 1633 8:3–5 568, 1097 9:39–40 1668
6:18 690, 696 8:3–6 583 9:41 498
6:19ff 1435 8:6 321 10:1–8 466
6:25 235 8:7 568, 584 10:4–5 1163
6:26 409 8:7–11 574 10:7–8 1719
6:27 16 8:12 1645, 1668 10:8 839, 1163
6:29 239 8:13 1088 10:10 1706, 1719
6:29–30 465 8:13–14 1464 10:11 733, 1081, 1706
6:30 1237 8:14 16n29 10:14 1706
6:31 133, 422 8:16 17 10:19–20 466
6:31–35 110, 443 8:16–18 925 10:20 334, 910
6:33 422, 850 8:18 16n29 10:24 235, 406, 407
6:35 733n22, 1652 8:20 1028 10:26–29 1696
6:36 443 8:24 321 10:27 1163
6:37 915 8:28 321, 1028 10:28–29 439, 490
6:38–44 467 8:30–31 409 10:29–32 488
6:39 1574–1575, 1633 8:31 1658 10:30 1050
6:40 1167 8:31–36 187 10:31 258, 961
6:41–42 409 8:32 1658 10:31–32 450
6:44 239, 1574–1575, 1633, 1696 8:33a 1140 10:32 225
6:47 443, 1167, 1647 8:35 1429 10:33 388, 407, 418, 1050, 1209
6:47–62 443 8:37 407, 409, 653, 1088 10:34 133
6:49 442 8:38 409 10:35 137
6:49–50 422 8:39 73, 597, 918, 1324 10:36 450, 1209
6:50 1647 8:39–40 434 10:38 465
6:50–51 892 8:39–44 527 11:1–2 918
6:51 1647 8:39b 73 11:4 450, 458
6:51–58 110 8:40 224, 407, 1088 11:8 306, 961
6:54 1574–1575, 1633 8:41 832 11:11–14 110, 187
6:58 409, 1647 8:44 17, 85, 213, 329, 408, 420, 11:18 1126
6:60 409 434, 463, 574, 639, 784, 801, 911, 11:24 1574–1575, 1633
6:61 412 1005, 1013, 1023–1024, 1028, 11:25 1579
1030, 1088, 1103, 1134, 1175, 1211, 11:26 1647, 1718
6:63 348 1227, 1396, 1455, 1488, 1650, 1656,
6:63a 469 11:27 406, 449, 450
1658, 1736
6:66 409, 1752, 1759 11:42 1178
8:46 1030
6:67 712 11:47 450
8:48 409, 1107
6:68 348 11:47–48 1090
8:48–52 910
6:70 712, 1678 11:48 286, 455, 589, 893, 926, 977,
8:49 585 1123, 1126, 1211, 1227, 1413, 1418
6:71 712 8:49–52 409 11:48–53 1229
7:1 306, 407, 653 8:51 458, 1647 11:50 1227
7:2 235, 353, 724–725 8:51–52 479 11:51 344
7:13 353, 653, 916, 1319 8:52 258 11:51–52 722, 1081, 1090
7:14 724 8:53 597, 1324 11:53 293, 1136
7:18 16 8:55 1455, 1650 11:55 83, 235
7:19–20 910 8:56 522, 523, 1645 11:55–57 1360

11:57 1136, 1295 15:4–5 1399 18:39 275

12:1 1319 15:6 1025 18:40 915n67
12:9 353, 1319 15:8 319 19:4 471, 1464
12:9–11 1283 15:12 393 19:4–5 767
12:11 1137 15:13 291 19:5 1090
12:13 275, 407 15:15 224, 1429 19:6 286, 471, 767, 832, 1080
12:15 407 15:17 393 19:6–7 655, 911
12:17 201, 1319 15:18 1083, 1399 19:7 388, 407, 418, 450, 488, 1097
12:24 1011 15:20 319, 407, 479, 499, 546, 19:8 321
12:27 436, 484 649, 654, 1003, 1309, 1429 19:10–11 1097
12:27–33 1011 15:20–21 1399 19:11 306
12:28–29 854 15:20b 982 19:11–12 911
12:30 1178 15:21 392 19:12 86, 257, 258–259, 275, 283,
12:31 449, 784, 801, 854, 1006, 16:1–2 412 298, 407, 424, 655, 767, 995, 1080,
1013, 1023, 1028, 1039, 1549, 1551 16:2 86, 242, 407, 477, 482, 654, 1090, 1209, 1211, 1213, 1227, 1290,
12:31–32 589, 911, 1027, 1155, 709, 912, 957, 1116, 1121, 1136–1137, 1316, 1353
1547, 1592, 1618 1268, 1380, 1724 19:12–15 48, 710
12:31–33 1551 16:2–3 401, 407 19:13 1235
12:31b 784 16:2a 1755 19:15 30n45, 204, 259, 283–284,
12:32 1551 16:3 158 286, 298, 307, 313, 407, 424, 517,
16:5 1464 518, 548, 586, 639, 655, 832, 911,
12:32–33 1028 995, 1080, 1131, 1139, 1158, 1209,
12:33 240 16:7 16 1211, 1213, 1218, 1227, 1273, 1282,
12:34 406, 420, 1558 16:11 801, 1006, 1013 1290, 1316, 1353
12:35 1569 16:13 255, 427 19:15b 1213, 1286
12:35–36 17 16:16 108 19:19 275
12:36 1668 16:17–19 1004 19:20 1185
12:36–38 1044 16:20 1004 19:21 284
12:37–41 574 16:21 321 19:24 133, 137
12:38 8 16:32 440 19:28 1651
12:40 422, 443, 1668 16:33 253, 427, 853, 909 19:30 1235, 1650, 1651
12:42 1121, 1137, 1755 17:3 223, 407 19:32–37 297, 310
12:42–43 912 17:5 429 19:34 1651
12:46 1645 17:6 479 19:35 17, 258, 1464
12:48 1633 17:11 319 19:36 133
12:49 224 17:15 1013 19:37 296n22, 307, 984
13:2 589, 1009, 1013, 1021, 1032, 17:16 1002 19:38 916, 1058
1039, 1134, 1291, 1338, 1600 17:18 467 19:39 429, 1137, 1319
13:2–3 1005 17:21 1399 19:40 353
13:8 1579 17:22 1666 20:1 331, 1343
13:10 1630 17:23 1399 20:8–9 108
13:16 1429 17:24 429 20:9 137, 1343
13:17 245, 248 17:25 16 20:12 723, 1058
13:18 137 17:26 1399 20:16 16, 300
13:20 239, 1399 18:3 1136 20:17 325
13:27 589, 1009, 1013, 1032, 1039, 18:4 321 20:18 353
1291, 1338, 1600 18:6 346 20:19 331, 916, 1004, 1693
13:32 1692 18:12–14 1136 20:20 225, 225n2, 304, 1693
13:34 595 18:12–28 1295 20:21 253, 467, 1693
13:34–35 393 18:14 306, 500, 1081 20:22 256
14:1 1647 18:20 1119 20:24 712
14:2 559 18:26 1429 20:25 304
14:6 1617 18:28 1302 20:27 304
14:7 1724 18:28–19:15 79 20:29 245
14:11 465 18:28–31 84, 259, 313, 655 20:30–31 405–407
14:17–18 256 18:29–31 655 20:31 406, 407–408, 418, 449,
14:20 1399 18:31 438, 1097 450
14:23–34 479 18:32 16, 240 20:31b 425
14:26 255 18:33 518 21:6a 1651
14:27 253, 1647 18:33–37 110, 187 21:16 466, 1497
14:30 801, 1013, 1031 18:36 326 21:18 595
15:1 17 18:37 16, 16n29, 257, 293 21:19 16, 240
15:3 321, 1464 18:38 471 21:24 258, 925, 1464

21:25 243 2:32–33 496 4:37 1438
2:32–33a, 505 5:2 1438
2:33 1012 5:6 525
Acts 2:33–34 543, 668 5:12 525, 657, 997
2:34–35 453 5:16–17 786
1–2 714 2:35 115 5:17 662, 1079
1:3 354–355 2:36 49, 75, 306, 309, 313, 424, 5:17–18 767, 1041, 1122
1:4 49, 68, 102, 908, 1394, 1674 525, 551, 1230 5:17–19 436, 1077
1:6 865 2:36–38 1023 5:17–21 656
1:7 1178 2:37 697 5:20 33, 102
1:8 68, 108, 148, 469, 577, 706, 2:38 223 5:20–21 68
714, 881n13, 908, 926, 927, 1155, 2:40 266, 668, 697, 1230, 1533, 5:21 239
1394, 1674 1688 5:21ff 50
1:9 484, 1666 2:44–45 668 5:24 1092
1:9–11 302 2:45 1015, 1438, 1533 5:25 436
1:9–11 300 2:46 33, 50, 102, 900 5:26 1092
1:10 723 3:1 33, 656 5:27–28 767
1:12 68, 668 3:1ff 50 5:27ff 1090
1:15 473 3:11 1119 5:28 307, 313, 424, 525, 754, 986,
1:26 712 3:12–14 271 1077, 1123
2 280 3:13 306, 313, 424, 1316, 1674 5:29 946
2:1 1674 3:13–14 309, 1291 5:29–30 949
2:1–9 83 3:13–15 84, 424, 949 5:30 309, 424, 525, 986
2:1ff 50, 900 3:13–15a, 525, 986, 995 5:30–31 496
2:5 668, 960, 1281 3:13–15 307 5:31 543
2:8–10 1363 3:14–15 832 5:33 1041, 1122
2:8–11 1281 3:20–22 145, 257 5:34 409
2:9 84, 1150 3:22 152, 423 5:34–39 714, 1670
2:9–11a, 960 3:24 423 5:38–39 966
2:10 960, 1353 3:26 1164 5:40 401, 658, 1122, 1295
2:11b 960 4–5 656 5:40–41 1041
2:12–13 401, 658 4:1 1122, 1295 5:41 946
2:13 656, 930 4:1–2 1077 5:42 68
2:14 668, 712, 1674 4:1–3 84, 401, 657, 658, 1041 5:177ff 51
2:14–40 169 4:3b 1122 6:2 712
2:14ff 1394 4:5 286, 657 6:3 1585
2:16 333 4:5–6 287, 289, 1122 6:5 657, 1111n22
2:16–17 333, 857 4:6 1295 6:6 347
2:16–20 1230 4:6–7 767 6:7 49, 102, 908
2:16–21 1438, 1532, 1666 4:8 285, 286, 287 6:7–8 926
2:16–36 942, 1483 4:10 75, 211, 223, 313, 424, 525, 6:8 1111n22
2:17 821, 1642 995 6:8–8:1 657
2:17–36 266 4:10–12 1674 6:9 59, 84, 656, 926, 1122, 1150,
2:19 949 4:13 145, 274, 1159 1363
2:19–20 929, 960, 1023, 1219, 4:15 284 6:9–12 1041
1229, 1688 4:19 145, 274 6:10–15 658
2:19–20a, 676 4:20 148 6:11 655, 1121
2:19–26 942 4:21 284, 287, 401, 658, 1122 6:11–13 1137
2:20 333, 668, 674, 729 4:23 289, 657 6:11–14 1756
2:20–21 333 4:23–31 1159 6:12 305, 926, 1363
2:21 668 4:24 287, 1213 6:12–7:1 271, 1122
2:21–22 1023 4:25–26 420, 657, 984 6:13 717, 836, 909, 1104, 1115,
2:22 997 4:26 260, 282, 289 1134, 1165, 1192, 1215, 1368, 1400,
2:22–23 75, 84, 211, 271, 424, 525, 4:26–27 274 1488
658, 668, 949, 986, 995 4:27 290, 308, 424, 1159, 1213, 6:13–14 305, 925, 927, 929, 1102,
2:23 307–309, 551, 1291, 1316 1281, 1353, 1371 1111
2:24 348, 857 4:27–28 1361 6:13–16 344
2:25 346 4:29 288, 1041 6:13a 1464
2:30–31 1012 4:29a 289 6:13b 1119
2:30–36 476 4:32 1015 6:13ff 1120
2:31 349, 629 4:33 1438 6:14 149, 464, 882, 893, 931
2:32 960 4:34 668, 1438 6:15 305, 926, 1111n22

7 306 8:9–24 1090 13:6 392

7:1 305, 926, 1111, 1363 8:12 223, 600 13:6–8 1123
7:1–2 767, 1076 8:14 239 13:6–11 1090
7:2 73, 204 8:28 1427 13:8 525
7:2–3 1114 8:37 449 13:9 164, 399
7:2–5 1115 8:39 1284 13:14 496
7:2–53 636, 657, 927, 942 9:1 658, 767, 1295, 1656 13:14–15 246, 1077
7:7 1115 9:1–2 263, 367, 477, 634, 730, 13:15–16 355
7:9 204 1076, 1090, 1306, 1363, 1368, 13:19 276
7:9–16 1114 1382 13:21 311
7:12 1111 9:1–6 982 13:24 837
7:13 1120 9:1ff 927 13:27 285, 930
7:15 1111 9:2 909, 957 13:27–29 84, 211, 313, 424, 525
7:17 1114 9:3–9 658 13:27–28 308
7:24 828 9:4–5 656 13:28 309, 471
7:27–29 204 9:5 319, 982 13:28–29 658
7:30–34 336 9:13 909 13:33 288, 1011
7:33 452 9:14 658, 860, 1442 13:34 476
7:37 145, 152, 225n2, 276, 423 9:20 33, 496, 1077 13:43 496
7:39–40 1121 9:20a 836 13:43–50 1168
7:39–41 1118 9:21 408, 656, 909, 1368 13:44–45 402
7:39–43 81 9:22 402 13:45 402, 431, 432, 519, 662,
7:41 1118, 1121 9:23 402, 500 1079
7:42–43 1113 9:24 1029 13:45–50 1029
7:44 1114 9:29 402 13:46 517, 566, 862, 1029, 1222,
7:44–45 1115 9:34 223 1663, 1684
7:44–47 1116 10–11 280 13:46–47 659, 1002
7:44a 1113 10:9–17 900 13:46–48 577
7:44b 1113 10:10 330 13:47 347
7:46–52 1115 10:28–29 108 13:50 84, 431, 432, 433, 477, 659,
10:30 1700 662, 911, 916, 957
7:47 559
10:34–35 706 13:51 928
7:47–48 1115
10:38 469 14:1 33, 434, 496, 1077
7:47–49 717, 927
10:39 278, 307, 309, 424, 525, 14:1–2 402, 1168
7:48 747, 893, 1110–1118, 1169,
1176, 1685 658, 706, 949, 986 14:1–5 84
7:48–50 930, 1113, 1756 10:45–47 706 14:1–6 916
7:49 559 10:48 223 14:2 433, 519, 661, 1029, 1032
7:49–41 1115 11:1–2 108 14:2–7 431
7:51 1112, 1199, 1684 11:1–3 55, 861 14:5 433, 659
7:51–52 204, 1310 11:1–18 706 14:15 348, 539, 693
7:51–53 930, 1119, 1176, 11:2ff 50 14:16 1555, 1556
1527–1528 11:3 1199 14:19 79, 84, 402, 433, 659, 1029,
7:52 78, 204, 257, 271, 307, 313, 11:5 330 1281
424, 525, 652, 658, 885, 985–986, 11:17 223 14:22 326
1120, 1198, 1274, 1656 11:19 401, 409, 1137 14:23 520
7:52a 1465 11:28 643, 1332 14:27 79, 371, 478
7:53 922, 1119 12:1–2 51, 928 15 268, 425
7:54 717, 930 12:1–3 659, 1076, 1283 15:1 55, 464
7:54–60 656, 657, 767 12:2 402, 438 15:1–2 973
7:55 543, 1111n22 12:3 928, 961 15:1–3 861
7:57 1443 12:3–4 401 15:1–16:4 69
7:58 477, 658, 911, 916 12:3–5 1077 15:2 68, 520, 1014, 1669, 1674
7:58–8:1 658 12:3–6 436 15:2–4 908, 976
7:58–59 401, 658 12:7 229, 234 15:5 832
7:58–60 1295 12:11 525 15:7–10 299
7:59 1076 12:12 14 15:7–21 299
8:1 50, 66, 84, 102, 409, 658, 664, 12:22 1050 15:10 391, 623, 1140
908, 909, 927, 973, 976, 1014, 12:22–23 537 15:10–11 49
1122, 1137, 1669, 1674 15:12–17 861
12:25 14
8:1–3 1043 15:15 354
13:2 944
8:3 319, 367, 436, 477, 1007, 1371 15:16 476
13:3 347
8:9 1123 15:16–17 722
13:5 434, 496, 900, 1077

15:19 299, 566 18:12–14 669 21:27 38, 402, 433, 592, 659, 1077,
15:19–21 707 18:12–15 431 1150
15:21 246, 355 18:12–17 79 21:27–29 717
15:23 326, 354, 389 18:19 271, 496, 1150 21:27–30 85, 891
15:23–29 389 18:19–20:38 366, 396 21:27–31 861, 1641
15:27 354, 389 18:19–28 366 21:28 38, 836, 909, 928, 1102,
15:28 464 18:19ff 364 1104, 1120, 1137, 1215, 1515
15:30 354, 389 18:26 33, 169, 271, 402, 496, 1077 21:31 402, 659
15:30–31 354, 389 18:28 402, 946 21:34 1596
15:37 14 19 328 21:35 659
15:39 14 19:1 366 21:37 1596
16:1 35 19:8 496 22:1–21 659
16:3 35 19:9 408, 659 22:3 409
16:4 68, 354, 389, 973 19:10 158, 372, 396, 1150 22:4 401, 409, 477, 1265
16:14 346, 364, 448 19:12–16 786 22:4–5 263, 367, 436, 477
16:18 223 19:13–16 1090 22:5 286, 634, 767, 957, 1090
16:20 169, 290, 1371 19:14 367 22:7–8 656
16:24 1702 19:17 366 22:16 290
16:26 671, 1242 19:17–20 366 22:17 68, 330
17:1 434, 1077 19:19 1123 22:18 229, 234
17:1ff 50 19:21 960 22:19 409
17:2–3 402, 946 19:23 408 22:21 659, 860
17:2–5 402 19:24 408 22:24 1596
17:5 366, 433, 519, 659, 662, 1077, 19:24–35 373 22:28 1056
1079, 1168, 1281 19:26 305, 1119 22:30 402
17:5–6 661, 1122 19:27–38 1756 23 1024
17:5–7 1032 19:29 1443 23:9 471
17:5–8 417 19:32 130 23:10 659, 1596
17:5–9 79, 431, 1029 19:33 1033 23:12 433, 1029, 1709
17:6 1007, 1076, 1332 20:3 402, 1029 23:12–14 402
17:6–7 1282 20:5 252, 364 23:12–15 659
17:7 30n45, 290, 433, 600, 1122, 20:5–7 337 23:14 1709
1139, 1209, 1721 20:7 331 23:16 1596
17:8 402 20:7–12 248 23:20–21 402
17:10 33, 271, 434, 1077 20:16 960 23:21 1709
17:13 519, 1029, 1168, 1281 20:16ff 364 23:29 402, 1097
17:16 1118 20:17 252 23:32 1596
17:17 496 20:17–19 84 24:1 393, 402, 767, 1032, 1295
17:18 930 20:19 402, 862 24:5 402, 486, 1229, 1332
17:23 1118 20:21 223, 862 24:5–6 1756
17:24 539, 893, 1118, 1169 20:26–28 861–862 24:5–10 433
17:24–25 1009 20:28 466 24:6 717, 861, 931, 1102, 1641
17:30 1291, 1555, 1558 20:29–30 392, 440 24:11 102, 900
17:31 1542 20:29–31 108 24:13 1032
17:32 930 20:31 366 24:14 408, 730, 941, 942
18:1 328, 431 20:34–36 861 24:15 1574
18:2 659, 1044 20:44–45 861 24:18 68, 85, 1150
18:4 1077 21:4 928 24:19 38
18:5–6 402, 832, 1176 21:10–11 928 24:20 471
18:6 306, 432, 433, 592, 659, 754, 21:11 169, 203, 1090 24:22 408
862, 1663 24:27 402
21:11–15 909
18:6–7 443 25:2 402, 592, 1029, 1032
21:11b 357
18:6–13 1022 25:2–3 659, 1077
21:13 946
18:6a 669 25:4 229, 234
21:17 68
18:6b 669 25:7 402, 1032, 1090
21:19–26 69
18:8 669 25:7–8 931, 1756
21:20 700
18:8–7 496 25:8 717, 928, 1033, 1139
21:21 464, 832, 1137
18:9 509 25:9 961
21:26 50, 102, 900
18:9–10 444, 509, 669 25:11 545n3, 661, 1563
21:26–29 33
18:12 402, 592, 661, 1029, 1032, 25:11–12 525n9, 661, 1037, 1044,
1122 21:26–30 931
1077
18:12–13 433 25:12 500

25:14 525n9, 545n3 2:16 1542 9:33 1158

25:19 402 2:17 434, 918 10:7 1341
25:21 525n9, 545n3 2:17–18 832 10:18 325
25:24 402, 1097 2:17–24 840 10:19 662, 1079
25:26 525n9, 545n3 2:17–25 1176 10:22 705
26:1 1033 2:23 832 10:29 325
26:2 545n3 2:28 73, 154, 434, 527, 1632 11:1 311, 325
26:7 311 2:28–29 434, 480, 697, 896, 918, 11:1–25 1692
26:9 319, 392, 477 1631 11:5 705, 895, 908, 915, 918
26:9–11 158, 263, 401, 409 2:29 35, 434, 918 11:7 705
26:10 286, 436, 477, 1033, 1090 3:1–2 1291, 1674 11:8 422
26:11 50, 658, 1142, 1382 3:4 17, 427 11:11 596, 714, 852
26:13 847 3:21–22 941 11:11–12 975, 1290, 1528, 1708
26:14–15 656 3:24–30 1033 11:11–26 1496
26:17 860 3:25 1555 11:12a 714
26:18 1002, 1689, 1725 3:29 854 11:12b 714
26:20 566 4:1 73 11:13 15, 35, 860
26:21 50, 525n9, 659, 717 4:5–7 1033 11:15 596, 963n128, 1290, 1580,
26:22 942 4:11 1125 1708
26:23 1002 4:12 1674 11:15a 714
26:24 1033 4:16 1674 11:15b 714
26:32 545n3, 661, 1044, 1077 4:16–18 720 11:16 992
27:1 1077 4:17–18 1280 11:16–21 963
27:13–15 690 4:25 1033 11:16–24 714
27:14–15 691 5:1 1033 11:17 50, 326
27:23 730 5:8 1081 11:17–19 522
27:24 525n9 5:9 1033 11:17–21 434
28:2 236 5:12–21 1033 11:18 1674
28:11–31 714 5:12ff 1708 11:19 50
28:14 1077 5:20–6:1 1758 11:25 1708
28:16–17 661, 1077 6:4 733n22 11:28 1674
28:17 436 7:4 1758 11:33 400
28:17–19 402 7:12 1193 11:33–34 462
28:19 525n9, 545n3, 1037, 1077, 7:23 1372 11:33a 462
1563 8:1–2 1758 11:36 294, 322
28:21 957 8:2 469 12:1 894
28:22 659, 1076–1077 8:6 469 12:5 1706
28:23 402, 661, 941, 942, 1077 8:9 329, 1642, 1652, 1666 12:18 209
28:26 422 8:15 1653 12:19 1400
28:26–27 862 8:18–22 1621 12:21 17, 427
28:28 862, 1663 8:18–23 1610 13:1 1498
28:30 661, 1044 8:23 1653 13:4 260, 374, 438
28:30–31 661, 1077 8:28 540 13:11–12 692
28:31 223 8:29 258 13:12 333, 1751
8:31 966 14:1–8 55
8:31–39 490 14:12 1607
Romans 8:33–34 1020, 1033 14:15 1081
8:34 543, 742 14:17 326, 329
1:1–4 476 8:35 679 15:3 1081
1:3–4 54 9:1–5 1291 15:16 860
1:4 223, 496, 1022 9:3 865, 1709 15:25 454
1:5 860 9:4 912, 1674 15:25–26 50, 1394
1:6–8 223 9:5 1674 15:25–31 66
1:7 253 9:6 527, 896, 918 15:26 50
1:8 1352, 1515 9:8 434, 1002 15:31 84, 1078
1:9 731 9:10–23 1607 16:17 108
1:9–10 532 9:17–18 1084 16:20 229, 234
1:16 1150, 1164, 1168, 1674 9:24f 142 16:25 222
2:4–9 20 9:26 348, 693 16:25–26 861
2:5 6, 333 9:27 705, 719
2:9 1164 9:32–33 412

1 Corinthians 10:29b–33 396 1:21–22 694

11:6 795 2:12 252, 364, 371, 478
11:7 1134 3:3 693
1:1–3 223
11:14 794 3:4–18 497
1:3 253
11:23–25 144 3:6 469, 595
1:7 8
11:25 205, 497, 595, 1642, 1650 3:7 1689
1:11 394
11:26 1762 3:10 1689
1:19–12:50 407
11:30 457 3:11 69, 1689
1:21–24 463
11:30–31 442 3:12–16 443
1:22 407, 1125, 1237
12:3 1709 3:13 1689
1:23 412
12:12 1706 3:14–15 422, 527
1:26–28 430
12:12–13 1058 3:14ff 246
2:7 352
12:12–20 319 3:16 422
2:7–10 463
12:13 683 3:17 1758
2:10 400, 462
12:27 1058 3:18 1649
2:13 329
12:28 354 4:4 1006, 1047, 1130
3:3 394
12:28–29 15 4:6 1002, 1668
3:11 1674
13:2 681 4:10 319
3:12 1702
14:6 8 4:16–18 1649
3:13 452
14:21 669 5:8 687
3:13–15 500
14:21–22 75 5:10 1607
3:16 571, 965
14:22 334, 1022 5:14 1081
4:21 873
14:22a 669 5:15 494
5:1 114
14:26 248 5:16–17 1649
5:1–13 440
15:3 144 5:17 494, 595, 597, 733n22, 1340,
5:3–7 441 1623, 1634, 1649, 1718
15:5 712
5:5 712, 777, 801, 912 5:17–7:1 1623
15:9 319, 477
5:7 590 5:19 104
15:20 349
5:9–11 1657 6:16 50, 571, 947n110, 965, 1615,
15:20–23 1606
5:11 1657 1623
15:20–28 975
6:3 1564 6:17 1624
15:22–26 977
6:9–11 1695, 1722 6:18 322, 533, 1624
15:24 600
6:11 290, 329 8–9 50
15:24a 972–973
6:15 992 9:1 454
15:25 115, 504, 975
6:19 965 9:8 1706
15:25–28 453
7:8 325 9:12 454
15:26 972
7:10 679 10:1 325
15:27 975
7:12 144 10:5 1372
15:28b 973
7:19 299 11:2 577, 997, 1476
15:32 364
7:25 144 11:4 108
15:45 1570
8:1 114, 396 11:13–14 392
15:52 334, 972
8:4 396 11:24 559–660, 1029, 1137
15:54 1647
8:4–13 396 11:24–25 659
15:55 1647
8:6 322, 493 11:26 402
15:57 349, 1647
8:7 396 11:27 733
15:58 1177
8:10 396 12:1 222
15:322 366
9:1–2 18 12:2–4 1284
16:1 114
9:23 326 12:4 20, 428
16:2 331
9:24–25 437 12:12 18
16:3 1394
9:25 437, 521 13:2 325
16:8 366
10:1–10 1260 13:14 255
16:8–9 371
10:3–4 443
16:9 478
10:10 777
16:15 454 Galatians
10:11 857
16:21 19
10:16–17 319
16:22 1709, 1762
10:18 742 1–5 55
10:20 831, 1065, 1101, 1367 1–6 69
10:21a 1368 2 Corinthians 1:3 253
10:23 396 1:5 294
10:25 396 1:6 108
1:2 253
10:27–30 396 1:6–8 1758
1:14 333

1:8 1709 6:16 35, 50, 136, 154, 160, 524n8, 4:17–18 1291
1:9 325, 1709 894n32, 1002, 1367, 1496, 1594, 4:24 388, 595
1:12 222–223, 656 1595, 1619, 1631, 1666, 1675 4:30 694
1:13 319, 367, 477, 634 4:31 79
1:13–14 222 Ephesians 5:5 833, 839, 1657
1:14 832 5:8 934
1:16 860 5:11 326
1:17–18 973, 1148 1:1–2 251, 364 5:14 1725
1:18 66 1:2–3 223 5:18 329
1:23 319, 656 1:2–21 496 5:22–23 561
2:1 66 1:3 1002 5:23 319, 394, 1018, 1706
2:2 222 1:5 1653 5:25–32 997
2:4 425 1:11 6, 540, 973 5:25b–27 577
2:7 860 1:13 694 5:26 1630
2:8–14 861 1:15 394 5:27 1476
2:9 279, 489 1:19–21 494 5:30 319, 1058
2:10 50 1:19–23 1018 5:32 352, 577
2:11–15 901 1:20 543, 589 6:8 683, 1607
2:15 222 1:20–21 261, 977 6:11 801
3:1–3 1758 1:20–22 505, 588, 592 6:12 794, 796, 1014
3:7 527, 1674 1:20–23 494
3:8 697 1:21 491, 1489
3:9 881n13 1:22 115, 319, 453, 601 Philippians
3:13 1714 1:23 1058
3:16 1010 2:2 496, 776, 801, 1008, 1234 1:2 253
3:23–25 49 2:4–6 520 1:6 333
3:27–29 900 2:5–6 733n22 1:7 326
3:28 683 2:5–10 494 1:9 1642, 1652
3:29 154, 697, 881n13, 1619, 1632, 2:6 428, 1002, 1718 1:10 333
1675 2:6–7 496 1:11 223
4:1 325 2:8–10 1477 1:20–23 1573
4:3 425 2:11–18 519 2:1–11 55
4:4 784, 1014, 1017, 1431 2:12–22 49 2:6–8 1018
4:6 256, 1642 2:12–22 299 2:7 1014
4:21–31 55, 947n110 2:14 55 2:8 1012
4:22–26 85 2:14–17 861, 1641 2:8–9 494
4:22–31 205, 425 2:15 595, 597 2:8–11 505
4:24–26 760 2:19–20 943, 992 2:8b–10 496
4:24–30 1594 2:19–21 881n13, 947n110 2:9–10 261, 588
4:25 491, 646, 1218, 1631 2:19–22 965 2:9–11 589, 1022, 1489
4:25–26 580, 881n13, 997, 1362 2:20 15, 1677 2:12–13 1477
4:25–26a, 1722 2:21 50 2:13 1746
4:25–31 279 2:21–22 938 2:15 340, 934, 1668
4:26 35, 85, 222, 491, 997, 1631, 2:22 329, 894 3:2 1101, 1140, 1749
1634, 1636 3:1 860 3:2–3 894
4:28–29 660 3:3 222 3:3 35, 697, 918, 1002, 1632, 1675
4:28–31 1722 3:3–6 860 3:4–5 597, 918
4:30 490, 914, 916, 918–919, 1631, 3:5 329 3:4–6 832
1634 3:5–6 352 3:4–7 404
4:31 760, 1631 3:6 1706 3:5 311
5:1 623 3:8 860 3:6 84, 319–320, 367, 477, 634
5:1–3 1140 3:9 539 3:7–8 1141
5:2 325 3:20 1706 3:20 1002
5:12 1101 4:1 473 4:1 521
5:20 1454 4:1–3 394 4:4 1647
6:8 469 4:4 319 4:6–7 1647
6:12 84 4:11 15
6:13 222 4:11–12 354
6:14–15 494 4:12 319 Colossians
6:15 222, 480, 595, 597, 733n22, 4:14–15 455
1367, 1632, 1634 4:15 394
6:15–16 434, 697 1:1 223

1:2 252, 253, 364 2:15 257, 477, 1274, 1456 4:14 347
1:3 223 2:15–16 329, 1556 5:8 732
1:6 577, 1168, 1332, 1352, 1515 2:15f 1530 5:17 520
1:7 648 2:16 35, 55, 402, 519, 729, 925, 5:20 459
1:8 329 1029, 1185, 1310, 1528 5:22 347
1:9 532 2:16–17 1398, 1663 6:1 623
1:10 473 2:18 329, 659 6:3 108
1:13 293, 600, 1556 2:19 521 6:13 1498
1:15 258, 322, 495, 1049 4:13 1647 6:15 1498
1:16 322, 539, 666 4:13–17 1606 6:16 518, 1498
1:16–17 6 4:16 334, 1019, 1575
1:18 258, 259, 319, 495 4:16–17 300
1:19 849n10 4:17 484 2 Timothy
1:23 325, 1352, 1515 5:2 333, 472
1:24 1332 5:3 236, 1002 1:1 13
2:1 364, 372, 396, 495 5:5 934 1:3 731
2:10 337 5:10 1081 1:6 347
2:11 496n53 5:27 246, 251, 354–355, 389, 1151 1:7 455
2:12 428, 496 1:8–10 404
2:14–15 1582, 1600 1:9 1607
2:15 1022, 1549, 1551
2 Thessalonians 1:10 458, 1607
2:16 55 1:11 347
2:19 319 1:2 253 1:18 364, 366
3:1 1573, 1634 1:3–4 391 2:5 437
3:1–2 1582 1:7 8 2:8 223, 476
3:1–3 1002 1:7–9 1600 2:11–12a, 1559
3:1–4 1649 1:7–10 300, 467 2:12 326, 1573
3:5 424, 833, 839, 1101 1:9–10 6 2:19 694
3:8 79 1:11 532 2:20 1702
3:10 388, 496, 543 2:1 223 2:26 786
3:11 496 2:2 333 3:1 857
4:3 478 2:2–3 1231 3:2 79
4:3–4 371 2:3 537 3:3 432
4:7 648 3:8 391, 731 3:6 1372
4:12–13 373 3:17 19, 325, 1125 3:12 436
4:13 252, 337, 364, 366 3:16 13, 101, 113, 116, 329, 1326
4:13–16 372, 396 3:16–17 6
4:15 373, 495
1 Timothy 3:16a 7
4:16 246, 251, 337, 354–355, 364, 4:1–2 354
373, 389, 495, 1151 1:3 108, 364, 366, 392, 403 4:2 236
4:18 19 1:3–7 1150 4:6 634
12:22 1634 1:5 404 4:6–8 1037
1:7 404 4:7–8 1573
1:10 1657 4:8 521
1 Thessalonians 1:12–13 84, 477 4:12 364
1:13 432 4:13 132
1:1 223, 253 1:15–17 404 4:17 860
1:3 391 1:16 223 4:18 294
1:9 475, 693 1:19b–20 404 4:20 252, 455
2:5–6 477 1:20 777
2:12 473 2:1–7 404
2:13 13 2:2 30n45 Titus
2:13–16 1530 2:7 35, 347, 860
2:14 50, 1310 2:9 1422, 1684 1:1 223
2:14–15 78, 84, 271, 313, 424, 3:5b 455 1:5 520
1028 3:11 432 1:13 455
2:14–16 79, 102, 169, 431, 433, 3:14 234 2:3 432
592, 636, 925, 928, 957, 1078, 3:15 348, 489
1230, 1529 3:5 290, 1630, 1700
4:10 348 3:9 55
2:14–17 49, 908, 981
4:13 246, 263, 1151 3:15 1763
2:14–16 308
4:13–14 354
2:14b–15 652

Philemon 6:9–12 497 10:26–29 1162

6:10 320 10:26–30 1209, 1394
6:20 258, 344, 347, 1137 10:26–31 523, 1531
1:25 1763 7:1–8:6 403 10:26–39 472, 1564
2:9–10 491 7:7 471 10:27 942
2.5–11 541 7:11–9 1137 10:29 397, 424, 453, 1759
7:11–28 1161 10:29–39 86
Hebrews 7:13 742 10:30–31 397
7:14 311 10:31 348
7:20 1402 10:32 839, 908
1:1 49, 298, 1685 7:22 1402 10:32–33 1653
1:1–2 857, 1645 7:23 458 10:32–34 444, 1142, 1209, 1655
1:1–13 403 7:25 742 10:32–36 925
1:2 493 8:1 258, 506, 543 10:32–38 636
1:3 543, 1012, 1049 8:2 475, 489, 893 10:32–39 1137
1:3b 505 8:5 730, 805, 886, 893–894, 988, 10:33–34 84
1:5 288, 420 1002, 1686 10:34 431, 477
1:13 115 8:6–10 597 10:35 664
1:14 1564 8:7–13 1161 10:37 1655
1Pe 3:22, 505 8:8 595 10:39 397, 497
2:1 247 8:9 958 11 522
2:1–3 1564, 1618 8:10b 1642 11:2 522
2:1–4 86, 472, 523, 1394, 1655 8:13 7, 35, 69, 85, 107, 169, 238, 11:9 276, 1595
2:4 962n125 298, 412, 467, 490, 497, 548, 572, 11:10 1677
2:6–8 598 596–597, 747, 858, 860, 893, 985,
991, 1130, 1477, 1506, 1528, 1533, 11:13 523, 1003
2:8 115, 453, 601, 862 11:19 1580
1552, 1564, 1588, 1619, 1624, 1629,
2:10 322, 539 1641–1642, 1648, 1655, 1686 11:21 873
2:11 1468 9–10 299 11:23–27 1003
2:14 458, 777, 801, 1005, 1549, 9:1 66, 489, 912, 1624 11:24–27 958
1551, 1582, 1600
9:1–18 403 11:26 908
2:14–15 589, 1592
9:4 418, 988, 989 11:28 258, 259
2:14b 802
9:5 530 11:32–38 1003
2:17 258, 344
9:6 862n28, 912 11:36–37 78, 539
3:1 258, 344, 403, 664, 1176
9:6–7 1640 11:36–38 985
3:1–6 403
9:6–15 1161 11:38 684
3:1–12 1137
9:8 494, 862n28, 991, 1686 12:1 942, 1467
3:3–4 584
9:9 1686 12:4 908
3:12 397
9:10–11 1624 12:5–6 501
4:1–11 527
9:11 258, 344, 489, 747, 862n28, 12:6 455
4:4–6 86 893, 976, 1002, 1241, 1533, 1686 12:15–29 1618
4:12 174 9:12 1167 12:18 580, 1240, 1533
4:14 439, 506 9:13–14 1630 12:18–21 895, 942
4:16 1629 9:14 348 12:18–28 497
%:5, 420 9:23 886, 937, 1686 12:18–29 49, 205, 293, 298, 523
5:1–3 1137 9:23–24 489, 830, 1002 12:19 336
5:1–8 472 9:24 475, 742, 747, 862n28, 893, 12:19–20 989
5:1–10 664 894, 976, 1241, 1533, 1624, 1687 12:20–28 1594
5:4 1142 9:26 857, 1685 12:22 7, 50, 85, 348, 491, 505,
5:5 259, 288 10:1 489, 893, 1687 543, 580, 597, 646, 991, 1148, 1159,
5:8–14 1137 10:1–18 1161 1240, 1533, 1636, 1646, 1664
5:9 1167 10:1–18 6 12:22–23 895
5:10 258 10:8–9 893 12:22–24 279
5:11–6:3 908n52 10:9–10 1649 12:22–28 858, 1552, 1629
6:1–3 1137 10:12 543 12:22–29 1494, 1564
6:1–4 1394 10:13 115 12:22a 895
6:1–6 523, 1564 10:19–20 494 12:23 522
6:1–7 497 10:20 597, 989 12:24 205, 1650
6:1–8 1209 10:22 290, 475, 1630 12:25 336, 1176
6:1–9 1618 10:23–31 1618 12:25–27 490, 491, 572
6:4–6 942 10:25 65, 1137, 1759 12:25–28 862, 1396
6:6 424 10:25b 1655 12:25–29 85, 1209, 1241
6:8 942

12:26 66n67 2:13 30n45 2:7 353
12:26–27 66, 1533 2:14 260 2:7–8 595
12:26–28 540, 966, 1528 2:17 30n45 2:8 17, 692, 1645, 1689, 1751
12:26–29 169 2:24 1058 2:12–14 353
12:27 293, 572n34, 862n28 3:1 561 2:13 427
12:27–28 412, 895, 979, 1173, 3:6 561 2:14 427
1670 3:20 1340 2:18 857, 1337, 1339
12:27–28a, 747, 1693 3:21b–22 496 2:19 425, 472, 474, 1759
12:28 293, 600, 1533, 1631 3:22 543, 1020, 1489 2:19–20 411
12:29 942 4:11 294 2:21–26 1658
12:29a 336 4:12 452 2:22 410–411, 450, 1337, 1339,
13:4 457 4:14 392, 1666 1618
13:5 509 4:17 20 2:23 450
13:5b–6 444 5:1 326 2:24 450
13:10 730, 894, 896 5:2 466, 1497 2:26 353
13:12–13 1185 5:3–4 867 3:7–8 1759
13:13 664, 908 5:4 521, 733 3:8 450, 1549
13:15 894 5:7 1647 3:10 393
13:20 733, 1167 5:8 801 3:11 393
13:21 294 5:13 14 3:12 1005
13:22 664, 1480 3:14 393, 458, 1647
13:25 1763 3:22 16
14:12 1176 2 Peter 3:23 223, 450
3:24 1642
1:2 253 4:1 392, 410
James 1:17–19 1751 4:1–2 423
1:20–21 6 4:2 223
1:1 311 2:1 392 4:2–3a 410
1:11 1746 2:3 1390 4:4 427, 1337
1:12 245, 521 2:4 1554 4:9 450
1:25 248 2:6–7 561 4:10 450
2:5 430 2:7–8 958, 1306 4:13 1642
2:14–26 499 2:8 785, 1570 4:14 450
2:25 352 2:15 441 4:15 450
3:1 458, 1399 2:19 1758 5:1a 410
4:1 394, 1029 2:20–22 1656, 1749 5:4 427
4:1–2 953 3:3–4 230, 1561n60 5:5 427, 450
4:2 1101 3:8 229–230, 531, 1014 5:6 223
5:1 1413 3:10 333, 471–472, 1230 5:9 450
5:11 245 3:10–13 1610, 1620 5:10 450
5:14 520 3:13 595, 858, 1621 5:11 450
5:17 939 3:15 326 5:12 450
3:16 1758 5:13 353, 450
3:18 294 5:15 450
1 Peter 5:19 801, 1006, 1591
5:20 17, 223, 410, 450, 1647
1:2 253 1 John
1:3 597
1:7 8, 452, 500 1:1 15–16, 19, 148
2 John
1:10–12 523, 551, 1645 1:1–3 145
1:13 8 1:2 16n29 1:1 18
1:20 857 1:3 223, 450 1:7 223, 411, 974, 1337, 1339
1:23 597 1:4 353 1:9 1759
1:24 1746 1:5 353
2:4–5 965 1:5b 1688
2:5 599, 894, 938, 992, 1630 1:6–7 1759
Jude
2:5–9 943 1:7 450
2:6 938, 1158 2:1 16, 223 1:6 333, 523
2:7 939 2:2 1692 1:7 561
2:8 412, 939 2:3 16 1:9 738
2:9 291, 894, 965, 1630, 1684 2:3–5 1759 1:11 352, 441

Revelation 1:5a 256, 310, 464, 475, 1754 1:10a 121

1:5b 258, 291 1:10b 336, 338, 514
1:5c 291, 310 1:10b–11 332
1–2 1223 1:6 81, 155, 232, 256, 291–292, 1:11 152, 239, 251–252, 253, 328,
1–3 90 294, 297, 316n40, 321, 326, 434, 347–348, 354–355, 363, 378, 427,
1:0:1ff 341 475, 488, 518, 520, 534, 552, 599, 506, 509, 511, 547, 578, 729, 865,
1:1 12, 14, 45, 75, 95–98, 101, 106, 602, 731, 894, 943, 1074, 1546, 1330
114, 133, 143, 145, 151–152, 161, 187, 1564, 1573, 1581, 1588, 1630, 1683, 1:11–20 1750
202, 221, 225, 242, 266, 279, 295, 1692, 1725 1:11b 337
301, 309, 315, 337, 346–347, 354, 1:6–7 603, 1763 1:12 186–187, 193, 243, 359, 434,
359, 362–363, 390, 399, 412, 454, 1:6a 291, 503, 600 1566, 1577
464, 479, 484, 487, 493, 505, 515, 1:6n, 293
547, 548, 578, 616, 635–636, 644, 1:12–13 190, 342, 821, 845
648, 650, 684, 686, 696, 711, 729, 1:7 48, 67, 75, 84–85, 131, 146, 149, 1:12–16 452
777, 829, 845, 875, 881, 896, 899, 153, 155, 194, 204, 232, 237, 242, 1:12–18 253, 335, 337–349
932, 941, 972, 996, 1015, 1020, 254, 257, 280, 290, 300–303, 307,
309–312, 314, 316, 317, 319, 331– 1:12–20 221, 245, 253, 333, 359,
1032, 1036, 1042, 1046, 1059, 633, 1451, 1481
1063, 1071, 1089, 1164, 1183, 1188, 332, 336, 339, 341, 344–345, 358,
364, 378, 412, 414, 417, 448, 456, 1:12–21 338, 541
1200, 1207, 1234, 1263, 1326, 1331,
1335, 1348, 1350, 1471, 1481, 1485, 464, 466–467, 481–482, 485, 486, 1:12b 338
1493, 1500, 1504, 1527–1528, 1533, 488–489, 491, 495, 497, 503, 505– 1:12ff 347
1535, 1543, 1552, 1561n60, 1572, 506, 509, 517, 525, 533–535, 545, 1:13 116, 270, 334, 340–341, 361,
1583, 1618, 1643, 1729, 1730, 1735, 578, 580, 588, 592, 600, 616, 649, 399, 435, 500, 506, 509, 511, 844,
1740 668, 696, 700, 705–706, 709–710, 1014, 1167, 1194, 1491, 1518
747, 755, 767, 775, 777, 779, 809,
1:1–2 202, 222–226, 1741, 1763 1:13–16 845
829, 846, 847, 867, 871, 875, 887,
1:1–3 47, 251, 1043 894, 923, 937, 939, 941, 947n111, 1:13–18 190, 351
1:1–8 175, 221 952, 955, 986, 996, 1019, 1024, 1:13–20 357, 1068, 1562
1:1a 186, 243, 467, 746 1030–1032, 1043, 1044, 1081, 1:13–22 380
1:1b–2 221, 224–226 1085, 1090–1091, 1097, 1124, 1156, 1:13b 342
1173, 1188, 1196, 1207, 1211, 1212,
1:2 162, 186, 223, 241–243, 258, 1:13ff 152
1230, 1232, 1235, 1237, 1264, 1265,
332, 335, 347, 354, 399, 546, 555, 1:14 133, 391, 395, 500, 591, 731,
1271, 1291, 1295, 1309, 1316, 1317,
634, 821, 922, 1491, 1740 755, 1488
1320, 1360–1361, 1366, 1412, 1441,
1:2b 1754 1457, 1471, 1488, 1528, 1552–1553, 1:14–15 347
1:3 19, 30, 44, 75, 86–87, 90, 95, 1559, 1615, 1643, 1677, 1678, 1695, 1:14a 344
97–98, 101, 105–106, 114, 152, 160, 1736, 1745, 1754, 1761 1:14b 344–345, 500
183, 184, 187, 232, 242–251, 253, 1:7–8 294–322
263, 266, 279, 295, 301, 309, 311, 1:15 188, 194–195, 448, 847
1:7b–d 295–296 1:15–16 528
332, 336, 346–348, 354–355, 357,
359, 390, 416, 423, 427, 454, 464, 1:7d 296 1:15b 345
484, 505, 514–515, 536, 547–548, 1:8 331, 348, 363, 533, 539, 978, 1:16 139, 174, 187–188, 346, 361,
578, 585, 616, 635–636, 648, 650, 1009, 1052, 1071, 1314, 1339, 1651, 363, 390, 438, 847, 949, 1227,
686, 696, 729, 777, 829, 832, 875, 1746 1488
881, 899, 922, 932, 953, 972, 996, 1:8a 321 1:16–17 543, 852
1015, 1032, 1036, 1042, 1046, 1:8b 322 1:16a 345
1059, 1063, 1071, 1081, 1089, 1145, 1:9 12, 14, 51, 86, 87, 160–162,
1164, 1183, 1188, 1234, 1261, 1263, 1:16b 346
223, 237, 241, 244, 253, 258, 262, 1:17 185, 194, 243, 341, 359, 429,
1326, 1331, 1335, 1348, 1350, 1471, 290, 301, 337, 354–355, 357, 359,
1479, 1485, 1493, 1504, 1527–1528, 435, 528, 611, 821, 1746
391, 416, 435, 454, 484–489, 503,
1533, 1535, 1538, 1543, 1552, 509, 511, 536, 546, 888, 984, 1014, 1:17a 346
1561n60, 1571–1572, 1583, 1618, 1043, 1046, 1056, 1063, 1068, 1:17c 338
1643, 1653, 1751, 1754 1070–1071, 1086, 1326, 1371, 1:17c–18a, 348
1:4 12, 14, 20, 44, 47, 155, 198, 1457–1458, 1482, 1491, 1538, 1547, 1:17c–20 338
200, 239, 257, 322, 327, 339, 347, 1555, 1559, 1565, 1572, 1586, 1653,
354–355, 362, 469, 511, 533, 590, 1:18 116, 259, 261, 340, 341, 344,
1741, 1747, 1754 429, 491, 493, 528, 545, 548, 588–
729, 738, 1012, 1050, 1741 1:9–3:22 174, 502 589, 629, 859, 1010, 1012, 1314,
1:4–5 356, 449, 1482, 1604, 1687 1:9–20 184–185, 325–355, 844, 1316, 1544, 1548, 1572
1:4–6 1763 848 1:18a 348
1:4–8 221 1:9a 45 1:18b 332, 475
1:4a 251–252 1:9b–c, 326 1:19 90, 121, 201, 243, 329, 338,
1:4b 253 1:9e 328 346–349, 351, 390, 514–515, 719,
1:5 16n29, 20, 201, 222–223, 241, 1:9ff 294 865, 1034
258, 259–262, 290, 297, 393, 399, 1:10 20, 82, 171, 174, 192, 194, 203, 1:19–20 349–355
454, 465, 475, 494–495, 501, 545, 232, 255, 256, 330, 335, 347, 418, 1:19–21 528
548, 578, 587, 589, 850, 859, 922, 427, 509, 510, 516, 1284
939, 965, 981, 1012–1013, 1020, 1:20 121, 185, 187, 190, 193, 256,
1091, 1460, 1471, 1491, 1691, 1763 1:10–11 329–337, 514 338, 351, 358–359, 395, 509, 511,
1:10–12 121 547, 689, 821, 934, 1014, 1329,
1:5–6 255, 493, 853, 1027, 1556, 1577, 1751
1619 1:10–18 350
1:10–20 509 1:20b 469
1:5–7 1571

1:21 155, 1306 1165, 1172, 1175, 1189, 1192, 1211, 2:17a 383, 442
1:29 466, 1167 1214, 1224, 1227, 1266, 1281, 1307, 2:17b 357, 442–443
1:36 466, 1167 1323, 1369, 1396, 1399, 1440, 1444, 2:18 163, 251, 344, 347, 352, 361,
1455, 1488–1489, 1586, 1619, 1636, 375, 378, 388, 418, 427, 468, 475,
1:65 442 1657, 1695, 1704, 1722, 1736, 1755
1:130–20 540 488, 509, 591, 755, 847
2:9–10 290, 329, 417, 482, 488– 2:18–29 418, 447
1.7, 148 489, 506, 665, 1008, 1371, 1669,
2–3 196, 251–252, 511 1721, 1758 2:18a 359, 380, 445
2:1 187, 193, 202, 251, 325, 352, 2:9–10 299 2:18b 380, 445–446, 448–451,
354, 361, 378, 388, 394, 427, 435, 455–456, 459, 463
2:9a 430
438–439, 468, 509, 1023, 1451, 2:19 86, 237, 253, 378, 387, 391,
2:9b 432, 435 416, 435, 438, 454–456, 459, 469,
1751
2:10 45, 90, 237, 332, 349, 350, 471, 477, 484, 498, 511, 536, 1068,
2:1–3:22 184, 239, 350, 355, 509, 379, 399, 416, 429, 435–436, 454–
1330 1572
455, 484, 521, 524, 536, 629, 793, 2:19–21 381, 573
2:1–4 403 1013, 1326, 1538, 1555, 1678
2:1–7 378 2:19a 438, 445, 453, 475, 492
2:10–11 357, 1581, 1583
2:1a 359, 378, 380 2:19b 453
2:10a 381, 435
2:1b 359, 378, 380 2:20 154, 174, 225, 238, 270,
2:10b 381, 435 358, 395, 398, 399, 413, 416–420,
2:2 45, 357, 378, 395, 416, 430, 2:10c 382, 436, 440 423–425, 448, 451, 452, 457–458,
438, 453–454, 456, 469, 477, 480, 2:10d 436 711, 1545
498, 511, 564, 626, 1755
2:10e 436 2:20–21 419
2:2–3 86, 152, 237, 253, 327, 357,
378, 416, 435, 454, 484, 536, 1068, 2:11 45, 97, 107, 147, 162–163, 169, 2:20–23 355
1572 224–225, 248, 252, 255, 350, 354, 2:20–24 454
360, 362–364, 377, 379, 387–388, 2:20a 423, 454–456, 465
2:2a 390 390, 416, 427, 437, 442, 468–469,
2:2b 391 474, 491–493, 506, 512, 629, 696, 2:20b 395, 455, 465
2:2c 392 723, 1034, 1063, 1074, 1607 2:20c 456
2:3 45, 391–393, 511, 626, 1102 2:11a 437 2:21 363, 387, 398, 451, 455, 457
2:3–5 1105 2:11b 383, 437 2:21–23 398
2:4 174, 270, 353, 387, 393, 454 2:12 202, 224, 325, 346, 374, 388, 2:21c 457
2:4–5 146, 238, 378, 454, 564 442, 509, 564, 1745 2:22 358, 391, 416, 451, 458, 847
2:4–17 1398 2:12–13 1116 2:22–23 382, 419, 442
2:5 47, 320, 350, 358, 363, 387, 2:12a 380, 438 2:22a 457
390–391, 464, 468, 472, 487, 534, 2:12b 438, 442, 482 2:22b 457, 458
626, 1102, 1451 2:13 201, 241, 256, 258, 378, 399, 2:23 97, 162, 224, 360, 377, 391,
2:5–6 379 439, 444, 454–455, 489, 494, 546, 399, 418, 419, 425, 456, 506, 511,
2:5a 381, 394 801, 922, 935, 995, 1210–1211, 629
2:5b 382, 394, 456 1391, 1538, 1563, 1655, 1658 2:23a 451, 457, 458, 847
2:6 381, 391, 398, 403, 456, 457, 2:13–14 469 2:23b 455, 458, 463, 847
1755 2:13–22 573 2:23c 455, 457
2:7 90, 97, 107, 144, 147, 169, 185, 2:13a 439 2:24 395, 396, 399–400, 456, 471,
201, 203, 224, 225, 255, 354–355, 2:13b 439, 443 473, 801, 1586
360, 377, 379, 387–388, 390, 399, 2:13c 439 2:24–25 382
416, 426–427, 437, 442, 468, 469, 2:14 174, 270, 358, 375, 387, 393, 2:24a 456, 459, 464
474, 491–493, 506, 512, 647, 723, 395, 398, 414–417, 420, 425, 456,
1034, 1063, 1074 2:24b 460, 463
473 2:24c–25 464
2:7a 383 2:14–15 395, 398, 410, 416, 417,
2:7b 357, 383, 468, 493 2:25 262, 358, 416, 439, 460
1755
2:8 152, 202, 224, 251, 259, 261, 2:25–26 86–87, 146, 237, 253, 435,
2:14–16 332 454, 484, 536
310, 340, 361, 373–374, 378, 427, 2:14a 440
429, 434, 435, 509, 545, 859, 2:25a 460, 464, 465
1059, 1316, 1332, 1580 2:14b 399, 440 2:25b 464
2:8–11 379, 473 2:14c 443 2:26 87, 133, 169, 248, 358, 363,
2:8b 359, 380, 429, 493 2:15 395, 398, 414 379, 416, 427, 437, 467, 491, 506,
2:9 33, 35, 50, 70, 78, 85–86, 146, 2:15a 498 512, 723, 983, 1034, 1063–1064,
154, 158, 169, 213, 222, 263, 270– 2:16 47, 106, 146, 174, 237, 358, 1074, 1583, 1584, 1586
271, 289, 353, 357–358, 368, 378, 379, 390, 394, 464, 472, 487, 534, 2:26–27 350, 420, 446, 1690
381, 391, 396, 399–400, 408, 413, 949, 953, 1227, 1495 2:26–28 375, 383
417, 420–422, 424, 426, 430, 434, 2:16–20 1752 2:26a 464
437, 441, 454, 456, 460, 463, 465, 2:16b 382, 440, 441 2:26b–27 358, 465
470, 472, 479, 480, 496, 506, 521, 2:17 86, 87, 144, 147, 152, 162–163, 2:27 128, 131, 288, 420, 466, 475,
523, 527, 574, 578, 697, 706, 709, 201, 203, 224, 225, 237, 248, 252– 488, 587, 733, 949, 1495, 1497
777, 781, 801, 831, 862, 884, 892, 253, 350, 358, 362–364, 377, 379,
895, 911, 995, 1023–1024, 1028, 2:27a 465
387–388, 390, 416, 418, 422, 427,
1032, 1044, 1050, 1078, 1080, 2:27c 467
434–435, 437, 439, 442, 454, 468,
1088, 1090, 1094, 1096, 1101, 1103, 469, 474, 484, 491–493, 506, 536, 2:28 188, 350, 362, 420, 467, 493
1109, 1122, 1124, 1130, 1140, 1151, 595, 723, 1034, 1063, 1074, 1487 2:29 45, 107, 203, 252, 357–358,

360, 364, 384, 387–388, 390, 442, 3:8d 478–479, 488 3:15–19 355
468, 469, 474, 492, 506 3:9 20, 33–36, 50, 70, 78–79, 85, 3:15a 498, 500
2:30 188 86, 118, 140, 146, 158, 160, 169, 3:15b 498
2:38 467 213, 222, 263, 270–271, 273, 289, 3:16 484, 499
2:41 656 291, 314, 350, 358, 371, 391, 393,
396, 399–400, 408, 417, 420, 3:16–17 383
2:90 188 422, 424, 426, 430, 434, 437, 441, 3:17 174, 376, 450, 456, 498, 1404
2:162 650 456, 460, 463, 465, 467, 470, 472, 3:17a 499
2:178 731 476–477, 479, 483, 486, 488, 489, 3:17b 500
2:264 188 496, 501, 506, 521, 523, 527, 574, 3:18 325, 376, 387, 473, 499, 500,
2:289 427 578, 599, 643, 706, 709, 777, 781, 521
801, 831, 884, 892, 895, 911, 995,
2:387 188 3:18–20 382
1023–1024, 1028, 1032, 1044,
3;11, 254 1078, 1088, 1090, 1094, 1101, 1103, 3:18b 500
3:1 163, 187, 251, 255, 273, 357, 1109, 1124, 1130, 1140, 1151, 1165, 3:18c 501
361, 363, 378, 388, 427, 438, 453, 1172, 1175, 1189, 1192, 1211, 1214, 3:19 238, 320, 332, 379, 387, 455,
468, 474, 498, 509, 590, 738, 1031 1224, 1227, 1266, 1281, 1307, 1323, 492, 501
3:1–21 573 1369, 1396, 1399, 1440, 1444, 1455, 3:19–20 390
3:1a 359, 468 1488–1489, 1528–1529, 1561n60,
3:20 350, 371, 387, 394, 492, 496,
1569, 1619, 1636, 1655, 1657, 1677,
3:1b 380, 468, 473 501
1692, 1695, 1704, 1722, 1736
3:1c 469, 471 3:20–21 332, 493
3:9–10 301, 1586, 1643
3:2 198, 353, 391, 859 3:21 101, 237, 363, 379, 383, 416,
3:9–11 146
3:2–3 174 427, 435, 437, 454, 467, 475, 484,
3:9a 477, 479 488, 491, 502–503, 505–506, 512,
3:2–3a 382, 470
3:9b 332, 460, 472, 480, 489 520–521, 524, 536, 723, 1034,
3:2–4 332, 341 1063, 1074, 1264, 1468, 1490, 1563,
3:9c 482
3:2b 469 1583, 1586, 1653
3:10 86–87, 280, 281, 320, 337,
3:2c 469, 471 350, 357, 358, 363, 416, 435, 454, 3:21a 427
3:3 87, 148, 237–238, 248, 320, 483, 486, 536, 635, 638, 641–642, 3:21b 505
357–358, 363, 379, 394, 416, 435, 646, 648, 650, 730, 774, 1064, 3:22 45, 97, 107, 162–163, 201,
454, 464, 468, 472, 484, 487, 536, 1065, 1068, 1080, 1326, 1538, 252, 354, 357, 360, 364, 379, 384,
1230 1569, 1572, 1747 387, 390, 442, 445, 469, 474, 492,
3:3b 383, 472 3:10–11 390 502, 506
3:4 270, 350, 363, 382, 387, 472– 3:10a 488 3:35 450
473, 500–501, 521, 647, 1492 3:10b 483–484, 486, 643 3:35–36 450
3:4a 473 3:10c 488, 643 3:122 388
3:4b 473 3:11 46, 47, 237, 332, 358, 383, 4 126
3:5 45, 86–87, 101, 202, 362, 383, 390, 439, 487, 521, 656, 793, 1569 4–5 342
387, 388, 416, 427, 435, 437, 443, 3:11a 484, 643
454, 468–469, 475, 484, 488, 491, 4–20 90
3:11b 484, 488 4–22 98
493, 501, 506, 512, 524, 536, 546,
723, 851, 983, 1034, 1063, 1074, 3:12 85–87, 152, 163, 188, 189, 193, 4:1 174, 186–187, 194, 201, 233n3,
1080, 1324 253, 362, 379, 383–384, 388, 416, 511, 578, 821, 866, 964, 998
421, 427, 435, 437, 454, 484, 488,
3:5b 444, 470, 472 4:1–2 171, 511, 998, 1484, 1563
491, 493, 506, 512, 536, 595, 723,
3:5c 474 775, 859, 884, 919, 1034, 1063, 4:1–3 1014, 1116
3:6 144, 162–163, 201, 225, 354, 1070, 1149, 1519, 1614, 1619, 1631, 4:1–5 687, 1056
358, 360, 364, 379, 384, 387–388, 1636, 1677 4:1–5:14 175, 502
390, 442, 445, 454, 469, 474, 492, 3:12a 372, 476, 489 4:1–11 126
506
3:12b 372, 477 4:1–22:7 76
3:7 154–155, 163, 202, 224, 325,
3:12c 489, 490 4:1–42 573
332, 347, 352, 362, 372, 387–388,
392, 426–427, 475, 492, 497, 509, 3:12d 478, 487, 489, 490, 643 4:1a 513, 515
643, 1464, 1541, 1548 3:12e 643 4:1b 514
3:7–12 403 3:13 45, 97, 144, 201, 203, 224– 4:1c 514, 533, 585
3:7–13 473, 1630 225, 252, 255, 357, 364, 377, 388, 4:1d 515
390, 442, 445, 469, 474, 484, 491, 4:2 20, 82, 174, 192, 203, 232, 255,
3:7a 380, 475
492, 506 256–257, 330, 347, 510n1, 511, 512,
3:7b 359, 475–478, 482, 488–489
3:13–17 492 516, 540–541, 542, 544, 685, 998,
3:7b7, 464
3:14 16n29, 152, 163, 201–202, 1016, 1235, 1284–1485, 1570, 1603
3:7c 131 241, 352, 362, 363, 378, 387–388, 4:2–3 253, 522, 630, 1560
3:8 86, 87, 152, 253, 340, 354, 371, 392, 427, 454, 465, 494, 495, 496,
378, 416, 435, 444, 453, 454, 469, 4:2–6 550
509, 539, 598, 603, 856, 859,
484, 498, 502, 536, 1561n60 1019, 1276, 1541, 1763 4:2–8 121, 139
3:8–10 332 3:14a 380, 492, 498, 1488 4:2a 516
3:8a 477, 479 3:14b 380, 464, 492 4:2c 510
3:8b 477, 483 3:15 381, 391, 438, 453, 469, 477 4:2ff 224, 516, 1068
3:8b–10 382 3:15–16 332 4:3 198, 513, 516, 519, 522, 541,
3:8c 478, 488 542, 821, 846, 1292
3:15–18 387
4:3–6 1603

4:3a 518 5:2 514, 542–543, 578, 581, 713, 5:11–12 514, 530, 532
4:3b 518 801, 821, 844, 851, 859, 1366, 5:11–14 1534
4:4 201, 473, 473n44, 501, 521, 1399, 1442 5:11b 601
522, 530, 542, 727, 793, 999, 1485, 5:2–5 605, 778 5:12 84, 242, 259, 273, 290, 297,
1563, 1570, 1678 5:2b 541, 583 339, 348, 412, 429, 466, 493,
4:4a 519 5:3 583, 584, 1546 510n1, 534, 536, 540, 545, 581,
4:4b 519 5:3–5 614 584, 602, 668, 727, 885, 1010,
4:4d 534 5:3–8 851 1097, 1264, 1316, 1319, 1694, 1702
4:5 167, 190, 194, 202, 247, 253, 5:4 471 5:12–13 491, 510n1
469, 510n1, 513, 519, 522, 525, 5:4–5 194 5:12a 584
528, 542, 590, 614, 738, 747, 755, 5:4a 585 5:13 194, 294, 399, 466, 512, 514,
989, 1236 516, 534, 539, 541, 544, 602, 603,
5:5 154, 202, 273, 427, 434, 476, 666, 713, 885, 897, 1161, 1235,
4:5–6 1700 491, 505, 512, 514, 518, 520, 578,
4:5a 518, 525–526 1546, 1604, 1628
708, 712, 849, 851, 1020
4:5b 518, 526 5:13–14 424, 512, 584
5:5–6 493, 713, 714
4:6 513, 519, 521–523, 528, 531, 5:13a 851
5:5–7 502, 687
544, 1017, 1606, 1628, 1667 5:13b 593, 603, 851
5:5–10 1020
4:6–7 188 5:14 510n1, 514, 520, 530, 532,
5:5b 579, 586, 587, 588 534, 535, 541, 593, 603, 1017, 1481
4:6–8 550 5:6 84, 116, 153, 186–188, 190,
4:6a 518, 527 5:15 1578
242–243, 257, 259, 261, 270, 290,
4:6b 520, 525, 530 297, 310, 342, 348, 351, 399, 412, 5:19 450
4:6b–7 528, 689 429, 466, 469, 510n1, 519, 529, 5:19–26 450
4:7 513, 528, 769, 772, 849, 1194 530, 532, 542, 545, 546, 581, 590, 5:20 450, 1578
596, 668, 712, 730, 738, 821, 845, 5:20–21 655
4:8 131, 321–322, 510n1, 514, 519, 859, 885, 1010, 1020, 1059, 1064,
527–528, 530, 533, 535, 539, 544, 5:21 450
1097, 1167, 1264, 1316, 1319, 1606,
978, 1009, 1052, 1314, 1339, 1522, 1686, 1702 5:22 450
1606 5:23 450
5:6–7 253, 1604
4:8–9 1522 5:26 450
5:6–10 81, 533
4:8–10 530 5:40 1116
5:6–13 1291, 1556
4:8–11 184, 542 6 150
5:6a 587, 592
4:8a 530 6–19 205
5:6c 590, 591
4:8c 532 6:1 187, 194, 243, 259, 348, 372,
5:6ff 341
4:8d 533, 536, 539 399, 466, 519, 530, 532, 545, 612,
5:7 201, 512, 516–517, 530, 541, 614, 742, 776, 821, 973
4:8e 525, 531, 533 544–545, 553, 591–592, 603, 742,
4:9 198, 201, 294, 516, 531, 534– 851, 1534 6:1–2 615
535, 539, 541, 544, 602, 859, 1315, 5:8 190, 193, 310, 466, 520, 530, 6:1–7 1014
1694 532, 534–535, 541, 544, 591, 594, 6:1–8 188, 667, 688, 700, 752
4:10 198, 514, 516, 520, 534, 541, 743, 885, 978, 999, 1008, 1070, 6:1–8:1 171, 510
544, 593, 793, 978, 999, 1235, 1080, 1297, 1562, 1597, 1678 6:1–16:21 174
1315, 1481, 1678 5:8–9 290, 1059 6:1–17 1534
4:10–11 510n1, 523, 1008 5:8–10 535 6:1a 613
4:10a 534, 535 5:8–14 527 6:1b 614
4:10b 531, 535 5:8a 593 6:1ff 148, 257, 509, 515, 517, 584,
4:10c 534 5:8b 594 596
4:11 196, 493, 519, 527, 532, 534, 5:8ff 974 6:2 186, 427, 443, 473, 606, 608,
535, 539, 584, 602, 856, 897, 1027, 612, 614, 619, 777, 793, 897, 1066,
1064, 1628, 1649, 1694 5:9 223, 259, 293, 491, 510n1, 514,
533, 536, 545, 581, 584, 587–589, 1092
4:11a–b, 536 595, 602, 605, 613, 687, 709, 720, 6:2–3 616
4:11b 536 730, 868, 1064, 1164, 1167, 1204, 6:2–4 150, 609
4:11c 539 1491, 1534, 1642, 1694, 1753 6:2–8 141, 195
4:12 1578 5:9–10 434, 493, 510n1, 540, 6:2–17 607
4:21 1116 1027
6:2b 616
5 126 5:9–12 343
6:2ff 253
5:1 201–202, 205, 243, 251, 253, 5:9a 595
6:3 194, 545, 973
257, 516–517, 541, 544, 550, 578, 5:9b 596
713, 821, 851, 1235, 1518, 1637 6:3–4 1243
5:9c 596
5:1–3 844 6:4 195, 346, 358, 545, 613, 616,
5:9d 599 618, 777, 1485
5:1–5 512 5:10 256, 282, 293, 299, 512, 518, 6:4–6 403
5:1–6 545 731, 943, 1074, 1564, 1584, 1588,
6:4a 619
5:1–9 850 1630, 1683, 1692, 1725
6:4b 619–620
5:1–10 126 5:10a 596, 599
6:4c 619
5:1–17 872 5:10b 599
6:5 545, 619, 821, 973
5:1a 542, 543 5:11 133, 186, 520, 534, 542, 649,
713, 769, 821, 1008, 1017, 1026 6:5–6 608, 609, 618, 756
5:1ff 132

6:5–7 194 6:14a 679 7:8b 699

6:5a 622 6:14b 666, 680 7:9 152, 198, 280, 299, 399, 466,
6:5b 623 6:15 260, 262, 264, 281–282, 627, 473, 473n44, 500, 501, 587, 648,
6:6 577, 613, 626, 755 645, 684, 687, 1691 689, 702, 704, 710, 712, 714–715,
6:15–16 680 719, 727, 743, 868, 998, 1132, 1164,
6:6a 625 1543, 1562, 1571, 1597, 1676, 1694,
6:6b 625 6:15–17 260, 591 1753
6:6c 627 6:15a 682 7:9–8:1 863
6:7 545, 628, 973 6:15b 683 7:9–10 261, 348, 719, 1027, 1462,
6:8 126, 167, 186, 195, 348, 606, 6:16 188, 197, 198, 334, 348, 516, 1606, 1642
608, 613, 618–619, 628–629, 631, 519, 525, 544–545, 554, 630, 684, 7:9–12 852
750–751, 755–756, 777, 780, 811, 742, 859, 980, 1330, 1361, 1604,
1605 7:9–17 197, 612, 688, 707, 870
885, 967, 1074, 1195, 1376
6:16–17 517, 584, 588, 608–609, 7:9c 720, 728
6:8a 629
623 7:9d 723
6:8c 629–630
6:16a 273, 683 7:9ff 974
6:9 162, 186, 193, 241, 319, 320,
545, 590, 608, 633, 647, 665, 668, 6:16b 685 7:10 194, 290, 516, 544, 713, 725,
687, 821, 922, 934, 935, 1070, 6:17 174, 333–334, 613, 673, 684, 726, 1604
1091, 1491, 1565, 1567–1568, 1655 859, 980, 983, 1406, 1524 7:10–12 196
6:9–10 150, 198, 755, 805, 1281, 6:17–18 647 7:11 270, 520, 530, 532, 534–535,
1493, 1498 6:17b 686, 696 593, 978, 1464, 1481
6:9–11 45, 49, 234, 290, 325, 546, 6:19c 982 7:11–12 532
592, 594, 608–609, 612, 664, 687, 6:40 450 7:11a 726
700, 714, 738, 743, 760, 767, 855, 7:11b 726
967, 981, 982, 1046, 1086, 1283, 6ff, 81
7:1 23, 112, 607, 656, 696, 707, 711, 7:12 290–291, 534, 602, 713, 726,
1311, 1400, 1457, 1459, 1486, 1493, 1694
1534–1535, 1552, 1577, 1581, 1583, 713, 998
1613, 1752, 1754, 1762 7:1–2 530 7:13 473, 473n44, 520, 532, 1008,
1151
6:9–17 612, 752 7:1–3 695, 700
7:13–14 248, 473, 501, 648, 713,
6:9a 633 7:1–4 952 728, 893, 1462
6:10 194, 235, 302, 392, 412, 475, 7:1–8 597, 612, 633, 688, 697, 703, 7:13–17 241, 263
486, 525, 533, 579, 595, 608, 623, 879, 908, 1543
635, 639, 642, 644, 649, 667, 725, 7:13a 727
7:1–9 857
744, 754, 774–775, 811, 860, 981– 7:13b 727, 731
7:1–17 171, 629, 852
982, 985, 1026, 1465–1466, 1471, 7:14 81, 87, 152, 185, 259, 317, 348,
7:1a 688 358, 399, 466, 484, 500, 521, 533,
1493, 1555, 1561, 1738
7:1b 689 545–547, 588, 723, 734, 856, 1010,
6:10–11 464, 589, 646, 1063,
1070, 1098, 1297, 1471, 1499, 1562 7:1c 691 1014, 1020, 1080, 1151, 1206, 1354,
6:10–11 319 7:1ff 809 1491–1492, 1556, 1606, 1646, 1746
6:10a 634, 694 7:2 194, 348, 353, 713, 725, 777, 7:14a 727
1515, 1534, 1537 7:14b 721, 728, 804
6:10b 637
7:2–3 1225 7:14c 730
6:11 150, 235, 302, 473, 473n44,
484, 500–501, 645, 648, 667, 687, 7:2–4 689, 1685 7:15 193, 198, 270, 489, 510, 516,
711, 860, 1070, 1188, 1340, 1482, 7:2–8 1535 527, 544, 731, 1070, 1175, 1206,
1493, 1568, 1569, 1738 7:2a 691, 693 1212, 1276, 1562, 1603, 1742
6:11a 647 7:2b 694 7:15a 730–731, 733, 1467
6:11b 648 7:3 694, 696, 706, 713, 781 7:15b 731
6:11c 649, 687, 952 7:3–4 280, 781 7:16 131, 690, 725, 1206
6:12 186–187, 545, 606, 613, 671, 7:3a 694 7:16–17 20, 493, 732, 733n22
680, 700, 936, 966, 967 7:3b 695 7:17 348, 399, 466, 587, 733, 765,
6:12–7:1 126 1276, 1412, 1468, 1476, 1562, 1646,
7:4 23, 195, 311, 576, 702, 708, 1706
6:12–13 112, 546, 608, 673, 687, 714–715, 1016, 1597, 1680
1624 7:17a 733
7:4–7 533
6:12–14 608, 668, 1100, 1628, 7:17b 473, 725
7:4–8 78, 523, 703, 705, 707, 709,
1689 713, 717, 721, 852, 870, 895, 992, 7:17c 131, 734
6:12–17 167, 687, 688, 690, 735, 999, 1001, 1037, 1148, 1156, 1160, 7:20–43 1115
738, 744, 1161, 1518, 1542 1489, 1496, 1675 7:26 1031
6:12a 665–666, 672 7:4–9 713 7:36 1685
6:12b 666, 673 7:4a 699, 700 7:38–39 1616
6:12c 666 7:4b 700, 707–708 7:39 1112
6:12ff 843 7:4c 701 7:41b 1112
6:13 150, 352, 608, 666, 673, 676, 7:4ff 777 7:42–43 1112
695, 1002 7:5 708, 1685 7:47–48 1685
6:14 543, 673, 676, 1112, 1181, 7:5–8 701, 708 7:48 1031
1330, 1605
7:5a 699 7:49–50 1685
6:14–16 608
7:8 23 7:58–59 655
6:14–17 686

7:104 111 8:13 173, 281, 336, 352, 471, 486, 9:13–19 753
8:1 195, 510, 613, 656, 687, 738, 638, 769, 805, 821, 823, 971, 994, 9:13–21 1038, 1535
742, 747, 749–750, 844, 851, 852, 1759 9:13a 781, 805
973 8:13a 769, 771–773, 804 9:13b 805
8:1–2 852 8:13b 773–774 9:13ff 796, 843
8:1–5 126, 168, 738 8:13c 774–775 9:14 168, 807–810, 972, 1570
8:1–6 545 8:13ff 550 9:14–15 530, 808
8:1–11:19 752 8:35–36 450 9:15 781, 807, 811, 1009
8:1a 735 8:36 450 9:15–19 808
8:1b 736 9:1 188, 776, 778, 804, 844, 972, 9:15a 810, 811
8:1ff 843 1544, 1548, 1549
9:15b 802, 811
8:2 155, 171, 194, 520, 612, 746, 9:1–2 768, 1007
9:15ff 792
1132 9:1–3 801, 1546
9:16 713, 803, 808, 811–812
8:2–3 777, 778, 1225 9:1–11 751, 753, 910, 1022, 1038,
1369 9:16–19 805
8:2–5 510, 738
9:1–12 774 9:16a 811, 821
8:2–11:19 171
9:1–21 752 9:16b 820, 821
8:2a 738
9:1a 775, 777 9:16b–17 821
8:2b 739
9:1b 777, 802 9:17 188, 792, 795, 804, 821, 825
8:3 193, 197, 257, 737, 738, 743,
749, 805, 889, 1236, 1297 9:2 168, 333, 776, 778, 1217, 1219, 9:17–18 1206
8:3–4 190, 594, 755, 981, 1070 1367 9:17a 811, 821
8:3–5 525, 544, 738, 739, 1276, 9:2–3 780 9:17b 821, 829
1400, 1498, 1562 9:2–6 776 9:17c 821, 823
8:3a 741–742 9:2a 776, 777 9:17d 822
8:3b 743 9:3 799, 821 9:17d–18 825
8:3c 743–744 9:3–6 805 9:18 751, 781, 802, 811, 828, 1009
8:4 225, 744, 1466 9:3a 779 9:19 792
8:4a 743–744 9:3b 780 9:19a 828
8:4ff 533 9:4 313, 629, 696, 699, 781, 795, 9:19b 799, 828
8:5 126, 167, 187, 193–195, 202, 804, 829, 852 9:20 305, 358, 456, 459, 471, 693,
270, 510, 526, 736, 737–738, 742– 9:4a 780, 781 802, 829, 1101, 1119, 1181, 1307,
743, 747, 749, 755, 855, 889, 966, 9:4b 780 1586, 1741
989, 1236 9:5 393, 785, 787, 789, 795, 799, 9:20–21 602
8:5a 744–745 807, 825, 830, 1003, 1217 9:20a 836
8:5b 746 9:5–10 808 9:20b 831, 835
8:6 353, 612, 736, 750 9:5a 781–782 9:20c 835
8:6–7 739, 852 9:5b 782, 800 9:21 363, 416, 655, 837, 839, 840,
8:6–9:21 687 9:5c 785 970, 1454, 1464, 1657, 1746
8:6–11:15 165, 1197 9:6 629, 1605 9:21–10:1 852
8:6ff 736, 746 9:7 195, 792, 821, 1485, 1526 9:31–32 755
8:7 168, 188, 629, 738, 751, 753, 9:7–10 1249 10 347
755, 852, 951, 972 9:7a 791, 793, 795 10:1 94, 171, 226, 257, 513, 518,
8:7–9:21 129 691, 741, 755, 775, 846, 850, 854–
9:7b 791, 793–794 855, 870, 872, 1399, 1442, 1515,
8:7–12 631, 750–752, 755, 774, 9:8 792, 821
1009 1533, 1535, 1537, 1547–1548, 1630
9:8a 791 10:1–2 579
8:7c 745, 755
9:8b 795 10:1–3 1633
8:7ff 533, 1195
9:9 771, 792, 821, 838, 1485, 1526 10:1–11:14 687, 852, 922, 991
8:8 168, 353, 759, 760, 762, 844,
951, 972 9:9a 795 10:1–11:19 175
8:8–9 762, 1200, 1371 9:9b 798 10:1a 844, 846
8:8–11 751 9:10 792, 799, 800, 821, 825, 828, 10:1b 846
830, 1217 10:1c 847
8:8–12 167
9:11 155, 282, 399, 776, 778, 954, 10:1ff 241
8:8a 745, 749, 758 1316, 1546, 1763
8:8b–9 761 10:2 132, 851–852, 854–855, 867,
9:11a 800 872, 1005, 1155
8:9 753, 755, 1567 9:11b 800, 801
8:10 168, 753, 844, 972 10:2a 850
9:12 171, 719, 774, 781, 802, 804, 10:2b 852
8:10–11 1698 821, 823, 971, 994, 1022
8:10a 745, 763 10:3 202, 236, 243, 851, 1366
9:13 193–194, 198, 270, 590n53,
8:10b 764 804–805, 821, 830, 835, 971, 972, 10:3–4 854
8:11 765, 794 1297 10:3a 849, 854
8:11–13 1105 9:13–14 802, 844 10:3b 854
8:12 168, 188, 673, 751, 753–754, 9:13–15 776 10:4 92, 194, 236, 335, 585, 854–
767, 844, 972, 1002, 1181, 1624 9:13–16 805 855, 868

10:5 579, 852, 854–855, 857, 1155 11:2a 914 11:11b 963
10:5–6 353, 922 11:2b 874, 881, 914, 978 11:12 187, 964–965, 994–995,
10:5–6a 856 11:2b–13 862 1607
10:5–7 543 11:3 85, 241, 424, 456, 494, 546, 11:13 187, 471, 473, 593, 602, 671,
10:6 236, 493, 534, 539, 579, 648, 850, 871, 885, 888, 921–922, 923, 886, 966, 986, 1241, 1472
855, 858–859, 861, 868, 879, 897, 931, 934–936, 951, 959, 984–985, 11:13a 966
971, 982, 1063, 1315, 1537 992, 995, 1015, 1032, 1391, 1539, 11:13b 967
10:6–7 857 1562 11:13c 967
10:6a 851 11:3–4 884 11:13d 963, 969
10:6b 851, 859, 950, 1043, 1169 11:3–7 883, 985 11:14 171, 173, 774, 804, 870, 970,
10:7 351, 535, 711, 853, 861, 879, 11:3–8 582 971, 994, 995
908, 975, 1046, 1261, 1273, 1311, 11:3–10 1124 11:15 165–166, 168, 198, 226, 262,
1537, 1736 11:3–12 633, 688, 871 282, 291, 294, 298, 353, 399, 493,
10:7a 860 11:3–13 872 510, 518, 534, 582, 587, 687, 738,
10:7b 859, 860 11:3–14a, 1046 747, 852, 854, 860, 862, 865,
869–870, 930, 971, 975, 989, 991,
10:8 851, 852, 855, 868 11:4 910, 937, 948, 1096, 1130, 994, 1004, 1013, 1027–1028, 1064,
10:8–9 851 1132 1381, 1471, 1493, 1550
10:8–11 1518 11:5 515, 921, 931, 935, 947, 948, 11:15–17 461, 535, 864
10:8a 864 950, 1128, 1129, 1495
11:15–18 129, 753, 974
10:8b 865 11:5–6 185, 910, 929, 930
11:15–19 167, 774, 852
10:9 240, 393, 846, 864, 867, 868 11:5a 939
11:15a 972, 973
10:9–10 865 11:6 154, 924, 935
11:15b 915, 973–974, 977, 979
10:9–11 1043 11:6a 950
11:15c 977, 1028
10:9b 865 11:6b 950
11:15ff 965, 1471
10:10b 865 11:6b–c, 940
11:16 154, 532, 593, 888, 973, 977,
10:10c 865 11:6c 951 999, 1008, 1314, 1339, 1481, 1563
10:11 19, 160, 183, 188, 262, 347, 11:7 237, 241, 261, 427, 467, 535, 11:16–18 197, 520
423, 514, 515, 720, 832, 850, 853, 546, 778, 869, 882, 921, 935, 952,
954, 995, 1065, 1212, 1474, 1491, 11:17 290, 533, 539, 602, 994,
861, 864, 868, 872, 996, 1042, 1009, 1052, 1316, 1471–1472, 1755
1064, 1163, 1261, 1694 1523–1524, 1539, 1546, 1562, 1584,
1640, 1655 11:17–18 738, 1219
10:11a 867 11:17a 978
11:7–8 290, 301
10:11b 865, 868 11:17b 973, 979, 1028
11:7–12 1518
10:23–28 1759 11:18 225, 301, 413, 711, 774, 860,
11:7a 922, 951
10:26–39 403 930–931, 983, 1064, 1708, 1736
11:8 70, 158, 223, 242, 282, 289,
11:1 28, 193, 310, 697, 850, 852, 315, 424, 460, 518, 533, 545, 564, 11:18a 979, 980
864, 868, 873, 884, 886, 915, 1016, 577, 646, 747, 752, 767, 778, 825, 11:18b 981, 1028
1046, 1069, 1128, 1160, 1271, 1441, 831, 840, 848, 850, 868, 883, 887,
1481 11:18c 983, 984, 985
892, 894–895, 923, 935–936, 11:18d 984
11:1–2 26, 28, 85, 154–155, 203, 940, 947n111, 948, 951, 958, 960,
270, 317, 466–467, 489, 497, 518, 975, 978, 1015–1016, 1024, 1027, 11:19 81, 94, 167, 193, 194, 195,
525, 579, 582, 646, 777, 846, 857, 1031–1032, 1101, 1163, 1172–1173, 298, 489, 510, 525, 582, 738, 741,
866, 870–871, 873–874, 879–880, 1188, 1189, 1212, 1214, 1217–1218, 747, 749, 855, 879, 886, 988–989,
883, 886–887, 892, 895, 908, 1224, 1241, 1260, 1263, 1265–1266, 992, 994, 997, 998, 1193, 1236,
916–917, 952, 955, 958, 988, 992, 1271, 1306, 1307, 1416, 1418, 1443, 1471, 1484, 1629
1001, 1027, 1032, 1124, 1193, 1212, 1463, 1566, 1594, 1602, 1637, 1677, 11:19–12:1 1008
1399, 1418, 1444, 1471, 1472, 1518, 1698, 1722 11:19a 379, 988
1528, 1620, 1640, 1643, 1672, 1678, 11:8a 954 11:19c 989, 990
1695, 1746
11:8b 955 12:1 187–188, 529, 591, 712, 793,
11:1–2a 862, 978 994, 997–998, 1001, 1004, 1007,
11:8c 954
11:1–6 991 1016, 1032, 1036, 1037, 1100, 1187,
11:9 188, 311, 312, 709, 720, 868,
11:1–7 1165 885–886, 935, 961, 1064 1273
11:1–13 870 11:9–13 934 12:1–2 522, 707, 1012, 1027
11:1a 871–872, 888 11:9a 958, 959 12:1–5 997, 1046
11:1a–b, 871 11:9b 958–960 12:1–6 239, 872
11:1b 874, 891, 892, 893, 895 11:10 281, 424, 486, 546, 642, 12:1–15:8 971
11:2 27, 28, 150–151, 169, 193, 298, 645, 774, 885, 921, 935, 939, 948, 12:1a 997, 1002, 1004
417, 424, 452, 545, 600, 749, 853, 960–961, 995, 1746 12:1b 998
857, 868, 872, 879, 881–883, 886– 11:10a 638 12:1c 1002
889, 891, 893, 896, 913, 915, 919,
921, 923, 930, 935–936, 943, 948, 11:10b 638, 962–963 12:1ff 168
959, 972, 984, 985, 1015, 1021, 11:10c 930 12:2 999, 1000, 1002–1004, 1011,
1028, 1046, 1064, 1069, 1103, 11:11 429 1021, 1023, 1546
1184, 1214, 1236, 1271, 1360, 1519, 11:11–12 506, 921, 965 12:2–5 1040
1539, 1629, 1699, 1708 11:11–13 930, 970 12:3 94, 590, 619, 954, 994, 996–
11:2–3 932, 939, 1071 11:11a 960 997, 1006, 1013, 1016, 1025, 1027,
1035, 1187, 1489

12:3–4 801, 854 922, 934–935, 1010, 1020, 1031– 1087, 1134, 1144, 1145, 1211, 1453,
12:3–4a 995 1032, 1080, 1095, 1166, 1264, 1316, 1563
12:3a 998, 1004, 1007 1493, 1547, 1552, 1555–1556, 1562, 13:2–5 1211
1567, 1583, 1584, 1655 13:2a 1054
12:3b 998, 1005, 1035
12:11b 1021 13:2b 374, 954, 1035, 1056, 1067,
12:4 274, 535, 994, 1007–1008,
1027, 1035, 1087, 1124 12:12 47, 253, 533, 577, 731, 804, 1088, 1209, 1210, 1226
853, 971, 994–995, 1014, 1019, 13:3 429, 545, 629, 1049, 1054,
12:4–5 1000, 1021 1065, 1371, 1439, 1522, 1545, 1678
12:4a 1004, 1006–1007 1062, 1065, 1086, 1146, 1319, 1336
12:12–13 801 13:3a 1059, 1062
12:4b 995, 1005, 1009, 1021 12:12a 1034
12:4d 1095 13:3b 1064, 1066
12:12b 1022, 1034–1035 13:4 142, 358, 439, 442, 803,
12:5 128, 288, 466, 484, 707, 733, 12:12c 1023, 1028, 1032, 1035
949, 995, 1001, 1003–1004, 1012, 1046, 1059, 1066, 1099, 1103, 1312,
1017, 1020, 1023, 1064, 1094– 12:12d 1022 1536, 1540, 1567, 1741
1495, 1563, 1603 12:13 399, 619, 777, 1008, 1035– 13:4–5 1334
12:5–6 1019n19, 1094 1036, 1039, 1095, 1566 13:4a 374
12:5a 1010 12:13–15 1103 13:4b 1065
12:5b 1011, 1013, 1021–1022 12:13–16 995, 1095 13:4c 1065, 1066
12:5c 1010, 1013, 1025 12:13–17 995 13:5 133, 782, 928, 936, 1056,
12:6 161, 484, 697, 707, 934, 936, 12:14 161, 531, 769, 770, 1005, 1067–1068, 1084, 1086, 1095,
995, 1008, 1014, 1016, 1032, 1034, 1019, 1034, 1036, 1539 1098, 1099, 1226, 1539, 1588, 1612
1036, 1038, 1040, 1046, 1095 12:14–16 707, 1014, 1040 13:5–7 1146, 1367, 1458
12:6a 1022 12:14–17 484 13:5a 1067, 1070
12:6b 1022 12:14a 1037 13:5b 1068, 1069, 1070, 1071,
12:7 189, 442, 738, 971, 994, 995, 12:14b 1037 1073
998, 1007, 1020, 1025–1026, 1029, 12:14c 1037–1038 13:6 190, 646, 731, 934, 1068,
1088, 1526, 1545 12:15 399, 493, 995, 1005, 1008, 1070, 1084, 1099, 1100
12:7–8 1545 1039, 1041, 1226, 1495 13:6–7 1008
12:7–8a 1023 12:15–16 1039 13:6a–b, 1069
12:7–9 726, 1013, 1030, 1549 12:17 241, 243, 471, 619, 801, 888, 13:6b 1065
12:7–10 1096 922, 934, 995, 1000–1001, 1008, 13:6c 1069, 1070
12:7–11 1030 1014, 1021, 1037, 1041, 1045, 1049, 13:6n, 1439
1071, 1098, 1493, 1526, 1539 13:7 225, 237, 311–312, 427, 651,
12:7–12 995, 1008, 1022, 1046
12:17–13:1–2 1039 664, 709–710, 720, 782, 868, 953,
12:7a 1016, 1017
12:17–19 872 1037, 1045–1046, 1049, 1050,
12:7b 1016 1056, 1067, 1068, 1069, 1070,
12:17b 1046, 1477
12:7ff 1545 1083, 1084–1085, 1095, 1098,
12:18 1048
12:8 471, 994, 1017, 1023 1099, 1312, 1343, 1351, 1523–1524,
12:18–13:1 1628 1539, 1584
12:8–9 998, 1007
12:23 533 13:7–8 141, 188, 642, 646
12:8a 1019n19
12:27 1020 13:7–10 1146
12:9 155, 236, 274, 329, 358, 420,
801, 803, 844, 997, 1004–1005, 12:28 1758 13:7a 1069, 1071, 1074
1021, 1025, 1027, 1028, 1031–1032, 12:31 1020 13:7b 1074
1035, 1038, 1064, 1065, 1088, 12:32 1020 13:8 202, 261, 270, 281, 297, 348,
1103, 1130, 1145, 1536, 1540, 1545, 12:42 1031 374, 412, 429, 466, 474, 486, 533,
1546, 1585, 1617, 1678 12:45 1022 545, 546, 638, 668, 774, 851, 974,
12:9–10 1555 13:1 261, 374, 439, 529, 590, 710, 983, 1010, 1064–1065, 1070, 1080,
12:9a 1023, 1026 853, 954, 994, 996, 1006, 1045, 1081, 1086, 1097, 1103, 1152, 1264,
12:9b 1009, 1023 1057, 1081, 1084, 1087, 1099–1100, 1291, 1314, 1316, 1319, 1323, 1412,
12:9c 1023, 1026 1124, 1128, 1158, 1249, 1312, 1321, 1567, 1696, 1702, 1741
12:9d 1024 1344, 1348, 1371, 1489, 1536, 1545, 13:8a 1080
1627 13:8b 1080
12:10 194, 226, 236, 399, 548,
726, 994, 998, 1013, 1018, 1020, 13:1–2 171, 189, 591, 619, 803, 13:9 1081, 1083, 1145
1024, 1027–1029, 1035, 1088, 1008, 1035, 1323, 1519 13:9–10 1063
1095, 1166, 1175, 1482, 1493 13:1–3 1540 13:10 31, 86, 195, 301, 327, 346,
12:10–11 1063, 1546 13:1–4 1319 416, 435, 454, 484, 511, 536, 985,
12:10–12 196, 1028 13:1–7 707, 1190 1068, 1074, 1083, 1085, 1457, 1565,
12:10a 1026, 1027–1028 13:1–10 205, 1094 1597
12:10b 1021, 1032, 1070 13:1–11 1275 13:10a 1082–1083
12:10c 1030, 1088 13:1a 1046–1047, 1087 13:10b 1069, 1081–1082, 1371,
13:1b 1046, 1049 1658
12:10d 1088
13:1c 1049 13:10c 1084, 1086
12:11 75, 84, 153, 223, 241, 253,
256, 261, 273, 290, 310, 319, 348, 13:1ff 467 13:11 590, 853, 885, 994, 1006,
349, 354, 357, 393, 412, 416, 427, 1035, 1048, 1087, 1089, 1100, 1103,
13:2 439, 849, 1042, 1046–1047, 1109, 1130, 1215, 1226, 1319, 1540,
429, 435, 440, 454, 466, 484, 533, 1049–1050, 1054, 1059, 1072,
536, 545, 546, 588, 619, 629, 730, 1698
13:11–12 189

13:11–15 1157 14:2 194–195, 270, 345, 1071, 14:17–20 688, 1190
13:11–18 1080, 1094, 1125, 1156, 1160, 1233 14:18 240, 270
1192 14:2ff 974 14:18a 1184
13:11–20 1190 14:3 198, 257, 280, 520, 534, 595, 14:19 1174
13:11a 1087, 1154 597, 707, 1158, 1164, 1583 14:19–20 1495, 1497
13:11b 1087, 1088, 1226 14:3–4 81, 197, 533 14:20 345, 950, 1681
13:11c 1175 14:3–5 983 14:27 829
13:11f 1043 14:3a 1161 14:41 475
13:11ff 420, 1169, 1174, 1189, 1214, 14:3b 1161 15:1 251, 687, 739, 855, 997, 1206,
1500, 1505 14:4 188, 348, 351, 399, 425–426, 1253, 1362, 1366, 1380, 1391, 1396,
13:12 86, 281, 429, 486, 629, 638, 466, 576, 597, 717–718, 793, 1081, 1407, 1514, 1527, 1530–1531, 1708
774, 833, 1070, 1088–1089, 1103, 1153, 1180, 1475, 1562, 1654 15:1–4 1189, 1192
1226, 1314, 1540, 1555, 1567, 1741 14:4–5 416, 435, 454, 484, 536 15:1–16:21 165, 168, 752
13:12–18 1101 14:4–10 545 15:1–18:24 1481
13:12a 1069, 1088, 1095, 1128 14:4a 1162 15:1a 1187
13:12b 1088, 1099, 1103, 1154, 14:4b 1160, 1163 15:1ff 533
1453 14:4c 706, 1164, 1183 15:2 358, 427, 596, 1206, 1391,
13:12c 1122 14:5 87, 392, 471, 1165, 1304 1584, 1628
13:13 997, 1123, 1124, 1128, 1130 14:6 171, 311–312, 486, 587, 638, 15:2–4 193, 633, 688, 1008
13:13–14 1184, 1369 642, 646, 720, 772, 774, 923, 994, 15:2b 1190
13:13–16 1267 1065, 1080, 1168, 1693, 1708
15:2ff 974, 994
13:13a 1090 14:6–7 293, 1018, 1171
15:3 152, 154, 282, 321, 466, 533,
13:13ff 997 14:6–11 240, 994 539, 596, 711, 1009, 1052, 1084,
13:14 274, 420, 429, 486, 774, 997, 14:6–12 126 1188, 1190–1192, 1468, 1478, 1527,
1070, 1088, 1089, 1090, 1131, 1215, 14:6–20 1156, 1178 1755
1455, 1536, 1540, 1545–1555, 1580 14:6a 1166 15:3–4 81, 424, 511, 747, 1064,
13:14–15 1154, 1453 14:6b 1166 1753
13:14a 638, 1130, 1139, 1226 14:7 493, 525, 539, 540, 602, 1169, 15:3–5 1187
13:14b 638, 1133, 1137 1741 15:3–7 1253
13:14b–17 420 14:7–20 1181 15:3a 131
13:15 1103, 1205, 1312, 1314, 1334, 14:7ff 341 15:4 270, 472, 533, 602, 1478,
1555, 1567, 1571, 1656, 1741 14:8 155, 168, 261, 353, 579, 582, 1481, 1695, 1708
13:15a 1134 1064, 1171–1172, 1175, 1252, 1378, 15:4c 1192, 1478
13:15b 374, 1069, 1136, 1137 1379, 1474, 1657, 1672, 1708 15:5 359, 489, 689, 731, 1193,
13:15b–17 1139 14:9 1334, 1724 1248, 1300, 1484, 1527
13:16 450, 627, 868, 1174 14:9–11 1085, 1171 15:5–7 1276
13:16–17 374, 1724 14:9a 1174 15:5–8 1407
13:16–18 1158 14:10 259, 399, 466, 533, 545, 15:5–16:7 1231
13:16a 1138 588, 826, 1174, 1194, 1380 15:5–16:21 510
13:16n, 1138 14:11 490, 534, 676, 778, 1003, 15:6 270, 343, 489, 1018, 1197,
1466, 1724 1248, 1250, 1297, 1300, 1396, 1478,
13:17 490, 1138, 1142, 1146, 1148,
1453 14:11–13 290, 294 1701
13:17–18 1160 14:12 31, 169, 223, 248, 327, 363, 15:6–7 1267, 1302, 1361
426, 454, 511, 985, 1085, 1175– 15:6–8 739
13:17a 1069, 1140 1176, 1457, 1493, 1597
13:18 31, 1057, 1146, 1147, 15:6a 1193
14:12–13 1171 15:6b 1194
1152–1154
14:12b 1658 15:7 189, 294, 343, 532, 534, 544,
13:18a 1143
14:13 87, 194, 245, 348–349, 391, 594, 1194, 1315, 1380
13:18b 1144 450, 457, 981, 983, 1008, 1156,
13:20 450 15:8 270, 489, 1178, 1196, 1235,
1176–1177, 1479, 1564, 1581, 1582, 1300, 1391, 1396, 1468, 1638
13:32–35 581 1653, 1739
15:8a 1594
13:45 928 14:13a 244
15:14b 1234
13:46b–47 928 14:14 171, 340, 399, 642, 741, 793,
844, 846, 994, 1168, 1179, 1182, 15:18 1193
14:1 152, 259, 444, 466, 488, 490,
491, 523, 532, 694, 699, 707, 710, 1485, 1518, 1570 16:1 189, 320–322, 489, 739, 857,
760, 845, 994, 1037, 1070, 1138– 14:14–15 845 905, 994, 1188, 1200, 1205, 1213,
1139, 1158–1160, 1164, 1190, 1252, 1248, 1250, 1253, 1302, 1366,
14:14–16 187, 1553 1468, 1527
1304–1305, 1468, 1562, 1595, 14:14–20 167, 184, 1015, 1177
1664 16:1–2 1207, 1230, 1246, 1350,
14:15 193, 194, 240, 270, 353, 489, 1380
14:1–4 717, 857 615n4, 846, 1178, 1179
14:1–5 709, 1157 16:1–4 594
14:15–16a, 1183 16:1–21 1407
14:1–6 633, 688 14:15–20 1171
14:1a 706, 1156 16:1a 1196, 1197
14:15a 1178 16:1b 1197
14:1b 1309 14:17 193, 489, 1184

16:2 168, 753, 1190, 1198, 1213, 16:17–20 1532 1228, 1267, 1283, 1291, 1293, 1294,
1214, 1250, 1334, 1724 16:17–21 167, 753, 1272, 1518 1298, 1301, 1308, 1317, 1358, 1434,
16:2–5 1391 16:17b 1235 1444, 1657
16:2a 1198 16:17c 1196 17:4–5 273, 1304, 1383, 1386
16:2b 1199 16:17ff 1264 17:4–6 1194, 1717
16:3 167, 168, 529, 631, 753, 1195, 16:18 194, 202, 671, 738, 747, 855, 17:4b 1306, 1381, 1478
1371, 1567 967, 989, 1220 17:5 413, 577, 639, 1285, 1303,
16:3b 1200, 1201, 1202 16:18–19 529, 1242 1304, 1318, 1637, 1722
16:4 529, 753, 1202, 1698 16:18–21 167 17:5–6 922
16:5 511, 525, 546, 978, 1198, 16:18a 1236 17:5ff 275
1205, 1339, 1478 16:18b 1239 17:6 101, 175, 223, 241, 290, 319,
16:5–6 301 339, 494, 546, 579, 650, 714, 754,
16:19 163, 170, 198, 261, 579, 1172, 767, 922, 982, 985, 1098, 1100,
16:5–7 535, 1161, 1463 1174, 1217, 1242–1243, 1257, 1266, 1101, 1151, 1174, 1188, 1268, 1276,
16:5a 1203 1366, 1380, 1383, 1495, 1496, 1703 1283, 1301, 1306, 1313, 1365, 1380,
16:6 237, 319, 412, 533, 546, 754, 16:19–17:1 580 1381, 1382, 1478, 1552, 1555, 1657,
885, 916, 982, 985, 1098, 1100, 16:19–19:3 1503 1698, 1723, 1755
1161, 1194, 1205, 1274, 1311, 1698 16:19–21 738 17:6–7 194, 893
16:6b 1204 16:19a 1241 17:6–8 201
16:7 193, 321, 392, 511, 525, 533, 16:19b 1242, 1369 17:6a 1306, 1307, 1308, 1309,
539, 806, 1009, 1052, 1209, 1478 1318
16:19c 1241, 1248
16:7a 1205 17:6b 1312, 1325
16:20 529, 631, 1235, 1249, 1605
16:7b 1205, 1309 17:6c 32, 1318
16:21 187, 526, 747, 989, 1221,
16:8 594, 753, 1205, 1360 1252, 1391, 1396 17:7 590, 1006, 1263, 1270, 1273,
16:8–9 142, 529, 733, 1219 16:25 533 1323, 1326, 1332, 1344, 1500
16:9 297, 602, 639, 1221, 1391, 17 30 17:7–9 263, 1318, 1321
1396 17:7a 32, 1313
17–20 204
16:9a 1205 17:7b 1313
17:1 173–174, 187, 189, 225, 271,
16:9c 1209 353, 450, 516, 525, 577, 579, 580, 17:7b–8 1320
16:10 594, 1181, 1211, 1219, 1267, 594, 739, 922, 957, 1263, 1267, 17:7ff 727
1369, 1391, 1563 1270, 1277, 1313, 1317, 1350–1351, 17:8 202, 281, 429, 474, 486, 546,
16:10–11 753, 1211, 1217 1364, 1365, 1397, 1479, 1637, 1657, 638, 646, 774, 851, 954, 974, 983,
16:10a 1209 1661, 1698 1064, 1080, 1316, 1322, 1336, 1339,
16:10b 1218 17:1–2 260, 419, 582, 1346 1342, 1365, 1412, 1696
16:11 1221, 1745 17:1–3 241, 1080, 1687, 1722 17:8a 1314, 1315, 1317, 1318, 1341
16:12 168, 529, 594, 809, 810, 17:1–6 1224 17:8b 1323–1324
1214, 1230, 1350, 1675 17:1–7 579 17:8d 1315
16:12–14 1219 17:1–15 1628 17:9 155, 282, 351, 1046, 1332,
16:12–16 753, 1522 17:1–18 39 1344, 1724
16:12–17 687 17:1–18:24 1366, 1475 17:9–10 30, 32, 910, 1047, 1049,
16:13 189, 413, 1091, 1156, 1206, 17:1–19:10 1257, 1272, 1318 1057, 1072, 1249
1319, 1537, 1540 17:1–21:8 175 17:9–10a, 190, 758
16:13–14 190, 1103, 1369, 1370, 17:1–22:9 1271 17:9b 1319
1542 17:1a 1269, 1276, 1284 17:9b–10 1324
16:13–15 1588 17:1b 726, 1275, 1312, 1723 17:10 515, 535, 1326, 1332
16:14 23, 174, 282, 322, 814, 978, 17:1c 1277, 1280, 1281 17:10–11 1345
997, 1009, 1052, 1064, 1347, 1381, 17:10a 31
1406, 1504, 1514, 1524, 1525, 1526, 17:1ff 1189, 1391, 1501, 1613
1691 17:2 264, 281–282, 486, 638, 17:11 429, 1057, 1336, 1340, 1341
16:14–15 1495 645–646, 774, 1282, 1283, 1347, 17:11a 1315
1381, 1383, 1385, 1465, 1657, 1691 17:11c 1343
16:14–16 1591
17:2a 1312 17:12 190, 313, 393, 590, 1006,
16:14a 1228
17:2ff 1417 1050, 1365
16:14c 1229
17:3 121, 161, 171, 174, 189, 255– 17:12–14 1347
16:15 86–87, 244–245, 253, 295, 256, 347, 424, 435, 509, 544, 577,
416, 472, 484, 534, 536, 868, 1174, 17:12b 1350
590, 1006, 1057, 1101, 1263, 1270, 17:12c 1335
1479, 1739 1273, 1284, 1305, 1312, 1342, 1344,
16:15a 1227 1365, 1437, 1489, 1500, 1502, 1504, 17:13 1350
16:16 123, 155, 357, 435, 454, 505, 1650, 1724, 1735 17:14 84, 86, 115, 142, 253, 261–
801, 1152, 1223, 1230, 1232, 1235, 17:3–5 1364 262, 273, 282, 357, 399, 416, 427,
1350, 1484, 1496 435, 442, 454, 466, 484, 503, 519,
17:3–6 709, 1663 536, 545, 588, 853, 1066, 1085,
16:17 106, 168, 197, 238, 320–322, 17:3a 1270, 1284
489, 510, 525, 527, 529, 544, 594, 1305, 1349, 1350–1351, 1361, 1365,
738, 747, 1213, 1234, 1235, 1276, 17:3b 506, 1285, 1314 1492, 1504, 1525, 1549, 1602, 1723
1407, 1468, 1638, 1650 17:3c 1291 17:15 188, 720, 868, 1200, 1277,
16:17–18 170, 510 17:3ff 511 1353, 1708
17:4 544, 577, 953, 1085, 1101, 17:15–16 957, 1637

17:16 168, 262, 413, 577, 590, 18:10 525, 579, 773, 804, 1003, 1459, 1462, 1472, 1552, 1555, 1561,
1006, 1050, 1206, 1243, 1263, 1406, 1437, 1443 1698
1273, 1313, 1348, 1353, 1358, 1364, 18:10a 1414 18:59 692
1504 18:11 1293, 1431, 1460 18.5, 189
17:16b 1355, 1356, 1360 18:11–13 1390 19 20
17:17 1352, 1481, 1491 18:11–20 577 19–22 173n115
17:17b 1361 18:11a 1417 19:1 155, 194, 336, 359, 602, 719,
17:18 351, 1365, 1691, 1723 18:12 1299, 1358, 1434, 1438 726, 1467, 1763
17:18a 1362 18:12–13 1433 19:1–2 1397, 1457
17:19 259 18:12a 1421, 1422, 1434 19:1–3 175, 1475, 1562
18:1 689, 692, 719, 741, 775, 1275, 18:12b 1423 19:1–4 168, 525, 544, 1034, 1468
1317, 1391, 1399, 1442, 1515, 1533, 19:1–6 535, 665
1535, 1537, 1547, 1630, 1633 18:12c 1423, 1424
18:12d 1425 19:1–8 196
18:1–2 353, 1499
18:13 1419, 1449, 1567 19:1–9b 1462
18:1–3 240
18:13b 1426, 1427, 1428 19:1–10 633, 688, 1461
18:1–19:1 1318
18:14 1418, 1430, 1567 19:1a 1462
18:1–19:10 1272
18:14a 1431 19:1b 1027, 1463
18:1–24 1257, 1479
18:14b 1431 19:2 241, 242, 290, 392, 412, 413,
18:1a 1365 525, 533, 546, 579, 650, 711, 726,
18:1b 1365, 1366 18:14c 1432
743, 754, 866, 922, 957, 982, 985,
18:2 579, 781, 910, 1103, 1228, 18:15 194, 499, 627, 804, 1003, 1027, 1188, 1283, 1301, 1361, 1381,
1252, 1365, 1367, 1368, 1372, 1382, 1417, 1437, 1643 1463, 1465, 1478, 1489, 1491, 1493,
1383, 1537, 1672, 1723, 1746 18:15a 1433, 1434 1552, 1561, 1566, 1571, 1637, 1657,
18:2–3 582 18:15b 1432 1669
18:2a 1366, 1368 18:16 773, 1294, 1406 19:2c 1465
18:2b 1368, 1370, 1375 18:16a 1434 19:3 155, 534, 778, 1465, 1466,
18:2c 1368, 1375 18:16b 1434 1763
18:3 175, 260, 419, 627, 1275, 18:17 1371, 1408, 1443 19:4 232, 516, 520–521, 530, 532,
1283, 1379, 1382, 1417, 1434, 1465, 18:17a 1418 534, 544, 593, 978, 999, 1479
1553, 1657, 1691, 1708 18:17b 1434, 1435, 1437 19:4–5 197, 257, 1489
18:3a 1378, 1381, 1465 18:18 778, 1264, 1408, 1432, 1437, 19:4–6 1603
18:3b 1282, 1465 1445 19:4–8 983
18:3c 499, 1378, 1382 18:18–19 1243 19:4a 1467
18:4 419, 532, 957, 1391, 1399, 18:19 499, 627, 773, 804, 1371, 19:4b 1467
1400, 1433, 1475, 1480, 1489, 1496, 1390, 1406, 1408, 1439, 1443 19:4c 1467
1722, 1724 18:19–21 760 19:5 241, 288, 711, 978, 1638
18:4–5 544 18:20 16n29, 148, 168, 175, 194, 19:5a 1467, 1479
18:4–8 650 238, 290, 412, 577, 665, 767, 885, 19:5b 1467–1468
18:5 692, 1249, 1367, 1478 982, 985, 1008, 1034, 1264, 1276, 19:6 194, 270, 282, 533, 1009,
18:5–6 1746 1283, 1311, 1380, 1382, 1397, 1444, 1052, 1161, 1289, 1472, 1486, 1493,
1472, 1562, 1597 1755, 1763
18:5a 1397
18:20c 1440 19:6a 1470
18:5b 1397
18:20ff 974 19:6b 1470
18:6 175, 391, 419, 457, 916, 1399,
1433, 1466, 1493, 1495 18:21 240, 579, 805, 844, 1191, 19:7 116, 205, 259, 290, 310, 348,
1252, 1371, 1442 399, 466, 580, 602, 699, 1034,
18:6–7 1400
18:21–23 1466 1472, 1562, 1597, 1683
18:6–20 1391
18:21–24 1449 19:7–8 1358, 1472, 1752
18:6a 1395
18:21a 1441–1442 19:7–9 358, 580, 1475
18:6b 1401
18:21b 1418, 1443 19:7a 1472
18:7 222, 577, 1003, 1313, 1358,
1433, 1472, 1480 18:21c 1443 19:7c 1480
18:7a 1402, 1405 18:22 195 19:8 521, 983, 985, 1084, 1472,
18:7b 499, 1404, 1406 18:22–23 577, 1191, 1445, 1462 1477, 1478, 1480, 1486, 1492, 1663,
18:22a 1444, 1446 1701
18:8 175, 419, 472, 525, 629, 756,
780, 1206, 1395 18:22c 1449 19:9 116, 152, 205, 245, 335, 348,
18:23 419, 1181, 1390, 1445, 1460, 399, 466, 580, 1162, 1472, 1476,
18:8–9 419, 1243 1479, 1491, 1501, 1562, 1739
18:8a 1406–1407 1545, 1555, 1689, 1698
18:23a 1449 19:9–10 1661
18:8b 1408 19:9a 1479
18:9 194, 419, 535, 676, 778, 1408, 18:23c 1383
18:23d 1453 19:10 243, 255, 271, 320, 346, 354,
1418, 1432, 1433, 1439, 1460, 1657, 423, 593, 648, 711, 845, 888, 893,
1691 18:24 151, 175, 242, 253–254, 301, 922, 934, 1027, 1152, 1313, 1478,
18:9–10 1417 339, 423, 533, 545, 546, 590, 650, 1479, 1482
18:9–19 1283, 1412 714, 726, 754, 767, 885, 922, 982,
985, 1098, 1100, 1188, 1264, 1276, 19:10a 1481
18:9–24 126 1283, 1311, 1382, 1440, 1455, 1457, 19:10b 1482
18:9b 1413

19:10c 1481, 1483 19:20–20:1–6 1543 20:7–8 1526, 1541, 1555, 1594
19:11 112, 392, 454, 491, 493, 525, 19:20–21 1582, 1584–1585 20:7–9 1517, 1590
580, 617, 718, 723, 776, 1475, 1478, 19:21 346, 456, 471, 577, 615, 949, 20:7–10 126, 467, 1501, 1505,
1484, 1485, 1486, 1490, 1511, 1512, 1227, 1507, 1537–1539 1512–1515, 1519, 1522, 1538, 1539,
1539, 1541, 1683 19:25a 1494 1542, 1557, 1591, 1601
19:11–12 451 19:41–44 581 20:7–15 1513
19:11–16 845, 1182, 1548, 1738 20:1 442, 741, 775–776, 778, 1483, 20:7a 1596
19:11–18 546 1511, 1533, 1535, 1537, 1539, 1544– 20:7ff 1534
19:11–19 175 1545, 1547, 1585, 1591, 1630, 1633 20:8 154, 689, 1501, 1504, 1514,
19:11–20:6 1518 20:1–2 845 1520–1522, 1524–1525, 1540, 1541,
19:11–21 1351, 1474, 1486, 1512, 20:1–3 692, 1512, 1534, 1536, 1585, 1595, 1599, 1601
1513, 1517, 1520, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1545, 1560 20:8–9 1541
1542, 1559, 1593, 1601 20:1–4 505 20:8a 1602
19:11–21:1ff 1613 20:1–6 1014, 1023, 1513, 1546, 20:8a–b, 1590
19:11–21:8 1272 1574 20:8b 1596, 1598
19:11–22:5 173n115 20:1–7 1549 20:8c 1593, 1596
19:11a 1483 20:1–10 1505, 1510, 1541 20:8ff 1527
19:11b 1485, 1488, 1497 20:1–15 233 20:9 112, 123, 291, 393, 454, 482,
19:11c 1486 20:1a 1547 1573, 1585, 1598, 1599, 1614, 1633,
19:11ff 341, 1492, 1500, 1534, 20:1ff 1512, 1537 1669
1549, 1568 20:2 329, 399, 803, 1038, 1103, 20:9–10 1726
19:12 344, 362, 755, 1006, 1489 1372, 1540, 1544–1546, 1549, 1598, 20:9–11 1518
19:12a 1488 1678 20:9a 1596–1597
19:12b 1489 20:2–3 977, 1504, 1512, 1516, 1537, 20:9b 1520, 1598
19:13 223, 294, 442, 491, 545, 801, 1539, 1541, 1545, 1546–1547, 1550, 20:9c 1596
1488, 1490, 1491, 1497 1554, 1582, 1593
20:10 286, 399, 413, 534, 731,
19:13–16 493 20:2–5 1521 826, 1091, 1316, 1466, 1505, 1507,
19:14 226, 363, 391, 473, 501, 20:2–6 984, 1069, 1522 1512, 1520, 1537, 1542, 1554, 1601,
1492, 1493, 1539, 1562, 1564, 1607 20:2a 1548, 1555 1678
19:15 189, 322, 345, 466, 533, 615, 20:2b 1549 20:10–15 1589
723, 733, 949, 1013, 1052, 1227, 20:3 233, 420, 515, 719, 778, 1130, 20:10b 1602
1486, 1487, 1488, 1489, 1500, 1502, 1540, 1545–1546, 1551, 1554–1555, 20:11 516, 1483, 1570, 1605, 1607,
1638 1569, 1589 1610, 1612–1613, 1665
19:15–21 982, 984 20:3a 1551 20:11–12 525, 544, 1603
19:15a 1496 20:3b 1553 20:11–15 155, 197, 1560, 1587,
19:15b 1497 20:3b–c, 1557 1602, 1608, 1745
19:15c 1495, 1497 20:3c 1589, 1596, 1726 20:11a 1602, 1603, 1605
19:16 202, 259, 261, 275, 491, 853, 20:4 162, 243, 282, 319–320, 328, 20:11b 1603, 1604, 1605
1006, 1490, 1492, 1498, 1549 429, 505, 518, 520, 600, 633–635, 20:12 198, 362, 457, 474, 546, 851,
19:17 194, 240, 336, 353, 772, 801, 888, 922, 934, 1056, 1074, 1098, 981, 983, 1080, 1315, 1600, 1605,
805, 1483, 1499, 1519, 1539 1334, 1483, 1485, 1491, 1541, 1546– 1696
19:17–18 577, 1359, 1505 1547, 1549, 1550, 1560, 1562–1563, 20:12–15 1584
1566, 1568, 1569, 1571, 1573, 1575–
19:17–19 584 1577, 1582, 1586, 1593, 1613, 1724, 20:12a 1605
19:17–20 1514 1726, 1745 20:13 391, 457, 629, 1048, 1542,
19:17–21 1511, 1513, 1515, 1522 20:4–6 198, 293, 688, 944, 1508, 1606
19:17a 1499 1523, 1537, 1543, 1549, 1558, 1586, 20:13–14 1584
19:17b 1499 1590, 1594, 1596, 1662 20:13a 1605, 1607
19:17c–18 1500 20:4a 1559, 1574 20:14 362, 437, 629, 696, 1694
19:18 282, 627, 1485, 1516, 1605 20:4b 1565, 1574 20:14–15 1466, 1542
19:19 260, 281–282, 1347, 1483, 20:4c 429, 1566, 1575 20:14b 1587
1485, 1489, 1498, 1502, 1504, 20:4d 1522, 1569, 1571, 1573, 20:14b–15 1607
1524, 1525–1527, 1537–1538, 1591, 1580 20:15 202, 471, 474, 546, 851, 983,
1601, 1691 20:5 233, 429, 471, 981 1080, 1537, 1538, 1605, 1696
19:19–20 1503, 1522, 1526, 1542, 20:5–6 1575 20:20ff 416
1669 20:5a 1563, 1571, 1576, 1581, 1586 21 184, 222
19:19–21 1274, 1275, 1512, 1539, 20:5b 1564, 1580, 1587 21–22 50, 139, 315
1586
20:6 87, 155, 187, 244, 262, 349, 21:1 7, 81, 85, 310, 494, 539, 595,
19:19b 1504 393, 437, 533, 629, 943, 1549, 1483, 1610, 1611, 1612, 1614, 1620–
19:20 286, 413, 420, 424, 525, 1563, 1575, 1725–1726, 1739, 1747 1622, 1747, 1748
801, 826, 872, 997, 1074, 1091, 20:6b 1580, 1587 21:1–2 493, 1358
1096, 1103, 1156, 1316, 1334, 1455,
1466, 1500, 1502, 1505, 1521, 1536, 20:6c 1573 21:1–3 1044
1538–1541, 1545, 1549, 1554–1555, 20:7 233, 358, 399, 535, 1372, 21:1–4 1667
1584, 1587, 1588, 1601–1602, 1658, 1505, 1512, 1537–1541, 1543, 1546, 21:1–5 1644
1724 1549, 1550, 1589, 1602, 1745 21:1–6 1652

21:1–8 1665 21:9–22:5 1519, 1612, 1639 21:22a 1685

21:1–22:5 140, 1608, 1610, 1613, 21:9–22:9 1272, 1318 21:22b 1686
1623 21:9–27 1697 21:23 518, 1451, 1598, 1635, 1662,
21:1a 1621 21:9a 1269, 1595 1667, 1688, 1689, 1690, 1712, 1725
21:1b 494, 1626 21:9b 1683 21:23–24 768, 1694
21:1f 1501 21:10 82, 84, 121, 155, 163, 171, 21:23–25 1001
21:1ff 858 174, 192, 256, 279, 330, 347, 413, 21:24 260, 281, 282, 522, 714, 919,
21:2 70, 261, 279, 362, 413, 533, 533, 580, 760, 884, 1149, 1284– 1271, 1642, 1671, 1674, 1689, 1691,
577, 580, 595, 599, 775, 884, 1285, 1595, 1612, 1699, 1712, 1747, 1700, 1701, 1707, 1712, 1713
997, 1149, 1162, 1271, 1291, 1300, 1752 21:24–25 1712
1475, 1478, 1594, 1612, 1614–1615, 21:10–11 1001, 1715 21:24–26 293
1620–1621, 1623, 1632, 1637, 1639, 21:10–21 1694 21:24a 1715
1662, 1677, 1697, 1699, 1701, 1712, 21:10–22:5 493, 580
1747, 1752 21:25 1030, 1629, 1671, 1701, 1717,
21:10–27 1518 1725
21:2–3 339, 489, 1640, 1697
21:10a 1270, 1663, 1664 21:25a 1692
21:2–5 884
21:10b 1667 21:25b 1617, 1693
21:2–22:5 1633
21:10ff 511 21:26 714, 1642, 1674, 1712
21:2–22:6 9
21:11 518, 1684, 1689 21:27 202, 208, 348, 392, 474,
21:2a 1667 515, 546, 851, 983, 1080, 1323,
21:11a 1270, 1667
21:2b 919, 1637, 1667, 1683 1324, 1412, 1623, 1650, 1662, 1670,
21:11b 1667
21:2ff 490, 1474 1693, 1696, 1713, 1717, 1721
21:12 19, 311, 522, 707–709, 714,
21:3 194, 490, 577, 599, 731, 732, 999, 1001, 1273, 1668, 1673, 1675, 21:27b 1695–1696
1070, 1562, 1628, 1629, 1631, 1635, 1680, 1693, 1701, 1715, 1747 21:35 644
1640–1642, 1649, 1664–1665, 21:44 919
1679, 1687, 1723, 1725 21:12–13 1691, 1715
21:12–14 1270, 1598 22 428
21:3–4 20, 733n22
21:12–15 1670 22:1 75, 87, 187, 188, 225, 256, 310,
21:3a 1638 466, 1620, 1687, 1698, 1699, 1702,
21:3b 1640–1641 21:12–17 1615
1704, 1712, 1723, 1735, 1740, 1753
21:3c 1642 21:12a 1681
22:1–2 955, 1271, 1490, 1662
21:4 629, 1643–1646, 1707 21:12c 1674
22:1–3 496, 1490, 1723
21:4–6 1270 21:12d 1674
22:1a 1697, 1698, 1700
21:4a–b, 1646 21:13 689
22:2 189, 428, 714, 1617, 1620,
21:4b 494, 1647, 1648 21:14 18–19, 152, 259, 399, 466, 1626, 1642, 1693, 1699, 1706, 1712,
709, 985, 999, 1001, 1292, 1439, 1721, 1747
21:5 222, 335, 392, 454, 493–494, 1676, 1680, 1683, 1699
516, 544, 595, 1235, 1284, 1488, 22:2–8 1612
1628, 1654, 1729, 1747 21:14–15 1712, 1715
22:2a 1698, 1700, 1701, 1704
21:5–7 1603 21:14–19 1693
22:2b 1706
21:5a 1649 21:15 1748, 1749
22:2c 1721
21:5b 1650 21:15–17 29, 888, 1271, 1664
22:2ff 427
21:6 348, 539, 765, 1019, 1650, 21:15–26 873
22:3 198, 225, 259, 310, 399, 466,
1693, 1746 21:16 1596, 1676, 1701, 1715, 1725 711, 1271, 1662, 1699, 1703, 1712,
21:6a 1650 21:16b 1679, 1681 1714, 1716, 1720–1721, 1740, 1742
21:6b 1651 21:16c 1679 22:3–5 1726
21:6c 1651 21:17 1145, 1681, 1715 22:3–6 1480
21:7 86, 131, 169, 238, 253, 325, 21:17–19 1612 22:3a 1709, 1713, 1716
339, 358, 416, 427, 435, 437, 446, 21:17–20 1670 22:3b 1716
454, 484, 491, 536, 1034, 1063, 21:18 189, 1667 22:3b–5a 1726
1074, 1391, 1624, 1654, 1699, 1721 21:18–19 1712 22:3c 1716, 1723
21:7a 1652 21:18–21 1668, 1682, 1715 22:4 473, 490, 491, 655, 1070,
21:7b 1653 21:19 1292, 1667 1698, 1700
21:8 208, 416, 437, 629, 826, 1464, 21:19–20 1699 22:4–5 201
1654, 1662, 1669, 1695–1696, 1717,
21:20–24 581 22:4a 1700, 1724
1736, 1748–1749
21:21 189, 266, 1422, 1667, 1691, 22:5 133, 291, 294, 321, 534, 600,
21:8a 1655
1701, 1712 1030, 1611, 1644, 1688, 1712, 1725
21:8b 1654, 1657
21:21a 1683 22:5–6 320–322
21:8b–c, 1658
21:21b 1680, 1684 22:5b 1726
21:9 155, 173, 187, 259, 310, 353,
21:22 126, 139, 188, 299, 310, 22:5d 1726
466, 516, 544, 580, 594, 739, 1162,
321–322, 362, 399, 413, 466, 489, 22:6 75, 98, 101, 187, 203, 228,
1270, 1272, 1611, 1614, 1654, 1661–
490, 525, 533, 539, 731, 849, 866, 232, 234, 237, 279, 317, 321, 354,
1662, 1697, 1752
887, 988, 1009, 1052, 1130, 1235, 362–363, 390, 392, 412, 454, 484,
21:9–10 232, 241, 1650, 1665, 1291, 1300, 1519, 1522, 1620, 1629,
1715, 1723 493, 515, 547, 548, 578, 635, 636,
1635, 1640, 1687, 1715, 1718 648, 711, 777, 829, 857, 881, 899,
21:9–17 1632 21:22–22:5 293 932, 996, 1032, 1036, 1042, 1059,
21:9–21 1475 21:22–23 348, 1693 1071, 1089, 1164, 1183, 1188, 1234,
21:9–22:4 1623 1261, 1263, 1311, 1326, 1331, 1335,

1471, 1485, 1488, 1493, 1500, 1504, 22:17 87, 185, 194, 255, 1698,
1527–1528, 1533, 1535, 1543, 1552, 1706, 1712, 1752, 1760–1761
1561n60, 1583, 1618, 1643, 1644, 22:18 105, 241, 348, 514, 832,
1653, 1729–1730, 1735, 1737, 1745 1043, 1538, 1758, 1760
22:6–7 1043, 1733–1734, 1752, 22:18–19 19, 135, 183–184, 203,
1753 413, 423, 585, 1751, 1754, 1757,
22:6–8a 1732 1759
22:6–9 1661 22:18–20 1733–1734, 1753
22:6–10 183 22:18a 1754
22:6–21 1732 22:19 348, 362, 428, 514, 533,
22:6a 1735 546, 655, 832, 1699, 1712, 1751
22:6b 1736 22:20 46, 47, 106, 155, 223, 232–
22:6c 1736, 1737 233, 237, 253, 254, 320, 359, 442,
487, 534, 650, 1230, 1481, 1745,
22:7 19, 46, 47, 87, 105, 152, 184, 1751, 1760
201, 244, 248, 254, 272, 348, 362,
423, 442, 479, 487, 514, 534, 650, 22:20–21 1763
832, 1230, 1326, 1745, 1760–1761 22:20a 1760
22:7–9 1479 22:20b 1761
22:7a 1735, 1737 22:21 20, 155, 225, 232, 359, 1763
22:7b 1739–1740 22:21–26 1662
22:8 12, 14, 187, 241, 325, 362– 22:22 487
363, 593, 821, 845, 1152, 1741 22:66a 1735
22:8–9 255, 346, 1313, 1481
22:8–9a 1740
22:8–10 1733–1734, 1739
22:8a 1740
22:9 19, 222, 248, 423, 593, 648,
711, 830, 872, 1151, 1163, 1273,
1284, 1483
22:9–10 1043
22:9b 1741, 1742
22:10 75, 98, 105–106, 152, 160,
203, 228, 229, 231, 235, 236–237,
279, 348, 390, 423, 484, 514–515,
547, 548, 578, 583, 635, 636, 648,
777, 829, 832, 875, 881, 899, 932,
996, 1019, 1032, 1036, 1059, 1063,
1071, 1089, 1188, 1234, 1263, 1326,
1331, 1335, 1337, 1471, 1485, 1493,
1504, 1527, 1533, 1535, 1543, 1552,
1561n60, 1583, 1612, 1617–1618,
1643, 1653, 1729, 1735, 1737, 1742–
1743, 1745
22:11 533, 696, 983, 1742
22:11–12 1733–1734
22:12 233, 237, 295, 391, 442, 457,
487, 534, 547, 548, 650, 983, 984,
1063, 1164, 1230, 1743–1744, 1745,
1760
22:13 348, 363, 429, 539, 1019,
1651, 1746
22:13–17 1733–1734
22:14 87, 244–245, 428, 515, 1691,
1700, 1712, 1717, 1739, 1761
22:14–15 1670
22:14a 1746
22:14b 1747
22:14c 1747
22:15 392, 416, 915, 1464, 1617,
1650, 1693, 1713, 1717, 1721, 1748
22:16 16n29, 189, 223, 354, 359,
362–363, 420, 427, 467, 476, 875,
1151, 1481, 1751, 1760, 1761
22:16a 1750, 1751, 1754
22:16b 1751

Subject Index
angels and, 697, 807

A anti-Semitism charges and, 207, 209
apocalypses and, 70, 101
Aaron, 342–343, 731, 1091, 1094, 1115, 1128, 1131, 1136, bond-servants and, 1465
1142, 1384 Christianity and, 30, 33–36, 51, 54–55, 60, 63,
Abaddon, 78, 156, 399, 775–777, 800–801, 1152, 1763 66–70, 205, 711, 852, 862–863, 902–904, 916,
Abel, 621, 633, 637, 654, 754, 925, 1077, 1135, 1185, 973–974, 976–977, 1035, 1488, 1495, 1501, 1529,
1265, 1459 1625, 1653, 1753
abominations, 163, 213, 215, 558, 567–569, 692, 695, commissioning vision and, 332
706, 895, 898n40, 956, 1110, 1284–1285, 1291, 1293, composition date and, 22–24, 26, 33–38
1301, 1304, 1306, 1308, 1312, 1356, 1362, 1414, 1617, court scene and, 523–524
1656, 1694–1695, 1711–1712, 1717, 1721, 1724, 1746 Daniel and, 991, 1018–1019
Abraham Day of the Lord and, 1219, 1485, 1524
angels and, 692 Egypt and, 63
calling of, 1114–1115, 1685 Ezekiel and, 1520–1521, 1523
conversion of, 164 final attestation and blessing and, 1752
covenant and, 639–640, 719–720, 860 final judgment and, 297, 442, 667, 984, 1501,
faithful Gentiles and, 73 1516–1517, 1523–1525, 1527, 1603
as father of Christians, 1674–1675 final testimonies and admonition and, 1738–1745
as father of the Jews, 73, 433–434, 1323–1324 final victory of the lamb and, 1471, 1477, 1480,
feasting at table of, 1474, 1476 1485, 1495
gē and, 276, 279 fire and, 678, 759, 823, 837, 1605, 1702
Hagar expelled from house of, 916 first six seals and, 625, 634, 645, 666–667, 673,
Holy Land and, 277, 809 678
Jesus’ genealogical connection to, 73 first six trumpets and, 759–764, 768
judgment and, 54 focus on, 72–87
promise to, 1280, 1642, 1708 greeting and theme and, 267
seed of, 35, 142, 720, 918–919, 1002, 1009, 1619 harlot of Babylon and the beast and, 1350
venturing forth of, 1392, 1677 heavenly temple and, 1276
abyss high priestly aristocracy and, 1390, 1413, 1487
allusions and, 155 Jesus and, 65–66, 70, 302–305, 697, 856–857,
angel of, 776, 800–801, 954, 1008, 1152 882, 926, 931, 977, 1032, 1207, 1263, 1487, 1488,
1528, 1547, 1552, 1556, 1583, 1648, 1655, 1738,
beast of, 952, 954, 1314–1315, 1318, 1320–1321, 1744–1747, 1761–1762
1365
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 1473
demons and, 1316n70, 1505
Jewish religious history and, 58–66
heavenly court as antithesis of, 778
literalism and, 887
judgment and, 1512, 1542
literary sources and, 134
key to, 777, 1548
little book and, 860–862
literalism and, 1544
marriage feast and, 1476, 1645
locusts and, 780, 782, 800
measured temple and, 878–909
Old Testament and, 155
merchants and, 1419
one thousand years and, 1512, 1542
near term events and, 875
opening of, 775–779
new covenant and, 66, 100, 168, 205, 264, 580,
parallelisms and, 1341, 1346 600, 732, 976–979, 1527, 1588, 1624–1625, 1644
proleptic anticipation and, 261 new creation and, 1613–1614, 1629, 1639, 1646
Satan and, 262, 776, 800–801, 954, 1008, 1152, new exodus and, 1490
1316, 1485, 1516, 1545–1546, 1548–1549, 1553–
1554, 1585, 1601 new Jerusalem and, 69–70
sea and, 953 new Jerusalem bride and, 858, 1488, 1599, 1666,
1676, 1686, 1707
seven last plagues and, 1195
Nicolaitans and, 412
symbolism and, 187
old covenant and, 65–66, 76, 100, 166–168, 264,
accuser, 79, 308, 726, 1021, 1024–1027, 1029, 1031, 339, 360, 548, 580, 894–895, 989, 1035, 1182,
1077, 1111–1112, 1122, 1226, 1555 1444, 1466, 1533, 1556, 1620, 1629, 1641–1643,
Actium, 366, 485, 620 1676, 1686
AD 70 Old Testament and, 985, 1458
allusions and, 102, 913, 1235 Olivet Discourse and, 70, 890, 1487, 1564
already and not yet and, 1518 Paul and, 928, 1649, 1704
1823
1824 Subject Index
Philadelphia and, 481–482 composition date and, 21–22
preterism and, 22, 99–101, 207, 971, 1518, 1543 court scene and, 524
prophetic authority of Christianity and, 70–72 court setting and, 1208
redemptive-historical focus and, 55–87, 1615, Eden and, 1709
1644, 1679, 1744–1747 Egypt and, 80–81, 155, 272, 442, 752
Roman imperial history and, 55–58 exodus and, 442–443, 747, 758, 848, 1016, 1191,
Sardis and, 472–473 1292, 1463
Satan and, 1029, 1032, 1036, 1546, 1552, 1555, Ezekiel and, 851, 866, 1419, 1460, 1583, 1639, 1652
1582, 1593 fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1378
Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1517–1518, final judgment of the harlot and, 1300
1527–1530, 1533, 1552, 1585, 1603 first six seals and, 642, 646–647
sealed 144,000 and, 711 first six trumpets and, 753–754, 795
separation of Christianity from Judaism marked function of, 153
by, 7, 35–38, 51, 54–58, 66–72, 102, 299, 412–414,
707, 852, 862–863, 902–904, 916, 977, 1035, Gog and, 1501
1488, 1495, 1625, 1653, 1753 greeting and theme and, 272–274
seven last plagues and, 1189, 1203, 1220–1221 Hebraic character and, 38, 155, 640, 1149, 1151,
seven oracles and, 412 1190
seven-sealed book and, 551–552, 575, 600 historical allusions, 360, 373–377, 402, 470
significance of, 55–72, 899–904 Holy Spirit and, 1700
spiritual destruction and, 914 Isaiah and, 1196, 1378, 1487, 1643–1644, 1651,
1667, 1685, 1752
sun-clothed woman and the red dragon and,
1021, 1031 Lamb and, 684, 734, 1164
symbolism and, 1021, 1517, 1531 land-dwellers and, 642, 646
theme and, 48, 54, 299 literary sources and, 129–139
times of the Gentiles and, 69 loud voice and, 868
two witnesses and, 929–931, 947–950 measured temple and, 882
universal temple and, 1683 Megiddo and, 1232
wealth and, 1418–1419 method of, 129–139
witness and, 939, 1023 new creation and, 1652
adornment, 344, 452, 594, 1294–1295, 1313, 1358, 1434, new heaven and new earth and, 1714
1637 Pergamum and, 374–375
adulterous generation, 74, 574, 584, 957, 1119, 1163, Philadelphia and, 476, 489–490
1262 polemical point and, 157
adultery (spiritual), 203–205, 415, 455–458, 551, 559– preterism and, 111, 1219
560, 566, 568, 574, 605, 613, 618–619, 699, 766, 794, prophetic tradition and, 160, 242
795, 840, 866–868, 1097, 1101, 1192, 1252, 1287, 1305, Red Sea and, 1190
1354–358, 1360, 1408, 1455, 1631
redemptive-historical focus and, 76
Adversary, 69, 274, 432, 434, 436, 739, 801, 905, 998,
Revelation as using more allusions than any
1024, 1096, 1122, 1308, 1404, 1676
other NT book, 76, 120
advocates (legal term), 16, 1030, 1075, 1078, 1536, 1759
Sardis and, 375
Aegean Sea, 327, 364, 369
Seven Last Plagues and, 1199, 1212, 1224
Aeneid (Virgil), 1570
seven oracles and, 44, 373–377
Agabus, 106, 357, 388, 643, 661
seven trumpets and, 1159
Against Apion (Josephus), 221
seven-sealed book and, 549
Against Heresies (Irenaeus), 40–41
Smyrna and, 373–374
Agrippa, 52, 284, 447, 659–660, 711, 814–817, 835, 897,
Stephen and, 1110
906, 928, 1050, 1056, 1098, 1186, 1215, 1239, 1251,
1279, 1349 Synoptic tradition and, 147
Agrippa II, 1098, 1215, 1385, 1424, 1448, 1684 theme and, 295–296
Ahab, 416, 426, 583, 593, 651 throne and, 1678
Albinus, 945, 1089, 1097, 1387 Thyatira and, 375
Alexander the Great, 365, 370, 374, 376 total number of, 130
Aliturus, 1075n31 translation and, 127–128
allegory, 93, 425, 570, 666, 760, 874, 956, 1136, 1197, tree of life and, 1670
1259, 1473 visions of blessing and judgment and, 1156–1157
allusions. See also Old Testament almighty, 140, 294, 302, 320–322, 345, 461, 528,
abyss and, 155 531–534, 536, 539–540, 648, 685, 802, 972, 978,
1009, 1052, 1071, 1094, 1130, 1135, 1139, 1161, 1187,
AD 70 and, 102, 913, 1235
1202, 1205, 1222, 1227, 1229, 1233–1234, 1463, 1470,
apocalypses and, 226 1471–1472, 1483, 1497–1498, 1524, 1616, 1635, 1640,
Babylon and, 155 1685–1688, 1723
beast from the sea and, 1048 Alogi, 10
classification of, 131–139 Alpha and Omega, 321–322, 348, 449, 539, 1071, 1638,
commissioning vision and, 336, 340–341 1651, 1733, 1735, 1742, 1745–1746

Subject Index 1825
already / not yet, 428, 467, 975, 1518, 1608, 1610, 1620, of the covenant, 579, 859, 871
1622, 1644, 1646, 1649, 1653 Daniel and, 856–857, 1018, 1313
altars definition of, 352
beast from the Land and, 1130 Egypt and, 610
court scene and, 510 Ezekiel and, 29, 696
earthly altar, 579, 633–634, 646, 742, 805–806, fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1364–1390
1197, 1301, 1366, 1568, 1577 fifth angel and the vintage and, 1184–1186
Ezekiel and, 29, 1616, 1652, 1699, 1707 final judgment of the harlot and, 1275–1284,
fire and, 742, 744–749, 1128–1129, 1131, 1184, 1236 1312–1313
first six seals and, 633, 649 final testimonies and admonition and, 1729–1742
first six trumpets and, 169, 773, 777, 805–806 first angel and the gospel and, 1166–1171
golden incense altar, 155, 169, 739, 742–745, 749, first six trumpets and, 776–778, 807–812, 810t
804–805, 1276, 1297, 1422, 1426, 1450 four angels, 689–693, 694, 698, 711, 776–778,
heavenly altar, 235, 633–646, 742, 777, 806, 830, 807–812, 810t, 1698
835, 1135, 1184, 1205, 1366 fourth angel and the harvest and, 1180–1183
literalism and, 895 identity of, 1365–1366
measured temple and, 874–875, 888, 893–894 idolatry and, 1740, 1749, 1757–1758
Old Testament and, 80, 155, 848, 1128 interpretive assistance of, 32, 47, 190, 248, 263,
pillars and, 848 577, 1312–1313
scene changes and, 192 invitation of, 1275–1284
seventh seal and, 738–745 Jesus appearing under angelic imagery, 241, 257,
symbolism and, 875, 1128, 1577 341, 579, 844–853, 996, 1365, 1368, 1499, 1537
temple altar, 27, 29, 80, 155, 193, 270, 339, 590, of the Lord, 343, 353, 635, 692, 720, 742, 844–845,
633–634, 737, 835 847–848, 850, 1018, 1020, 1029, 1128, 1203
trumpets and, 739 mighty angel, 844, 849–850, 852, 858, 1019,
voice and, 623, 1205, 1581 1600, 1741
amanuensis, 21, 396, 435 Old Testament and, 154–155, 520, 696
amen, 78, 156, 231–232, 295, 299–300, 311, 492–495, Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1515,
603, 726, 1467, 1762–1764 1533–1537
amillennialism, 96, 238, 1522, 1535 sealed 144,000 and, 689–693, 694, 698, 711
anachronisms, 38, 912n56, 1043 second angel and Babylon and, 1171–1174
analeptic, 1567 seven angels, 352–353, 384–387, 423, 426, 429,
analogy, 72, 157, 269, 276, 553, 555, 570, 1309, 1523, 432, 438, 445, 461, 468, 475, 492, 1187–1188,
1683 1193–1197, 1213, 1235, 1243, 1253, 1267, 1269,
1272, 1275–1276, 1364, 1437, 1661, 1678, 1715
Ananias, 1109, 1127, 1132, 1216, 1227, 1387–1388, 1416,
1506, 1756 seven kings and, 30
Ananus, 284n11, 631, 652, 884, 898n40, 959, 1097, Seven Last Plagues and, 1193–1194
1215, 1359, 1414, 1452, 1506 seven mountains and, 32
anaphoric article, 338, 729, 961, 1523–1524 seven-sealed book and, 542, 548
Ancient of Days, 341, 344, 587 Son of Man and, 1166–1186
Andocides, 917 stars and, 352
Andreas of Caesarea, 23, 98, 112–113, 520, 666, 686, strong angel, 201, 542, 582–583, 760, 843–864
702–703, 1053, 1291 superscription and, 240–241
Androclus, 365 symbolism and, 32
angels. See also seven trumpet angels and seventh temple and, 29, 339
trumpet testimony of, 1729–1742
of the abyss, 776, 800–801, 954, 1008, 1152 third angel and beast worshipers and, 1174–1177
AD 70 and, 697, 807 transcendence and, 240
angelic descent argument, 1515, 1533–1537 visions of blessing and judgment and, 1166–1186
angelic messages and Son of Man and, 1166–1186 voice and, 336
angelomorphic, 201, 241, 345, 691, 741, 845, 996, Annas, 287, 289, 657, 1107, 1295, 1387, 1389
1365, 1368, 1499, 1537 Ante-Nicene Church, 89, 95
announcement of the fall and, 1364–1390 antichrist, 41, 88–89, 93, 718, 921, 1333, 1337–1339,
another angel, 691–692, 741, 846, 1166, 1171, 1174, 1658
1178–1180, 1184, 1317, 1364, 1365, 1391, 1499, 1539 anti-Judaism, 207–208, 210, 212, 1247, 1675n11
apocalypses and, 353, 520 antilegoumenoi, 10
archangels, 254, 635n17, 738, 1017, 1019, 1021 Antiochus Epiphanes, 69, 158, 829, 897, 1008, 1015,
attestation of, 1729–1737 1038, 1071, 1349, 1353–1354, 1437, 1447, 1520
Babylon and, 610 Antiochus II, 372
certification of, 15 Antiochus III the Great, 158, 365, 370, 372, 375, 470
commissioning vision and, 352–355 Antiochus IV, 1225, 1452
court drama and, 201–203 Antipas, 258, 416, 438–440, 443, 935, 1132, 1348n108,
court scene and, 520–521 1349

1826 Subject Index
Antiquities (Josephus), 269 Old Testament and, 162, 184, 190, 748, 882, 983,
anti-Semitism charges 1261, 1273
AD 70 and, 207, 209 oral traditions and, 39
anti-Judaism’s relation to, 207–208, 210, 212 proto-apocalyptic, 184
biblical defense against, 212–214 remapping of cosmos through, 435
Christianity and, 210–212 rhetorical questions and, 727
Dead Sea Scrolls and, 215–216 Roman Empire and, 101
definitional defense against, 208–209 Satan and, 776–777, 802
dispensationalism and, 205–208 sea and, 1626
historical defense against, 214–217 stars and, 190, 674
issue answered on, 208–217 storms and, 748
issue raised on, 205–208 superscription and, 222–223, 242
Jesus and, 207, 212, 214, 434 symbolism and, 255, 351, 672, 675, 748, 786, 810,
Nazi holocaust and, 206 948, 963, 1329, 1559
Old Testament and, 213–217 theme and, 302–303
overview of, 205–217 Apocryphon of John, 17
political correctness and, 206, 212 Apollinius, 374
preterism and, 205–209, 213 Apollinius of Tyana, 1055
replacement theology and, 206 Apollo, 365, 402, 446, 538, 803, 1052–1053
roots of modern anti-Semitism in New Testa- Apollyon, 399, 776–777, 800–803, 1152
ment, 209–210 apologetics, 28, 35, 299, 405, 467, 656
Smyrna and, 434 apostasy, 36, 70, 85–86, 137, 153, 164, 212–213, 215,
synagogue of Satan and, 213, 434 337–338, 403, 416, 418, 434, 436, 456, 465, 478, 490,
560, 586, 697, 752, 754, 831–833, 836–839, 908n52,
theological defense against, 209–212 914n63, 1101, 1199, 1232, 1260, 1290, 1302, 1428, 1571,
antithesis, 778, 1059, 1196, 1269–1271, 1314, 1474, 1623, 1590–1591, 1593, 1654, 1658, 1696, 1752, 1754–1755,
1663, 1720 1757, 1759
antithetic, 1084, 1087, 1268–1269, 1698, 1730, apostles, 18–19, 40, 49–52, 67, 74, 84, 86, 108, 112,
1742–1743 145, 151, 239, 287–289, 320, 354, 381, 391–392, 395,
Antony, 32, 485, 620, 1349 424, 433, 462, 480, 487, 505, 517, 522, 636, 656–658,
Aphrodite, 365, 371 698, 701–702, 706, 712, 760, 860, 900, 904, 924, 928,
Apion, 34, 221 943, 946, 952, 984, 985, 999, 1001, 1015, 1072, 1079,
1119–1120, 1136, 1264, 1292, 1311, 1380, 1401, 1412,
Apocalypse of Abraham (Mueller), 61, 1102 1439–1441, 1458, 1560–1561, 1616, 1648, 1665, 1668,
Apocalypse of John, The (Beckwith), 39 1676–1678, 1680, 1683, 1725, 1730, 1744, 1755
apocalypses apostles (false), 392, 416, 1755
AD 70 and, 70, 101, 1527 apostolic church, 49, 55, 101, 248, 258, 268, 274, 287–
allusions and, 226 288, 377, 389, 392, 425, 694, 863, 900, 975, 996, 1553
angels and, 353, 520, 1178 Apostolic Decree, 464
apokalupsis, 8, 44, 183–184, 222–223, 242 Aramaic, 129, 156, 214, 399, 419, 491, 555, 1147–1149,
Babylon and, 669, 1271 1763
de-creation language and, 666 Arch of Titus, 937–938, 988, 1450, 1708
definition of, 41, 182 archangels, 254, 635n17, 738, 1017, 1019, 1021
doors and, 513–514 archers, 519n4, 615, 618, 824, 1225, 1238
earthquakes and, 671–672 architecture, 26–30, 38, 848, 877, 1423, 1678
as fall of Judaism and rise of Christianity, 38–39, Arethas, 23, 99
48, 53 Aristeas, 285, 343, 1436
genre of writings on, 110, 159, 182–185, 216, 222 aristocracy (priestly). See high priestly aristocracy
goal of, 188 Aristotle, 222, 359
greeting and theme and, 302–303 ark of the covenant, 80–81, 155, 192, 339, 443, 529,
hyperbole and, 983, 1515, 1553 988, 992
interpretation and, 191 Armageddon, 78, 155–156, 262, 1152, 1190, 1198, 1217,
Isaiah and, 190 1222, 1225, 1232, 1350, 1496, 1541, 1576, 1763
Jerusalem and, 958 Artemis, 327, 365–366, 370, 373, 376, 471
Jesus and, 70, 303, 341, 615, 965, 1489 ascension, 84, 145, 239, 292, 354, 484, 505, 512, 543,
633, 865, 948, 964–965, 967, 1010, 1012–1014, 1020,
Jewish apocalypses, 14, 38–39, 119, 125, 132, 224,
1022, 1032, 1036–1037, 1094, 1178, 1518, 1546–1547,
441, 462, 717, 854, 882, 1511, 1521, 1724
1615, 1738
Jewish War and, 101
Asclepius, 369
kings of the earth and, 262
Asia Minor. See Ephesus; Laodicea; Pergamum; Phil-
literalism and, 948, 963, 1532 adelphia; Sardis; Smyrna; Thyatira
meditation and, 125 astrology, 1079
metaphor and, 1249 astronomy, 767, 1006–1007
Montanism and, 109 Athanasius, 1557
new Jerusalem bride and, 1611 Athanasius of Alexandria, 18, 21, 529

Subject Index 1827
Athena, 369, 374 Bar Kochba revolt, 59, 411, 421, 565
Athens, 328, 365, 803, 815, 1052, 1169 barley, 277, 623, 625–628, 755, 797–798
Attalus I, 368–369 Barnabas, 35, 354, 389, 663, 862, 905, 916, 928, 946,
Attalus II, 368, 371 1079, 1120, 1123, 1310
audits, 196n134, 379, 387 Baruch, 675
Augustine, 9, 11, 78, 529, 702, 1057, 1280, 1369, 1376, basileus
1550, 1580, 1633 definition of, 282
Augustus Caesar, 30–31, 40, 284, 365–367, 369, 374, Israel’s religious authorities and, 283–286
430, 446, 470, 485–486, 537, 601, 620, 639, 1051, 1097, kings of the earth and, 283
1229, 1327 meaning of, 283
authorship determination. See Johannine authorship Revelation use of, 283–286
autopsy, 590, 634, 1455–1460 specific application of, 283–286
auxiliaries, 58, 448, 809, 817, 1225, 1353–1354, 1358, battering rams, 616, 672, 823–826, 969, 1238–1239,
1673 1671
beast (Roman), 424, 435, 710, 869, 936, 953, 1039,
1066, 1081, 1086, 1091, 1211–1212, 1214, 1215, 1267,
B 1275, 1286, 1288, 1305, 1314, 1317, 1334, 1336, 1343–
1344, 1350, 1352–1353, 1367, 1493, 1497, 1553, 1565,
Babylon. See also fall of Babylon the harlot; harlot of 1567, 1569, 1597, 1656, 1758
Babylon and the beast beast (seven-headed), 30, 32, 117, 188–189, 529, 591,
allusions and, 155 611, 1060, 1071, 1100, 1124, 1273, 1339, 1612
angels and, 610 beast (worship of), 1085, 1101, 1174, 1214–1217
apocalypses and, 669 beast from the land
captivity in, 876, 938, 1303, 1580 altars and, 1130
curtain of, 64 as Apostate Judaism, 1090
exile in, 29, 372, 732 authority of, 1096
Israel as, 650, 758–760 deception of, 1130–1134
Jerusalem as, 17, 154, 163, 204–205, 272–273, 315, elders and, 1176
499, 553n13, 639, 645, 650, 739, 745, 759, 781, Elijah and, 1123, 1128
837, 958, 1171–1174, 1228, 1258–1274, 1318, 1367– emperor worship and, 1104–1121
1368, 1400–1402, 1420, 1453, 1475, 1477 false prophets and, 1091–1092, 1103, 1123
Jezebel and, 419 fire and, 1123–1124, 1125, 1128–1129, 1132
judgments on, 104, 107, 116 as Flavius Josephus, 1090
mountains and, 760–761 function of, 1095–1103
new Jerusalem and, 271, 291, 491, 579–580 high priestly aristocracy and, 1089, 1098–1102,
Old Testament and, 104, 116, 155, 188, 191, 272, 1108–1109, 1125–1138, 1190, 1267, 1304
335, 536, 669, 675, 690, 758 historicism and, 1089
preterism and, 108 identity of, 1087–1094
proleptic anticipation and, 261 idolatry and, 1101, 1109–1119, 1130–1131, 1133
Roman Empire as, 100, 111 Jesus and, 1097–1098, 1100, 1121, 1125, 1136–1137
symbolism and, 675 Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 1096,
wind and, 690 1121–1125
Babylonian curtain, 1169, 1423, 1625 Jewish War and, 1092, 1108
backdrop of Old Testament. See Old Testament as Judean procurators, 1089, 1091
Balaam, 154, 158 Lamb and, 885, 953, 1059, 1066, 1081, 1085, 1087,
Balaamites 1103, 1157–1158, 1350–1352, 1493, 1526
apostasy and, 1149, 1755 mark of, 1138–1142
Jewish understanding of, 417, 441 Old Testament and, 1089, 1100, 1128, 1130–1131
meaning of, 417, 425 Olivet Discourse and, 1125
morning star and, 467 overview of, 420, 588n48
Pergamum and, 416, 440–441 phylactery and, 1139–1140
seven oracles and, 396, 398, 414–417, 426 as political messianism, 1090
sexual immortality and, 415–416 preterism and, 1089, 1124
symbolism and, 426 redemptive-historical excursus on, 1104–1121
synagogue of Satan and, 399–400 as religious entity, 1103
Balak, 154, 381, 385, 395, 414, 426, 440–441, 1149 Rome Empire and, 1096–1099
balances, 358, 623, 704 Satan and, 1103, 1121–1125
banishment, 160, 174, 328–330, 402, 438, 489, 503, symbolism and, 1100, 1107
506, 509, 863n30, 1025, 1043, 1045, 1141, 1349, 1371– synagogue of Satan and, 1101, 1122, 1140
1372, 1482, 1557, 1711, 1747 temple and, 1101, 1104–1121, 1130, 1133–1134
baptism, 255, 694, 729, 1004, 1491, 1552, 1700, 1702, as Vespasian, 1089–1090
1738 beast from the sea
baptism (Spirit), 1700 allusions and, 1048

1828 Subject Index
bear and, 1054 1007, 1009–1014, 1021, 1036, 1061, 1078, 1216, 1225,
blasphemy and, 1050–1051, 1069–1070 1246, 1357, 1359–1360, 1362, 1394, 1503, 1552, 1566,
book of life and, 1080–1081 1583, 1621, 1649, 1756
description of, 1049, 1054 birth pangs, 24, 55, 731, 1012, 1583
dominant understanding of, 1088–1090 bishops, 18, 353, 373, 703
Egypt and, 1338 bitter, 864–868, 977, 1044, 1354, 1698
emperor cult and, 1050–1051 bitterness, 765–766
false prophets and, 1066 blasphemy, 33, 37, 78–79, 270, 381, 385, 413, 432–433,
665, 911n55, 1032, 1050–1051, 1068–1070, 1080,
final judgment of the harlot and, 1338 1088, 1096, 1099, 1115, 1208–1209, 1221, 1253, 1290
identity of, 1045–1057 blood, 151, 271, 290–291, 726, 753–755, 1033, 1204–
idolatry and, 1065 1205, 1292, 1301, 1381, 1397, 1414, 1439, 1456–1458,
Israel and, 1043–1045, 1064–1067 1464–1465, 1571
Jesus and, 1045n4, 1081 bodies (dead), 29, 625, 630–634, 762–764, 789, 796–
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 1049, 797, 820, 841–842, 883, 940, 942, 947, 950–951, 954–
1070–1080 955, 958–960, 963–964, 980, 987, 990, 998, 1002,
Jewish War and, 1046, 1055–1056, 1061 1007, 1058, 1109, 1175, 1186, 1200–1204, 1206–1207,
1238, 1246, 1251, 1271, 1354, 1359, 1374–1378, 1381,
leopard and, 1054 1409, 1428, 1500–1503, 1506–1507, 1563, 1566, 1576,
lion and, 1054, 1056 1577, 1580, 1602, 1607, 1610, 1626–1627, 1684, 1698,
Nero and, 1052–1055, 1059–1063, 1070–1079 1700
number of, 1143–1144t, 1143–1153 bodies (heavenly), 278, 674, 767, 778, 998, 1002
Old Testament and, 1048, 1081–1082 bond-servants
overview of, 111, 435, 435n36, 1042–1045 AD 70 and, 1465
power of, 1057–1067 avenging of, 1292, 1301, 1381, 1397, 1439, 1457,
Rome Empire and, 1048–1075 1464–1465, 1571
saints and, 1070–1071 beatitudes and, 244–245
Satan and, 1046, 1048–1049 benediction and, 244
666 and, 1143–1144t, 1143–1153 communication design and, 44, 46, 186, 467, 577
symbolism and, 1046–1050, 1058, 1146 foreheads and, 1715
textual options for interpreting, 1082–1086 harlot and, 726
theme and, 1044 idolatry and, 451
tribulation and, 1071–1072 Jezebel and, 423, 425, 451–452, 455–456
war of, 1067–1086 judgment and, 1292, 1301, 1381, 1397, 1439, 1457,
beast of the abyss, 952, 954, 1314–1315, 1318, 1320– 1464–1465, 1571
1321, 1365 Lamb and, 1723
beasts (wild), 606, 618, 629–632, 752, 787, 794, 823, land-dwellers contrasted with, 688
1055, 1074, 1087, 1359–1360, 1374, 1376 new creation and, 1611
beatitudes new Jerusalem bride and, 1644
bond-servants and, 244–245 reward and, 930, 984–985, 1471
definition of, 243–245 sealed 144,000 and, 692, 694–696, 711, 713
Ezekiel and, 249 seven trumpet angels and seventh trumpet and,
great multitude and, 1472 984–985
judgment and, 1230 superscription and, 225, 241
opening beatitude, 243–250 symbolism and, 691
overview of, 243–250 things which must soon take place and, 1612,
performativity and, 247–248 1644, 1733, 1735–1736, 1760
perseverance through persecution and, 248 book (seven-sealed). See seven-sealed book
prophecy and, 248 book of life, 87, 202, 383, 386, 427, 468, 473, 647, 851,
983, 1067, 1074, 1080, 1315, 1320–1324, 1412, 1572,
seven beatitudes, 243–250
1602, 1604–1607, 1650, 1694, 1695–1696, 1717, 1721,
Before Jerusalem Fell (Gentry), 26 1731, 1759
beheading, 40, 329, 928, 1415, 1509, 1544–1545, 1558– bottomless pit, 168, 188, 776–778, 802, 1548
1559, 1563, 1565–1568, 1571, 1574, 1578, 1580, 1584,
bride (new), 154, 204–205, 261, 271, 551, 569, 571, 580–
1586
582, 599, 626. See also new Jerusalem bride
behold, 294–297, 477, 479, 513, 614, 619, 971, 1004,
bridegroom, 16, 556, 569–570, 573, 580, 944, 1357,
1154, 1177, 1308, 1737, 1761
1441, 1445, 1449, 1451–1452, 1472, 1475–1476,
Belial, 1462 1486–1487
benediction, 59, 87, 255, 1136, 1138, 1177, 1181, 1231, brimstone, 187, 437, 588, 713, 821–822, 824–826, 1074,
1479–1481, 1571, 1688, 1699, 1734, 1746, 1754, 1756 1174, 1175, 1401, 1505, 1507, 1509, 1512, 1558, 1588,
betrothal, 204, 555–557, 564, 574, 606, 699, 1162, 1164 1600–1601, 1638, 1654, 1658
birds, 126, 187, 529, 531, 632, 769–773, 1370, 1375–1376, burial, 51, 631–632, 868, 958–959, 977, 1055, 1359,
1426, 1486, 1499–1502, 1505, 1507–1508, 1516, 1538, 1506, 1615
1601 burning mountain, 744–745, 749, 759, 761
birth, 63, 85, 205, 258, 421, 573–574, 597, 602, 707, 801,
857, 900, 956, 973, 996–997, 999, 1000, 1002–1004,

Subject Index 1829
C new covenant and, 76, 153, 292–293, 336, 871,

884, 942, 962, 1188, 1193, 1363, 1444, 1451, 1561,
1588, 1595, 1611–1620, 1642, 1648, 1670, 1672,
C. Cestius Gallus, 897 1674, 1676–1677, 1718, 1723, 1726
Caesarea, 632, 809, 1051, 1092, 1099–1100, 1233, 1247, new creation and, 858, 1611–1620, 1648
1352, 1424, 1436 new Jerusalem and, 17, 339, 747
Caiaphas, 287, 289, 657, 722, 1081, 1092, 1125, 1216, new Jerusalem bride and, 1597
1387 prophetic authority of, 70–72
calf, 187, 528, 1112, 1114–1115, 1118, 1121, 1429 redemptive-historical focus and, 66–70
Caligula, 10, 31, 69, 284, 402, 537–538, 601, 671, 829, returners to Judaism from, 397
1051–1052, 1133, 1216, 1279 Roman persecution of, 20, 24, 26, 42, 51, 92, 482,
Callimachus, 373 616n5, 649–650, 662–663, 931, 1041, 1043–1045,
candelabra, 155, 339, 342, 526, 834, 1298, 1439, 1449– 1072, 1076, 1078–1079, 1142
1451, 1708 separation from Judaism of, 34–36, 38–39, 48, 53,
candlesticks, 118, 155–156, 190, 331, 338, 452, 1431, 68–69, 85, 408, 467, 571, 573–574, 596–597, 709,
1450–1451 852, 862–863, 900, 902–904, 916, 947n109, 977,
canonical status, 2–3, 10–15, 96, 109, 184–185, 581, 1035, 1488, 1495, 1625, 1653, 1674, 1753
1107, 1149 true Jews and, 35, 85, 154, 270, 407–408, 423,
capital punishment, 205, 304, 438, 523, 568, 613, 618, 480, 527, 585, 639, 697, 706, 715, 896, 1151, 1165,
931, 1056, 1097, 1405, 1565, 1663 1594, 1675, 1680, 1704, 1755
captives, 71, 269, 481, 632, 810, 1055, 1221, 1359–1360, two witnesses and, 943–947
1431, 1692, 1720 Christ-killer, 48–49, 72, 74, 84–85, 150, 204, 209, 214,
casting out, 35, 54, 73–74, 85, 107, 210, 222, 236, 265, 242, 271, 289, 293, 299, 303, 306–309, 313, 318
434, 567, 589, 613, 631, 768, 784, 831, 850, 879, 889, christology, 7, 212, 241, 260, 348, 388, 403–404, 409–
910–919, 930, 995, 1020, 1028, 1551, 1634, 1637, 1708 410, 449–450, 461, 493, 541, 584, 691–692, 1365, 1482,
catapults, 672, 754–755, 780, 816, 823, 826, 1220, 1226, 1490, 1498, 1537, 1587, 1687, 1699, 1723
1237–1238, 1243, 1251, 1253 chronology, 23, 90, 93, 164–170, 231, 234, 238, 350,
cattle, 631, 701, 828, 950, 1242, 1247, 1384, 1389, 1412, 688, 719, 735, 749–750, 1043, 1095, 1200, 1317, 1365,
1418, 1420, 1427, 1550 1487, 1537, 1601, 1612
cavalry, 58, 97, 486, 795, 808, 810–812, 822–824, 1060, Church fathers, 2, 14, 54, 95, 98, 331–332, 361, 399,
1350, 1354 529, 612, 844, 1029, 1457, 1488, 1491, 1511, 1533, 1700
caverns, 684–685 Church of the Apostles, 1156
caves, 491, 591, 666, 683–684, 696, 965n132, 1372 churches. See Ephesus; Laodicea; Pergamum; Phila-
censers, 339, 741–745, 749, 834, 1276, 1297, 1422, 1426, delphia; Sardis; Smyrna; Thyatira
1450 Cicero, 904–905, 1057, 1325, 1384
Cerinthus, 10 circumcision, 35, 268, 403, 409, 425, 496, 496n53,
Cestius Gallus, 616, 698, 897, 907, 1015, 1040, 1109, 652, 664, 704, 707–708, 894, 896, 1002, 1101, 1125,
1393 1140, 1160, 1619, 1675
chariots, 188, 195, 303, 572, 677, 793, 798, 807, 812–813, circumlocution, 516, 528, 685, 721, 1168, 1179
822, 825, 847, 1018, 1053, 1180, 1185, 1412, 1427–1428, City of David, 990, 1286
1494, 1593, 1671 City of God (Augustine), 9–10
cherubim, 529–532, 534, 572, 711, 745, 769, 990, 1196, civil wars
1297, 1666, 1670–1671, 1720, 1747 first six seals and, 614, 619
chiasm, 777, 825, 865, 936 Jewish civil war, 621–622, 624, 1411
chief priests. See high priestly aristocracy Roman civil wars, 24, 26, 31, 56–58, 99, 101, 351,
Chrestus, 863, 1045 485, 515, 620, 786, 906, 1053–1054, 1059, 1061–
Christ. See Jesus Christ 1062, 1094, 1210, 1246, 1273, 1336, 1341–1342,
Christianity. See also Jewish persecution of 1344, 1361, 1496, 1502, 1507
Christianity classical prophets. See Old Testament
AD 70 and, 30, 33–36, 51, 54–55, 60, 63, 66–70, Claudius Caesar, 31, 106, 284, 329, 366, 643, 661, 671,
205, 711, 852, 862–863, 902–904, 916, 943, 1044–1045, 1051, 1215, 1280, 1288, 1327
973–974, 976–977, 1035, 1488, 1495, 1501, 1529, cleansing (temple), 575, 913–914, 926, 1106–1107, 1126,
1625, 1653, 1753 1199, 1302, 1340, 1418, 1453, 1477, 1518, 1552, 1604,
anti-Semitism charges and, 210–212 1630, 1700, 1722, 1726
Apostolic Christianity, 49, 55, 101, 248, 258, 268, Clement of Alexandria, 10, 18, 40, 399, 1074–1078,
274, 287–288, 377, 389, 392, 425, 694, 863, 900, 1327, 1334, 1336
975, 996, 1553 client kings, 814, 817, 897, 907n50, 980, 1050, 1348–
composition date and, 32–38 1350, 1353, 1361
early spread of, 33, 100, 366, 496, 603, 615, 900, climacteric, 166, 168, 170, 749
904, 931, 1619 clouds, 48, 54, 149, 187, 237, 245, 266, 270, 295–298,
essence and peculiarity of, 291 302, 313–316, 319, 331, 340–341, 466, 536, 572, 578,
foundational history of, 35, 66–70 587–589, 592, 603, 675–677, 679, 764, 799, 807, 846–
847, 928, 963, 979, 1093, 1179–1183, 1219, 1264, 1484,
Jewish Christianity, 34, 52, 156, 280, 367, 426,
1488, 1494, 1532, 1628, 1705, 1744, 1760
433, 461, 496, 706, 709–710, 722, 870, 908, 943,
983, 1026, 1036, 1037, 1044, 1163, 1188, 1240, coins
1281, 1352, 1392, 1400, 1463, 1527 Jewish coins, 373–374, 880

1830 Subject Index
Roman coins, 58, 537, 763, 803, 1058, 1096, mind which has wisdom and, 32
1133n47, 1201, 1316, 1436, 1636 Olivet Discourse and, 28, 36
colors, 64, 154, 187, 194, 342, 518, 617, 623, 629, 647, overview of, 21, 38–40
678, 695, 713, 723, 821–822, 1169, 1267, 1291–1292, political evidence for, 30–32, 38
1294, 1296–1297, 1299, 1444, 1625, 1629, 1683
positive evidence for early date and, 10, 22–26,
comets, 571, 677 30, 35, 38, 40–42
commandments, 16, 60, 243, 557, 562, 595, 637, 701, preterism and, 22
833, 849, 861, 951, 989, 1036, 1040, 1085, 1089, 1102,
1139, 1174–1176, 1193, 1199, 1208, 1454, 1490, 1572, redemptive-historical focus and, 36
1632, 1642, 1654, 1656, 1658, 1715, 1734, 1740, 1757, seven kings and, 30–32
1758 socio-cultural evidence for, 32–38
commission, 864–869, 911, 943, 946, 980, 992, 1122, Son of Man and, 29
1137, 1496, 1556, 1592, 1663, 1732 source-critical theory of, 38–39
commissioning vision synagogue of Satan and, 29, 33–36
AD 70 and, 332 temple and, 27–30, 33–38
allusions and, 336, 340–341 confess, 16, 245, 269, 383, 386, 402, 406, 410, 423–
angels and, 352–355 424, 433, 469, 473–474, 651, 841, 1052, 1074, 1121,
commissioner in, 337–349 1138–1139, 1219, 1352, 1479, 1557, 1566, 1569, 1573,
description of, 329–337 1576, 1658, 1748
eimi view of, 351 conquer, 9, 17, 81, 349, 359, 417, 425, 436–437, 453, 466,
491, 586, 588–592, 598, 614–618, 723, 789–790, 800–
explication of, 349–355 802, 811, 815, 817, 845, 877, 897, 898, 906–907, 930,
Ezekiel and, 327, 347 947, 972, 1021, 1057, 1066, 1223, 1227, 1342, 1351–1352,
fulfillment view of, 350 1356, 1358, 1372, 1411, 1421, 1437, 1485–1498, 1502,
Hades and, 348–349 1548, 1564–1665, 1750
historical view of, 350 Constantine, 92, 377
interpretive use of, 350 consummation, 48, 89, 103, 231–232, 292, 297, 428,
Jesus and, 338, 340–348 490, 556, 600, 602, 669, 703, 773, 1183, 1393, 1453,
1504, 1517, 1519, 1524, 1530, 1608–1610, 1617, 1622–
keys and, 349 1623, 1626–1627, 1639, 1644, 1646, 1650, 1652, 1707–
Lord’s day and, 330–335 1708, 1713
Old Testament and, 338–341 contracts, 555, 699, 916, 1148, 1323n76
Patmos and, 327–329 convictions, 18, 113, 165, 211, 228, 241, 276, 304, 313,
setting of, 325–329 402, 407, 410, 425, 510, 651, 762–763, 829, 1030
seven churches and, 337, 345–346, 352–354 Coponius, 1097
seven lampstands and, 339–343, 351–352 corn, 58, 624, 741, 756, 789, 797, 950, 1245
seven oracles and, 358–361 Cornelius, 1393
Son of Man and, 340–348, 351 corpses, 29, 625, 630–634, 762–764, 789, 796–797,
spiritual kingdom and, 326 820, 841–842, 883, 940, 942, 947, 950–951, 954–955,
swords and, 346 958–960, 963–964, 980, 987, 990, 998, 1002, 1007,
1058, 1109, 1175, 1186, 1200–1204, 1206–1207, 1238,
symbolism and, 349, 351 1246, 1251, 1271, 1354, 1359, 1374–1378, 1381, 1409,
temple and, 339 1428, 1500–1503, 1506–1507, 1563, 1566, 1576–1577,
trumpets and, 334–337 1580, 1602, 1607, 1610, 1626–1627, 1684, 1698, 1700
voice and, 336–338 cosmic signs, 105, 644
witness and, 329 cosmic temple, 670, 990–991
composition date cosmology, 65, 689, 1341, 1592
AD 70 and, 22–24, 26, 33–38 Council of Laodicea, 10
allusions and, 21–22 Court of the Gentiles, 28, 150–151, 317, 329, 890–893
Antichrist and, 41 court scene
anti-Judaism and, 33–34 AD 70 and, 523–524
architectural evidence and, 26–30, 38 allusions and, 524
Christianity and, 33–38 altars and, 510
complexity of determining, 26 angels and, 520–521
concluding comments and, 38–40 celestial praise and, 531–540
date importance and, 22–26 centrality and importance of, 511–515
Domitianic date and, 25, 42 dispensationalism and, 515–516
early-date view on, 23–24, 30, 34, 38 elders and, 519–524, 530, 532–536, 540–541
external evidence for, 40–42 emperor worship and, 536–539
Ezekiel and, 29 Ezekiel and, 512–513, 516–517, 522, 526, 528–530
Hebraic character and, 32–38 forensic drama and, 515, 523, 778, 805
internal evidence for, 26–40 four living creatures and, 527–531, 534, 540
Jerusalem and, 27–28 heavenly court and, 524–531
Jewish War and, 24, 27 hymn of praise and, 532–540
late-date view on, 22–26, 31, 40–42, 477 Jesus and, 537

Subject Index 1831
judicial terminology and, 516–517 1003, 1009, 1010, 1013, 1097, 1141, 1235, 1295, 1383,
kings of the earth and, 518 1461, 1471, 1551, 1678, 1693
lightning and, 525–526 Crusades, 89
new creation and, 539–540 cups, 786, 839, 1102, 1174, 1194, 1199, 1228, 1234, 1242,
Old Testament and, 511–512, 517, 522, 525 1248, 1267–1268, 1283–1285, 1291, 1301, 1306–1308,
1312, 1354, 1368–1369, 1381, 1390, 1400–1401, 1478,
open door and, 513–514, 527 1656
overview of, 509–513 Cyprian, 18, 112, 299
promises and, 515 Cyril of Jerusalem, 2, 10
sea and, 526–527 Cyrus, 357, 365, 370, 375, 470, 1382
seven lamps and, 526
Son of Man and, 509, 515
spiritual transport and, 513–516 D
symbolism and, 529
throne of God and, 516–524 Dan (tribe), 715–716, 718
thunder and, 525–526 Daniel
trumpets and, 510 AD 70 and, 697, 991, 1018–1019
voice and, 514 angels and, 856–857, 1018, 1313
courtroom, 923, 1029, 1035, 1046, 1193, 1391, 1397, antichrist and, 1339
1439, 1467, 1478, 1560
anti-Judaism and, 34
courtroom drama, 196, 200, 242–243, 582, 585, 594,
636 antithetical allusions and, 1742–1743
covenant (new). See new covenant apocalypses and, 185, 223
covenant (old). See old covenant Babylon and, 1305, 1406
covenant, ark of, 80–81, 155, 192, 339, 443, 529 beasts and, 139
covenant curse, 136, 413, 551, 586, 624, 631, 636, 668, blasphemy and, 1069
673, 771, 785, 1022, 1188, 1194, 1196, 1199, 1204, 1230, burnished bronze and, 344
1244, 1443–1444, 1501, 1508 directive to conceal words and, 231, 237, 548, 583
covenant judgment, 75, 84, 249, 606, 768 dispensationalism and, 921
covenant lawsuit, 84, 161, 174, 198, 203–204, 257–258, dream of, 350
357, 379, 387, 393, 454–456, 563, 636, 640–641, 850, earthquake and, 1240
922, 929, 1252 final judgment and, 118
covenantal divorce, 1276 four beasts and, 869, 890, 934, 952–953, 1042,
covenantal judgment, 1466 1050, 1054, 1071, 1329, 1332–1333, 1337, 1519
covenantal structure, 379–384 fulfillment and, 1518
creation (new), 90, 172, 222, 428, 493–497, 519, 539– Gentile kingdoms of, 28n44
540, 548, 595, 597–598, 673, 678, 733n22, 768. See horns and, 1006, 1049, 1346
also new creation
Israel and, 118
creativity, 137, 147, 160, 272, 314, 547, 701, 984, 1337,
1519 King of kings and, 1498
Creator, 6, 19, 287, 450, 493, 519, 527, 530, 532, 856, kingdom and, 1067–1068, 1735, 1737
1624, 1629, 1649, 1741 literalism and, 186
creed, 1138, 1213, 1511, 1574 resurrection and, 962
crimes, 37, 84, 266, 299, 457, 546, 605, 794, 837, 839, Roman Empire and, 869, 1039, 1333
1074, 1097, 1116, 1453, 1503 saints persecuted and, 1008, 1038
Croesus, 365, 370 Son of Man and, 149, 316, 341, 344, 587, 846, 976,
cross (Jesus’), 65, 74, 111, 240, 291, 298, 305–307, 428, 1179
451, 518, 548, 589, 678, 862, 925, 988, 995, 1009, 1011, superscription and, 226
1012, 1025, 1028, 1102, 1104, 1107, 1111, 1163, 1213, symbolism and, 857, 1006, 1329, 1705
1221, 1224, 1235, 1316, 1452, 1459, 1491, 1494, 1551, theophanic appearance of Jesus in, 342
1584, 1639, 1650, 1702–1703, 1704
throne and, 1559, 1561–1562, 1603
crowns, 521, 591, 611, 996, 998–999, 1002, 1006, 1039,
1177, 1184, 1296, 1300, 1303, 1358, 1572, 1581, 1611 throne of God and, 203, 524
elders and, 201, 530, 534–535, 793 tribulation and, 856–857, 882, 1575
of gold, 9, 285, 519, 521, 793–794 two witnesses and, 935
of life, 45, 349, 374, 382, 385, 429, 436–437 as ultimate image source, 1562
crucified, 27, 37, 49, 54, 78, 84–86, 205, 270, 273, 289, white hair and, 344
297, 304, 307, 309–310, 313, 315, 319, 339, 401, 407, Darius the Mede, 1406
451, 462–463, 578, 631, 654–655, 754, 767, 883, 887, darkness, 17, 54, 168, 216, 265, 333, 434–435, 606, 668,
892, 909, 925, 940, 948, 951, 954, 1090, 1097, 1101, 672–676, 767–768, 777, 794, 796, 840, 848, 915, 931,
1119, 1198, 1204, 1213, 1232, 1241, 1265, 1289, 1309, 939, 1010, 1074, 1078, 1195, 1211, 1217–1219, 1221,
1362, 1375, 1416, 1437, 1443, 1459, 1506, 1602, 1677– 1413, 1444–1445, 1463, 1477, 1518, 1554, 1556, 1561,
1678, 1688 1625, 1639, 1645, 1668–1670, 1690, 1692–1694, 1698,
crucifixion (Jesus’), 36, 49, 51, 112, 150, 214, 271, 286, 1725, 1751
304, 306–307, 310, 318, 406, 412, 424, 429, 438, 575– date of composition. See composition date
576, 655, 660, 703, 767, 832, 883, 955, 982, 984, 986,

1832 Subject Index
David diaspora (Jewish), 38, 52, 56, 59, 63, 82–83, 124,
covenant of, 246, 1651, 1653 286, 370, 409, 448, 482, 490, 571, 652, 707, 717, 719,
forgiveness and, 1128 876–877, 885, 900–901, 904, 926, 928, 935, 961, 1041,
1046, 1071, 1090, 1102, 1104, 1112, 1137, 1148, 1150,
irony and, 142 1173, 1231, 1247, 1277–1278, 1280–1281, 1352–1353,
judgment and, 983 1363, 1393, 1524, 1755
key of, 79, 128, 155, 188, 202n142, 372, 380, 421, difficulty of interpretation, 1–7, 108, 704
426, 464, 475–476, 481–482, 488–489, 586, 642– Dio Cassius, 31–32, 57, 538, 685, 877, 906, 1061,
643, 708, 1548 1343n105, 1349
land and, 309 Diodorus Siculus, 33, 285, 917
morning star and, 420 Dionysius of Alexandria, 1–2, 14, 18, 20–21, 32, 77, 1570
Philadelphia and, 481–482, 488 Dionysius Periegetes, 373
Philistines defeated by, 957 dirge, 1173, 1191, 1364, 1412, 1643
as prophet, 1012, 1379 dischronology, 616n5, 1041, 1049, 1569
Root of, 256, 476, 518, 530, 545, 579, 586, 849, disciples, 14, 18, 28, 36, 51, 54, 67, 70, 74–75, 108, 143,
1751 145, 148, 150, 153, 214, 234, 252–253, 265, 308, 317,
seven-sealed book and, 586–587 320, 329, 346–349, 392, 400–401, 405–409, 422–423,
symbolism and, 188 427, 444, 463, 466–469, 504, 570, 575, 584, 600, 644,
throne of, 419 653–654, 656, 658, 677, 679, 697, 706, 712, 729, 835,
day and night, 510, 531–532, 579, 589, 638, 654, 724, 840, 871, 904, 910–911, 913–914, 916, 925, 932, 941,
730–731, 768, 953, 1024, 1026, 1030, 1053, 1174–1175, 945–946, 949, 975, 978, 979, 982, 1003, 1004, 1009,
1177, 1212, 1507, 1509, 1512, 1589, 1600–1601, 1662, 1011, 1013, 1022, 1027, 1033, 1104, 1119, 1122, 1136,
1687, 1712, 1746 1155, 1157, 1163, 1168, 1228, 1274, 1295, 1306, 1309,
1380–1381, 1401, 1458, 1463, 1472, 1476, 1517, 1551,
Day of Atonement, 286, 1197, 1300, 1422, 1447 1556, 1572, 1599, 1634, 1648, 1655–1656, 1668, 1693,
day of the Lord, 64, 331–336, 668–669, 673–675, 682, 1739, 1742, 1752
686, 729, 736, 940, 1023, 1218–1219, 1229–1230, 1231, dispensationalism
1406, 1484–1485, 1504, 1524–1525, 1533, 1666, 1688,
1738 antichrist and, 921
Dead Sea, 215–216, 435, 765, 801, 933, 1202–1203, anti-Semitism charges and, 205–208
1206, 1430, 1435, 1699 came to life issue and, 1576–1577
Dead Sea community, 215–216 court scene and, 515–516
Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS), 215–216, 435, 801 creedal problem and, 1574
death penalty, 205, 304, 438, 523, 568, 613, 618, 931, Daniel and, 921
1056, 1097, 1405, 1565, 1663 final judgment and, 105
deceit, 215–216, 391n13, 392, 397, 435, 1088, 1165, “first” resurrection problem, 1574–1575
1224, 1370, 1457 futurism’s popularity due to, 96
deconstruction, 115 historicism and, 90
deeds, 152, 174, 202, 215, 353, 375–376, 378, 380–391, literalism and, 1544
394–395, 416, 419, 434, 438, 441, 451–459, 464–471, measured temple and, 873, 899
477, 479, 498–500, 506, 572, 785, 847, 875, 901, 905,
916, 960, 983, 1104, 1106, 1140, 1148, 1156, 1171, 1174, missing resurrection problem, 1576
1176–1177, 1209, 1221–1222, 1244, 1281, 1294, 1302, new creation and, 1626
1307, 1370, 1388, 1390, 1397, 1401–1402, 1479, 1569, original audience and, 43
1585, 1600, 1602, 1606–1607, 1630, 1653, 1689, 1708, preterism and, 105, 113, 117, 206
1745, 1746 problems with the millennium and, 921,
deep things, 382, 386, 396, 400, 460–463, 1755 1574–1579
deification, 537 response to Robert Thomas and, 1577–1588
demons, 188, 333, 367, 666, 696, 776, 778, 781–782, Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1544–1545,
784, 786, 790–796, 800–805, 807–808, 821, 825, 828, 1573, 1574–1579
831, 910–911, 919, 1007, 1009–1010, 1020–1022, 1027, serious problems and, 1574–1577
1065, 1094, 1101, 1103, 1221–1222, 1224, 1226, 1228,
1316, 1316n70, 1341, 1364, 1367–1369, 1371, 1375, 1505, Seven Last Plagues and, 1225
1549, 1551, 1554, 1639 superscription and, 240
Demonstration of the Gospel (Eusebius), 299 symbolism and, 185, 252
Demosthenes, 501, 917 Thomas’s confusion and, 1577–1578
deparabolization, 147 Thomas’s error and, 1578–1579
depths, 104, 159, 272, 461–463, 583, 777–778, 1442, Thomas’s failure and, 1579
1613 throne and, 1562
deserting, 111, 444, 800, 1066, 1374–1375, 1395, 1414 two witnesses and, 921
desolation, 61, 147, 248, 296, 303, 312, 568, 572, 583, distancing, 576n39, 845, 1179
612, 644, 683, 697, 718, 838, 884, 1063, 1285, 1293, divine passive, 513, 780, 871, 932, 1067, 1206, 1361
1356, 1358, 1365, 1372, 1375, 1392, 1437, 1438, 1443– divine protection, 20, 102, 154, 174, 362, 437, 509,
1444, 1449, 1452, 1477, 1528, 1530, 1599, 1666 695–697, 699, 921, 948, 1038, 1673
devil. See Satan divine throne. See throne
diadems, 189, 284–285, 436, 615, 699n8, 801, 1303n57, divorce certificate, 205, 514, 551–553, 565–566, 577,
1490 581–582, 917
Dialogue with Trypho (Justin Martyr), 110

Subject Index 1833
divorce court drama, 203–205 beast from the sea and, 1338
divorce ritual, 1357 clouds and, 190, 302
dogs, 631, 789, 796, 1109, 1214, 1656, 1749 as dragon, 1005
dominion, 284, 291, 294, 319, 322, 453, 462, 538, 581, exodus from, 80–81, 155, 272, 442, 556, 747, 831,
591–592, 602–603, 770, 800, 810, 815, 818, 853–854, 848, 895, 951, 1037, 1163, 1172, 1240, 1463, 1487
975–976, 1047, 1057, 1061, 1066, 1071, 1074, 1093, firstborn of, 259
1096, 1211, 1247, 1346, 1462, 1489, 1498, 1502, 1548, foreign alliances and, 561–562
1552, 1600, 1627, 1670
Hebraic character and, 321, 726
Domitian Caesar, 22–23, 25–26, 39, 41–42, 328, 366,
536–537, 627, 649, 1086n37 Jerusalem as, 17, 78, 163, 213, 273, 282, 289, 315,
396, 413, 417, 424, 460, 533, 590, 639, 752, 759,
doors, 421, 477–478, 513–514, 572, 675, 797, 834–835 831, 883, 887, 892, 894–895, 924, 940, 948, 951,
double entendre, 305, 446, 466, 913, 1034, 1047, 1050, 955–958, 1016, 1037, 1101, 1172–1173, 1189, 1191,
1277n22, 1518, 1693 1197, 1214, 1224, 1260, 1266, 1566, 1594, 1614,
doxology, 221, 290, 294, 534, 602, 726, 1203 1640, 1657, 1677, 1722
dragon, 188–190, 236, 273, 439, 619, 693, 707, 726, 777, Jewish War and, 58
801, 803. See also sun-clothed woman and the red judgment and, 48, 302, 736, 895, 1266, 1443, 1625
dragon kingdom of God and, 860
dramas. See forensic drama; judicial drama light and, 1240
dramatic form Old Testament and, 80–81, 155, 272, 442, 669,
courtroom drama and, 196–203 993, 1266, 1286–1287, 1338, 1443, 1475, 1494
divorce court drama and, 203–205 plagues and, 167, 259, 321, 533, 736, 751–755, 761,
Jewish War and, 195 764, 766–767, 779, 781, 798, 951, 956, 1191, 1196,
judicial drama and, 198–200, 199–200t 1199, 1205, 1218, 1221, 1223, 1235, 1490
oral drama and, 192–196 promise to, 860
throne of God and, 200–201 right hand and, 542
witness and, 200–202 Roman Empire and, 815, 1050, 1150, 1280
drink offering, 634, 1194, 1300 seven mountains and, 1333
drunk, 154, 175, 189, 481, 645, 650, 754, 841, 1101, 1124, symbolism and, 190, 675, 948, 1050
1174, 1194, 1264, 1268, 1274–1276, 1282–1286, 1289, eighth, 1314–1316, 1340–1346
1292, 1301, 1306–1309, 1312, 1364, 1378–1379, 1408, eighth plague, 766, 798
1439, 1461, 1478, 1553, 1555, 1657, 1698, 1723 Elder John, 10, 14
dry bones, 856, 962, 967, 1019, 1580, 1583 elders
banishment and, 1141
E beast from the land and, 1176
court scene and, 519–524, 530, 532–536, 540–541
covenant and, 521
eagles, 69, 528–529, 739, 769–774, 804, 811, 848n7, crowns and, 201, 530, 534–535, 793
854, 1016, 1036–1038, 1133, 1166, 1443, 1499, 1502
fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1467
early date view, 10, 22–26, 30, 35, 38, 40–42, 1314, 1317
forensic drama and, 973–974
ears, 143–144, 147, 187, 194–195, 204, 357, 393, 426, 493,
heavenly multitude and, 726–727
556, 574, 636, 773, 956, 1067, 1081, 1112–1113, 1164,
1226, 1326, 1487, 1572, 1734, 1740, 1752 heavenly temple and, 988
earthly altar, 579, 633–634, 646, 742, 805–806 Jesus and, 266, 518, 1106, 1111, 1122, 1142, 1208
earthquakes, 81, 150–151, 166–167, 187, 195, 202, 376, Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 658–659
489, 491, 499, 510, 526, 529, 665–666, 671–672, 680, judicial authority of, 1564
686, 735–736, 738, 746–748, 756, 838, 961, 966–967, kings of the earth and, 263, 287
988–990, 1193, 1220, 1234, 1236–1237, 1239–1243, measured temple and, 888
1625, 1632, 1639, 1686
new covenant and, 586, 594, 727
echoes, 131–133, 195–196, 271–272, 316, 321, 348, 414,
new song and, 1161
434, 449, 519, 539, 542, 570, 573, 590, 758, 761, 778,
835, 856, 911, 964, 997, 1011, 1059, 1069, 1208, 1238, old covenant and, 523–524, 586, 594, 1008, 1026,
1282, 1360, 1391, 1414, 1445, 1639, 1643, 1650–1651, 1678
1652, 1664, 1746, 1760, 1761 Old Testament and, 1467
economic issues, 24, 65, 76, 115, 238, 286, 430–431, seven oracles and, 455–456, 461
459, 499, 562, 654, 674, 682–683, 905, 1092–1093, seven trumpet angels and seventh trumpet and,
1126, 1142, 1214, 1243, 1282–1283, 1287, 1361, 1378, 977–981
1383–1386, 1390, 1417–1418, 1430, 1432–1433, 1448, seven-sealed book and, 563, 584–587, 589, 593–
1460, 1591, 1609, 1625 594, 601–603
Eden, 598, 779, 1009, 1023, 1504, 1589, 1604, 1620, Stephen and, 888, 1113
1670, 1682, 1699–1703, 1706–1709, 1713–1714, 1720, symbolism and, 522
1747
throne and, 977–979, 1485, 1563–1564
Edom, 104–105, 669, 675
throne of God and, 977–979, 1485, 1563–1564
Egypt
worship and, 977–979, 1471
AD 70 and, 63
wrath and, 981
allusions and, 80–81, 155, 272, 442, 752
Eleazar, 933, 1132, 1244, 1377, 1387, 1411, 1454
angels and, 610

1834 Subject Index
elect, 150, 259, 520–522, 535, 579, 589, 638, 649, 654, 1523, 1525, 1526–1527, 1530, 1536–1537, 1542–1543,
722, 852, 870, 1020, 1026, 1063, 1073–1074, 1160, 1558, 1573–1574, 1576, 1578, 1589, 1592–1593, 1610,
1164, 1180–1182, 1495, 1696 1644, 1646–1647, 1665, 1675, 1677, 1679, 1712, 1716,
Eliakim, 421, 476 1721, 1738–1739, 1762. See also day of the Lord
Elijah, 73–74, 154, 160, 349n14, 357, 416, 423, 651, 883, Essenes, 51, 64, 274, 408, 815, 965n132
910, 924–925, 930, 932, 934–935, 939–941, 948–949, eternal gospel, 772, 1166–1169, 1171, 1175, 1693
958, 964, 965, 1123, 1128, 1148, 1507, 1599 Eumenes, 365, 368
Elisha, 188, 509, 798, 925n78 Euphrates, 168, 529, 712, 793, 804, 807–810, 813–814,
emperor worship, 30, 196, 366, 369, 371, 374, 517, 536– 867, 906, 1057, 1067, 1195, 1214, 1222–1226, 1228,
539, 662, 1050–1051, 1054, 1065, 1099–1100, 1101, 1230, 1250, 1258, 1277, 1279, 1350, 1436, 1442, 1698
1103–1105, 1107, 1109, 1111, 1113, 1115, 1117, 1119–1120, European Common Market, 70
1125, 1155, 1211–1212, 1314, 1536 Eusebius, 10, 14, 28, 37, 41, 111, 299, 303, 504, 612, 697–
emperors (as kings), 1327, 1331, 1333, 1336–1337, 1347 698, 882, 904, 933n88, 1015, 1078, 1393, 1401, 1557
endurance, 87, 326, 393, 483, 664, 721, 730, 905, 1063, evangelicalism, 6, 10–13, 24, 32, 43, 88, 92, 95–96, 103,
1083–1085, 1176, 1231, 1558, 1598, 1617 113–114, 183, 191, 206, 209, 211, 214, 238, 254, 319,
ensigns, 770–771, 1432, 1502, 1506 844, 993, 1007, 1012, 1017, 1058, 1331, 1511, 1522, 1558,
enthronement, 65, 298, 496, 503, 505, 553, 591–593, 1561, 1573, 1578, 1590, 1691
975, 1004, 1168, 1179, 1285, 1559, 1569 every eye, 48, 149, 294–295, 311–313, 316, 578, 603
Ephesus evil generation, 785
allusions and, 373 exaltation, 221, 258–262, 266, 341, 343, 346, 388, 430,
closing call and, 383 449, 491, 505–506, 584, 592, 844, 918, 1012–1014,
ethical stipulations and, 381 1017, 1020, 1022, 1120, 1212, 1442, 1488, 1595, 1615–
1616, 1633, 1664, 1725, 1735
expectancy and, 363
excommunication, 421, 441, 477–478, 482, 499, 663,
exposition of oracle to, 389–397 910–912, 915–916, 1140–1141, 1281–1282, 1755
false apostles in, 416 excurses
historical prologue and, 380 on beast from the land, 1104–1121
historical survey of, 364–367 on final judgment of the harlot, 1295–1299
inheritance provisions and, 383 on first six seals, 638–647, 650–665
Jesus and, 389–395, 427–428 on greeting and theme, 260–290
Jewish community in, 82, 84 on harlot of Babylon and the beast, 1258–1274
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 84–85 on kings of the earth, 260–290
legal allowances in, 1382 on measured temple, 910–919
legal sanctions and, 382 on new creation’s coming, 1611–1620
monuments in, 14 on new heaven and new earth, 1709–1723
Nicolaitans and, 398, 427 on Satan’s ruin and final judgment, 1513–1543
opening address to, 380 on sealed 144,000, 704–715
oracle formatting and, 384–385 on seven last plagues, 1211–1218
persecution of the saints in, 84 on seven oracles, 398–426, 446–451
promise to, 427 on seven-sealed book, 553–582
seven oracles and, 364–367, 373 on superscription, 227–239
Son of Man and, 389–391 on theme, 300–322
sovereign’s identification and, 380 execution, 51, 205, 306–307, 312, 401, 487, 661, 695,
tree of life and, 362, 427 749, 897–898, 961, 1083, 1085, 1102, 1116, 1122, 1197,
tribulation and, 1032 1276, 1336, 1398, 1461, 1512, 1565, 1571
ephod, 342–343, 561, 1296, 1421 exhortations, 44, 61, 109, 147, 354, 358, 377, 387, 388,
Epictetus, 619–620 426, 435, 468, 483, 740, 796, 1081, 1083, 1151, 1647,
Epiphanius, 904, 1015, 1157 1733–1734, 1739, 1742–1744, 1746, 1751, 1753–1754
Epistle of Aristeas, 1138 exile, 23, 29, 109, 132, 159, 203, 216, 237, 327, 329, 559,
571, 876, 895n34, 968, 1038, 1083, 1246, 1371, 1388,
Epistle of Barnabas, The, 31 1390, 1392, 1445, 1503, 1561, 1568, 1622, 1676, 1719
erasure, 267, 383, 386, 427, 468, 470, 472, 474, 647, exodus
1080, 1535, 1696, 1759
allusions and, 442–443, 747, 758, 831, 848, 1016,
escape, 112, 483–484, 531, 561, 652, 680, 684–685, 1191, 1292, 1463
697–698, 703, 708, 780, 805, 820, 824, 828, 830, 968,
1036, 1037, 1040, 1049, 1103, 1160, 1163, 1231, 1240, class of, 1391–1396
1372, 1375, 1392–1393, 1396, 1401, 1408, 1490, 1505, dragon and, 1005, 1040
1553, 1558, 1587, 1589, 1605, 1723 earthquakes and, 989
eschatological discourse, 72, 270, 606, 608–609, 624, Egypt and, 80–81, 155, 272, 442, 556, 747, 831,
644, 667, 677 848, 895, 951, 1037, 1163, 1172, 1240, 1463, 1487
eschatology, 72, 91, 95, 111–112, 134, 149, 155, 206, eschatology and, 1517
245, 267, 270, 334–335, 345, 418–419, 444, 472, 487, Ezekiel and, 1516
494, 503, 547, 606, 609, 624, 644, 667, 673, 675, 677, fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1391–1411
717–718, 720, 725, 856, 862, 884, 893, 896, 921, 940,
955, 965, 997, 1022, 1173, 1192, 1242, 1259, 1284, 1337, as foundational event, 80–81
1339, 1476, 1501, 1505, 1510, 1514–1515, 1517, 1519, hyperbole and, 1240

Subject Index 1835
lightning and, 989 living creatures and, 550

new creation and, 1622 marriage metaphor and, 555, 568–569
new exodus, 259, 291, 533, 596, 1016, 1100, 1189, measured temple and, 29, 871–872, 895
1191, 1490, 1640, 1653, 1723–1724 new covenant and, 1623–1624
old covenant and, 895, 1037–1038 new creation and, 1616, 1620, 1630, 1632, 1639–
Old Testament and, 67, 80–81, 596, 699, 772, 895, 1641, 1652
913, 957, 1027, 1039, 1065, 1191–1192, 1260 new heaven and new earth and, 1699, 1706, 1721
pillars and, 848, 1298 new Jerusalem and, 69, 140
plagues and, 81, 138 new Jerusalem bride and, 1662, 1666, 1671,
rationale of, 1397–1411 1674–1675
Red Sea and, 1040, 1189, 1223, 1391 rainbows and, 513
redemptive-historical focus and, 80–82 Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1514, 1516–
reverse exodus, 924, 1205 1521, 1522, 1538, 1592, 1596, 1596t, 1599–1600
seven last plagues and, 1197 scrolls and, 546, 864–865
tabernacle and, 1070, 1193, 1292, 1298, 1684 sealed 144,000 and, 690–691, 695–696
who is like and, 1019 seven last plagues and, 1197
exorcism, 784, 864, 910–912, 1009, 1013, 1021, 1454, seven-sealed book and, 542, 546–550, 555–562,
1547 568, 583, 592
eyes, 174, 187, 188, 298, 376, 378, 430, 500–501, 513, seventh seal and, 745
528, 530–531, 591, 847, 862–863, 876, 878, 892, 917, Spirit and, 330
975, 1018, 1060, 1100, 1101, 1105, 1130, 1136, 1146, symbolism and, 29, 242
1166, 1232, 1293, 1296, 1298, 1324, 1325, 1413–1414, temple and, 29, 140, 522, 871–872, 895
1422, 1483, 1488, 1522, 1606, 1638, 1643, 1646–1667,
1682, 1688, 1725–1726 throne of God and, 203, 514, 516–517, 524–526,
592, 846
eyes (flaming), 338, 344–345, 361, 385, 451–453, 459,
463 two witnesses and, 962
eyes (seven), 188, 190, 256, 529–530, 590–591, 1324, voice and, 345
1325n77
Ezekiel
AD 70 and, 1520–1521, 1523
F
allusions and, 851, 866, 1419, 1460, 1583, 1639,
1652 faces, 87, 139, 188, 338, 346, 528, 530, 684, 847, 1018,
altars and, 29, 1616, 1652, 1699, 1707 1136, 1295, 1305, 1600, 1668, 1689, 1724
angels and, 29, 696 faithful witness, 201, 241, 256–259, 292n18, 327, 423,
apocalyptic imagery in, 185, 223 439–440, 464, 475, 480, 494, 578, 613, 850, 922–923,
965, 1564, 1754
beatitudes and, 249
fall of Babylon the harlot
cherubim in, 530
allusions and, 1378
commissioning vision and, 327, 347
angel identified and, 1365–1366
composition date and, 29
angelic announcement of, 1364–1390
correlation argument and, 1516–1521
announcement declared and, 1366–1390
court scene and, 512–513, 516–517, 522, 526,
528–530 audience of call and, 1399–1400
divine jealousy and, 559 conclusive autopsy and, 1455–1460
dry bones and, 856 deep sorrow and, 1443–1455
exodus and, 1516 elders and, 1467
fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1366–1367, 1417, exodus call and, 1391–1396
1419–1420, 1428 exodus rationale and, 1397–1411
final judgment of the harlot and, 1291, 1347–1348, Ezekiel and, 1366–1367, 1417, 1419–1420, 1428
1355–1358 false prophet and, 1394–1395
final victory of the Lamb and, 1501 final destruction and, 1441–1460
first six trumpets and, 822 fire and, 1407–1409
four living creatures and, 139, 513 heavenly multitude and, 1461–1466
future temple and, 558 heavenly rejoicing over, 1461–1469
Gog and, 621 heavenly warning of, 1390–1411
harlot and, 29, 159, 560, 562 high priestly aristocracy and, 1382–1383
idolatry and, 1019, 1197, 1287 imprisonment and, 1372–1375
influence of, 21, 87, 125–127, 132, 135–140, 159, Jerusalem and, 1392, 1404, 1420–1421
163–164, 249, 327, 338, 512–513, 528–530, 542– Jesus and, 1369, 1372–1373, 1382, 1389–1390,
543, 546–547, 866–867, 869, 871–872, 962, 1261, 1393, 1418, 1431, 1463
1287, 1291, 1420, 1435, 1460, 1519, 1520, 1538, Jewish War and, 1369–1373, 1392, 1452–1453
1620, 1632, 1640, 1662, 1699, 1703, 1721
kings of the earth and, 1364, 1381–1385, 1412–
lamps and, 526 1416, 1434–1435, 1460
literary sources and, 126–127, 127t, 136–139 lamentations and, 1412–1416
little book and, 856, 864–869 merchants and, 1382–1390, 1417–1434

1836 Subject Index
Old Testament and, 1368, 1375, 1383, 1402–1403, historical judgment and, 1350–1363
1428, 1432, 1439, 1454 Jewish War and, 1353–1354, 1358–1360
saints and apostles rejoice and, 1439–1441 kings of the earth and, 1347–1348, 1362
shipmasters and sailors lament and, 1434–1438 nakedness and, 1357–1358
slaves and, 1428–1430 Old Testament and, 1303, 1306–1307, 1321, 1330,
sorcery and, 1453–1455 1338, 1340, 1354–1355
synagogue of Satan and, 1369, 1396 parallelisms and, 1341t
theodicy and, 1463–1464 redemptive-historical excursus on, 1295–1299
throne voice commands praise and, 1467–1469 Roman Empire and, 1324–1339, 1352–1353
trumpets and, 1446–1447 Satan and, 1338–1339, 1351
varied responses to, 1412–1441 seven kings and, 1324–1339
voice and, 1451, 1462 seven mountains and, 1324–1336
wealth and, 1382–1390 symbolism and, 1330
wine and, 1379–1380 synagogue of Satan and, 1307
false apostles, 392, 416, 1755 temple’s adornment and, 1297–1299
false messiahs, 423, 476, 608n2, 1381n20, 1394 ten kings and, 1343–1350, 1361
false prophets, 190, 254, 286, 344, 392, 410, 413, 416, theme and, 1320
420, 423–424, 453, 457, 694, 731, 800, 867, 933, 959, Final Prophecy of Jesus, The (Collins), 90
1103, 1123–1124, 1136, 1228, 1375, 1394–1395, 1671, final testimonies and admonition
1741
AD 70 and, 1738–1745
false witnesses, 74, 258, 305, 497, 581, 655, 657, 836,
1024, 1107, 1110, 1120, 1290, 1368, 1400, 1488 Alpha and Omega and, 1746
famines, 106, 150, 617–619, 623–630, 632, 643, 666, angelic attestation and, 1729–1737
755–756, 761, 780, 783, 789–790, 796–797, 838, 842, angel’s testimony and, 1729–1742
964, 1081, 1207, 1245, 1369, 1395, 1405, 1407, 1409– Apostle’s confusion and, 1739–1742
1411, 1487, 1502, 1506 exhortations and, 1734
Feast of Ingathering, 720, 724–725 Hebraic character and, 1736
Feast of Tabernacles, 720, 723–725, 1435 idolatry and, 1741
feasts, 11, 83, 415, 570–573, 575, 624, 630–631, 652, Jesus and, 1735
720, 723–725, 783, 802, 827, 830, 835, 915, 944, 968, Lord’s blessing and, 1737–1739
974, 1129, 1221, 1322, 1325, 1363, 1373, 1410, 1451,
Old Testament and, 1741–1743
1453, 1473–1474, 1476, 1480, 1487, 1494, 1645, 1652,
1663, 1666 parallelisms and, 1730–1732, 1730–1732t
fig trees, 74, 266, 277, 575, 665, 673, 676–677, 681, 691, solemn admonition and, 1742–1749
759, 763, 838, 1107 theme and, 1733–1734
final attestation and blessing final trumpet, 843, 860, 991
AD 70 and, 1752 final victory of the Lamb
closing blessing and, 1763–1764 AD 70 and, 1471, 1477, 1480, 1485, 1495
idolatry and, 1757–1758 clothing and, 1490–1494
Isaiah and, 1752–1753 doom of the beasts finalized and, 1505–1508
parallelisms and, 1753, 1753t Ezekiel and, 1501
warning to everyone who hears and, 1754–1759 fire and, 1488, 1507
final judgment of the harlot. See also Satan’s ruin and forensic drama and, 1482
final judgment Jesus and, 1483–1499
adultery and, 1356–1357 Jewish War and, 1501–1502
alignment of the harlot and the Beast, 1275–1312 judgment and, 1483–1499
allusions and, 1300 marriage of the lamb prepared and, 1470–1483
analytical summation and, 1343–1363 martyrs and, 1493–1494
angel’s interpretive assistance and, 1312–1313 name of God and, 1489–1491
angel’s invitation and, 1275–1284 Old Testament and, 1475n4, 1496–1498
beast and, 1313–1343, 1321t, 1361 parallelisms and, 1499, 1499t
beast from the sea and, 1338 Satan and, 1484–1485
book of life and, 1323–1324 supper of God announced and, 1499–1508
decor of Jerusalem and, 1295–1299 war and, 1485–1488
description of harlot and, 1284–1295 white horse and, 1488
divorce and, 1354–1355 Word of God and, 1491–1492
dress of harlot and, 1295–1299 worship and, 1481
eighth and, 1340–1346 fire
explanation of the Beast and, 1312–1350 AD 70 and, 678, 759, 823, 837, 929, 949, 1207–
Ezekiel and, 1291, 1347–1348, 1355–1358 1208, 1408–1409, 1605, 1702
gold cup and, 1300–1301, 1308 altars and, 742, 744–749, 1128–1129, 1131, 1184,
harlot of Babylon and the beast and, 1275–1284 1236
high priestly aristocracy and, 1296, 1299–1312, beast from the land and, 1123–1124, 1125, 1128–
1347–1349 1129, 1132

Subject Index 1837
breath and, 1219 preterism and, 650

censers and, 742, 744–745 red horse and, 616–621
chaff and, 265 redemptive-historical excursus on, 638–647,
chariots of, 188, 303 650–665
colors and, 713, 822 sealed 144,000 and, 612, 633
day of the Lord and, 333 second seal, 618–622
divine fire, 112 sixth seal, 665–686, 668t
eyes of, 344, 361, 380, 385, 391, 451, 453, 459, 591 stars and, 666
fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1407–1409 swords and, 621
final victory of the lamb and, 1488, 1507 symbolism and, 610–611, 671–672, 675–676
fire-breathing, 117, 188, 823, 826 third seal, 622–628
first six trumpets and, 753–763 white horse and, 615–618
gold refined by, 500 white robes and, 647
Jewish War and, 820–828, 830, 837 wild beasts and, 632
judgment and, 15, 65, 188, 265, 744, 931, 939, 942, first six trumpets. See also seventh trumpet
1174, 1206 abyss opened and, 775–779
lake of, 189, 349, 424, 731, 1074, 1466, 1504–1505, activity of horsemen and, 821–828
1507, 1509, 1512, 1520, 1522, 1537–1538, 1542, AD 70 and, 759–764, 768
1546, 1558, 1584, 1587–1588, 1600–1602, 1605, allusions and, 753–754, 795
1607, 1691, 1694, 1717, 1746, 1748
altars and, 169, 773, 777, 805–806
new creation and, 1613
angels and, 776–778, 807–812, 810t
pillars of, 345, 843, 847–848, 855
blood and, 753–755
Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1512
bottomless pit and, 777–778
seven bowls and, 188
breastplates and, 821–822
seven last plagues and, 1189, 1207–1208
chariots and, 798
true faith and, 500
chiasm and, 825
two witnesses and, 948–949
demons and, 784–789, 794, 802
first and the last, 321, 338, 348, 359, 361, 373, 380, 385,
428–429, 431, 435, 449, 1163, 1332, 1651, 1733, 1742, eagles and, 769–774
1746 Ezekiel and, 822
first fruits, 699, 704, 706, 719, 721 fallen star and, 764–765
first six seals. See also seventh seal fifth trumpet, 775–804
AD 70 and, 625, 634, 645, 666–667, 673, 678 fire and, 753–763
allusions and, 642, 646–647 first trumpet, 753–758
altars and, 633, 649 four living creatures and, 772
ashen horse and, 628–629 fourth trumpet, 767–768
black horse and, 92, 623, 627 futurism and, 750
civil wars and, 614, 619 Hebraic character and, 777
courtroom drama and, 636 historicism and, 750
Death and, 629–630 horsemen’s number and, 811–821
distinctness of, 610 idolatry and, 830–839
earthquakes and, 671–672 ironic reversal and, 766
famines and, 623–627 Jewish high priesthood and, 766
fifth seal, 632–638, 647–650, 667 Jewish War and, 762, 799–800, 802, 817, 826
first seal, 613–618 Lamb and, 760, 768, 777, 830
four living creatures and, 611–614, 625 land-dwellers and, 781
fourth seal, 628–632 lions and, 823
Hades and, 629–630 literalism and, 767
Hebraic character and, 616, 640 locusts and, 779–800
introduction of, 605–613, 607t Old Testament and, 751–752, 751t, 754, 760–762,
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 633, 825–826
650–665 Olivet Discourse and, 774
Jewish War and, 620–621 overview of, 749–752
kings of the earth and, 645–646, 682 plagues and, 165, 168, 735, 751–752, 751t, 754
Lamb and, 606, 611–614, 618, 623, 628, 633–634, Roman Empire and, 805–806, 815
647, 665–668, 683–686 Satan and, 800–803
land-dwellers and, 638–647 sea and, 761–762
martyrs and, 634–636, 648–649 second trumpet, 758–763
Old Testament and, 639–640, 641–642, 680–681 seven bowls and, 752–753, 753t
Olivet Discourse and, 610, 646, 667, 674 Sicarii and, 787–789
overview of, 605 sixth trumpet, 804–842
plagues and, 779–782 smoke and, 778

1838 Subject Index
stars and, 767–768, 775–779 foreshortening, 230, 1012
symbolism and, 782 fornication, 419, 565, 581, 707, 839, 1108, 1162, 1284,
synagogue of Satan and, 781 1302, 1378, 1381, 1455
temple and, 834–835 forty-two months, 27–28, 150–151, 317, 579, 782, 857,
third trumpet, 763–767 871, 881, 883, 896, 897–898, 935–936, 943, 955, 1019,
1063, 1067, 1068–1069, 1071–1074, 1539, 1612, 1746
three woes announced and, 769–775
foundation stones, 702, 943, 999, 1001, 1616, 1676–
throne of God and, 772 1678, 1682–1683, 1715
unrepentant survivors and, 828–842 four angels, 689–693, 694, 698, 711, 776–778, 807–812,
voice and, 805–806 810t
wormwood and, 764–766 four beasts, 869, 890, 934, 952–953, 1042, 1050, 1054,
first woe, 774, 804, 821, 829, 910, 971, 1022 1071, 1329, 1332–1333, 1337, 1519
firstborn from the dead, 37, 251, 256–259, 274, 291, four corners of the earth, 530n15, 603, 688–689, 711,
327, 342, 494–495, 589, 965, 976, 1012–1013, 1340 807, 1194, 1509, 1588, 1592, 1599
first-fruits, 1244 four horsemen, 614, 634, 689–690. See also first six
fiscus Judaicus, 63 seals
Flaccus (L. Valerius), 83, 158, 369 four living creatures
flashback, 995, 1046, 1707 court scene and, 527–531, 534, 540
Flavians, 58, 898, 902–903, 1062, 1065, 1316 creation and, 603
fleeing, 67, 74–75, 248, 264–265, 317, 401, 484, 644, Ezekiel and, 139, 513
654, 668, 680, 683, 697–698, 706, 729, 805, 837, 907, face and, 139
913, 916, 924–925, 944–946, 1014–1016, 1033, 1036, first six seals and, 611–614, 625
1038–1040, 1155, 1163–1164, 1202, 1231, 1243, 1267, first six trumpets and, 772
1285, 1372, 1392–1394, 1397, 1433, 1452, 1528, 1603–
1607, 1613, 1648 heavenly multitude and, 726
flight, 87, 111, 166, 687, 697–698, 706, 770–772, 824, lions and, 849
1014–1015, 1022, 1032, 1037, 1040, 1046, 1094, 1116, mighty angel and, 849
1201, 1391, 1393, 1400, 1487, 1506, 1605 Old Testament and, 154
flood, 519, 568, 758, 1036, 1038–1041, 1108, 1414, 1561 sealed 144,000 and, 689
floors, 73, 265, 701, 766, 837, 841, 1108, 1126–1127, 1388, seven bowls and, 1194
1424, 1429, 1695 seven-sealed book and, 593–594, 601, 603
Florus, 897, 907, 1089, 1098, 1132, 1227, 1247, 1437 song before, 1161, 1462
foreheads, 126, 140, 468, 491, 692, 694–695, 699, voices and, 973
706–707, 775, 780–781, 1095, 1138–1140, 1158, 1164, Four Views on the Book of Revelation (Pate), 89
1174, 1268, 1284, 1303–1304, 1312, 1509, 1559, 1566,
1698, 1724, 1725 four winds, 280, 530n15, 603, 689–690, 772–773, 807,
944, 1182, 1203, 1332, 1452, 1756
forensic drama
fourth day of creation, 768
apostles and, 239
French Revolution, 89, 92
Babylon and, 1172
friends, 7, 396, 556, 569, 767, 1290, 1319, 1334, 1433
court scene and, 515, 523, 778, 805
fulfillment, 36, 66, 71, 88, 93, 95, 97–98, 103–104, 118,
covenant and, 379 136, 138–139, 146, 151, 153, 159, 186, 191, 207, 227, 231–
elders and, 973–974 233, 238, 252, 278, 301, 310, 339, 350, 413, 453, 497,
exile and, 506 515, 547–548, 612, 669, 705, 828, 855, 857, 865, 899,
faithful witness and, 257 927, 941–942, 947, 984, 1007, 1019, 1043, 1079, 1110,
final victory of the lamb and, 1482 1119, 1156, 1253, 1326, 1517–1519, 1521, 1525, 1532,
1568, 1603, 1614, 1617, 1642, 1647–1648, 1680, 1723,
Hebraic character and, 554 1726, 1737, 1742, 1745, 1752, 1754, 1762
Holy Spirit and, 506, 509 futurism, 88, 90, 95–97, 101, 117
idolatry and, 639
judgment and, 1488
justice and, 1398 G
kings of the earth and, 290
Lamb and, 1457 Gabbatha, 399, 1235
land-dwellers and, 643–644 Gaius, 10, 31, 402, 537, 601, 829, 1051–1052, 1133, 1216,
liars and, 391–392 1279
Old Testament and, 937, 1756 Galba, 23, 31–32, 57, 98, 111, 504n56, 1059–1060, 1327–
preterism and, 845 1328, 1335–1336, 1341
Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1559 Galilee, 286, 407, 574, 617, 676, 679–681, 700, 756, 763,
seven-sealed book and, 554 815, 818–819, 824, 898, 1200, 1207, 1246–1247, 1250,
synagogue of Satan and, 1189 1435, 1487
testimony and, 1482, 1493, 1760 Gamaliel, 51, 409, 657, 714, 966, 1108, 1670
theme and, 204 Gamaliel II, 35
throne and, 1017, 1464, 1603 garden, 428, 676, 757, 779, 1699, 1703, 1720
witnesses and, 329, 440, 497, 922, 1464, 1493 garments, 65, 87, 342–343, 376, 382–383, 386–387, 468,
473, 492, 500–501, 519–521, 524, 647, 723, 730–731,
wrath and, 1189

Subject Index 1839
754, 794, 832, 847, 936, 1170, 1292, 1294, 1296, 1298– 742, 744, 747, 769, 772, 793, 846, 977–979, 1017,
1300, 1307, 1357, 1414–1415, 1421–1422, 1683 1020, 1064, 1131–1132, 1464, 1485, 1559, 1561–
gates, 86, 115, 189, 213, 244, 274, 349, 413, 515, 622, 1562, 1563–1564, 1603, 1615, 1678, 1699–1700,
632, 680, 702, 707, 818, 834, 891, 990, 1197, 1298, 1723–1724
1366, 1425, 1428, 1445, 1506, 1612, 1674–1675, 1680 word of, 42, 45, 108, 121, 162, 202, 217, 242–243,
gē 248, 301, 328, 347, 354, 634, 862, 896, 901, 942,
Jesus and, 278–279 1222, 1351, 1361, 1470, 1479, 1480–1483, 1491–
1493, 1497, 1508–1509, 1547, 1559, 1565, 1568,
kings of the earth and, 275–282 1741, 1744, 1762
meaning of, 275–282 Gog, 80, 126, 154, 621, 1048, 1501, 1509, 1514, 1519–
New Testament use of, 278–279 1522, 1590–1592, 1595–1597, 1599–1601, 1605
Old Testament use of, 275–278 gold, 52, 83, 158, 188, 342, 345, 369–370, 372, 382, 387,
Olivet Discourse and, 278 453, 500, 538, 591, 694, 743, 770, 775, 793–794, 805,
Revelation use of, 279–282, 281t 819, 829, 831, 833–835, 872, 873, 878, 904, 937, 1106,
theme and, 309–310 1194, 1267, 1268, 1271, 1283–1284, 1291–1301, 1306–
1308, 1358–1359, 1389, 1412, 1415, 1418, 1421–1426,
generation, 7, 36, 39, 43, 48–49, 51, 74–75, 93–94, 110, 1431–1432, 1434–1435, 1448, 1450, 1665, 1667–1668,
112, 117, 146–147, 153, 209, 231, 234, 237, 252, 266, 271, 1675, 1678–1679, 1681–1684, 1688, 1694, 1698, 1708,
318, 361, 419, 431, 451, 487, 548, 574, 584, 592, 609, 1712
645, 668, 677, 721, 729, 785, 789–790, 842, 860, 904,
907, 957, 987, 1015, 1022, 1081, 1119, 1123, 1160, 1163, golden altar, 155, 169, 739, 742–745, 749, 804–805,
1175, 1183, 1218, 1240, 1262, 1274, 1311, 1347, 1353, 1276, 1297, 1422, 1426, 1450
1369, 1398, 1401, 1432, 1459, 1476, 1532–1533, 1744 golden calf, 1112, 1114–1115, 1118, 1121
genre, 182–185, 1326, 1577, 1579, 1763 golden crowns, 9, 285, 519, 521, 793–794
geo-political Israel, 207, 930, 947n109, 1692 golden girdle, 342, 1296, 1299, 1667
Gessius Florus, 897, 907, 1089, 1098 Gomorrah, 164, 191, 213, 274, 418, 584, 669, 752, 758,
Gnosticism, 120, 395–396, 400, 447, 461–463 825–826, 830, 840, 911, 924, 956–957, 1128, 1219,
1266, 1401
God
grace, 20, 77, 253–255, 406, 496, 634, 687, 692, 701,
as Alpha and Omega, 321–322, 348, 449, 539, 786, 817, 857, 871, 1248, 1477, 1487, 1531, 1616, 1629,
1071, 1638, 1651, 1733, 1735, 1742, 1745–1746 1642, 1644, 1647, 1677, 1706, 1724, 1732, 1758–1759,
as Creator, 6, 19, 287, 450, 493, 519, 527, 530, 532, 1763–1764
856, 1624, 1629, 1649, 1741 grammar, 38, 48, 77–78, 82, 123, 135, 156–157, 191, 242,
face of, 87, 684, 1724 248, 254, 269, 295, 326, 328, 727, 736, 766, 872, 1149,
as Father, 19, 65, 71, 212, 224, 253–255, 261, 1478, 1709, 1714
344, 450, 846, 847, 881, 915, 925, 930, 943, 973, grape harvest, 720, 1181, 1613
977–978, 985, 1014, 1031, 1033, 1036, 1064, 1074, grass, 188, 260, 625, 745, 755–756, 758, 780, 852, 1746
1103, 1107, 1118, 1138, 1154, 1158, 1160, 1164, 1170,
1174, 1178, 1228, 1235, 1262, 1264, 1304, 1315, great city, 54, 81, 170, 260, 310, 315, 580, 622, 756, 760,
1391, 1441, 1468, 1472, 1476, 1510, 1511, 1561, 837, 880, 882–883, 886–887, 892, 940, 947, 951, 954,
1569, 1573, 1581, 1603–1604, 1636, 1642, 1653, 958, 967–968, 975, 986, 1171, 1190–1191, 1198, 1217,
1658, 1665, 1668, 1684, 1686, 1699, 1725 1227, 1234, 1239, 1241–1242, 1260, 1263, 1265–1267,
1275, 1318, 1348, 1351, 1356, 1360, 1362, 1383, 1412,
as Governor, 6, 894, 1093 1415, 1416, 1418, 1423, 1434, 1437, 1441, 1443, 1445,
as husband, 203–205, 554–556, 559–561, 564– 1453, 1497, 1566, 1637, 1663
567, 619, 626–627, 699, 732, 766, 795, 831, 848, Great Commission, 75, 86, 1592
866, 917–919, 1286, 1294, 1300, 1305–1306,
1354–1357, 1404, 1438, 1453, 1477–1478, 1611, great fear, 961, 963, 1754
1619, 1635, 1637, 1639, 1642, 1663, 1667, 1683 great multitude, 169, 473, 572, 612, 633, 684, 702, 704,
as Judge, 6, 530, 534, 539, 584, 685, 1560, 1624, 712–714, 718–719, 721–730, 1026, 1061, 1161, 1163,
1657 1196, 1279, 1313, 1360, 1457, 1461–1462, 1467, 1470,
1472, 1502, 1543, 1571, 1597, 1666, 1676
kingdom of, 852, 860, 895, 908, 915–916, 940,
941–942, 965, 975, 979, 991, 1009–1010, 1022, great prophets, 145, 159, 257, 1267, 1743
1078, 1164, 1189, 1262, 1418, 1431, 1466, 1547, great supper, 87, 205, 244, 332, 334, 580, 584,
1551–1552, 1554, 1561, 1633, 1634, 1649, 1665, 1499–1501
1676, 1695, 1722, 1735, 1737, 1742, 1744 great tribulation, 55, 296, 317, 326, 382, 386, 451, 457–
name of, 87, 198, 427, 694, 840, 858, 1160, 1203, 458, 484, 516, 547, 721, 723, 727–734, 847, 856–857,
1205, 1208, 1303, 1337, 1467, 1698 873, 921, 1014, 1156, 1176, 1241, 1487, 1517, 1543, 1574–
as Redeemer, 917, 1003, 1032 1575, 1586, 1646, 1687
right hand of, 54, 188, 190, 266, 298, 313, 345– great white throne, 1560, 1602–1605
349, 351, 361, 380, 390, 453, 466, 505–506, 541– Greek, 7–8, 16, 20, 23, 32, 34, 39–41, 44, 46, 61, 77–78,
543, 545, 550, 578, 589, 591–592, 611, 613, 776, 120, 127–129, 132, 156–157, 166, 176, 184, 192–196,
856, 928, 963, 979, 1012, 1020, 1029, 1092, 1095, 221, 243, 246–247, 269, 279–280, 285, 300, 309–311,
1138, 1140, 1161, 1180, 1447, 1488, 1582, 1675, 1744 313, 316, 321, 344, 365, 390–391, 399, 406, 429, 432,
seven spirits of, 190, 255–256, 380, 386, 468–469, 436, 438, 442–438, 443, 448, 453, 466, 486, 493, 495,
526, 542, 585, 590–591 518, 524, 536, 577, 587, 591, 594, 598, 603, 633, 640,
649, 742, 752, 773–776, 800–801, 805–806, 811, 815,
throne of, 84, 152, 174, 192, 197–198, 200–203, 861–863, 867, 876, 889–890, 929, 934n88, 951, 954,
226, 242, 253–254, 257, 259, 310, 333, 502, 974, 978, 979, 1010, 1021, 1033, 1051, 1052, 1055, 1056,
510–524, 525, 527, 529, 532, 540, 544–546, 578, 1058, 1068, 1082–1083, 1085, 1110, 1118, 1143, 1145,
582–583, 587, 591–592, 597, 603, 605, 612–614, 1147–1150, 1152–1153, 1193, 1226, 1241, 1252, 1278,
689, 720, 723, 725–728, 730, 733–734, 738, 1285, 1321, 1330, 1375, 1378, 1390, 1402–1403, 1427,

1840 Subject Index
1467, 1469, 1470, 1489, 1491, 1570n72, 1587, 1600, 1616, saints and, 175, 189, 271
1651, 1661, 1679, 1701, 1704, 1706, 1711, 1713–1714, seven-sealed book and, 560–561, 580
1716, 1720, 1762–1763 symbolism and, 112, 189–190
greeting and theme. See also theme harlot of Babylon and the beast. See also final judg-
Acts 4 illustration and, 287–288 ment of the harlot
AD 70 and, 267 AD 70 and, 1350
allusions and, 272–274 climax expectation and, 1271–1272
apocalypses and, 302–303 contemporary expectation and, 1263
blessing and, 253–259 contemporary parallel and, 1268
doxology and, 290–294 extra-biblical evidence and, 1262–1263
Hebraic grammar and, 269 final judgment of the Harlot and, 1275–1284
Holy Spirit and, 252–257 Jerusalem and, 1258–1274
Jesus and, 255–261, 265, 290–292 kings of the earth and, 1282, 1312, 1317–1318
kings of the earth and, 260–290 leading concern and, 1264–1265
legal case against Israel and, 257–258 literary structure and, 1268–1271
Old Testament and, 292–294 New Testament and, 1262
Olivet Discourse and, 270–271 Old Testament and, 1260–1263, 1266, 1274
perseverance and, 253 overview of, 1257
preterism and, 263 parallelisms and, 1269–1271
redemptive-historical excursus on, 260–290 present context and, 1267–1268
salutation and, 251–252 previous example and, 1265–1267
seven churches and, 251–252 redemptive-historical excursus on, 1258–1274
seven spirits and, 254–256 Revelation setting and, 1263–1268
solecism and, 253 Roman Empire and, 1273–1274
source of grace and peace and, 253–254 theme and, 1264
symbolism and, 251–252 harvest, 129, 168n114, 624, 626, 715, 720, 725, 1164–
theme and, 294–322 1165, 1180–1184, 1431, 1501, 1593, 1613, 1646
witness and, 292 heal (healed), 1578, 1617, 1637, 1697–1699, 1706–1708,
Gyges, 370 1721, 1726
healing, 189, 369, 402, 477, 501, 912, 997, 1057–1059,
1062–1063, 1095, 1121–1122, 1157, 1199, 1225, 1320,
H 1342, 1454
heavenly altar, 235, 633–646, 742, 777, 806, 830, 835
heavenly bodies, 278, 674, 767, 778
Hades, 188–189, 348–349, 475, 629–630, 776, 1034,
1542, 1544, 1548, 1554, 1572, 1602, 1607, 1647, 1677, heavenly court, 524–531, 1020, 1030, 1046, 1088, 1154,
1746 1189, 1397n38, 1399, 1405, 1493, 1751
Hagar, 425, 760, 916, 919, 997, 1362 heavenly host, 602, 678, 764
hail, 166–167, 187, 526, 744–745, 747, 753–754, 989– heavenly multitude, 1461–1466
990, 1039, 1181, 1205, 1234, 1240, 1252–1253 blessings of, 730–734
hair, 338, 344, 346, 623, 673, 794–795, 822, 871, 936, covenant and, 720
1231, 1421, 1452 elders and, 726–727
hallelujah, 78, 156, 633 Feast of Tabernacles and, 723–725
hand (right), 54, 188, 190, 266, 298, 313, 345–349, 351, four living creatures and, 726
361, 380, 390, 453, 466, 505–506, 541–543, 545, 550, identity of, 727–730
578, 589, 591–592, 611, 613, 776, 856, 928, 963, 979, sealed 144,000 distinguished from, 719–721
1012, 1020, 1029, 1092, 1095, 1138, 1140, 1161, 1180,
1447, 1488, 1582, 1675, 1744 white robes and, 723
Hanukkah, 1451 worship and, 491, 718–727
Har Magedon, 78, 155–156, 262, 1152, 1190, 1198, 1217, heavenly temple, 875, 879, 886, 888, 931, 988, 990,
1222, 1225, 1232, 1350, 1496, 1541, 1576, 1763 1184, 1193–1195, 1197, 1199, 1212–1213, 1235, 1267,
1276, 1291, 1297, 1300, 1302, 1361, 1462, 1468, 1471–
harlot 1472, 1484, 1552, 1687
bond-servants and, 726 Hebraic character
divorce and, 564, 582 allusions and, 38, 155, 640, 1149, 1151, 1190
drunkenness of, 175, 189, 650 audience of Revelation and, 300
Ezekiel and, 29, 159, 560, 562 composition date and, 32–38
idolatry as spiritual harlotry, 415 Egypt and, 321, 726
Israel as, 112, 559–562, 565 final testimonies and admonition and, 1736
Jerusalem as, 163, 205, 213, 315, 424, 580, 650 first six seals and, 616, 640
kings of the earth and, 260, 262, 271 first six trumpets and, 777
Old Testament and, 560–561, 581–582 forensic drama and, 554
preterism and, 650 grammar and, 77, 156–157, 269, 295, 872, 1149,
prophetic mantle and, 163 1478, 1709, 1714
Roman Empire as, 111, 524 Holy Land and, 276

Subject Index 1841
Jewish War and, 56, 777 Qumran and, 1102, 1106, 1302, 1388, 1412, 1457
literary sources and, 128 Roman Empire and, 1095, 1099, 1109, 1122, 1216–
new Jerusalem bride and, 1695 1217, 1267, 1569
old covenant and, 1736 Sanhedrin, 54, 63, 84, 148, 263, 283–284, 286–
Old Testament and, 76–77, 554, 830 287, 305, 405, 455, 588, 652–653, 764, 767, 907,
926, 931, 966, 979, 1030, 1081, 1096, 1097, 1104,
overview of, 153–156 1111, 1115, 1118, 1126, 1136, 1140, 1169, 1209, 1213,
redemptive-historical focus and, 75–84 1229, 1282, 1295, 1299, 1311, 1363, 1382, 1387,
Satan and, 801 1401, 1452, 1488, 1504, 1670, 1685, 1744
Semitic languages and, 20–21, 77, 80, 129, 156 Satan and, 1031
seven lamps and, 526 seven last plagues and, 1227–1228
seven letters and, 153–154 symbolism and, 1092
seven oracles and, 388 synagogue of Satan and, 435
seven-sealed book and, 554 throne of the beast and, 1211
symbolism and, 616 wealth and, 1283, 1382–1387, 1413, 1420–1421
synagogue of Satan and, 154 Hippolytus, 18, 38, 98, 299, 319, 399, 703, 718, 844,
Hecataeus, 27, 285 1054
Hegesippus, 66, 698n4 historical allusions. See allusions
Helios, 371, 1053 historicism, 88–95, 750, 1089, 1531
hell, 86, 349, 426, 436, 629, 778, 796, 952, 1010, 1103, holiness, 278, 285, 487, 532–533, 535
1131, 1175, 1219, 1316, 1320, 1466, 1507, 1554, 1582, holocaust, 206, 600, 706, 899, 1475, 1666, 1744
1704 holy city. See Jerusalem
Hellenism, 56, 217, 396n18, 599, 877, 1423–1424 holy land, 906, 950, 1114, 1223. See also Israel
heresy, 217, 394–396, 398, 399–400, 403–404, 410– holy mountain, 759–760, 779, 880, 1159, 1249, 1252,
411, 413–418, 425, 441, 446, 453, 458–459, 461, 465, 1369, 1595, 1664, 1716
470–471, 476, 931, 1141, 1510. See also Balaamites; Holy Spirit
Nicolaitans
allusions and, 1700
hermeneutics / hermeneutical, 42, 97, 117, 136, 186,
195, 315, 719, 791, 947n109, 948, 958, 1265, 1562, 1574 circumcision and, 894, 896
Herod Agrippa I, 402, 537, 659, 928, 961, 984 demons and, 1228, 1551
Herod Antipas, 283, 288n16, 308, 1348n108 eyes of the Lord and, 591
Herod Archelaus, 1093 Ezekiel and, 1197, 1630
Herod of Chalcis, 1215 forensic drama and, 506, 509
Herod the Great, 284, 878, 889, 1004, 1098, 1099, 1127, greeting and theme and, 252–257
1133, 1159, 1213, 1215, 1247, 1283, 1288, 1296, 1349– holy temple and, 965
1350, 1361, 1423–1426 Jesus and, 1009, 1230, 1639, 1652, 1699
Herodians, 124, 266 Jesus’ words equated with, 437, 442, 468, 491
Herodotus, 625 living water and, 1651–1652, 1700
Hezekiah, 476, 1240, 1450 Messiah and, 738
Hierapolis, 252, 337, 366, 476 new covenant and, 894, 1642, 1670, 1679
high priestly aristocracy new Jerusalem and, 1616, 1666
AD 70 and, 1390, 1413, 1487 olive trees and, 938
beast from the land and, 1089, 1098–1102, 1108– prophecy and, 106, 203, 330, 357, 410
1109, 1125–1138, 1190, 1267, 1304 resistance to, 1113–1114, 1119, 1310
deception and, 1455 seven lamps and, 526, 590, 1325n77
extinction faced by, 760, 764 seven oracles and, 107, 163, 364, 377, 385–390,
fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1382–1383 394, 426–427, 468–469
as false prophet, 424, 1368, 1588, 1669, 1687, 1718 as seven spirits, 19, 190, 200, 254–256, 259, 339,
final judgment of the harlot and, 1296, 1299– 469, 738, 1325, 1603
1312, 1347–1349 in the Spirit, 20, 121–122, 171, 174–175, 192, 203,
garments of priests and, 65, 342–343, 527n13, 232, 287, 329–330, 335–336, 427, 506, 509–512,
1292, 1294, 1298–1300, 1307, 1414–1415, 516, 860, 872, 893–894, 918, 926, 994, 1009,
1421–1422 1110, 1219, 1226, 1255, 1270, 1284, 1366n2, 1595,
great splendor enjoyed by, 1126–1127 1609, 1635, 1645–1646, 1651, 1659, 1661, 1663–
1664, 1666, 1715, 1722, 1752, 1759
heavenly bodies and, 674
symbolism and, 1633
Jesus and, 74–75, 143, 266, 286, 305–306, 318,
405, 426, 466, 518, 576, 589, 655, 767, 835n28, throne and, 1064, 1615
1090, 1127, 1569, 1648 throne of God and, 200–201, 257, 259
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 263, witness and, 928
658–659 homolegoumenoi, 10
kings of the earth and, 260–264, 266, 281, 283– honeymoon, 557, 699
289, 344, 494, 518, 1229, 1282, 1348, 1362, 1382, horns, 139, 188–190, 336, 350, 436, 529, 590, 804–806,
1385, 1413–1415, 1417, 1460, 1500, 1504, 1718 953, 1005–1006, 1049–1050, 1054, 1066, 1087–
Lamb and, 1567, 1724 1089, 1092, 1151, 1224, 1263, 1291, 1312–1314, 1316,
plagues and, 764

1842 Subject Index
1320–1321, 1323, 1335, 1346, 1348, 1350–1353, 1361, image of the universe, 64, 671, 678, 764, 1625, 1629
1447, 1493, 1504, 1526 imagery (Old Testament). See allusions; Old
horses (colored) Testament
ashen horse, 628–629 imminence, 54, 75, 95, 146, 228–233, 279, 295, 350,
black horse, 92, 623, 627 358, 363, 472, 487, 548, 578, 648, 650, 1036, 1268,
red horse, 616–621, 1005 1517–1518, 1535, 1637, 1737, 1744, 1762
white horse, 615–618, 897, 1092, 1351, 1483, 1485, immorality, 114, 260, 381, 385–386, 396, 399, 414–416,
1487, 1492 425, 440, 456–458, 645, 837–838, 840, 847, 1171,
1173–1175, 1184, 1228, 1275, 1277, 1282–1284, 1287,
the hour, 45, 280, 320, 327, 382, 386, 483–486, 540, 1291–1292, 1301, 1304, 1308, 1312, 1317, 1347, 1364,
643, 729–730, 810–811, 1036, 1166, 1169, 1178, 1180, 1378–1382, 1397, 1403, 1412, 1433, 1442, 1457, 1461,
1183, 1196, 1500 1464–1465, 1478, 1496, 1553, 1656, 1657, 1698, 1748
husband, 203–205, 554–556, 559–561, 564–567, 619, imperial cult, 30, 192n128, 367, 374, 430, 439, 444, 517,
626–627, 699, 732, 766, 795, 831, 848, 866, 917–919, 1050–1051, 1054, 1065, 1099–1100, 1101, 1103–1105,
1286, 1294, 1300, 1305–1306, 1354–1357, 1404, 1438, 1107, 1109, 1111, 1113, 1115, 1117, 1119–1120, 1125, 1155,
1453, 1477–1478, 1611, 1619, 1635, 1637, 1639, 1642, 1211–1212, 1314, 1536
1663, 1667, 1683
imperial temple, 192, 366, 1051, 1212
Hymenaeus, 404
imprecatory, 634, 743, 751, 981
hymns, 196, 461, 532–541, 594–595, 974, 981, 1021,
1026, 1029, 1053, 1161, 1192, 1461–1462 in the Spirit, 20, 121–122, 171, 174–175, 192, 203, 232,
287, 329–330, 335–336, 427, 506, 509–512, 516, 860,
hyperbole, 187, 191, 601, 812–813, 852, 983, 1100, 1124, 872, 893–894, 918, 926, 994, 1009–1110, 1219, 1226,
1185, 1204, 1239–1240, 1242, 1432, 1515, 1553–1554, 1255, 1270, 1284, 1366n2, 1595, 1609, 1635, 1645–
1593 1646, 1651, 1659, 1661, 1663–1664, 1666, 1715, 1722,
Hyrcanus, 284, 369, 652, 1091, 1099, 1131n44 1752, 1759
inaugurated, 232–233, 292, 350, 444, 496, 503, 547,
942, 984, 1335, 1521, 1525, 1527, 1531, 1547, 1608,
I 1610–1611, 1613, 1614, 1623, 1745, 1762
incarnation, 6, 111, 223, 554, 583, 929, 964, 1332, 1338,
Iconium, 84, 659, 661 1531, 1546, 1557, 1591, 1616, 1633, 1642, 1645, 1689,
1751, 1763
idealism, 93–95, 103
incense, 61, 190, 270, 594, 737, 832, 836, 939, 1110,
idolatry 1134, 1140, 1276, 1297, 1324, 1421–1422, 1425–1426,
abominations and, 1655 1448, 1450, 1454, 1656, 1694
angels and, 1740, 1749, 1757–1758 incense altar, 155, 169, 193, 339, 739, 742–745, 749,
as apostasy, 831–832, 1192, 1657 804–805
beast from the land and, 1101, 1109–1119, 1130– inclusio, 321, 541, 591, 593, 603, 1728, 1730
1131, 1133 inheritance, 69, 85, 163, 258, 276–277, 437, 547, 567,
beast from the sea and, 1065 571, 640, 721, 768, 880, 918, 974, 1074, 1609, 1619–
bond-servants and, 451 1620, 1630, 1638, 1652, 1685, 1695, 1721–1722, 1748
dragon and, 1065 inner temple, 874, 888–889, 893, 918, 969, 992, 1001,
Ezekiel and, 1019, 1197, 1287 1182
final attestation and blessing and, 1757–1758 inscribed, 443, 538, 866, 1139, 1303, 1408, 1436, 1674,
1677–1678, 1683
final testimonies and admonition and, 1741
inspiration, 6–7, 10–13, 15, 21, 26, 39–40, 101, 113, 116,
first six trumpets and, 830–839 119, 124, 129, 160, 184, 217, 252, 257, 268, 287, 388,
forensic drama and, 639 395–396, 423, 616, 695, 949, 1006–1007, 1009, 1032,
greed and, 833, 839, 1101 1036–1037, 1103, 1134, 1136, 1368, 1375, 1482–1483,
harlot and, 415, 1287 1732, 1736, 1741, 1756
Isaiah and, 1109–1110, 1113 intercalations, 23, 168–169, 172, 1049
nakedness and, 1231 interlinking, 172, 844, 1155
new covenant and, 639 interludes. See heavenly multitude; little book; mea-
new creation and, 1657 sured temple; sealed 144,000; two witnesses
Old Testament and, 415, 560–561, 639, 683, 830, interpolation, 808, 1021, 1213n12, 1351, 1430, 1530,
1214, 1231 1567
Paul and, 1101, 1118–1119 interpretation (double reference), 32
prostitution and, 1287, 1289 interpretation (grammatical-historical), 42
seven last plagues and, 1196–1197, 1231 interpretation (literalism). See literalism
seven oracles and, 358, 424, 426 interpretation (symbolic). See symbolism
sorcery and, 1454 Interpreting the Bible (Mickelsen), 42
Stephen and, 1115–1118 interpretive approaches. See futurism; historicism;
idealism; preterism
symbolism and, 830–831
interpretive difficulty, 1–7, 108, 704
temple and, 213, 305, 396, 416–417, 560–561, 832,
836, 1102, 1109–1119, 1134, 1140, 1163, 1222 intertextual, 887, 1341, 1753
worship and, 213, 305, 396, 416–417, 560–561, intertextuality, 133n101, 157–158, 171–172, 268
832, 836 intratextual, 172, 358, 514, 879, 887, 953
Idumeans, 631, 652, 680, 783, 788, 794, 898n40, 960, Irenaeus, 10, 18, 25, 40–42, 98, 109–111, 399, 529, 619,
980, 1204, 1359, 1506 718, 1147, 1297, 1337, 1511, 1609

Subject Index 1843
ironic reversal, 118, 139–141, 141–142t, 259, 274, 426, Israel

481, 751, 761, 766, 769, 772, 1185, 1225, 1314 adultery of, 1276, 1356–1357
Isaac, 54, 73, 208, 307, 434, 522, 660, 719, 915, 947n110, as Babylon, 650, 758–760, 958, 1172, 1258, 1408
1476, 1561, 1580, 1676, 1722 beast from the sea and, 1043–1045, 1064–1067
Isaiah capital punishment of, 568–569, 1405, 1663
allusions and, 118, 128, 140, 417, 421, 476, 493, ethnic Israel, 292, 339, 434, 456, 707–709, 720,
676, 679, 733–734, 742, 1196, 1378, 1487, 1643– 870, 894
1644, 1651, 1667, 1685, 1752
geo-political Israel, 207, 930, 947n109, 1692
apocalypses and, 183, 185, 190–191
of God, 35, 136, 160, 205, 214, 524n8, 554, 580,
Babylon and, 536, 669, 962 702, 708, 710, 712, 842, 894n32, 947, 1002, 1036,
blood and, 1185, 1306 1189, 1367, 1487, 1496, 1594–1595, 1619, 1631–
bridegroom and, 570 1632, 1666, 1675
commissioning services and, 347, 593, 721 as harlot, 112, 559–562, 565
dispensationalism and, 105 marital unfaithfulness of, 957, 1119, 1231, 1276,
divorce decree and, 563, 565–567 1277, 1443, 1450
exodus imagery from, 81, 291 martial unfaithfulness of, 306, 464, 473, 497, 551,
falling stars and darkening skies and, 763 555, 560–562, 564, 568, 575, 581–582, 603, 606,
613, 699, 766
fig tree and, 676
new Israel, 136, 205, 339, 343, 480, 540, 590, 702,
final attestation and blessing and, 1752–1753 704, 708–710, 712, 722, 842, 848, 873, 938, 1036,
first and the last and, 429 1038, 1165, 1561, 1595, 1597, 1632, 1651, 1683,
gathering of nations and, 293 1689, 1706, 1722
harlot and, 561, 887, 1262, 1265, 1308–1309 old covenant Israel, 33, 136, 158, 421–422, 518,
idolatry and, 1109–1110, 1113 520–524, 580, 590, 699, 712, 875, 938, 939, 962,
influence of, 36, 70, 81, 125, 132, 135, 161, 291, 321, 1001, 1026, 1035, 1037, 1159, 1161–1162, 1230,
334, 338, 348, 495, 528, 570, 732–734, 1172, 1212, 1467, 1484, 1561, 1594, 1596, 1598, 1613–1614,
1260, 1352, 1367, 1378, 1404, 1472, 1487, 1491, 1621, 1642, 1670, 1677, 1678, 1692, 1722–1724,
1496–1497, 1614, 1620–1621, 1623–1624, 1630, 1736
1651, 1667, 1691–1693, 1744 seven-sealed book and, 558–562, 568–569,
islands and, 1250 571–573
Jerusalem and, 418, 561, 830, 884, 887, 956–957, sons of, 999, 1183, 1450, 1665, 1674, 1676, 1678,
1265–1266, 1277, 1308, 1446, 1630, 1632 1680, 1683, 1712, 1715–1716, 1722
judgment and, 48, 213, 302, 514, 517, 761, 890, tribes of, 38, 74, 78, 84–85, 154, 221, 280–281,
957, 1497, 1515 298, 310–317, 448, 466, 503, 524, 548, 578, 582,
630, 667, 683, 689, 701–703, 705, 707–720, 766–
justice and, 983 767, 775, 978, 999, 1001, 1139, 1156, 1160, 1163,
Lamb and, 1100 1168, 1560, 1648, 1683
living water and, 1652 true Israel, 33–34, 140, 292, 433–434, 497–498,
Lucifer’s fall in, 467 752, 1003, 1117, 1159, 1189, 1288, 1521, 1534, 1594,
messianic feast and, 1474 1597, 1599, 1758
new covenant and, 1000, 1614, 1621, 1647 unbelieving Israel, 78, 145, 169, 523
new creation and, 1614, 1621–1623 Italy, 57, 319, 485, 505, 537, 627, 730, 809, 814, 818, 904,
new Jerusalem and, 70 1048, 1050, 1060–1061, 1246, 1353, 1503
new Jerusalem bride and, 1632–1633, 1637, 1643–
1647, 1667, 1671–1672, 1682–1683, 1689–1690
pregnant mother and, 997, 999–1000, 1011
J
prison and, 1372
prophetic stance of, 70 Jacob, 29, 54, 73, 164, 208, 307, 434, 461, 468, 522, 708,
prostitution and, 1455 710, 718–719, 915, 947n110, 999–1000, 1077, 1112, 1231,
resurrection and, 962 1452, 1476, 1562, 1676, 1690, 1751
rhetorical irony and, 142, 274, 480 James (apostle), 14, 51, 66, 402, 438, 489, 659, 928,
947n111, 949, 953, 961, 1283, 1311, 1439n63, 1461, 1599
sackcloth and, 673
James the Just, 928, 933
salvation and, 1473, 1615
Jamnia, 22, 477
sea and, 1627
jealousy, 394, 559, 568–569, 662, 766, 794, 852, 859,
six-winged seraphim and, 528, 530, 532, 535 866, 1077, 1079, 1097, 1197, 1236, 1281, 1355, 1357
Sodom and, 418, 830, 956 Jeremias, 284, 624
sorcery and, 1455 Jericho, 81, 137, 590, 684, 739, 742, 809, 958n118, 976,
temple and, 1109–1110, 1113–1114, 1117, 1302 1159, 1225, 1250, 1446–1447, 1716
theme and, 48 Jerome, 2, 40n56
throne of God and, 203, 514, 517, 532, 583 Jerusalem. See also AD 70; new Jerusalem
wealth and, 1694 as Babylon, 17, 154, 163, 204–205, 272–273, 315,
Islam, 70, 89 499, 553n13, 639, 645, 650, 739, 745, 759, 781,
islands, 327, 430, 529, 666, 1150, 1234, 1242–1243, 837, 958, 1171–1174, 1228, 1258–1274, 1318, 1367–
1249–1250, 1279, 1330, 1371 1368, 1400–1402, 1420, 1453, 1475, 1477
composition date and, 27–28

1844 Subject Index
as Egypt, 17, 78, 163, 213, 273, 282, 289, 315, 396, enthronement of, 65, 298, 496, 503, 505, 553,
413, 417, 424, 460, 533, 590, 639, 752, 759, 831, 591–593, 975, 1004, 1168, 1179, 1285, 1559, 1569
883, 887, 892, 894–895, 924, 940, 948, 951, 955– exaltation of, 221, 258–262, 266, 341, 343, 346,
958, 1016, 1037, 1101, 1172–1173, 1189, 1191, 1197, 388, 430, 449, 491, 505–506, 584, 592, 844, 918,
1214, 1224, 1260, 1266, 1566, 1594, 1614, 1640, 1012–1014, 1017, 1020, 1022, 1120, 1212, 1442,
1657, 1677, 1722 1488, 1595, 1615, 1616, 1633, 1664, 1725
fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1392, 1404, eyes of fire of, 344, 361, 380, 385, 391, 451, 453,
1420–1421 459, 591
fame of, 27, 680, 783, 797, 877, 882 as faithful witness, 201, 241, 256–259, 292, 325,
as guilty defendant in God’s divorce court, 957 327, 423, 439–440, 464, 475, 480, 494, 578, 613,
as harlot, 163, 205, 213, 315, 424, 580, 650 850, 922–923, 965, 1564, 1754
harlot of Babylon and the beast and, 1258–1274 fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1369, 1372–1373,
heavenly Jerusalem, 7, 17, 70, 85, 87, 175, 310, 372, 1382, 1389–1390, 1393, 1418, 1431, 1463
413, 491, 580, 597, 725, 872, 884–885, 990, 1159, final testimonies and admonition and, 1735
1271–1272, 1422, 1451, 1533, 1598, 1614, 1623, final victory of the lamb and, 1483–1499
1624, 1634–1635, 1637, 1645–1646, 1650, 1664, as first and the last, 429, 431, 1163, 1332, 1651,
1669, 1698 1733, 1742, 1746
heavenly signs and, 677 as firstborn from the dead, 37, 251, 256–259, 274,
ironic reversal and, 957 291, 327, 342, 494–495, 589, 965, 976, 1012–1013,
measured temple and, 875–887 1340
pilgrimages to, 83, 876 gē and, 278–279
population of, 27, 885–886, 960, 967–968, 1109 greeting and theme and, 255–261, 265, 290–292
prominence of, 49–52 high priestly aristocracy and, 74–75, 266, 305–
prophets killed by, 65, 82, 303, 306, 576, 652, 752, 306, 318, 405, 426, 466, 518, 589, 655, 767,
832, 836, 1274 835n28, 1090, 1127, 1569, 1648
as Sodom, 883, 892, 955–958 Holy Spirit and, 437, 442, 468, 491, 1009, 1230,
1639, 1652, 1699
theme and, 49–52
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 53, 265,
Jerusalem council, 326, 354, 389, 722 653–655, 1033, 1310
Jerusalem Under Siege (Price), 1244–1245 Jewish rejection of Messiah status of, 37, 48, 49,
Jesus Ananias, 773 53, 257, 266, 275, 288, 298, 308, 313, 339, 397,
Jesus Christ 407, 409–410, 423, 461, 465, 480, 533, 546, 550,
AD 70 and, 65–66, 70, 302–305, 697, 856–857, 569, 712, 831–832, 836, 927, 942, 1044, 1100, 1117,
882, 926, 931, 977, 982, 988–989, 1032, 1207, 1119, 1130, 1134, 1211, 1253, 1457, 1677
1263, 1361, 1487, 1488, 1528, 1547, 1552, 1556, Jewish War and, 785, 944–945, 1372–1373
1583, 1648, 1655, 1738, 1744–1747, 1761–1762 Jews as killers of, 48–49, 72, 74, 84–85, 150, 204,
angelic appearance of, 241, 257, 341, 579, 844– 209, 214, 242, 271, 289, 293, 299, 303, 306–309,
853, 996, 1365, 1368, 1499, 1537 313, 318, 339, 397, 407, 412, 438, 466, 546, 578,
anti-Semitism charges and, 207, 212, 214, 434 580, 589, 649, 655, 660, 668, 754, 832, 837, 925,
apocalypses and, 70, 303, 341, 615, 965, 1489 961, 1088, 1289–1290
ascension of, 84, 145, 239, 292, 354, 484, 505, Jezebel and, 423, 456–459
512, 543, 633, 865, 948, 964–965, 967, 1010, Johannine authorship and, 16–17
1012–1014, 1020, 1022, 1032, 1036–1037, 1094, as judge, 73–74, 84, 412, 442, 488, 511, 589, 1207,
1178, 1518, 1546–1547, 1615, 1738 1488, 1744
beast from the land and, 1097–1098, 1100, 1121, judgment and, 48, 73–74, 84, 107, 265–266, 302,
1125, 1136–1137 412, 442, 488, 511, 589, 1022, 1142, 1207, 1389–
beast from the sea and, 1045n4, 1081 1390, 1484, 1488, 1497, 1559, 1619, 1646, 1745
bride of, 154, 205, 261, 271, 569, 571, 580–582, as King of Israel, 274–275, 518, 589
599, 626 as King of kings, 115, 161, 245, 259, 261–262, 265,
christology of, 7, 212, 241, 260, 348, 388, 403– 275, 491, 503, 599, 1006, 1066, 1085, 1349–1352,
404, 409–410, 449–450, 461, 493, 541, 584, 1361, 1365, 1382, 1479, 1483, 1490, 1492–1493,
691–692, 1365, 1482, 1490, 1498, 1537, 1587, 1687, 1498, 1525, 1549
1699, 1723 as King of the Jews, 274–275, 289, 518
commissioning vision and, 338, 340–348 kings of the earth and, 259–260, 290–291
court scene and, 537 as Lamb of God, 54, 153, 257, 259, 290, 341–343,
cross of, 65, 74, 111, 240, 291, 298, 305–307, 428, 406, 412, 466, 541, 597–598, 845, 859, 1020,
451, 518, 548, 589, 678, 862, 925, 988, 995, 1009, 1091, 1131, 1167, 1264, 1412, 1459, 1468, 1548
1011, 1012, 1025, 1028, 1102, 1104, 1107, 1111, 1163, literary sources and, 145–153
1213, 1221, 1224, 1235, 1316, 1452, 1459, 1491, little book and, 844–853
1494, 1551, 1584, 1639, 1650, 1702–1703, 1704 as Lord of lords, 115, 161, 245, 261, 491, 503,
crucifixion of, 36, 49, 51, 112, 150, 214, 271, 286, 599–600, 1006, 1066, 1085, 1350–1352, 1361,
304, 306–307, 310, 318, 406, 412, 424, 429, 438, 1365, 1382, 1479, 1483, 1490, 1492–1493, 1498,
575–576, 883, 955, 982, 984, 986, 1003, 1009, 1525, 1549
1010, 1013, 1097, 1141, 1235, 1295, 1383, 1461, marriage metaphor and, 87, 205, 244, 570–571,
1471, 1551, 1678, 1693 580, 584
dry bones and, 856–857 morning star and, 467
elders and, 266, 518, 1106, 1111, 1122, 1142, 1208 name of, 146, 367, 401, 441, 491, 657

Subject Index 1845
nativity of, 1002, 1010–1012 biblical evidence against Jewish maltreatment

new creation and, 673, 678–679, 1630, 1655 and, 655–656
pre-incarnate appearance of, 343, 692, 845, 1020 elders and, 658–659
preterism and, 104, 116 first six seals and, 633, 650–665
as Rabbi, 409 high priestly aristocracy and, 263, 658–659
redemptive-historical focus and, 73–75, 86 historical tendencies to Jewish violence and,
resurrection of, 75, 87, 106, 108, 212, 244, 258, 651–653
261, 304, 331, 348, 404, 429, 494–497, 505, 588– incitement of gentile persecution and, 660–661
589, 592, 657, 678, 712, 733 Jesus and, 53, 265, 653–655, 1033, 1310
as ruler of the kings of earth, 259–261 Jews as first persecutors and, 656–658
Satan and, 1020, 1030–1033 Josephus and, evidence from, 652–653
Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1548–1551, New Testament concerns over defections and,
1598, 1599–1602 664
second coming of, 43, 89, 103–104, 168, 300, 302, Pharisees and, evidence from, 653
394, 404, 466, 540, 1514, 1535–1537, 1575, 1738 redemptive-historical focus and, 78, 85–86
as Son of God, 405–408, 418–419, 425, 445–453, Revelation concerns over pressures and,
456, 463 664–665
as Son of Man, 152, 308, 334, 341, 399, 445, 475, Roman Empire and, 20, 51, 482, 634, 649–650,
506, 578, 845, 928, 1028 662–663, 1040, 1075–1080, 1174, 1371
sovereignty of, 854 scriptural evidence and, 651–652
stars and, 35, 187–188, 190, 351, 359, 380, 390, seven last plagues and, 1190
394, 468, 852 spread of Jewish persecution and, 658–660
as strong angel, 844–853 Stephen and, 927
sun-clothed woman and the red dragon and, sun-clothed woman and the red dragon and,
1017–1022 1037–1038
superscription and, 222–224, 239, 242 theme and, 53–54
synagogue of Satan and, 36, 154, 432–434, 911, two witnesses and, 927, 953–954
1032, 1569, 1692
visions of blessing and judgment and, 1155–1156
temptation of, 784
warnings of Jesus and, 653–655
theme and, 54–55, 298–315
Jewish population, 34, 52, 56, 84, 158, 368, 372, 430–
trial of, 84, 150, 284, 286, 296, 305, 307, 401, 436– 431, 447, 486, 496, 663, 908, 1078, 1150, 1280
437, 449, 451, 517–518, 893, 929, 978, 986, 1003,
1031, 1034, 1076, 1097, 1101, 1104, 1111, 1118, 1120, Jewish rejection of Jesus as Messiah, 37, 48, 49,
1122, 1282, 1295, 1299, 1302, 1306, 1380, 1756 53, 257, 266, 275, 288, 298, 308, 313, 339, 397, 407,
409–410, 423, 461, 465, 480, 533, 546, 550, 569, 712,
as true prophet, 423 831–832, 836, 927, 942, 1044, 1100, 1117, 1119, 1130,
visions of blessing and judgment and, 1177–1179, 1134, 1211, 1253, 1677
1182 Jewish temple. See Judaism (Second Temple); temple
witness and, 257, 292, 325 Jewish War
Jesus the son of Annanus, 690, 1452 apocalypses and, 101
Jewish apocalypses, 14, 38–39, 119, 125, 132, 224, 441, battering rams in, 616, 672, 823–826, 969, 1238–
462, 717 1239, 1671
Jewish Christianity, 34, 52, 156, 280, 367, 426, 433, 447, beast from the land and, 1092, 1108
456, 461, 477, 496, 646, 706, 709–710, 722, 870, 908,
943, 983, 1026, 1036, 1037, 1044, 1163, 1188, 1240, beast from the sea and, 1046, 1055–1056, 1061
1281, 1352, 1392, 1400, 1463, 1527 beginning of, 897–898
Jewish communities, 52, 76, 80, 86, 158, 366, 402, 404, catapults in, 672, 754–755, 780, 816, 823, 826,
409, 413, 431, 448, 470, 876, 908, 927–928, 931, 1045, 1220, 1226, 1237–1238, 1243, 1251, 1253
1075, 1393, 1422, 1636 centralized religious authority destroyed
Jewish converts, 267, 366, 396–397, 404, 431, 447, 597, through, 482–483
664, 894, 896n36, 1150, 1162–1163, 1393, 1418n51, 1511 civil war during, 621–622, 624
Jewish cult, 60, 990, 1168, 1663, 1686 composition date and, 24, 27
Jewish Diaspora, 38, 52, 56, 59, 63, 82–83, 124, 286, dramatic form and, 195
370, 409, 448, 482, 490, 571, 652, 707, 717, 719 fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1369–1373, 1392,
Jewish high priesthood. See high priestly aristocracy 1452–1453
Jewish opposition, 38, 73, 263, 288, 313, 358, 400–401, false prophecies and, 799
408, 411, 431, 451, 464, 479, 488, 496–497, 653, 656, famine in, 624–626
658, 662, 669, 995, 1028, 1043–1044, 1079, 1090, final judgment of the harlot and, 1353–1354,
1116, 1190, 1281, 1310n64 1358–1360
Jewish persecution of Christianity final victory of the Lamb and, 1501–1502
active encouragement of gentiles against Chris- fire and, 820–828, 830, 837
tians, 661–662
first six seals and, 620–621
AD 70 and, 1473
first six trumpets and, 762, 799–800, 802, 817,
beast from the land and, 1096, 1121–1125 826
beast from the sea and, 1049, 1070–1080 formal engagement of, 27
biblical concerns over Jewish pressures and, 663 genealogical records burned up during, 1323

1846 Subject Index
heavenly signs and, 677 exegetical necessity and, 13
Hebraic character and, 56, 777 external evidence for, 17–18
Jerusalem church escaping during, 1038 fire and, 15
Jesus and, 944–945, 1372–1373 inspirational necessity and, 12
Jews as cause of, 986–987 internal evidence for, 14–17
locust and, 783 Jesus and, 16–17
measured temple and, 904–909 lack of necessity in, 12–13
Olivet Discourse and, 612 Lamb and, 16
redemptive-historical focus and, 55–58 marturéō use and, 16
Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1518 non-Johannine emphases and, 19–20
sealed 144,000 and, 704 non-Johannine range of thought and, 20
seven last plagues and, 1204, 1220, 1225, 1229– objections to, 18–21
1231, 1243–1244 overview of, 11–13
sun-clothed woman and the red dragon and, sēmaino use and, 16
1015, 1038–1040 synagogue of Satan and, 17
theme and, 318–319 theological necessity and, 13
two witnesses and, 953–954, 959–960 thunder and, 15
Jewish Wars (Josephus), 61, 71 writing style and, 20–21
Jewish worship, 891, 899–900, 1446 John Hyrcanus, 1105n16
Jews (true), 35, 85, 154, 270, 407–408, 423, 480, 527, John Mark, 14
585, 639, 697, 706, 715, 896, 1151, 1165, 1594, 1675,
1680, 1704, 1755 John of Damascus, 624
Jews as killers of Jesus, 48–49, 72, 74, 84–85, 150, 204, John of Gischala, 627, 794, 899, 906, 970, 1250, 1369,
209, 214, 242, 271, 289, 293, 299, 303, 306–309, 313, 1370–1371, 1416
318, 339, 397, 407, 412, 438, 466, 546, 578, 580, 589, John the apostle. See also Johannine authorship
649, 655, 660, 668, 754, 832, 837, 925, 961, 1088, audience of, 42–46
1289–1290 authorship determination and, 11–21
Jews in Asia Minor, 52, 76, 80, 86, 158, 366, 402, 404, backcloth of, 1149–1150
409, 413, 431, 448, 470, 876, 909, 1078, 1147–1148, banishment of, 160–161, 174, 328–330, 402, 438,
1150, 1280, 1396, 1422, 1444 489, 503, 506, 509
Jezebel, 1586 commissioning of, 201–202, 241
adultery and, 455–458 divine inspiration of, 15
Babylon and, 419 ethnicity of, 1149
bond-servants and, 423, 425, 451–452, 455–456 interpretive method of, 271–275
as false prophet, 420, 423 literary method of, 261
idolatry and, 416–417 literary skills of, 1351
Jesus and, 423, 456–459 primary teacher of, 144–145
Jewish understanding of, 417 prophetic witness of, 160–161
as land beast, 420 recommissioning of, 864–869
marriage of, 426 rhetorical strategy of, 163
seven oracles and, 398–399, 414, 416–423, 425– scriptural re-application and, 272–273
426, 455, 458–461
temperament of, 15
symbolism and, 426, 455
writing style of, 20–21, 44–46, 80, 160, 162, 412
synagogue of Satan and, 399–400
John the Baptist, 14, 73–74, 264–265, 569–570, 924,
Johannes Hentenius of Louvain, 99 949, 1548n44, 1565n65
Johannine authorship John’s Revelation Unveiled (Lee), 90
antipathy toward Israel for her resistance to Joseph ben Matthias, 903n47
Jesus and, 17
Josephus
anti-Semitism charges and, 17
angelic forces behind earthly judgment, 807
antitheses and, 17
anti-Judaism and, 34
apostolic authority and, 15
arrow-throwing catapults and, 1237–1238
author claims to be prophet rather than apostle,
attempt to convince Jews to surrender by,
18–19
1377–1378
author never claims to have known Jesus, 19–20
banishment and, 1141
canonicity and, 13
beauty of the temple and, 892
commonality in word use and, 17
candelabra captured and, 1450
contrary to Johannine practice author names
casualties in Jewish War and, 958n119, 968n135,
himself, 19
1410
courtroom atmosphere and, 16
confidence of beleaguered city and, 906
disputes in antiquity over, 17–18, 21
defectors and, 1415
distinctives indicating, 15–16, 19–20
demons and, 786
divine inspiration and, 13
description of temple and, 1682
doubts about apostolic authorship and, 18
devastation reports by, 827, 1247

Subject Index 1847
disasters of Jews in Gentile-dominated cities temple destruction and, 950

and, 1247–1248 temple tax and, 83
earthquake and, 966–967 temporary victory and, 907
emperor worship and, 538 terror of Jews at Roman army and, 819–820
factionalism and, 1244–1246 Thyatira and, Jewish community in, 448
fall of Babylon-Jerusalem and, 1378 Titus and, 903, 1233–1234
false prophets and, 1124 triumph of the Romans and, 1431–1432
famine and, 624–626 urging of surrender by, 752
fight against Rome of, 71 Urim and Thummim and, 1105
fire and, 756–757, 963–964, 1207–1208, Vespasian befriended by, 71
1408–1409 Vespasian’s battle strategy and, 1250–1252
fleeing of Jews into mountains and, 684 wealth of the temple and, 905, 1293, 1386–1387
on Gaius, 1052 wrath of the Idumeans and Roman soldiers and,
high priest bemoaning bloodshed in the temple 980–981
and, 1414 Josephus Mede, 91
high priestly aristocracy and, 283–285, 1108– Joshua, 81, 137, 590, 711, 739, 742, 809–810, 877, 901,
1109, 1132–1133, 1213, 1215–1216, 1296 938–939, 970, 1029, 1113, 1135
high priest’s liturgical robe and, 1299–1300 Jotapata, 71, 617, 680–681, 816, 898, 950, 1207, 1220,
high regard for Scriptures and, 269 1250, 1252
hyperbole used by, 1240 Jubilees, 183, 404, 651, 1171
image-making and, 1133 Judah, 154, 159, 163–164, 289, 311, 418, 518, 530, 545,
imprisonment of Jerusalem by Romans and, 560, 564, 579, 585–586, 675, 708, 710, 716–718, 790,
1373–1375 849, 884, 918, 947, 957, 1293, 1294, 1302, 1303, 1307–
Jerusalem as Sodom and, 840–842 1308, 1388, 1398, 1405, 1425, 1451, 1496–1497, 1565,
Jerusalem’s fall and, 1356 1619, 1725, 1737
Jesus and, 944–945 Judaic character. See Hebraic character
Jewish access to Caesar and, 1078–1079 Judaism (Rabbinic), 62–64, 68, 124, 556, 898–899,
901, 904, 1037, 1136, 1140, 1145, 1278, 1384, 1413, 1429,
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 652–653, 1454, 1527, 1528, 1639
656
Judaism (Second Temple), 56, 83, 124, 216, 268, 285,
Jewish responsibility for destruction of Jerusa- 483, 571, 829, 852, 862, 879, 901, 902–904, 916, 977,
lem and, 986–987, 1172 1035, 1263, 1288, 1384, 1426, 1488, 1495, 1632, 1653
Jordan river and, 1202–1203 Judaism, Christianity’s separation from, 34–36, 38–39,
Julius Caesar and, 31 48, 53, 68–69, 85, 408, 467, 571, 573–574, 596–597,
lamentations and, 1413–1414 709, 852, 862–863, 900, 902–904, 916, 947n109, 977,
leading men persuading ill men to lay down 1035, 1488, 1495, 1625, 1653, 1674, 1753
arms and, 1132 Judaizers, 69, 400, 1101n14, 1755
march on Gadara and, 756 Judas, 51, 124n96, 354, 389, 712, 784, 972, 1005, 1009,
Moses and, 269 1013, 1030, 1032, 1039, 1066, 1125, 1338, 1677–1678
mounted horsemen and, 824 Judea, 37, 50, 57–58, 68, 72, 74, 108, 112, 156, 192, 201,
mourning of Jerusalem and, 1405–1406 248, 264, 266, 270, 278, 280, 283, 285–286, 296,
308, 312, 314, 317–318, 407, 644, 653, 658, 668, 674,
nakedness and, 1358 683, 697–699, 704, 706, 729–730, 746, 751, 757, 771,
Nero and, 57 809–810, 837, 898, 904, 926, 927, 944, 960, 975, 987,
Nero’s death and, 1061 1015, 1031, 1036, 1041, 1061–1062, 1073–1074, 1089,
nighttime battles and destruction and, 1220 1091–1093, 1097–1100, 1133, 1138, 1147, 1154, 1155,
pageant displays and, 827–828 1173, 1214, 1233, 1242, 1244, 1246, 1268, 1274, 1281,
1310, 1311, 1342, 1349, 1352, 1354, 1356, 1363, 1367,
pilgrimages and, 83
1373, 1382, 1390, 1392–1393, 1401, 1406, 1413, 1418,
plagues and, 752 1423, 1434, 1436, 1528, 1529
plunder and, 1376–1377 judgment. See also final judgment of the harlot;
population of Jerusalem and, 27 visions of blessing and judgment
prisoners of war and, 1359–1360 abyss and, 1512, 1542
protective walls and, 1672–1673 Babylon and, 104, 107, 116
removal of trees and, 1244 beatitudes and, 1230
Roman army and, 740–741, 817n25, 818–820 bond-servants and, 1292, 1301, 1381, 1397, 1439,
Roman ensigns and, 1502 1457, 1464–1465, 1571
Rome’s world dominance and, 1056 covenant judgment, 75, 84, 249, 606, 768, 1466
sedition and, 796–798 cycles of, 149, 152, 166–170, 1212
seditious temper and, 1378 David and, 983
sicarii and, 1097 Egypt and, 48, 302, 736, 895, 1266, 1443, 1625
signs and, 1236–1237 final victory of the Lamb and, 1483–1499
slayings of high priests and, 1506 fire and, 15, 65, 188, 265, 744, 931, 939, 942, 1174,
Solomon’s temple and, 1297–1298, 1425 1206
temple and, 877–878 forensic drama and, 1488
God as judge, 6, 530, 534, 539, 584, 685

1848 Subject Index
Isaiah and, 48, 213, 302, 514, 517, 761, 890, 957, King of kings, 115, 161, 245, 259, 261–262, 265, 275,
1497, 1515 491, 503, 599, 1006, 1066, 1085, 1349–1352, 1361,
Jesus and, 48, 73–74, 84, 107, 265–266, 302, 412, 1365, 1382, 1479, 1483, 1490, 1492–1493, 1498, 1525,
442, 488, 511, 589, 1022, 1142, 1207, 1389–1390, 1549
1484, 1488, 1497, 1559, 1619, 1646, 1745 kingdom
Jews as killers of Jesus and, 48–49, 72, 74, 84–85, coming of, 52, 249, 512, 571, 1022, 1027, 1546, 1737
150, 204, 209, 214, 242, 271, 289, 293, 299, 303, Daniel and, 1067–1068, 1735, 1737
306–309, 313, 318, 339, 397, 407, 412, 438, 466, establishment of, 28n44, 68, 339, 515, 600, 939,
546, 578, 580, 589, 649, 655, 660, 668, 754, 832, 965, 1646
837, 925, 961, 1088, 1289–1290
of God, 54, 143, 155, 245, 249, 266, 292, 304, 326,
judgement-coming, 846, 875, 909, 913, 923, 931, 401, 434, 504, 570–571, 575, 600, 667, 741, 784,
936, 1022–1023, 1032–1033, 1124, 1158, 1193, 852, 860, 895, 908, 915–916, 940, 941–942, 965,
1196, 1203, 1207, 1227, 1263, 1267, 1271, 1366, 975, 979, 991, 1009–1010, 1022, 1078, 1164, 1189,
1412, 1480–1481, 1483, 1485, 1488, 1490, 1512, 1262, 1418, 1431, 1466, 1547, 1551–1552, 1554,
1559, 1568, 1582, 1628, 1648, 1661, 1731, 1733, 1561, 1633, 1634, 1649, 1665, 1676, 1695, 1722,
1736, 1738, 1743, 1745–1746, 1752, 1754–1755, 1735, 1737, 1742, 1744
1759, 1761–1763
of heaven, 54, 143, 236, 264–265, 349, 431, 434,
judgment-coming, 17, 73, 85, 221, 253, 280, 476–477, 784, 830, 915, 924, 989, 991, 1103, 1121,
298–299, 303, 318, 322, 331–332, 336, 339, 358, 1476, 1561, 1564, 1595, 1654
429–430, 442, 448, 464, 466, 488, 525, 554, 578,
588, 677, 684, 692, 829 of Jesus, 28n44, 236, 293, 326, 443, 600, 721, 862,
939, 976, 983, 991, 1546–1547, 1585, 1589, 1594,
Lamb and, 80, 150, 152–153, 198, 310, 334, 348, 1598, 1615n3, 1645, 1737
412, 519, 545–546, 548, 583, 584–600, 603, 606,
611–614, 618, 623, 628, 633–634, 647, 665–668, new covenant and, 1493, 1596, 1598, 1665, 1692
683–686, 1165, 1190, 1192, 1264, 1282 preterism and, 975
new covenant and, 168, 518, 540, 553, 600, 741, of priests, 81, 184n121, 256, 291–293, 518, 520,
1084, 1615, 1619, 1625 596, 599–600, 943, 1408, 1492, 1546, 1587–1588
new Jerusalem and, 159, 643 seven trumpet angels and seventh trumpet and,
old covenant and, 49, 75, 84–85, 107, 249, 518, 974–977
540, 606, 768, 852, 860, 871, 893, 942, 983, 1044, kings of the earth
1084, 1182, 1188, 1222, 1230, 1240, 1556, 1582, apocalypses and, 262
1648–1651, 1736 argument application and, 288–290
Olivet Discourse and, 1015, 1038, 1123, 1276, Basileus and, 282–286
1285, 1394, 1459, 1487, 1495 court scene and, 518
seven-sealed book and, 545–546, 548, 558–559, dramatic function of, 262–263
560–562, 568–569, 573–577
elders and, 263, 287
seventh seal and, 741–748
fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1364, 1381–1385,
Son of Man and, 54, 74, 298, 510 1412–1416, 1434–1435, 1460
theme and, 48–49, 304–315 final judgment of the harlot and, 1347–1348, 1362
two witnesses and, 923–926 final victory of the Lamb and, 1502, 1504
judicial drama, 938, 1097, 1276–1277, 1309, 1368, 1488, first six seals and, 645–646, 682
1493, 1497, 1657
firstborn of the dead and, 1012
judicial terminology, 198–202, 199–200t
forensic drama and, 290
Julio-Claudian line, 24, 56, 1061, 1335, 1342
gē and, 275–282
Julius Caesar, 30–31, 537, 1131, 1287, 1327–1328,
1334–1336 general observations and, 264–275
Jupiter, 538–539, 590n54, 1051–1052, 1099, 1249, 1316, as Gentile peoples beyond Israel’s borders, 274
1343 greeting and theme and, 260–290
justice, 20, 43, 105, 123, 197–198, 233, 235, 242, 318, harlot and, 260, 262, 271
523, 546, 555, 561, 564, 579, 588–589, 634–638, 647– harlot of Babylon and the beast and, 1282, 1312,
648, 654, 684, 751, 766–767, 858, 983, 1029, 1034, 1317–1318
1096, 1161, 1189, 1193, 1198, 1208–1209, 1234, 1260, high priestly aristocracy as, 260–264, 266, 281,
1262, 1265, 1308, 1398, 1401, 1406, 1411, 1429, 1457, 283–289, 344, 494, 518, 1229, 1282, 1348, 1362,
1462, 1465, 1494 1382, 1385, 1413–1415, 1417, 1460, 1500, 1504,
Justin Martyr of Rome, 10, 17–18, 28, 37–38, 110, 411, 1718
424, 757, 1632n13 identity of, 260–264
Juvenal, 1055, 1325, 1424 Jerusalem and, 289
Jesus and, 259–260, 290–291
Johannine interpretive method and, 271–275
K key indicators and, 270–271
key terms and, 275–286
key of David, 79, 128, 155, 188, 202n142, 372, 380, 421, new covenant and, 271, 278–279
426, 464, 475–476, 481–482, 488–489, 586, 642–643, new Jerusalem and, 271
708, 1548 new Jerusalem bride and, 1674, 1678, 1689–1692
keys, 1034, 1109, 1451, 1545, 1548, 1554, 1572, 1607, New Testament atmosphere and, 264–267
1647, 1746
Old Testament and, 268–269
keys to death and Hades, 188, 337, 348–349

Subject Index 1849
persher interpretation and, 287–289 marriage supper of, 205

position stated on, 263–264 Mount Zion and, 1154, 1156–1160, 1164, 1304–
prolepsis and, 1171 1305, 1352, 1595, 1664
proleptic anticipation and, 261–262 new Jerusalem and, 84, 271, 551, 579–580, 582
Psalm 2 and, 287–289 new Jerusalem bride and, 1722
redemptive-historical excursus on, 260–290 sealed 144,000 and, 1139, 1154, 1156, 1160, 1163–
rhetorical irony and, 273–275 1165, 1468, 1534
Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1538, 1542, seven eyes and horns of, 190, 256, 529
1584 seven-sealed book and, 152, 198, 545–546, 548,
scriptural re-application and, 272–273 584–600
as secular kings, 494 seventh seal and, 612–614, 735, 738, 742
seven churches and, 271 slain Lamb, 75, 80, 84, 116, 150, 223, 242, 257, 259,
271, 273, 290–291, 297, 310, 335, 341–342, 348,
seven last plagues and, 1226 429, 466, 491, 510, 514, 525, 530, 578, 581, 602,
specific revelation setting and, 267–271 714, 845, 1010, 1059, 1081, 1097, 1211, 1222, 1235,
summary statement and, 275 1307, 1316, 1319–1320, 1457, 1534, 1556, 1606,
synagogue of Satan and, 289 1612, 1639–1640, 1650–1651, 1677, 1702
temple and, 270 solidarity and, 1399
ten kings as distinct from, 1347 Son of Man and, 510, 591, 605
throne of God, 254 song of, 1191, 1708
Trinity and, 253–255 as temple, 1130, 1616, 1635, 1686–1687, 1723
witness and, 257 ten horns and, 953, 1066, 1087, 1352, 1493, 1526
kingship, 259, 261, 292–293, 297, 326, 407, 517–518, theme and, 84
717, 801, 1011, 1218, 1288, 1347, 1349, 1489, 1547, 1640, throne and, 1020, 1131–1132, 1699–1700,
1726 1723–1724
Kittim, 215, 1106, 1303, 1388, 1413 throne of God and, 84, 152, 253, 310, 333, 502,
517, 519, 605, 720, 725–728, 733–734
true Jews as followers of, 85–87, 154, 1675
L two witnesses and, 952, 954
visions of blessing and judgment and, 1154–1166
lake of fire, 189, 349, 424, 731, 1074, 1466, 1504–1505, worship and, 424, 540, 603
1507, 1509, 1512, 1520, 1522, 1537–1538, 1542, 1546, as worthy, 310, 536, 541–542, 578, 581, 584–586,
1558, 1584, 1587–1588, 1600–1602, 1605, 1607, 1691, 593, 602, 859, 958, 1012, 1204–1205, 1649
1694, 1717, 1746, 1748 wrath of, 519, 980
Lamb. See also final victory of the Lamb lampstands, 190, 192, 256, 337–340, 342, 349, 351–352,
allusions and, 684, 734, 1164 355, 361, 378, 380, 384, 389–390, 910, 919, 934, 937–
announcement of, 713 939, 948, 1324, 1329, 1577, 1690
beast from the land and, 885, 953, 1059, 1066, land. See gē; kings of the earth
1081, 1085, 1087, 1103, 1157–1158, 1350–1352, land beast. See beast from the land
1493, 1526 land-dwellers, 638–648, 688, 781, 935, 962, 979, 995,
blood of, 273, 436, 500, 521, 723, 727, 730, 1021, 1064, 1086, 1103, 1135, 1137n55, 1165, 1304, 1322,
1031, 1173, 1204, 1567, 1606, 1616 1324, 1369, 1746
bond-servants and, 1723 landowner, 74, 204, 318, 575, 782
book of life and, 983, 1080, 1323, 1413, 1650, Laodicea
1695–1696, 1717, 1721 AD 70 and, 503n55, 504–505
bride of, 271, 551, 580, 582, 952, 1171, 1221, 1269, allusions and, 376–377
1358, 1662–1663, 1678, 1683, 1715 closing call and, 384
centrality of, 859, 1291, 1316, 1320 ethical stipulations and, 382
first six seals and, 606, 611–614, 618, 623, 628, gold and, 499–500
633–634, 647, 665–668, 683–686
historical prologue and, 380
first six trumpets and, 760, 768, 777, 830
historical survey of, 372–373, 492
inheritance provisions and, 383
high priestly aristocracy and, 1567, 1724
Jerusalem and, 493–494
Isaiah and, 1100
Jewish community in, 82, 84
Jesus as, 54, 81, 153, 257, 259, 290, 341–343, 406,
412, 466, 533, 541, 597–599, 845, 859, 1020, Jewish opposition in, 496–498, 504
1091, 1131, 1167, 1264, 1412, 1459, 1468, 1548 kings of the earth and, 494–495
Johannine authorship and, 16 legal sanctions and, 383
judgment and, 80, 150, 152–153, 198, 310, 334, new creation and, 493–497
348, 412, 519, 545–546, 548, 583–600, 603, 606, old covenant and, 497
611–614, 618, 623, 628, 633–634, 647, 665–668, opening address to, 380
683–686, 1165, 1190, 1192, 1264, 1282 oracle formatting and, 387
as lamp, 1688–1689 promises to, 502
living water and, 1651, 1700 seven oracles and, 372–373, 376, 492–506
loud voice and, 1026 Son of Man and, 492

1850 Subject Index
sovereign’s identification and, 380 opening statement and, 143–145
spiritual blindness and, 501 overview of, 119–153
synagogue of Satan and, 498 rhetorical irony and, 139–142, 141–142t
thrones and, 505 source-critical approach and, 147
wealth and, 499–500 little book
white robes and, 500–501 AD 70 and, 860–862
witness and, 497–500 adultery and, 867
Last Judgment, 9, 100n86, 118, 297, 666, 744n2, 982, bitterness and, 865–867
1520, 1612 clouds and, 846
late-date view, 22–26, 31, 40–42, 477, 1171n8, 1440, double function of interlude of, 852
1465 dry bones and, 856
laver, 523, 527, 1447, 1629, 1643 eschatology and, 856
lawsuit, 84, 161, 174, 198, 203–204, 257–258, 357, 379, Ezekiel and, 856, 864–869
387, 393, 454–456, 563, 636, 640–641, 850, 922, 929,
1189, 1252, 1276, 1398, 1441 false prophets and, 867
lawyers, prophets as, 203, 248, 563, 937, 945, 1029 Gentiles and, 860–862
Lazarus, 997n2, 1137, 1310, 1319 jealousy and, 866
leagues of friendship, 1131, 1290, 1334 Jesus as strong angel and, 844–853
Leah, 715 lion’s roar and, 849, 854
legions, 56–58, 195, 485, 681, 740, 760–761, 770, 773, Old Testament and, 845–847
808–809, 814, 816–819, 823, 827, 897–898, 907, 964, overview of, 843
987, 1040, 1060, 1096, 1225, 1239, 1273, 1354, 1356, parallels with Romans and, 861, 861t
1361, 1371, 1502–1503 pillars of fire and, 847–849
Leitmotiv, 75 prophetic theater and, 867n34
leopard, 139, 187.591, 1042, 1045, 1054–1055, 1297n50 rainbows and, 846
leper, 926, 1199, 1340, 1715 recommissioning of John and, 864–869
letters, 17, 39–40, 153–154, 153n112, 154, 161–163, 251, redemptive-historical focus and, 852
270, 335, 350, 384, 396, 445, 861, 891, 957, 974, 1122, religio licita and, 863–864
1143–1144, 1306, 1331, 1651, 1730, 1763
sea and land and, 853–854
Levi, 700, 715, 717–718, 1106, 1384, 1641
seventh trumpet and, 860
lex talionis, 457, 916, 1084, 1086, 1203–1204, 1368, 1371,
solemn oath and, 856–864
1401, 1757
Son of Man and, 846
liars and lies, 63, 85, 87, 292, 315, 382, 391–392, 413,
422–423, 463, 476, 479–480, 482, 599, 911, 962, 1024, strong angel and, 843–864
1030, 1102, 1192, 1444, 1488, 1591, 1638, 1650, 1654– throne and, 846
1655, 1657, 1658, 1695, 1736, 1747–1748, 1755 thunder and, 854–855
libations, 193, 339, 343, 594, 725, 1194, 1248, 1250, tribulation and, 857
1267–1268, 1302, 1307 Trinity and, 859
lightning, 81, 166–167, 174, 187, 189, 202, 303, 346, voices and, 854, 864
510, 518, 525–526, 542, 677, 679–680, 735–736, 738,
witness and, 859
746–748.7, 989–990, 1018, 1020, 1134, 1181, 1193, 1198,
1226, 1234, 1236–1237, 1551, 1560, 1628, 1667, 1684 Lives of the Twelve Caesars (Suetonius), 31, 1327
linear view, 164–165 living creatures. See four living creatures
linen, 64, 190, 342–343, 692, 745, 856, 1018–1019, 1194, living water, 573–574, 725, 734, 1617, 1651–1652, 1662,
1292 –1299, 1355, 1358, 1421, 1423, 1434, 1477–1478, 1700, 1753
1492, 1625, 1637, 1701 locusts
lions, 139, 187, 188, 214, 260, 273, 399, 466, 525, 528– abyss and, 780, 782, 800
529, 548, 586, 588, 591, 651, 713, 714, 775, 791, 795, appearance of, 791–800, 792t
821, 823–824, 828, 844, 849, 851, 854, 1042, 1054, first six trumpets and, 779–800
1056, 1236 horror of, 1240
literacy (ancient), 144, 246 king of, 800–803
literalism, 96, 110, 117–118, 185–191, 221, 240, 591, release of, 779–791
594, 611, 756, 767, 791, 811, 887, 895, 919, 948, 1258,
1489n16, 1544, 1612, 1700n2 smoke and, 779
literary sources symbolism and, 1612
AD 70 and, 134 logia, 15, 28, 125, 144, 147–148, 151–152, 315, 606, 608,
926, 1440
allusions and, 129–139
Lord’s day, 330–336, 1230, 1666, 1752
avoiding quotations and, 130–131
Lord’s Prayer, 976
background sources for, 119–129
Lord’s supper, 332, 334, 1561, 1702, 1762
controlling influence and, 142–143
Lot, 958, 1379, 1394, 1400–1401
Hebraic character and, 128
loud voice, 45, 235, 301, 325, 336–338, 461, 514, 542,
Jesus’ prophetic ministry and, 145–153 583, 595, 601, 623, 632, 634, 644, 688, 694, 719, 725–
John’s primary teacher and, 144–145 726, 769, 771–774, 805–806, 844, 854–855, 868, 928,
Old Testament and, 122–139, 142–143, 149–151 930, 961, 964, 994, 998, 1021, 1026, 1028, 1166, 1168,
Olivet Discourse and, 149–150, 152

Subject Index 1851
1174, 1180, 1184, 1196, 1213, 1234, 1235, 1264, 1457, spousal divorce and, 916–919
1461–1462, 1499, 1638 symbolism and, 874–875, 887–892, 896–897, 915
love (first), 353, 381, 385, 393 theme and, 909–910
LXX, 17, 128–129, 138, 157, 162–163, 203, 258, 269, threefold significance of casting out and,
274–275, 291–292, 296, 310, 321, 342, 346, 388, 428, 910–919
434, 442, 465–466, 495, 501, 512, 526, 533, 543–544, measuring rod, 26, 579, 871–873, 1664–1665, 1678
550, 641, 679, 708, 723–724, 732, 777, 795, 801, 836,
854, 913, 916–917, 936, 951, 1005, 1025, 1034, 1042, Mediterranean, 58, 144, 327, 360, 375, 620, 623, 754,
1110, 1165, 1199, 1226, 1242, 1252, 1293–1294, 1299, 763, 817, 1048, 1150, 1243, 1250, 1435, 1460, 1616
1301, 1327, 1367–1369, 1375, 1378n14, 1498, 1504, Megiddo, 1223, 1230, 1232–1233
1570, 1621, 1639n19, 1655, 1702, 1709–1710, 1713–1714, Melchizedek, 344, 453
1723–1724, 1756 Melito of Sardis, 10, 17–18, 28
Lydia, 369–370 Menim, 35
Lydian Empire, 367, 369–370, 374 menorah, 155, 339, 342, 526, 834, 1298, 1439, 1449–
Lysimachus of Macedonia, 365 1451, 1708
merchants, 1286, 1309, 1322, 1364, 1376, 1379, 1380,
1382–1390, 1412, 1417–1437, 1439, 1441, 1448, 1453,
M 1460, 1462
Messiah
bridegroom and, 570
Maccabean revolt, 283, 906
Caesar as, 1139, 1154–1155
macrocosm, 297, 358
false prophets, 423, 476, 608n2
made with hands, 66, 305, 747, 836, 893, 899, 989,
1101, 1104, 1110, 1111–1112, 1115–1118, 1169, 1176, 1241, Holy One and, 476
1533, 1624 Holy Spirit and, 738
made without hands, 305, 836, 1101, 1110, 1116 Jewish Christians and, 447, 456, 477, 646, 992,
magic, 367, 375, 447, 1114, 1123, 1134, 1305, 1453–1455 1003
Magog, 80, 126, 154, 1048, 1501, 1509, 1514, 1519–1522, as Jewish expectation, 420, 448, 465, 906,
1590–1592, 1595–1597, 1599–1601, 1605 947n109, 1225, 1689
malicious witnesses, 198, 636, 1397, 1400, 1440, 1455 keys of David and, 488
Man of Lawlessness, 537, 1049, 1322n74 light and, 1689
manna, 87, 158, 383, 385, 418, 422, 438, 442–444, 732, lion’s roar and, 854
1016, 1074, 1106, 1572, 1579 new creation and, 1614, 1622
manuscripts, 125, 132, 290, 597n61, 599, 614, 769n7, rejection of Jesus as, 37, 48, 49, 53, 257, 266, 275,
965n132, 1083, 1147, 1764 288, 298, 308, 313, 339, 397, 407, 409–410, 423,
marble, 365, 835, 1412, 1425 461, 465, 480, 533, 546, 550, 569, 712, 831–832,
836, 927, 942, 1044, 1100, 1117, 1119, 1130, 1134,
marriage contracts, 551–552, 555, 586, 626, 699,
1211, 1253, 1677
916–917
as Son of God, 419, 448–449
marriage feast, 1453, 1476, 1645, 1663
throne of, 1004, 1590
marriage supper, 87, 205, 244, 580, 584, 1470, 1476,
1479, 1492, 1501 would be Messiahs, 421
Martyrdom of Isaiah, 956–957, 1104–1105 wrath of, 1484
Masada, 565, 823, 880, 898, 1054, 1411 Messianic Apocalypse, 420
materialism, 11, 21 metaphors, 139, 191, 198, 242, 247, 265, 297, 303, 415–
416, 427, 439–440, 450, 456–458, 470, 488, 498, 542,
measured temple
545, 555, 559–560, 563, 563n21, 564–565, 568–570,
AD 70 and, 878–909 583, 611, 623, 672–673, 699, 730–731, 754, 781, 795,
allusions and, 882 825, 837, 849, 1011–1012, 1039, 1242, 1249, 1268, 1289,
altars and, 874–875, 888, 893–894 1342n104, 1381, 1456, 1475–1476, 1480, 1494, 1531,
apostate excommunication and, 911–916 1573n73, 1578, 1606, 1626, 1645
confidence and, 906 meteors, 187, 521, 763
demon exorcism and, 910–911 Methodius, 2
dispensationalism and, 873, 899 Michael, 236, 582–583, 726, 974, 998, 1016–1019,
ekballo and, 910–919 1021–1022, 1030, 1065, 1548
elders and, 888 microcosm, 297, 358–359, 442, 456, 667, 1516
Ezekiel and, 871–872, 895 mighty angel, 341, 593, 613, 844, 849–850, 852, 858,
1019, 1600, 1741
function of measuring and, 887–899
millennial kingdom, 600, 1585, 1597, 1680
futurism and, 873
millennium, 11, 56, 91, 110, 206, 505, 921, 1486, 1510–
historical setting of, 873–887, 881t 1511, 1541, 1543–1545, 1550–1551, 1565, 1573–1579,
Jerusalem and, 875–887 1581, 1585, 1587–1588, 1591, 1609, 1613, 1626, 1631,
Jewish War and, 904–909 1637, 1662–1663, 1707, 1725
Olivet Discourse and, 881 millstone, 760, 1239, 1322, 1441–1442, 1445, 1449
overview of, 870–873 Minucius Felix, 1057
preterism and, 874–875, 899 miracle worker, 1090
redemptive-historical excursus on, 910–919 Mishnah, 61–63, 278, 286, 552, 565, 582, 626, 724–725,
remnant and, 894–895 875, 901, 1037, 1104, 1138, 1171–1172, 1231, 1278, 1300,

1852 Subject Index
1302n55, 1357, 1384–1385, 1389, 1403, 1417, 1422, mystic, 64, 78, 89, 122, 273, 282, 307, 315, 557, 883, 887,
1424–1427, 1430, 1436, 1445–1447, 1451–1452, 1455, 892, 940, 951, 955–956, 1024, 1169, 1241, 1248, 1305,
1463, 1565 1567, 1625
missions and missionaries, 49, 70–71, 82, 104, 108, mythology, 119, 185, 994, 1042
146, 160, 163, 231, 239, 268, 293, 364, 367, 371, 401,
407, 478, 514, 530, 649, 658, 795, 862, 867–868, 916,
927, 929, 947, 1029, 1072, 1088, 1176, 1310, 1398, 1529, N
1530, 1536, 1540, 1556, 1620, 1634, 1662
monasticism, 1162
moneychangers, 74, 265–266, 305, 677, 872, 891, 1389 nakedness, 244, 382–383, 387, 473, 500, 555, 626, 631,
1230–1232, 1263, 1353–1359, 1438, 1479, 1636
Montanism, 109
name
moon, 105, 117, 188, 191, 256, 333, 521, 529, 557, 591,
608, 665–669, 673–676, 678, 686, 699, 750, 754, of God, 87, 198, 427, 694, 840, 858, 1160, 1203,
763–764, 767–768, 772, 779, 793, 882, 996, 998–999, 1205, 1208, 1303, 1337, 1467, 1698
1001–1002, 1093, 1249, 1447, 1451, 1532, 1612, 1632, of Jesus, 146, 367, 401, 441, 491, 657
1667, 1668, 1675, 1680, 1688, 1725 names, 858, 1105, 1138, 1142, 1160, 1174, 1203, 1205,
morning star, 87, 188–189, 261, 362, 383, 386, 420–421, 1208, 1303–1305, 1337, 1467, 1468, 1535, 1614, 1631,
427, 445, 448, 467–468, 675, 692, 764, 952, 1093, 1667, 1640, 1678, 1698, 1719, 1722
1732–1733, 1750–1751 Napoleon, 89
Moses, 145–146, 154, 204, 254, 269, 306, 321, 337, 406, nations, 27–28, 60–61, 69, 87, 118, 140, 145, 148, 150,
415, 417, 423–424, 450, 514–515, 523, 533, 695, 731, 175, 189, 205–206, 215, 242, 260, 262, 268, 270, 273,
746–747, 753, 757–758, 765, 779, 799, 805, 809, 831, 277, 281, 288, 294, 312, 314, 317, 344, 346, 383, 386,
848, 859, 883, 895, 899, 910, 927, 930, 932, 934–935, 417, 427, 445, 465–466, 481, 491, 515, 549n5, 561, 579,
939–944, 951, 958, 964–965, 1076, 1079, 1091, 1113– 587, 644, 714, 720, 722, 725, 758, 774, 816, 818, 826,
1115, 1121, 1134, 1161, 1163, 1234, 1253, 1297, 1300, 853, 861, 868, 871–872, 881–882, 889–891, 905, 919,
1391–1392, 1454, 1463, 1490, 1501 935, 941, 955, 974, 977, 979–981, 992, 996, 1001–1002,
mother church, 66, 706, 719, 726, 894n30, 1016, 1036– 1011, 1013–1014, 1043, 1064, 1074, 1084, 1113, 1156,
1037, 1041, 1160 1167–1168, 1171, 1173–1174, 1184, 1187, 1192, 1198, 1200,
mothers, 76, 115, 187, 458, 560, 566, 656, 673, 997, 1228, 1234, 1242–1243, 1246, 1249, 1266–1267, 1278,
999–1000, 1004, 1011 1280, 1282, 1285, 1364, 1369, 1372, 1378–1379, 1381,
1383, 1385, 1400, 1403–1405, 1438, 1441, 1500, 1502,
motifs, 78, 80–81, 119, 139, 162, 174, 192, 197, 241, 276– 1509, 1513–1515, 1520, 1527, 1533, 1536, 1540–1541,
277, 293, 407, 553, 573, 575, 582, 585, 588, 596, 599, 1544, 1551, 1553, 1555–1557, 1569, 1572, 1583–1585,
674, 779, 836, 848, 850, 864, 927, 1016, 1087, 1189, 1588–1589, 1592, 1595–1596, 1601–1602, 1613, 1617,
1205, 1265, 1289, 1338, 1378, 1463, 1515, 1519, 1521, 1620, 1625, 1641–1642, 1663, 1668, 1671, 1674, 1676,
1535, 1537, 1567, 1571, 1622, 1630, 1637, 1653, 1670, 1685, 1688–1691, 1693–1695, 1697–1701, 1703, 1706–
1671, 1685, 1723 1708, 1715, 1720–1721, 1725
mountains nativity, 1002, 1010–1012
Babylon and, 760–761 near-term events, 227–228, 234, 237–239, 249, 257,
burning mountain, 744–745, 749, 759, 761 279, 301, 309, 311, 317, 351, 359, 464, 467, 484, 503,
holy mountain, 759–760, 779, 880, 1159, 1249, 616, 643, 648, 650, 875, 932, 960, 982, 996, 1023,
1252, 1369, 1595, 1664, 1716 1032, 1043, 1071, 1183, 1200, 1234, 1331, 1338, 1431,
kingdoms and, 1330 1471, 1504, 1505, 1527, 1528, 1535, 1543, 1552, 1561,
Mount Gerizzim, 1251 1572, 1581, 1583, 1586, 1589, 1600, 1603, 1618, 1737,
1742, 1744, 1753
Mount of Olives, 32, 267, 315, 572, 800, 990, 1157
Nebuchadnezzar, 69, 226, 448, 617, 631, 772, 793, 810,
Mount Sinai, 52, 202, 249, 334, 336, 521, 523, 813, 835, 884, 988, 1223, 1305, 1352, 1498, 1705, 1735
556–557, 571, 746–760, 778, 895, 927, 997, 1159,
1236, 1240, 1362, 1475, 1639 Neco, 793, 813
Mount Zion, 1154, 1156–1160, 1164, 1182, 1304– necropolis, 375, 470
1305, 1352, 1595, 1664 Nero Caesar
seven mountains, 30, 32, 190, 910, 1006, 1046– AD 70 and, 27, 38, 106, 466, 504, 616, 698, 808
1047, 1057, 1314, 1318, 1324–1336, 1664 Apollo and, 803
symbolism and, 1330 assumption of power of, 31
mouths, 188, 196, 713, 761, 797, 804, 822, 824–825, beast from the sea and, 1052–1055, 1059–1063,
828, 867, 942, 964, 1054, 1056, 1068, 1099, 1103, 1165, 1070–1079
1217, 1226, 1226n23, 1485, 1488, 1495–1496, 1504– Christians persecuted under, 20, 51, 482, 634,
1505, 1507, 1540 649–650, 662–663, 863, 947, 953–954, 1041,
multitude, 1026, 1061, 1161, 1163, 1196, 1279, 1313, 1360, 1043, 1063, 1069–1078, 1085–1086, 1094, 1137,
1457, 1461–1466, 1467, 1470, 1472, 1502, 1543, 1571, 1379, 1439, 1458, 1657, 1721
1597, 1666, 1676. See also heavenly multitude composition date and, 23–24, 26, 30–32, 38, 42
Muratorian Canon, 10, 18, 40, 107 cruel nature of, 1055
myriads, 201, 540, 584, 601–602, 812–813, 820, 1026, death of, 57, 504, 1059–1063
1624, 1646 displaying himself as God, 537
mysteries, 2, 7, 32, 110, 120, 143, 190, 226, 261, 351, Jewish War and, 616, 803
462–463, 529, 625, 646, 853, 854–856, 858–861, 879,
975, 989, 1151, 1153, 1268, 1284, 1303–1305, 1312–1313, Julio-Claudian line dying out with, 1061
1318–1319, 1322, 1475, 1537 Paul put to death by, 438, 537
mystery of God, 853, 855–856, 859–861, 879, 975, 989, preterism and, 98
1537 successor of, 667

Subject Index 1853
suicide of, 25, 31, 38, 466, 504 Ezekiel and, 1616, 1620, 1630, 1632, 1639–1641,
worshipping of, 1052–1053 1652
Neronic persecution, 20, 51, 482, 634, 649–650, 662– fire and, 1613
663, 947, 953, 954, 1041, 1043, 1063, 1069–1072, 1075, function of vision of, 1617–1620
1077–1078, 1085–1086, 1094, 1137, 1379, 1439, 1458, goal in, 539–540
1657, 1721 idolatry and, 1657
new covenant Isaiah and, 1614, 1621–1623
AD 70 and, 66, 100, 168, 205, 264, 580, 600, 732, Jesus and, 673, 678–679, 1630, 1655
976–979, 1527, 1588, 1624–1625, 1644
last days and, 90
already / not yet dynamic of, 428, 467
light and, 1645
already/ not yet dynamic of, 1608
marriage’s results and, 1638–1658
biblical-redemptive history and, 65
Messiah and, 1614, 1622
Christianity and, 76, 153, 292–293, 336, 871, 884,
942, 962, 1188, 1193, 1363, 1444, 1451, 1561, 1588, new song and, 597
1595, 1611–1620, 1642, 1670, 1672, 1718, 1726 Noahic covenant and, 519
covenant lawsuit and, 204 Old Testament and, 1625, 1633, 1639–1640, 1648
earthquake as symbol of, 672–673, 1236 overview of, 1608–1610
elders and, 586, 594, 727 parallelisms and, 1643, 1643t
Ezekiel and, 1623–1624 preterism and, 1611
Gentiles included in, 716 redemptive-historical excursus on, 1611–1620
handmaids and, 716 resurrection and, 1644, 1647
heavenly new covenant, 990, 1002, 1030, 1176, sea and, 1628–1630
1252 spiritual dimensions of, 493–497
Holy Spirit and, 894, 1642, 1670, 1679 symbolism and, 1628, 1632
idolatry and, 639 temple and, 1640–1641
Isaiah and, 1000, 1614, 1621, 1647 vice list and, 1654–1655
judgment and, 168, 518, 540, 553, 600, 741, 1084, new exodus, 259, 291, 533, 596, 1016, 1100, 1189, 1191,
1615, 1619, 1625 1490, 1640, 1653, 1723–1724
kingdom and, 1493, 1596, 1598, 1665, 1692 new heaven and new earth
kings of the earth and, 271, 278–279 absence of curse and the accursed and,
marriage metaphor and, 205, 576, 732, 1475– 1709–1723
1477, 1663 allusions and, 1714
old covenant made obsolete due to, 7, 49, 65, 98, Ezekiel and, 1699, 1706, 1721
102, 298, 336, 412, 596–597, 747, 764, 858, 895, Genesis and, 1720–1721
942, 989, 991, 996, 1002, 1161, 1494, 1528, 1595, impact of sources for, 1718–1721
1648, 1650, 1653, 1666
meaning of curse and accursed, 1709–1712
open access of, 1629–1630
meaning of statement on the curse and,
preterism and, 98, 1621 1714–1718
redemptive-historical focus and, 238, 271, 360, nations and, 1707–1708
554, 580
new Jerusalem bride and, 1697–1726
remnant and, 1002, 1308, 1496
Old Testament and, 1714, 1714t, 1725
resurrection and, 962
open gates and, 1717
sacramental meal and, 1561
parallelisms and, 1725, 1725t
sealed 144,000 and, 523, 719
point of statement on the curse and, 1721–1723
seven trumpet angels and seventh trumpet and,
presence of God and, 1723–1726
990–991
redemptive-historical excursus on, 1709–1723
spiritual enthronement and, 520
river and, 1699–1700
symbolism and, 1635, 1690
source of statement on the curse and, 1712–1714,
temple and, 596–597, 849, 990–991, 1104, 1444
1712t
two witnesses and, 963, 1308
symbolism and, 1705
as universal kingdom of priests, 599, 1692
tree of life and, 1697–1709
voice and, 336
Zechariah and, 1718–1720
wine as symbol of, 573, 597
new Jerusalem
new creation
AD 70 and, 69–70
AD 70 and, 1613–1614, 1629, 1639, 1646
allusions and, 489
allusions and, 1652
Babylon and, 271, 291, 491, 579–580
apostates and, 1657–1658
as bride, 154, 204–205, 271, 551, 582, 599
bond-servants and, 1611
Christianity and, 17, 339, 747
bride’s representation and, 1620–1637
colors and, 518
Christianity and, 858, 1611–1620, 1648
dramatic goal and, 85, 87, 271
covenant promises and, 1641–1642
Ezekiel and, 69, 140
dispensationalism and, 1626
gates of, 707
exodus and, 1622
as heart of new creation, 493

1854 Subject Index
Isaiah and, 70 meaning of, 417, 425
judgment and, 159, 643 Paul and, 403–404
kings of the earth and, 271 as rejecting Jesus’ true identity, 409, 422
Lamb and, 84, 271, 551, 579–580, 582 seven oracles and, 395–399, 403–412, 417, 458
pillars and, 489–490 symbolism and, 424
promise of, 362, 383, 421–422, 488 synagogue of Satan and, 399–400
redemptive-historical focus and, 85, 87, 271 theological heresy and, 422–424
rhetorical strategy and, 163 underlying revelational concern and, 411–412
size of, 189, 701 warning against, 953, 1755
as superseding old Jerusalem, 159, 279, 315, 491, Nicolas of Lyra, 89
607, 760 Nineveh, 147, 315
new Jerusalem bride nuptial, 205, 554–562, 568–571, 576, 732, 1452, 1475–
AD 70 and, 858, 1488, 1599, 1666, 1676, 1686, 1476, 1487, 1637, 1682
1707
bond-servants and, 1644
book of life and, 1696 O
cherubim and, 1670–1671
Christianity and, 1597 oaths, 543, 836, 856–860, 863, 866, 916, 922, 982,
coming of the Bridge and, 1661–1665 1012, 1208–1209, 1402, 1415, 1421, 1499
Ezekiel and, 1662, 1666, 1671, 1674–1675 occasional literature, 114, 252, 377, 1088, 1754
gates and, 1683–1684, 1693–1694 Octavius, 1334–1335, 1349
glory of, 1685–1696 Oecumenius, 111, 364, 666, 686, 702–703, 741, 886,
Godly inhabitants welcomed and, 1694–1696 1242, 1295
Hebraic character and, 1695 oil, 256, 626–628, 696, 731, 937–939, 1355, 1358, 1384,
Isaiah and, 1632–1633, 1637, 1643–1647, 1667, 1412, 1420–1421, 1423, 1426, 1450–1451, 1689
1671–1672, 1682–1683, 1689–1690 old covenant
kings of the earth and, 1674, 1678, 1689–1692 AD 70 and, 65–66, 76, 100, 166–168, 264, 339,
Lamb and, 1722 360, 548, 580, 894–895, 989, 1035, 1182, 1444,
1466, 1533, 1556, 1620, 1629, 1641–1643, 1676,
mountains and, 1664 1686
nations and, 1690 covenant lawsuit and, 84, 161, 174, 198, 203–204,
new heaven and new earth and, 1697–1726 257–258, 357, 379, 387, 393, 454–456, 563, 636,
no sun needed by, 1688–1693 640–641
no temple need by, 1685–1688 curse and, 136, 413, 551, 586, 624, 631, 636, 668,
Old Testament and, 1662, 1671 673, 771, 785, 1022, 1188, 1194, 1196, 1199, 1204,
parallelisms and, 1661–1662 1230, 1244, 1443–1444, 1501, 1508
protective walls and, 1668–1673, 1680 elders and, 523–524, 586, 594, 1008, 1026, 1678
redemptive-historical focus and, 1662 exodus and, 895, 1037–1038
Shekinah and, 1688 Hebraic character and, 1736
Spirit and, 1663–1664 judgment and, 49, 75, 84–85, 107, 249, 518, 540,
606, 768, 852, 860, 871, 893, 942, 983, 1044,
stability of, 1665–1681
1084, 1182, 1188, 1222, 1230, 1240, 1556, 1582,
strength of, 1661–1681 1648–1651, 1736
symbolism and, 1683–1684, 1690 new covenant rendering obsolete, 7, 49, 65, 98,
synagogue of Satan and, 1631, 1657, 1677 102, 298, 336, 412, 596–597, 747, 764, 858, 895,
theme and, 1695 942, 989, 991, 996, 1002, 1161, 1494, 1528, 1595,
twelve tribes and, 1674–1675, 1678 1648, 1650, 1653, 1666
value of, 1681–1696 old covenant Israel, 33, 136, 158, 421–422, 518,
new name, 87, 164, 383, 385, 387–388, 422, 427, 438– 520–524, 580, 590, 699, 712, 875, 938, 939, 962,
439, 442–444, 474, 488, 491, 595, 1074, 1487, 1614, 1001, 1026, 1035, 1037, 1159, 1161–1162, 1230,
1631, 1637, 1672 1467, 1484, 1561, 1594, 1596, 1598, 1613–1614,
1621, 1642, 1670, 1677, 1678, 1692, 1722–1724,
new song, 1154, 1161–1162, 1167 1736
Nicholas of Damascus, 1051 prophetic mantle and, 82, 161–162, 279, 388
Nicodemus, 285, 1310, 1319 old garment, 597
Nicolaitans Old Testament. See also allusions
AD 70 and, 412 abyss and, 155
circumcision and, 425 AD 70 and, 985, 1458
definition of, 395 altars and, 80, 155, 848, 1128
false prophecy and, 423 angels and, 154–155, 520, 696
idolatry of, 424 anti-Semitism charges and, 213–217
Jewish understanding of, 396, 404, 441 apocalypses and, 162, 184, 190, 748
Jewish-Christian error and, 422 Babylon and, 104, 116, 155, 188, 191, 272, 335, 536,
Jezebel and, 395 669, 675, 690, 758
lack of certainty on, 395, 403

Subject Index 1855
beast from the land and, 1089, 1100, 1128, first six seals and, 610, 646, 667, 674
1130–1131 first six trumpets and, 774
beast from the sea and, 1048, 1081–1082 gē and, 278
commissioning vision and, 338–341 greeting and theme and, 270–271
court scene and, 511–512, 517, 522, 525 Jewish War and, 612
Egypt and, 80–81, 155, 272, 442, 669, 993, 1266, judgment and, 1015, 1038, 1123, 1276, 1285, 1394,
1286–1287, 1338, 1443, 1475, 1494 1459, 1487, 1495
elders and, 1467 literary sources and, 149–150, 152
exodus and, 67, 80–81, 596, 699, 772, 895, 913, measured temple and, 881
957, 1027, 1039, 1065, 1191–1192, 1260 Old Testament and, 146–147, 1276
fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1368, 1375, 1383, Revelation as expansion on, 72
1402–1403, 1428, 1432, 1439, 1454
seven seals and, 267
final judgment of the harlot and, 1303, 1306–
1307, 1321, 1330, 1338, 1340, 1354–1355 superscription and, 224
final testimonies and admonition and, 1741–1743 theme and, 315–316, 887
final victory of the Lamb and, 1475n4, 1496–1498 tribulation and, 856
first six seals and, 639–640, 641–642, 680–681 warning of, 1015, 1038, 1123, 1285, 1394, 1459,
1532
first six trumpets and, 751–752, 751t, 754, 760–
762, 825–826 Olympians, 639, 1051
forensic drama and, 937, 1756 Omega, Alpha and, 321–322, 348, 449, 539, 1071, 1638,
1651, 1733, 1735, 1742, 1745–1746
four living creatures and, 154
omniscience, 391, 459
gē and, 275–278
144,000. See sealed 144,000
greeting and theme and, 292–294
1,260 days, 696, 996, 1014, 1015, 1022, 1416
harlot and, 560–561, 581–582
1000 years, 227, 230–231, 233, 235, 244, 269, 464, 550,
harlot of Babylon and the beast and, 1260–1263, 757, 1014, 1048, 1508, 1542, 1546, 1557, 1594
1266, 1274
onomatopoetic, 247, 430, 773, 1226
Hebraic character and, 76–77, 554, 830
onyx, 1294, 1296, 1421, 1681–1683
idolatry and, 415, 560–561, 639, 683, 830, 1214,
1231 open door, 371–372, 382, 386, 474, 477, 481, 502, 512–
514, 527, 642
kings of the earth and, 268–269
opening beatitude, 243–244
literary sources and, 122–139, 142–143, 149–151
oracles. See seven oracles
little book and, 845–847
oral performance, 994, 1208
new creation and, 1625, 1633, 1639–1640, 1648
orality, 144, 147–149, 173, 191–196, 216, 247, 427, 514,
new heaven and new earth and, 1714, 1714t, 1725 606, 609, 694
Olivet Discourse and, 146–147, 1276 Origen, 11–12, 18, 62, 112, 116, 299, 318, 328, 330, 334,
overview of, 6–7 549, 550n7, 620, 1078, 1369, 1609
prophetic mantle and, 159–162 original audience, 42–46, 92, 94, 96, 98, 106–107, 112,
redemptive-historical focus and, 76–77, 80–81 134, 156, 195, 227, 232, 249, 252, 262, 300–301, 359,
Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1556, 1581, 467, 520, 553, 578, 1014, 1059, 1145, 1316, 1326, 1329,
1595 1332, 1485, 1538, 1602, 1614, 1618, 1654, 1737, 1754,
sealed 144,000 and, 693–697, 706 1764
seven last plagues and, 1225, 1229–1230, Orosius, 1045, 1072
1237–1238 orthodox, 18, 33, 88, 109, 215, 395, 422, 650, 662,
seven oracles and, 356–357, 418, 460 931n86, 1078, 1139, 1510, 1738
seven trumpet angels and seventh trumpet and, Otho, 319, 1059, 1316, 1327, 1333, 1335–1336, 1341
989 outline issues
seven-sealed book and, 547–551, 554–555, 572, approach of present volume to, 173–182
590–591, 595–596 basic outline, 175–182
seventh seal and, 740 challenges for outlining, 170–173
Son of Man and, 153, 338, 452 overview of, 170–182
stars and, 190, 674, 763 overcoming, 9, 45, 101, 152, 188, 253, 273, 357, 358,
sun-clothed woman and the red dragon and, 363, 416, 427, 437, 443–444, 454, 464, 467, 484, 489,
1034, 1038–1041 491, 502, 505, 512, 524, 586, 589, 611, 647, 714, 723,
theme and, 295–296, 315 853, 934, 951–954, 997, 1031–1032, 1034, 1039, 1063,
1066–1067, 1069–1071, 1074, 1085, 1166, 1264, 1323,
two witnesses and, 921–922, 937–938, 945, 1350–1352, 1391, 1493, 1505, 1524–1525, 1549, 1561,
956–958 1563–1564, 1569, 1571, 1581, 1583–1584, 1586, 1590,
visions of blessing and judgment and, 1159, 1169 1597, 1603, 1614, 1618–1619, 1630–1631, 1638, 1652–
Olivet Discourse 1654, 1656, 1669, 1672, 1677, 1687, 1708, 1721, 1730,
AD 70 and, 70, 890, 1487, 1564 1747, 1755, 1759
allusion and, 881 Ovid, 1058, 1316, 1325, 1404
beast from the land and, 1125
composition date and, 28, 36
false prophets and, 1123

1856 Subject Index
P missionary journey of, 367, 916, 927

Nero’s persecution of, 1056
new covenant and, 69, 656, 760
Palestine, 56, 59, 63, 67, 123–124, 155–156, 264, 278– new creation and, 1648–1649
279, 286, 310, 340, 396, 400, 441, 485, 487, 637, 639,
641, 646, 647, 652, 655, 671, 711, 717, 746, 769, 771, 815, new Jerusalem bride and, 1695
823, 876, 877, 897, 900, 907, 933, 946, 961, 1032, 1089, Nicolaitans and, 403–404
1099, 1104, 1114, 1133, 1150, 1156, 1168, 1185, 1197, personal directives of, 325
1206, 1233, 1247, 1280, 1328, 1348, 1353, 1384, 1388, resurrection and, 1480n9
1403, 1417, 1420, 1429, 1454, 1590, 1622 seven oracles and, 403–404
Palestinian Judaism, 60, 214 temple ritual and, 35
palm branches, 723–724 victory of Jesus’ rule and, 975
papacy, 70 warning about defective doctrines and, 108
Papias of Hierapolis, 11, 14–15, 110 pax Romana, 619–620
parables, 143, 147, 266, 304, 311, 573, 654, 660, 830, peace, 55, 57, 58, 73, 141, 202, 209, 251, 253–255, 265,
914, 942, 980, 1039, 1125, 1373, 1474–1476, 1480, 1548, 311, 326, 394, 401, 485, 504, 617, 618–620, 711, 736,
1577, 1645, 1656, 1663 853, 903, 944, 959, 1059, 1067, 1073, 1129, 1134, 1136,
paradise, 70, 428, 1074, 1626, 1699, 1706, 1714, 1720– 1216, 1228, 1231, 1246, 1343, 1349, 1373–1374, 1395,
1721, 1747, 1759 1432, 1451, 1480, 1503, 1583, 1638, 1647–1648, 1673,
parallelisms, 165, 320, 606, 643, 646, 1269–1271, 1341, 1693, 1713
1341t, 1346, 1499, 1499t, 1568, 1643, 1643t, 1661–1662, Pella, 299, 698, 904, 944, 946, 958, 1015–1016, 1049,
1725, 1725t, 1730–1732, 1730–1732t, 1753, 1753t 1094, 1116, 1248, 1392–1393, 1401
parodies, 429, 693, 710, 1006, 1059, 1087, 1123, 1138, penal colony, 20, 132
1140, 1300, 1314, 1317, 1339, 1346 Pentecost, 52, 83–84, 206, 266, 333, 505, 572, 656,
paronomasia, 425, 427, 1443 667–668, 674, 676, 919, 921, 960, 963, 1023, 1150,
parousia, 97, 147, 297–298, 472, 666, 1322n74, 1459, 1219, 1237, 1281, 1363, 1435, 1476, 1525, 1532, 1547,
1531, 1536, 1737 1552, 1580, 1631, 1652, 1662, 1666, 1686, 1738, 1744
Parthians, 505, 615–616, 618, 795, 1060, 1223 Pergamum
partings of the ways, 904 allusions and, 374–375
Passover, 54, 62, 81, 83, 235, 259, 318, 407, 533, 588– altar in, 368–369
589, 630, 695, 697, 783, 960, 968n135, 1231, 1299, Balaamites and, 416, 440–441
1363, 1373, 1410, 1427, 1435, 1463 closing call and, 383
Patmos, 21, 42, 107, 125, 132, 174–176, 237, 241, 243, ethical stipulations and, 382
301, 323, 325, 327–330, 364, 389, 503, 506, 509, 634,
872, 1043, 1371, 1482, 1547, 1616, 1677 historical survey of, 368–369, 438
patriarchs, 277, 522, 716, 719, 813, 1454, 1593, 1674–1675 inheritance provisions and, 383
Paul Jesus’ warning of, 414–415
AD 70 and, 928, 1649, 1704 Jewish community in, 82
blasphemy and, 1221 manna and, 442–443
Christians persecuted by, 401, 658 Nicolaitanism and, 441–442, 456, 953
churches established by, 1150 opening address to, 380
circumcision and, 425 oracle formatting and, 385
commissioning vision and, 330 persecutional trials and, 439–440
composition date and, 40 political importance of, 438
contributions for believing Jerusalemites and, promises to, 442–443
50 seven oracles and, 368–369, 374–375, 437–444
conversion of, 928 sovereign’s identification and, 380
crucifixion blame and, 84 sword of rule and, 374
death of, 40, 329, 438, 537 synagogue of Satan and, 438–439, 1210–1212
discipleship of, 409 temple in, 1051
divine inspiration and, 116 witness and, 440
Ephesus preaching of, 158, 366, 392, 396 persecution. See Jewish persecution of Christianity
epistles of, 114–115 perseverance, 42, 45, 87, 229, 242, 248, 253, 293, 301,
Gentiles and, 860–861 320, 325, 326–327, 357, 358, 363, 381–382, 384–386,
389, 390–393, 408, 416, 422, 435, 444, 453–455, 465,
idolatry and, 837, 840, 1101, 1118–1119 468, 474, 478, 483–484, 503, 511, 534, 536, 635, 642,
ironic reversal and, 142 664, 743, 996, 1034, 1041, 1047, 1067, 1068, 1074,
Jewish antagonism and, 913n60, 1079, 1122 1084–1086, 1174–1176, 1181, 1321, 1457, 1479, 1559,
Jewish opposition to, 38, 85, 754, 832 1564, 1572, 1636, 1657, 1658, 1696, 1739, 1746, 1748,
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 403– 1752, 1754, 1757
404, 658 Persia, 67, 105, 357, 365, 370, 375, 428, 524, 993, 1018,
Jews critiqued by, 1028–1029 1223, 1329, 1333, 1382
Johannine authorship and, 18 perspective (heavenly), 723, 728, 973, 998, 1569, 1584
judgment and, 266–267 pesher method of interpretation, 287–289
judgment day and, 970 Pestilence, 442, 607, 847, 1390, 1395, 1407
martyrdom and, 634 Peter, 14, 33, 51, 84, 86, 108, 145, 148, 161, 164, 169, 230,

Subject Index 1857
234, 266, 274, 285, 287, 291, 326, 329–330, 333, 392, first six trumpets and, 165, 168, 735, 751–752,
399, 406, 423, 435, 440–441, 449, 463, 476, 489, 505, 751t, 754
585, 592, 600, 656–657, 662–663, 667–668, 674, 676, high priestly aristocracy and, 764
697, 706, 712, 729, 753, 832, 900–901, 941–942, 946, seven bowls and, 164–165, 168
947n111, 949, 1020, 1023, 1072, 1077–1079, 1121, 1159,
1171n8, 1219, 1393, 1438–1439, 1532–1533, 1561n60, Pliny, 367, 619, 754, 882, 1055, 1089, 1308n61, 1371,
1578, 1622n7, 1666, 1677 1679
Pharaoh, 752, 772, 793, 798–799, 813, 836, 913, 1005, polemics, 118, 123, 140, 157–159, 214, 282, 318, 397, 418,
1040, 1068, 1084, 1161, 1185, 1190, 1191, 1221, 1226, 429, 460, 491, 896n35, 1110, 1117, 1120, 1686
1233, 1338, 1442, 1487, 1667 political correctness, 206, 434
Pharisaic, 410, 464, 653, 834 political upheaval, 106, 264, 425, 486–488, 966, 1243
Pharisees, 56, 61, 63–64, 74, 83, 124, 264, 266, 271, 285, Polybius, 375
304, 318, 402, 408, 422, 426, 464, 470, 477, 498, 566, Polycarp, 79, 368, 431, 649, 961n123, 1080, 1510–1511
574, 583, 645, 653, 729, 775, 832, 834, 839, 916, 924, polyvalent image, 159, 272, 526, 766
977, 1028, 1030, 1088, 1090, 1093, 1102, 1121, 1125, Pompey, 69, 284, 652, 815, 879–880, 988, 1334, 1437,
1132, 1135, 1140, 1168, 1199, 1295, 1298, 1311, 1319, 1413 1672
Philadelphia Pontius Pilate, 263, 264, 266, 274, 275, 286, 288, 289,
AD 70 and, 481–482 306, 307–308, 313, 407, 451, 518, 576, 581, 639, 655,
allusions and, 476, 489–490 754, 767, 771, 803, 829, 838, 961, 984, 985–986, 1051,
closing call and, 384 1097, 1133, 1159, 1213, 1216, 1235, 1289–1290, 1302,
David and, 481–482, 488 1361, 1452, 1456, 1498
ethical stipulations and, 382 Poppaea, 662, 931n86, 1075, 1077–1079
historical prologue and, 380 population (Jerusalem), 27, 630, 783, 820, 885–886,
967–968, 1109
historical survey of, 371–372, 475
population (Jewish), 34, 52, 56, 84, 158, 368, 372, 430–
hour of testing and, 483–485 431, 447, 486, 496, 663, 908, 1078, 1150, 1280
inheritance provisions and, 383 population (Rome), 27, 52, 56, 447, 663, 908, 968, 1067,
Jerusalem and, 486–487, 490–492 1428
Jesus and, 413, 422, 430, 475–489 populism, 5–6, 11, 117, 221, 306, 408
legal sanctions and, 383 postal road, 107, 252
new Jerusalem promised to, 362, 383, 421–422, postmillennial, 1591, 1627, 1670, 1691
488 potter, 383, 386, 445, 465, 1448, 1569
open door image and, 477–482 poverty, 33, 37, 353, 381, 385, 413, 428, 430–431, 631,
opening address to, 380 665, 1141, 1419
oracle formatting and, 386–387 predestination, 474, 1361, 1653
seven oracles and, 371–372, 474–492 premillennialism, 11, 94–95, 98, 99, 103, 165, 186, 208,
Son of Man and, 475–476 230, 304, 306, 600, 749, 1510–1513, 1537, 1544, 1550–
sovereign’s identification and, 380 1551, 1553–1554, 1562–1563, 1573, 1576, 1581, 1584,
synagogue of Satan in, 33, 477–480 1590, 1613, 1707, 1745
those who dwell on the earth and, 486 preterism
Philip, 14, 942, 1349 AD 70 and, 22, 99–101, 207, 971, 1518, 1543
Philo, 52, 64–65, 158, 217, 285, 321, 343, 404, 408, 449, allusions and, 111, 1219
490, 519, 537, 619, 678, 701, 712, 724, 764, 833, 877, already / not yet nature of, 1610
880, 884, 890, 904–906, 960, 999, 1051–1052, 1057, ancient omission and, 108–113
1150, 1169–1170, 1247, 1278–1279, 1296–1297, 1303n57, antiquity of, 98–102, 920
1386–1387, 1404, 1416, 1422, 1625 anti-Semitism charges and, 205–209, 213
philosophy, 5, 94, 116, 124n96, 1494 Babylon and, 108
Philostratus, 33–34, 368 beast from the land and, 1089, 1124
phylactery (phylacteries), 1139–1140, 1304 biblical distortions and, 118
Pilate, 263, 264, 266, 274, 275, 286, 288, 289, 306, composition date and, 22
307–308, 313, 407, 451, 518, 576, 581, 639, 655, 754,
767, 771, 803, 829, 838, 961, 984–986, 1051, 1097, 1133, definition of, 98
1159, 1213, 1216, 1235, 1289–1290, 1302, 1361, 1452, development of, 98–99
1456, 1498 difficulties for, 103–118
pilgrimages, 83, 482, 717, 724, 848, 876, 899 dispensationalism and, 105, 113, 117, 206
pillars, 87, 154, 188, 340, 345, 383, 387, 421, 427, 474, early supporters of, 98
488–490, 817, 843, 847–849, 855, 859, 861, 890, 955, final judgment and, 103
1074, 1104, 1297–1298, 1425, 1438, 1572, 1614, 1631, first six seals and, 650
1677, 1687
Pisidian Antioch, 84
futurism and, 117
pit, 168, 188, 776–778, 802, 1141, 1219, 1548
greeting and theme and, 263
plagues. See also seven last plagues
harlot and, 650
Egypt and, 167, 259, 321, 533, 736, 751–755, 761,
historical-preterism, 99–100
764, 766–767, 779, 781, 798
Jesus and, 104, 116
exodus and, 81, 138
kingdom and, 975
first six seals and, 779–782
measured temple and, 874–875, 899

1858 Subject Index
new covenant and, 98, 1621 prophetesses, 381, 385, 391, 400, 410, 416, 423–
new creation and, 1611 424, 444, 451–453, 455–458, 1755
occasional literature and, 114 prophetic literature, 138, 183, 248
overview of, 98–103 prophetic mantle, 82, 135, 159–164, 197, 217, 272,
paraenetic irrelevance and, 113–117 279, 321, 347, 388, 639, 865, 1620, 1663
prophetic nature and, 105–106 prophetic pattern, 1266, 1518
rationalist approach to, 106 as servants, 161, 163, 225, 514, 711, 744, 856, 860,
885, 905, 930, 952, 979, 984–985, 1273–1274,
redemptive-historical preterism, 98, 100, 102 1311, 1439, 1644, 1736, 1741
Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1528, 1531 theater of, 36, 74, 266, 677, 866–867, 871, 914n64,
schools of, 98–102 1107, 1441, 1635
seven churches and, 107 proselytism, 56, 208, 426, 885, 960, 1102, 1277–1278,
seven last plagues and, 1219 1281, 1353, 1363
seven trumpet angels and seventh trumpet and, prostitution, 1080, 1258, 1260–1261, 1262, 1269, 1272,
971–972 1276, 1283–1286, 1287, 1289, 1291, 1300, 1306, 1353,
strengths of, 101–102 1455
sun-clothed woman and the red dragon and, prostitution and prostitutes, 72, 397, 419, 555, 559–561
1041 protection (divine), 20, 102, 154, 174, 362, 437, 509,
superscription and, 238–239 695–697, 699
symbolism and, 117–118 Protestant Reformation, 2n5, 89–95, 377
theme and, 49 proto-apocalyptic, 184
two witnesses and, 941–944, 954 providence, 6, 11, 13, 58, 90, 480, 511, 530, 617, 619,
universal images and, 103–105 697, 761, 799, 826, 838, 880, 897, 952, 970, 1158, 1228,
1248–1249, 1288, 1331, 1347n106, 1381n20, 1411, 1432,
views within, 99–100 1495, 1519, 1630
warning expectations and, 106–107 provinces, 44, 52, 56–58, 107, 184, 252, 364, 365, 368,
weaknesses of, 102 372, 374, 433, 447, 485–486, 504, 627, 632, 663, 814,
pretribulational, 483, 516, 1574 882, 905, 907, 960, 1048, 1050, 1060, 1072, 1078,
priests. See high priestly aristocracy 1091, 1096, 1150, 1210, 1246, 1348–1349, 1359, 1374,
Principles of Biblica Interpretation (Berkhof), 42 1404, 1503, 1755
prison and prisoners, 37, 38, 45, 53, 63, 71, 79, 234, Pseudepigrapha, 19, 419, 517, 606, 1510
318, 328, 329, 381, 385, 401–402, 413, 428, 431–432, Pseudo-Aristeas, 1426
435–437, 655–658, 660–661, 665, 781, 789, 797, 802, psychological warfare, 819
827, 839, 912, 1007, 1228, 1248, 1341, 1359, 1364, Ptolemy Philadelphus, 371
1370–1376, 1392, 1409, 1478, 1509, 1546, 1548, 1588– public reading, 248, 354–355
1589, 1702
purple, 64, 187, 342, 369, 393, 1169, 1284, 1291–1292,
procurators, 263, 266, 286, 308, 328, 576, 639, 897, 1294, 1296–1299, 1309, 1412, 1415, 1421, 1423, 1425,
907, 945, 1091–1092, 1095, 1097–1098, 1213, 1216, 1432, 1434, 1625
1235, 1290, 1437, 1498
prolepsis, 104, 164, 168, 174, 261–262, 726, 975, 979,
1158–1159, 1171–1173, 1212, 1275, 1351, 1378, 1396,
1474, 1504–1505, 1517, 1520, 1618, 1695
Q
Promised Land, 72, 81, 155, 276, 278, 309, 548, 590,
619, 640–642, 645, 739, 748, 781, 809, 830, 848, 976, quakes, 81, 150–151, 166–167, 187, 195, 202, 376, 489,
989, 1113, 1137n55, 1223, 1595–1597, 1680 491, 499, 510, 526, 529, 665–666, 671–672, 680, 686,
promises, 362, 383, 421–422, 427, 442–443, 465, 473– 735–736, 738, 746–748, 756, 838, 961, 966–967, 988–
474, 488, 502, 515, 852, 857, 860, 879, 895, 897, 974, 990, 1193, 1220, 1234, 1236–1237, 1239–1243, 1625,
984, 991, 1019, 1033, 1046, 1066, 1084–1085, 1196, 1632, 1639, 1686
1222, 1230, 1264, 1305, 1313, 1364, 1395, 1398, 1550, quasi-eschatological, 1517, 1739
1563, 1572, 1598, 1603, 1616, 1622, 1629, 1636, 1639, Quirinius, 1215, 1310n64
1641, 1645, 1647, 1652–1653, 1676–1677, 1687–1688, Qumran
1702, 1705, 1706, 1713, 1717–1718, 1724, 1730, 1742,
1760 anti-Semitism charges and, 215
Proof of the Gospel (Eusebius), 37 deep things known and, 462
prophets destruction of the temple and, 64
blood of, 151, 271, 726, 754, 916, 950, 1105, 1194, Essene community in, 51
1198, 1202–1204, 1264–1265, 1274, 1283, 1284, high priestly aristocracy and, 215, 1102, 1106,
1308, 1311, 1380, 1401, 1455–1459, 1465 1302, 1388, 1412, 1457
false prophets, 190, 254, 286, 344, 392, 410, 413, Jerusalem as defiled for, 958, 1262, 1268, 1457
416, 420, 423–424, 453, 457, 694, 731, 800, 867, Jewish high priesthood and, 1127
933, 959, 1103, 1123–1124, 1136, 1228, 1375, 1394– Jewish religious authorities and, 1286
1395, 1671, 1741 Jewish War and, 714
fire-breathing and, 931, 947–949, 1495 new Jerusalem and, 491
Jerusalem’s killing of, 65, 82, 303, 306, 576, 652, Old Testament usage in, 137
752, 832, 836, 885, 925, 928, 940, 948, 951, 985,
1120n35, 1274, 1311, 1456–1458 polemical irony and, 274
pattern of, 346, 357 synagogue of Satan and, 36

Subject Index 1859
R paraenetic purpose and, 85–87

persecution of the saints and, 84–85
prophetic authority of Christianity and, 70–72
Rabbinic Judaism, 62, 68, 214, 556, 898–899, 901, 904, prophetic mantle and, 82
1037, 1136, 1140, 1145, 1278, 1384, 1413, 1429, 1454,
1527, 1528, 1639 religious claims and, 85
rabbis and rabbinic, 36, 61–64, 68, 74, 124, 138, 216, Roman imperial history and, 55–58
278, 556, 569, 651, 663, 670, 764, 901, 1036, 1136, social context of Revelation and, 82–85
1140, 1145, 1278, 1413, 1429, 1454, 1527 Reformation, 2n5, 89–95, 377
Rachel, 585, 715 re-interpretation, 41, 90, 97
rainbows, 513, 516, 518–519, 550, 764, 843, 846, 849, religio licita, 482, 863–864, 1098, 1281
1093, 1517–1519, 1533–1534, 1538, 1582, 1585 remnant, 78, 370, 575–576, 582, 605, 697, 699, 704–
read (publically), 248, 354–355, 1151, 1739, 1751 705, 707, 709, 711–715, 719, 722, 752, 790, 871, 893–
realia (Jewish), 72, 124, 276, 605, 1165 895, 908, 915, 918, 962, 1001–1003, 1010–1011, 1014,
re-application, 138, 147, 272–274, 281, 288–289, 1030, 1032, 1036, 1105–1106, 1153, 1156, 1157, 1160,
1034n34 1162–1165, 1180–1181, 1183, 1188–1190, 1302, 1475,
1478, 1496
re-appropriation, 1632
repentance, 49, 70, 146, 174, 178, 183, 191, 196–197, 249,
recapitulation, 72, 93, 164–165, 167–170, 172, 1185, 264, 265, 296–297, 308, 315, 320, 363, 373, 381, 382,
1512–1523, 1535–1541, 1601, 1608, 1612, 1662 385–389, 394–395, 411, 424, 437, 441, 444–445, 451,
recontextualization, 139 457, 464, 468, 470, 472, 481, 487, 492, 497–498, 501,
recycling, 168 502, 551, 564, 569, 592, 752, 784, 789, 796, 803–804,
red dragon. See sun-clothed woman and the red 828, 836–838, 842, 852, 860, 862, 924, 936, 941, 949,
dragon 969–970, 1023, 1167, 1169, 1196, 1205, 1209, 1221–
Red Sea, 765, 817, 848n7, 1040, 1161, 1185, 1189–1192, 1222, 1253, 1403, 1431, 1458, 1472, 1478, 1495, 1743,
1223, 1391–1392, 1435, 1630 1745–1746
redemptive-historical excurses replacement theology, 206
on final judgment of the harlot, 1295–1299 resurrection, 75, 87, 106, 108, 212, 244, 258, 261, 304,
331, 348, 404, 429, 494–497, 505, 588–589, 592, 657,
on first six seals, 638–647, 650–665
678, 712, 733, 856–857, 914, 934, 941, 948, 962–967,
on greeting and theme, 260–290 977, 979, 996, 1003–1004, 1010–1013, 1015, 1022,
on harlot of Babylon and the beast, 1258–1274 1025, 1027–1028, 1065, 1094, 1178, 1182–1183, 1315–
on kings of the earth, 260–290 1317, 1319, 1339–1344, 1346, 1480, 1509, 1518–1519,
on measured temple, 910–919 1522–1523, 1556, 1564, 1573–1580, 1615, 1619, 1633,
on new creation’s coming, 1611–1620 1644, 1646–1647, 1652, 1674, 1707, 1738, 1744, 1747
on new heaven and new earth, 1709–1723 retrospective, 1095, 1515
on Satan’s ruin and final judgment, 1513–1543 Revelation overview
on sealed 144,000, 704–715 acceptance of Revelation, 10–11
on Seven Last Plagues, 1211–1218 anti-Semitism charges, 205–217
on seven oracles, 398–426, 446–451 author approach to outlining, 173–182
on seven-sealed book, 553–582 authorship determination, 11–21
on superscription, 227–239 canonical status, 10–13
on theme, 300–322 composition date, 21–42
redemptive-historical focus context, 5–7
AD 70 and, 55–87 difficulty, 1–7
allusions and, 76 divine inspiration, 10, 13
biblical-redemptive history and, 65–66 dramatic form, 191–205
composition date and, 36 Hebrews parallels, 7
concern with apostasy and, 86–87 influence, 8–10
crucifixion blame and, 84 interpretative approaches, 88–103
dramatic goal of Revelation and, 85 Judaic flavor, 153–156
exodus and, 80–82 literary sources, 119–153
fidelity blessing and, 87 meaning, 1–7
foundational history of Christianity and, 66–70 methodological approach, 5–7
Hebraic character and, 75–84 Old Testament, 6–7
Jesus and, 73–75, 86 opening comments, 1–7
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 78, 85–86 original audience, 42–46
Jewish religious history and, 58–65 original title, 8
Jewish War and, 55–58 outline issues, 170–182
literary theme and, 75 polemical point, 157–159
new covenant and, 238, 271, 360, 554, 580 premillennialism, 11
new Jerusalem and, 85, 87, 271 problems with commentaries, 6
New Testament preparation and, 73–75 prophetic mantle, 159–164
Old Testament and, 76–77, 80–81 redemptive-historical focus, 5, 55–87
overview of, 5, 55 revelational progress, 164–170

1860 Subject Index
scholarship, 3–5, 10–11 1094, 1210, 1246, 1273, 1336, 1341–1342, 1344,
specific genre, 182–185 1361, 1496, 1502, 1507
symbolism, 185–191 coins of, 58, 537, 763, 803
temporal expectation, 46–47 collapse of, 70, 98, 350–351, 1060
theme statement, 48–55 Daniel and, 869, 1039, 1333
translation, 8 Egypt and, 815, 1050, 1150, 1280
universal interest, 8–10 emperor worship in, 1050–1051, 1054, 1065,
revelational progress, 166–170 1099–1101, 1103–1105, 1107, 1109, 1111, 1113, 1115,
1117, 1119–1120, 1125, 1155, 1211–1212, 1314
reversal, 118, 140, 142, 164, 245, 259, 273–274, 282,
417–418, 426, 480–481, 505, 588–589, 592, 657, 678, final judgment of the harlot and, 1324–1339,
712, 733, 739, 740, 751, 761, 766–767, 769, 772, 778, 1352–1353
853, 1138, 1185, 1225, 1304, 1314, 1557, 1708, 1747 first six trumpets and, 805–806, 815
revived Roman empire, 1048 harlot as, 111, 524, 1273–1274
reward, 28, 116, 152, 175, 200, 261, 431, 437, 635, 648, high priestly aristocracy and, 1095, 1099, 1109,
664, 721, 774, 827, 930, 965, 979, 981–985, 1132, 1176, 1122, 1216–1217, 1267, 1569
1272, 1274, 1412, 1429, 1471, 1541, 1559, 1569, 1581, imperial history of, 55–58
1588, 1614, 1654, 1733, 1742, 1744–1745, 1752 Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 20, 51,
rhetoric, 123, 139, 142, 144, 154, 156–157, 162–163, 166, 482, 634, 649–650, 662–663, 1040, 1075–1080,
169, 191, 196, 200, 216–217, 235, 241, 242, 247, 272– 1174, 1371
273, 281, 358, 359, 368, 397, 401, 410, 412, 415, 425, legions of, 56–58, 195, 485, 681, 740, 760–761,
434, 448, 503, 513, 515, 553, 568, 616, 638–639, 727, 770, 773, 808–809, 814, 816–819, 823, 827, 897–
768, 845, 892, 1135, 1276, 1314, 1397, 1491, 1519, 1534, 898, 907, 964, 987, 1040, 1060, 1096, 1225, 1239,
1570, 1636, 1657, 1687, 1695–1696, 1722, 1743, 1759 1273, 1354, 1356, 1361, 1371, 1502–1503
rhetorical irony, 139–142, 141–142t, 1185, 1225, 1314, Nero and, 1060
1722 pax Romana in, 619–620
Ribera, 95 population of, 27, 52, 56, 447, 663, 908, 968, 1067,
riders, 610–611, 615, 617–618, 713, 776, 804, 821 1078, 1428
right hand, 54, 188, 190, 266, 298, 313, 345–349, 351, revived Roman empire, 1048
361, 380, 390, 453, 466, 505–506, 541–543, 545, 550, seven hills of Rome in, 30, 32
578, 589, 591–592, 611, 613, 776, 856, 928, 963, 979,
1012, 1020, 1029, 1092, 1095, 1138, 1140, 1161, 1180, seven last plagues and, 1229
1447, 1488, 1582, 1675, 1744 siege warfare of, 71, 672, 815–816, 823–824, 827,
righteous, 6, 16, 38, 74, 113, 143, 147, 190, 199, 203, 205, 889, 1200, 1237, 1239
260, 308, 345, 416, 423, 431, 470, 473, 491, 498, 500, sovereignty of, 1057
511, 515, 519, 521, 525, 533, 544, 546, 555, 561, 580, standards of, 829, 1051, 1133, 1216
586, 590, 598, 613, 617, 634–638, 654, 666, 670, 687, synagogue of Satan and, 435
692, 701, 723, 726, 735, 745, 754, 766, 781–782, 785, twelve Caesars of, 1327
793, 839, 857, 985, 1161, 1193, 1203, 1225, 1231, 1278,
1308, 1472–1473, 1477, 1478, 1483–1488, 1564, 1606, visions of blessing and judgment and, 1173
1630, 1654, 1656, 1663, 1733–1734, 1742–1743 Roman History (Dio Cassius), 31
rivers, 155, 168, 189, 370, 529–530, 725, 750, 762–765, Root of David, 256, 476, 518, 530, 545, 579, 586, 849
771, 804, 807–809, 816, 828, 853, 856, 880, 990, 1036, Roxolani, 1060
1038–1039, 1057, 1161, 1186, 1195, 1200, 1202–1203, ruling and reigning, 11, 31–32, 262, 283, 292, 294, 319,
1222–1224, 1226, 1251, 1271, 1277, 1616, 1620, 1626, 326, 467, 518, 523, 536, 633, 682, 944, 992, 1014, 1025,
1627, 1652, 1668, 1679, 1697–1707, 1715, 1753 1043, 1052, 1056, 1072, 1106, 1146, 1180, 1213, 1216,
robbers, 69, 74, 146, 257, 556, 575, 652, 786, 789, 797, 1277, 1304, 1328, 1332–1333, 1335, 1337, 1341, 1347,
799, 836, 837, 839–841, 884, 891, 915, 1102, 1106, 1127, 1382, 1430, 1471, 1493, 1498, 1520, 1541, 1543–1544,
1163, 1199, 1207, 1211, 1293, 1374, 1376, 1389, 1414, 1546, 1549, 1550, 1557, 1562–1564, 1572, 1582, 1584–
1418, 1719 1585, 1590, 1603, 1670, 1698, 1744–1745
robes, 87, 188, 244, 273, 473, 484, 500, 647–648, 718,
723, 727–728, 730–731, 766, 930, 1101, 1151, 1231,
1296, 1299–1300, 1310, 1423, 1616, 1635, 1691, 1700, S
1717, 1721, 1733–1734, 1742, 1746–1747
rod of iron, 346, 375, 383, 386, 445, 465–466, 491, 949,
996, 1011, 1013, 1159, 1483, 1492–1493, 1497, 1527, 1569 Sabbath, 268, 307, 407, 409, 496, 707, 1105, 1447, 1675
role reversal, 417, 739 sackcloth, 265, 623, 665, 668, 673, 838, 919, 936
Roma (goddess), 365–367, 1062, 1317, 1325, 1435 sacramental, 334, 472, 694, 1302, 1340n103, 1561
Roman Empire. See also AD 70 sacrifices (for emperor), 770, 1052, 1053–1054, 1129–
1130, 1228
apocalypses and, 101
sacrificial system, 24, 49, 63, 65, 85, 207, 264, 298,
as Babylon, 100, 111, 1171–1172, 1258, 1309 299, 303, 485, 664, 849, 1091, 1128, 1156, 1427, 1738,
beast from the land and, 1096–1099 1744
beast from the sea and, 1048–1075 Sadducees, 63–64, 124, 266, 289, 408, 656–657, 714,
Christianity persecuted in, 20, 24, 26, 42, 51, 92, 729, 924, 1122, 1293, 1311, 1384, 1413
482, 616n5, 649–650, 662–663, 931, 1041, 1043– saints (heaven), 649, 687, 1026, 1033, 1070, 1462, 1471
1045, 1072, 1076, 1078–1079, 1142 salt, 470, 641, 758, 826, 1426
civil wars in, 24, 26, 31, 56–58, 99, 101, 351, 485, Samaritans, 59, 65, 67, 71, 82, 406, 596, 1107, 1111n22,
515, 620, 786, 906, 1053–1054, 1059, 1061–1062, 1599, 1626

Subject Index 1861
sanctions, 382, 550, 673, 909, 1193, 1565, 1751 visions of blessing and judgment and, 1154–1159,
sand, 370, 395, 700, 705, 808, 813, 816, 897, 1045, 1175
1047–1048, 1158, 1163, 1448, 1509, 1512, 1540, 1543, Satan’s ruin and final judgment. See also final judg-
1550, 1552, 1583, 1588, 1590, 1593, 1596, 1598 ment of the harlot
Sanhedrin, 54, 63, 84, 148, 263, 283–284, 286–287, AD 70 and, 1517–1518, 1527–1530, 1533, 1552,
305, 405, 455, 588, 652–653, 764, 767, 907, 926, 931, 1585, 1603
966, 979, 1030, 1081, 1096, 1097, 1104, 1111, 1115, 1118, angelic descent argument and, 1515, 1533–1537
1126, 1136, 1140, 1169, 1209, 1213, 1229, 1282, 1295, articular battle argument and, 1514
1299, 1311, 1363, 1382, 1387, 1401, 1452, 1488, 1504,
1670, 1685, 1744 beheading and, 1565–1568
Sardis binding of Satan and, 1544–1574
AD 70 and, 472–473 blessing of the martyrs and, 1585–1588
allusions and, 375 chronological alternative and, 1537–1543
Book of Life and, 472–474 cosmic destruction argument and, 1532–1537
call for repentance to, 472 deception of the nations argument and,
1513–1516
closing call and, 384
definite article argument and, 1523–1527
death image and, 469–470
destruction of the world argument and, 1515
ethical stipulations and, 382
dispensationalism and, 1544–1545, 1573,
historical survey of, 370–371, 468 1574–1579
inheritance provisions and, 383 dramatic considerations and, 1537–1538
Jesus and, 469 enthroned one and, 1602–1604
Jewish community in, 82, 470 Ezekiel correlation argument and, 1514, 1516–
legal sanctions and, 383 1521, 1522, 1538, 1592, 1596, 1596t, 1599–1600
opening address to, 380 final historical battle and, 1588–1607
oracle formatting and, 386 final judgment of the wicked and, 1602–1607
promises to, 473–474 final wrath of God argument and, 1514–1515
reputation of church in, 471 fire and, 1512
seven oracles and, 375–376, 468–474 forensic drama and, 1559
seven stars and, 469 functional considerations and, 1542–1543
sovereign’s identification and, 380 Gog and Magog and, 1590–1599
thief image and, 472 Har Megedon and, 1541–1542
Satan. See also synagogue of Satan Jesus and, 1548–1551, 1598, 1599–1602
Abaddon and, 800–801 Jewish War and, 1518
abyss and, 954, 1008, 1152, 1316, 1485, 1516, 1545– judged ones and, 1604–1607
1546, 1548–1549, 1553–1554, 1585, 1601 kings of the earth and, 1538, 1542, 1584
accusatory function of, 1030–1033 literalism and, 1544–1545, 1590
AD 70 and, 1029, 1032, 1036, 1546, 1552, 1555, metaphor and, 1573n73
1582, 1593
millennialism and, 1510–1511
as Adversary, 69, 274, 432, 434, 436, 739, 801,
905, 998, 1024, 1096, 1122, 1308, 1404, 1676 near-term expectations and, 1572
apocalypses and, 776–777, 802 Old Testament and, 1556, 1581, 1595
Apollyon as name for, 801–802 overview of, 1510–1513
beast from the land and, 1103, 1121–1125 parallelisms and, 1568
beast from the sea and, 1046, 1048–1049 premillennialism and, 1512–1513, 1553–1554,
1573, 1590
courtroom drama and, 1024, 1036
preterism and, 1528, 1531
deep things of, 382, 386, 396, 400, 460–463, 1755
prima facie considerations and, 1538–1542
as devil, 45, 79, 224, 235, 329
problems with the millennium and, 1574–1579
etymology of, 432
ramification and, 1537–1543
as evil ruler of great power in the fallen world,
801 recapitulation and, 1513–1537, 1540–1541
final judgment of the harlot and, 1338–1339, 1351 redemptive-historical excursus on, 1513–1543
final victory of the Lamb and, 1484–1485 release of Satan and, 1588–1589
first six trumpets and, 800–803 response to Robert Thomas and, 1577–1588
Hebraic character and, 801 resurrection and, 1556, 1580–1582, 1587
high priestly aristocracy and, 1031 rule of the martyrs and, 1559–1573
John’s use of Hebrew and, 78 sequentialism and, 1513, 1521, 1523
overcoming of, 1031–1032 serious problems and, 1574–1577
seven last plagues and, 1211–1212, 1234 similar language argument and, 1514, 1521–1523
sun-clothed woman and the red dragon and, souls and, 1567–1568
1006–1009, 1020–1041 suffering and, 1571–1572
symbolism and, 801 symbolism and, 1553–1555, 1559
throne of, 198n138, 374, 1209–1210 theme and, 1559–1560, 1569
thousand- year reign and, 1543–1588

1862 Subject Index
throne and, 1559–1564, 1602–1604 second advent, 48, 146, 295, 297, 300, 302–303, 442,
victory of Christ and, 1599–1602 464, 487, 1203, 1471, 1476, 1484–1485, 1487, 1493,
wrath conclusion argument and, 1527–1531 1508, 1515, 1517–1518, 1520, 1525, 1527, 1534, 1541,
1574, 1589, 1593, 1600, 1615, 1646, 1650, 1744, 1745,
scales, 141, 188, 622–623 1762
scarlet, 64, 187, 342, 1005, 1169, 1284–1285, 1291–1294, second coming, 43, 89, 103–104, 168, 300, 302, 394,
1296–1300, 1308–1309, 1317, 1412, 1415, 1421, 1423, 404, 466, 540, 1514, 1535–1537, 1575, 1738
1434, 1504, 1625
second death, 87, 244, 362, 383, 385, 427, 429, 437,
scepters, 468, 586, 593, 1012, 1497 458, 696, 1074, 1509, 1580, 1585, 1587, 1602, 1607,
scorpions, 187–188, 696, 775–776, 780, 782, 791–792, 1638, 1647, 1654, 1658, 1731, 1747
795, 799, 823 second temple. See Judaism (Second Temple)
scroll as divorce certificate, 553–582, 1637 second woe, 744, 821, 829, 842, 870, 971–972
sea beast. See beast from the sea seed of Abraham, 35, 142, 708, 720, 918, 1009, 1619
seal up, 98, 231, 237, 348, 548, 583, 844, 854–855, 857, seed of the woman, 997, 1009, 1012, 1017, 1049, 1549,
1019, 1337, 1611, 1617, 1733, 1742 1591
sealed 144,000 Seleucus I, 1108
AD 70 and, 711 Seleucus I Nicator, 369, 447–448
angels and, 689–693, 694, 698, 711 Semitic languages, 20–21, 77, 80, 129, 156, 1068, 1149,
bond-servants and, 692, 694–696, 711, 713 1430, 1743, 1763
Ezekiel and, 690–691, 695–696 Seneca, 33–34, 57, 78, 486, 671, 803
faithfulness of, 424–425 Sennacherib, 810, 1223
first six seals and, 612, 633 separation, 34–36, 67–70, 160, 212, 679, 862, 891, 904,
four living creatures and, 689 966, 1301, 1392, 1577, 1618, 1625, 1630, 1635, 1641,
heavenly multitude distinguished from, 719–721 1674, 1686, 1692, 1694, 1695, 1704, 1752
identity of, 700–703 Septuagint, 78, 128, 157, 277, 831, 918, 977, 1110, 1149
Jewish War and, 704 septuagintalisms, 157, 269, 514, 1149n67
as Jewish-Christian remnant of Israel, 704–715 seraphim, 528, 532, 535
Lamb and, 1139, 1154, 1156, 1160, 1163–1165, 1468, serpents, 188, 265, 718, 776, 792, 804, 814, 828, 948,
1534 997, 1009, 1012, 1016, 1021, 1023–1024, 1036, 1038–
negative evidence for Jewish-Christian remnant 1039, 1103, 1152, 1210, 1337, 1495, 1504–1505, 1509,
and, 709–712 1539, 1541, 1544, 1546, 1548, 1549, 1555
new covenant and, 523, 719 servants (bond-servants). See bond-servants
Old Testament and, 693–697, 706 servants (prophets as), 161, 163, 225, 514, 711, 744, 856,
860, 885, 905, 930, 952, 979, 984–985, 1273–1274,
positive evidence for Jewish-Christian remnant 1311, 1439, 1644, 1736, 1741
and, 705–709
seven bowls, 138, 164–165, 167, 168, 180, 188, 526, 544,
redemptive-historical excursus on, 704–715 610, 687, 752–753, 753t, 994, 1196, 1197, 1213, 1234–
structural evidence for Jewish-Christian rem- 1235, 1243, 1257, 1264, 1267, 1269, 1272, 1275, 1276,
nant and, 712–715 1283, 1345, 1396, 1525, 1528, 1531, 1661, 1678, 1715
vision of the sealing and, 688–699 fifth bowl and, 1209–1211
visions of blessing and judgment and, 1160–1166, first bowl and, 1198–1200
1182 fourth bowl and, 1205–1209
winds and, 690–691 second bowl and, 1200–1202
sealed book. See seven-sealed book seventh bowl and, 1234–1253
seals, 843, 852, 855, 870, 888, 990, 994, 1179, 1188, sixth bowl and, 1222–1234
1195–1196, 1212, 1234, 1344–1345, 1392, 1483, 1531,
1534. See also first six seals; seventh seal third bowl and, 1202–1204
seas. See also beast from the sea seven candlesticks, 155–156
abyss and, 953 seven churches, 107, 251–252, 271, 337, 345–346,
352–354, 943, 952, 974, 1050, 1138, 1148, 1150–1152,
apocalypses and, 1626 1178, 1231, 1324, 1325, 1329–1330, 1344, 1572, 1603,
blood sea, 753, 761 1618, 1630, 1652, 1690, 1701, 1708, 1734, 1740, 1747,
court scene and, 526–527 1751, 1755, 1757, 1763. See also Ephesus; Laodicea;
Dead Sea, 215–216, 435, 765, 801, 933, 1202– Pergamum; Philadelphia; Sardis; Smyrna; Thyatira
1203, 1206, 1430, 1435, 1699 seven hills of Rome, 30, 32, 1046, 1325, 1328, 1331
first six trumpets and, 761–762 seven horns, 529, 585, 590
glassy sea, 2, 523–524, 526, 1629 seven kings, 30–32, 38, 92, 190, 262, 910, 1006, 1047,
Isaiah and, 1627 1057, 1314, 1324–1339, 1342, 1345, 1346
little book and, 853–854 seven lamps, 190, 256, 340, 526, 590–591
molten sea, 527, 1629–1630 seven lampstands, 190, 339–343, 351–352
new creation and, 1628–1630 seven last plagues
Red Sea, 765, 817, 848n7, 1040, 1161, 1185, 1189– abyss and, 1195
1192, 1223, 1391–1392, 1435, 1630 AD 70 and, 1189, 1203, 1220–1221
Sea of Galilee, 1200, 1435 allusions and, 1199, 1212, 1224
seashore, 132, 166, 813, 1045–1047, 1509, 1536, 1540, angels and, 1193–1194
1589–1590, 1593, 1596, 1602 beast worship and, 1214–1217

Subject Index 1863
blasphemy and, 1208–1209, 1221 ecclesiastical influence and, 424–426

blood drink and, 1204–1205 elders and, 455–456, 461
command to pour out the bowls and, 1196–1198 Ephesus and, 364–367, 373
dispensationalism and, 1225 ethical stipulations and, 381–382
earthquakes and, 1239–1243 exposition of, 389–397
exodus and, 1197 First John and, 410–411
Ezekiel and, 1197 formatting of, 384–387
false prophet and, 1217, 1226 genre of oracles and, 356–357
fifth bowl and, 1209–1211 Gnosticism and, 461
fire and, 1189, 1207–1208 Gospels and, 400–401
first bowl and, 1198–1200 Hebraic character and, 388
fourth bowl and, 1205–1209 Hebrews and, 402–403
great city and, 1217–1218 heresies and, 398–426
heavenly preparation for, 1187–1195 historical prologue and, 380
high priestly aristocracy and, 1227–1228 historical survey of the seven cities and, 363–373
hyperbole and, 1239–1240 historicity of, 363–377
idolatry and, 1196–1197, 1231 Holy Spirit and, 107, 163, 364, 377, 385–390, 394,
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 1190 426–427, 468–469
Jewish temple as the throne of the beast and, idolatry and, 358, 424, 426
1211–1218 illustrative pattern of, 378–379
Jewish War and, 1204, 1220, 1225, 1229–1231, inheritance provisions and, 383
1243–1244 interconnection of, 360–363, 361–362t
kings of the earth and, 1226 Jerusalem and, 491
kings of the east and, 1225–1229 Jewish-Christian error and, 422–446
Lamb and, 1204–1205 Jewish-Christian focus and, evidence for,
land focus and, 1213–1214 400–421
lightning and, 1237–1238 Jezebel and, 398–399, 414, 416–423, 425–426,
nakedness and, 1231–1232 455, 458–461
Old Testament and, 1225, 1229–1230, 1237–1238 Johannine problem and, 405–411
preterism and, 1219 John’s gospel and, 405–410
redemptive-historical excursus on, 1211–1218 Judaism’s struggle against Christianity and,
Roman Empire and, 1229 400–405
Satan and, 1211–1212, 1234 Laodicea and, 372–373, 376, 492–506
sea battle and, 1200–1202 legal sanctions and, 382–383
second bowl and, 1200–1202 local context for, 413–414
seven bowls of wrath and, 1194–1211 Old Testament and, 356–357, 418, 460
seventh bowl and, 1234–1253 overview of, 356–357
signs and, 1228, 1236–1237 Paul’s pastoral letters and, 403–404
sixth bowl and, 1222–1234 Pergamum and, 368–369, 374–375, 437–444
symbolism and, 1210, 1224–1225 Philadelphia and, 371–372, 474–492
synagogue of Satan and, 1214, 1224, 1227 redemptive-historical excursus on, 398–426,
446–451
tabernacle of testimony and, 1193
Sardis and, 375–376, 468–474
theme and, 1197
significance of, 357–360
third bowl and, 1202–1204
Smyrna and, 367–368, 373–374, 428–437
thunder and, 1238–1239
Son of God title as evidence of Jewish rebuttal
trumpet recapitulation and, 1217 and, 446–451
wrath and, 1189, 1194 Son of Man and, 358–361, 389–391, 435, 502
seven letters, 17, 39–40, 144, 153–154, 153n112, 161–163, sovereign’s identification and, 380
251, 270, 335, 350, 356, 384, 396, 445
structure of, 378–389
seven mountains, 30, 32, 190, 910, 1006, 1046–1047,
1057, 1314, 1318, 1324–1336, 1664 survey of Jewish indicators and, 417–421
seven oracles synagogue of Satan and, 399–400, 417, 460
Acts and, 401–402 theological heresy and, 422–424
AD 70 and, 412 Thyatira and, 369–371, 375, 444–446
allusions and, 44, 373–377 tree of life and, 427–428
audit function and, 387–389 underlying revelational concern and, 411–413
Balaamites and, 396, 398, 414–417, 426 seven seals, 994, 1179, 1344–1345
circumcision and, 425 seven spirits, 19, 190, 200, 254–256, 259, 339, 380,
386, 468–469, 526, 542, 585, 590–591, 738
closing call and, 383–384
seven spirits of God, 1325, 1603
commissioning vision and, 358–361
seven stars, 188, 190, 337, 345, 349, 351–352, 359–361,
covenantal structure and, 379–384 380, 384, 386, 389–390, 468–469, 611, 775
defining images and, 414–421

1864 Subject Index
seven thunders, 92, 155, 854, 857 Old Testament and, 547–551, 554–555, 572, 590–
seven trumpet angels and seventh trumpet 591, 595–596
angelic declaration and heavenly worship and, overview of, 541–553
972–979 redemptive-historical excursus on, 553–582
ark of the covenant and, 988–989 revelation’s plot line and, 577–580
bond-servants and, 984–985 Sinai wedding and, 556–557
earthquake and, 989 symbolism and, 544
elders and, 977–981 tribulation and, 547
heavenly announcement of wrath and, 979–992 universal recognition and, 602–604
heavenly storm and, 988–992 seventh seal. See also first six seals
Jerusalem and, 975–976 altar of incense and, 742–745
kingdom and, 974–977 altars and, 738–745
new covenant and, 990–991 breaking of, 735–738
Old Testament and, 989 earthquake and, 510
preterism and, 971–972 Ezekiel and, 745
rewards and, 985–986 judgment and, 741–748
seventh trumpet and, 972–992 Lamb and, 612–614, 735, 738, 742
temple opening and, 988–992 lightning and, 510, 526
third woe announced and, 971–972 Old Testament and, 740
thunder and, 989 symbolism and, 743
seven trumpets, 739, 742, 750, 752–753. See also first thunder and, 526
six trumpets; seven trumpet angels and seventh trumpets anticipated and, 738–740
trumpet seventh trumpet, 510, 687, 738, 741, 747, 774. See also
seven-sealed book first six trumpets; seven trumpet angels and sev-
144,000 and, 576 enth trumpet
AD 70 and, 551–552, 575, 600 sexual immorality, 415–416, 425, 457, 458
allusions and, 549 sheep, 37, 62, 67, 82, 392, 400, 722, 733, 839, 924, 1081,
angels and, 542, 548, 592 1090, 1103, 1128, 1163, 1182, 1384, 1412, 1420, 1427,
Baptist’s preparation and, 569–570 1719
breaking of, 583–584, 593, 597 Shekinah, 522, 556, 1596, 1639, 1688
courtroom drama and, 543, 594 Shema, 1138–1139, 1144, 1160
covenantal divorce and, 563–568 Sheol, 568, 776, 801
covenantal marriage and, 554–562 Sibylline Oracles, 31, 622, 675, 882, 906, 1110, 1259,
1266, 1325, 1336, 1404
David and, 586–587
Sicarii, 64, 783, 787–788, 794, 1380
divorce certificate and, 551–582
siege warfare, 71, 672, 815–816, 823–824, 827, 889,
elders and, 563, 584–587, 589, 593–594, 601–603 1200, 1237, 1239
Ezekiel and, 542, 546–550, 555–562, 568, 583, signet rings, 693
592
signs, 74, 105, 173, 185, 192, 318, 333, 405, 407, 462,
flow of Revelation and, 577–580 574, 644, 657, 671, 676–677, 757, 799, 800, 838, 899,
forensic drama and, 554 910, 914, 987, 989, 994, 998, 1024, 1035, 1066, 1076,
four living creatures and, 593–594, 601, 603 1095, 1123–1125, 1133, 1155, 1157, 1160, 1175, 1187–1188,
grounds for divorce and, 580–581 1222, 1226, 1228, 1231, 1236–1237, 1244, 1246, 1329,
harlot and, 560–561, 580 1356, 1381, 1392, 1395, 1406, 1432, 1434, 1502–1506,
1554, 1588, 1618, 1669
heavenly adoration and, 601–602
Silas, 354, 389, 1122
silence, 19, 65, 92, 195, 511, 735–737, 739, 741, 749–750,
Hosea and, 577, 577t 841, 973, 1170, 1220, 1444, 1447, 1462, 1582
house expulsion and, 566–568 silver, 345, 693, 804, 819, 829, 833–835, 884, 1106,
Israel and, 558–562, 568–569, 571–573 1192, 1294, 1298–1299, 1358, 1412, 1418, 1421–1425,
Israel’s capital punishment and, 568–569 1431, 1435, 1675, 1712
Israel’s house and, 558–559 Simeon the Righteous, 62, 64, 483, 670
Israel’s house expulsion and, 571–573 Simon, 164, 240, 406, 439, 463, 624, 675, 756, 780,
Israel’s martial unfaithfulness and, 560–562 786, 788, 875, 1015, 1110, 1123, 1132, 1204, 1217, 1244–
judgment and, 545–546, 548, 558–559, 560–562, 1245, 1300, 1372, 1374, 1376, 1380, 1404, 1415, 1436
568–569, 573–577 Simon ben Giora, 685, 1429
Lamb and, 152, 198, 545–546, 548, 584–600 Sinai, 52, 202, 249, 334, 336, 521, 523, 556–557, 571,
lawyers and, 563–565 746–760, 778, 848, 895, 927, 989, 997, 1159, 1236,
1240, 1362, 1475, 1487, 1624, 1639
legal witnesses and, 563
singing, 87, 184, 196, 270, 345, 510, 523, 531–532, 535–
marriage feast and, 570–571
536, 542, 594, 596, 598, 602–603, 713, 727, 747, 803,
marriage imagery and, 554–556, 569 935, 954, 1038, 1135, 1160–1161, 1188–1189, 1190, 1191,
martial love and, 557 1442, 1447, 1452, 1462, 1466, 1468, 1522, 1527, 1669,
new song and, 593–601 1708
Sitz im Leben, 207, 515, 651, 929

Subject Index 1865
666 41, 187, 1143–1144t, 1143–1153 messianic title of, 449

slander, 79, 413, 431–432, 862, 1032, 1050, 1078, 1080, Old Testament and, 153, 338, 452
1088, 1096, 1122, 1488 right hand, sitting at, 266, 298, 313, 592, 963, 979,
slaves and slavery, 138, 375, 486, 546, 591, 635, 648– 1488, 1560
649, 654, 665, 682–683, 687, 694, 760, 827, 830, 841, seven lampshades and, 190, 340
913, 997, 1095, 1138, 1206, 1247, 1250, 1362, 1374, 1412, seven oracles and, 358–361, 389–391, 435, 502
1428–1430, 1446, 1499–1500, 1503, 1592, 1685
sign of, 149, 316
smoke, 187, 188, 333, 713, 735, 744, 746, 753, 763, 775,
778–779, 804, 822, 824–826, 1066, 1129, 1174, 1187, stars and, 360–361, 611
1195, 1196, 1219, 1221, 1408, 1412–1413, 1418, 1432, sword and, 438
1437–1438, 1461, 1466, 1470 visions of blessing and judgment and, 1166–1186
Smyrna voice of, 345, 514
allusions and, 373–374 Song of Moses, 81, 214, 596, 633, 747, 848, 859, 1187–
anti-Semitism charges and, 434 1194, 1205, 1253, 1442, 1527, 1640
blasphemy and, 432 sons of Israel, 29, 154, 213, 254, 280–381, 385, 414, 437,
closing call and, 383 440, 486, 523, 550, 576, 627, 637, 641, 643, 651, 689,
700–701, 705, 707–708, 711, 736, 755, 781, 799, 999,
ethical stipulations and, 381 1183, 1450, 1665, 1674, 1676, 1678, 1680, 1683, 1712,
historical survey of, 367–368, 429 1715–1716, 1722
inheritance provisions and, 383 sorcery, 367, 804, 837–839, 1441, 1453–1455, 1748
Jewish persecution of Christianity in, 431–433 souls, 45, 61, 70, 213, 234, 395, 436, 484, 497, 499, 557,
Jewish population of, 430–431 567, 579, 590, 632–635, 759, 780, 785, 789, 796, 818,
legal sanctions and, 382 826, 1135, 1177, 1197, 1246, 1301, 1369, 1373, 1380, 1419,
opening address to, 380 1428, 1439, 1465, 1493, 1509, 1558–1559, 1563–1565,
1567–1568, 1570–1571, 1574, 1577–1578, 1580–1583,
oracle formatting and, 385 1607
sovereign’s identification and, 380 source-criticism, 6, 8, 39, 131, 147, 148, 549, 716
synagogue of Satan in, 33, 37–38, 396, 432–436 sovereignty, 6, 90, 94, 221, 261–262, 294, 297, 380,
trade guilds in, 430 389, 429, 435, 467, 474–475, 480, 495, 515, 534–535,
Society of Biblical Literature, 182 546, 597, 604, 615, 630, 635, 647, 688, 694, 777, 780,
Sodom, 17, 78, 147, 155, 163–164, 191, 213, 265, 274, 282, 782, 811, 854, 858, 932, 1031, 1057, 1068, 1155, 1161,
289, 315, 363, 396, 413, 417, 418, 424, 460, 561, 564, 1179–1180, 1203, 1205, 1277, 1324, 1331, 1337–1338,
584, 639, 669, 701, 752, 758, 825–826, 830, 840, 883, 1477, 1494, 1606, 1618, 1651, 1691, 1746
887, 892, 894, 895, 911, 918, 924, 940, 948, 951, 955– specific genre, 182–185
958, 987, 1024, 1101, 1105, 1128, 1173, 1175, 1197, 1198, Spirit (Holy). See Holy Spirit
1214, 1219, 1224, 1260–1261, 1266, 1306, 1400–1402, spirit of prophecy, 82, 152, 423, 1470, 1482–1483,
1566, 1594, 1614, 1657, 1677, 1722 1491–1492
solecisms, 1570 spirits (seven), 190, 255–256, 380, 386, 468–469, 526,
solecism(s), 77, 254, 279 542, 585, 590–591, 1325, 1603
Solomon, 397, 420, 490, 501, 526–527, 571, 815, 829 Spirit-transport, 174, 511, 872, 1284, 1366n2, 1663–1664
Son of God, 405–408, 418–419, 425, 445–453, 456, spiritual kingdom, 326
463, 915, 1012, 1051, 1209, 1211, 1362, 1531, 1557, 1759 spoils, 794, 841, 1293, 1299, 1359, 1377, 1431–1432,
Son of Man 1450, 1503
angels and, 1166–1186 springs, 168, 277, 372, 376, 498, 528, 730, 732–733, 750,
clouds and, 846, 1177–1183 753, 764–765, 950, 1166, 1169, 1200, 1202–1203, 1646,
coming of, 54, 67, 74, 149, 167, 265, 295, 307, 315, 1675–1676, 1741
341, 401, 654, 916, 925, 945–946, 1033, 1517, stadia, 1185, 1616, 1680, 1738
1648, 1739, 1744 staff, 26, 466, 579, 586, 624, 753, 871–873, 955n115,
commissioning vision and, 340–348, 351 980, 1231, 1352, 1448, 1487, 1496, 1722
composition date and, 29 standards, 525, 648, 773, 829, 1051, 1060, 1133, 1193,
court scene and, 509, 515 1216, 1463, 1691
crown of, 793 stars
Daniel and, 846, 976, 1179 angels and, 352
eyes of, 174, 378, 591, 1488 apocalypses and, 190, 674
face of, 847 crown of, 999
feet of, 344, 452 falling of, 105, 150, 167, 188, 352, 666–667, 673–
first and last and, 348 674, 676, 763, 966
as high priest, 343, 452, 541 first six seals and, 666
Jesus as, 152, 308, 334, 341, 399, 445, 475, 506, first six trumpets and, 767–768, 775–779
578, 845, 928, 1028 Jesus and, 35, 187–188, 190, 351, 359, 380, 390,
judgment and, 54, 74, 298, 510 394, 468, 852
key of David and, 475–476 morning star, 87, 188–189, 261, 362, 383, 386,
420–421, 427, 445, 448, 467–468, 675, 692, 764,
kingdom and, 976 952, 1093, 1667, 1733, 1750–1751
Lamb and, 510, 591, 605 Old Testament and, 190, 674, 763
little book and, 846 seven stars, 188, 190, 337, 345, 349, 351–352, 359–
loud voice of, 1161 361, 380, 384, 386, 389–390, 468–469, 611, 775

1866 Subject Index
Son of Man and, 360–361, 611 suffering of apostles and, 1003–1004
sun-clothed woman and the red dragon and, symbolism and, 1006–1009, 1017, 1021
1004–1008 synagogue of Satan and, 1024, 1028
symbolism and, 118, 999–1002, 1007 war in heaven and, 1016–1025
starvation, 52, 617 wilderness and, 1014–1015, 1038
stated theme. See theme woman’s son and, 1010–1016
statues, 31, 69, 345, 538, 833, 1051, 1053, 1099, 1133, superscription
1136, 1197, 1216, 1289, 1432 alternative options and, 236
Stephen, 81, 84, 169, 204, 305–306, 309, 401, 423, angels and, 240–241
576n41, 636, 652, 656–660, 717, 836, 885, 888, 909,
911, 916, 922, 926–927, 930, 942, 1024, 1102, 1104, apocalypses and, 222–223, 242
1110, 1111–1122, 1199, 1215, 1756 apostles and, 239
stones, 28, 82, 167, 250, 266, 277, 304, 312, 317, 376, audience circumstances and, 237–238
378, 383, 385, 422, 438, 442–444, 452, 490, 516, 518, bond-servants and, 225, 241
526, 668, 678, 702, 755, 760, 764, 816, 824, 826, 829, commissioning and, 239–241
832–836 common objection and, 238–243
stoning, 65, 82, 402, 568, 576, 652–653, 655, 930, courtroom drama and, 242
1029, 1252, 1461, 1566
didactic placement and, 236–237
storms, 245, 679–680, 686, 688, 723, 748, 763, 827,
dispensationalism and, 240
966, 969, 1039, 1066, 1086, 1165, 1181, 1190, 1220,
1236–1237, 1241, 1543, 1625, 1634, 1655, 1683 divine inspiration and, 228
Strabo of Cappadocia, 32, 364, 489, 500–501, 778, events are always imminent interpretive option
1279–1280, 1386 and, 230–231
street, 78, 315, 646, 955, 1684, 1701–1702, 1705 events are certain interpretive option and,
231–232
strong angel, 201, 542, 582–583, 760, 843–864
events are inaugurated interpretive option and,
Suetonius, 31, 57, 504, 538, 601, 626n13, 803, 829,
232–233
1044–1045, 1051, 1052, 1062, 1072–1073, 1076, 1327,
1336 events will occur soon interpretive option and,
233–234
suicide, 25, 31, 38, 466, 504, 1059, 1064, 1126, 1290,
1502, 1536, 1678 events will unfold rapidly once they begin inter-
pretive option and, 229
Sulpicius Severus, 51, 902–903, 954, 1352
frequent appearance and, 237
summons, 230, 416, 500, 1391, 1400, 1618, 1758
interpretive options on temporal expectation
sun, 105, 142, 150, 167, 168, 188, 191, 256, 333, 337–338,
and, 227–234
346, 369, 512, 521, 572, 590, 607–608, 631, 665–669,
673–678, 688, 691–693, 730, 732–733, 750, 753–754, Jesus and, 222–224, 239, 242
763–764, 767–768, 772, 775, 778, 779, 799, 803, 807, John is speaking of God’s time interpretive
814–815, 819, 833–834 option and, 229–230
sun rising, 691–693 John speaks from the future interpretive option
sun-clothed woman and the red dragon and, 232
AD 70 and, 1021, 1031 John was ambiguous interpretive option and,
228
analysis of, 996–1016
John was mistaken interpretive option and,
church as, 1000–1001
227–228
crown of twelve stars and, 999, 1002
lexical meaning and, 234–235
dragon attacks woman and child and, 1036–1041
literary parallel and, 237
flood and, 1038–1039
nearness evidence and, 234–238
forensic imagery and, 1029–1030
Olivet Discourse and, 224
Good Friday-Easter complex and, 1011–1013
origin and, 223–224
heaven’s declaration of victory and, 1026–1036
overview of, 221–222
ideal form of, 1002
preterism and, 238–239
identity of red dragon, 1004–1010
prophetic contrast and, 237
identity of Sun-Clothed woman, 997–1004
purpose and, 224–226
Jesus and, 1017–1022
redemptive-historical excursus on, 227–239
Jewish Christians and, 1033–1034, 1039–1040
revelation is motivational interpretive option
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, and, 228–229
1037–1038
sent and communicated and, 239–241
Jewish War and, 1015, 1038–1040
symbolism and, 240
loud voice and, 1026
temporal expectation in revelation and, 227–238
Old Testament and, 1034, 1038–1041
title and, 222–223
overview of, 993–996
tone setting through, 224
preterism and, 1041
traditional consensus and, 235
redemptive-historical focus and, 1022–1025
varied expressions and, 235–236
saints and, 1007–1008
witness and, 241–243
Satan and, 1006–1009, 1020–1041
word of God and, 242–243
stars and, 1004–1009

Subject Index 1867
superstitious, 667, 1061, 1073, 1075, 1112, 1118, 1335, seven last plagues and, 1210, 1224–1225
1490 seventh seal and, 743
suprahistorical, 93, 592, 1504, 1512 stars and, 118, 999–1002, 1007
sweet, 743, 745, 766, 864–867, 1422, 1426, 1436 sun-clothed woman and the red dragon and,
swords, 57, 73, 97, 105, 141, 150, 174, 188–189, 195, 216, 1006–1009, 1017, 1021
265, 312, 317, 335, 337–338, 345–346, 374, 380, 382, superscription and, 240
385, 389, 401, 437, 438, 441, 442–442, 466, 485, 504, two witnesses and, 929, 935, 948–949, 962–966
571, 606, 615–616, 618–619, 621, 628–630, 632, 651,
677, 757, 761, 765, 774, 783, 793, 805, 822, 842, 858, symmetry, 196, 378, 594
890, 949, 959, 964, 990, 1042, 1059, 1063, 1067, 1069, synagogue of Satan
1081–1082, 1085–1087, 1095, 1097, 1186, 1200–1201, anti-Semitism charges and, 213, 434
1226, 1244, 1246, 1266, 1320–1321, 1336, 1359, 1369, Balaamites and, 399–400, 1755
1371–1374, 1405, 1407, 1409, 1465, 1483, 1485–1486, beast from the land and, 1101, 1122, 1140
1488, 1492, 1494–1497, 1499–1500, 1503–1505, 1507–
1508, 1514, 1519, 1537–1538, 1564–1565, 1600–1601, blasphemy and, 1096
1636, 1670, 1720, 1746 composition date and, 29, 33–36
symbolism dramatic irony and, 1172, 1722
abyss and, 187 etymology of, 435–436
AD 70 and, 1021, 1517, 1531 fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1369, 1396
altars and, 875, 1128, 1577 final judgment of the harlot and, 1307
angels and, 32 first six trumpets and, 781
apocalypses and, 255, 351, 672, 675, 748, 786, 810 forensic drama and, 1189
Babylon and, 675 Hebraic character and, 154
Balaamites and, 426 high priestly aristocracy and, 435
beast from the land and, 1100, 1107 Jesus and, 36, 154, 432–434, 911, 1032, 1569, 1692
beast from the sea and, 1046–1050, 1058, 1146 Jezebel and, 399–400
bond-servants and, 691 Johannine authorship and, 17
commissioning vision and, 349, 351 kings of the earth and, 289
court scene and, 529 new Jerusalem and, 1631, 1657, 1677
Daniel and, 857, 1006, 1329, 1705 Nicolaitans and, 399–400
David and, 188 Qumran and, 36
dispensationalism and, 185, 252 Roman Empire and, 435
Egypt and, 190, 675, 948, 1050 seven last plagues and, 1214, 1224, 1227
elders and, 522 seven oracles and, 399–400, 417, 460
examples of, 186–189 sun-clothed woman and the red dragon and,
eyes and, 188 1024, 1028
Ezekiel and, 29, 242 synagogue system and, 1101, 1109, 1211, 1266
final judgment of the harlot and, 1330 theme and, 315
first six seals and, 610–611, 671–672, 675–676 visions of blessing and judgment and, 1169
first six trumpets and, 782 wrath and, 1189
futurism and, 252 synchronously, 1534, 1730
greeting and theme and, 251–252 Synoptic discourse, 609
harlot and, 112, 189–190 Synoptic Gospels, 145, 148, 150, 267, 315–316, 609,
1013
syntax, 20–21, 135, 156, 269, 351, 535, 1149, 1333, 1507,
high priestly aristocracy and, 1092 1630
Holy Spirit and, 1633 Syria, 58, 82, 365, 448, 698, 762, 808–810, 815, 906,
idolatry and, 830–831 1015, 1050, 1148, 1150, 1223, 1225, 1233, 1247–1248,
Jezebel and, 426, 455 1279–1280, 1293, 1299, 1352–1353, 1359, 1422, 1427,
literalism and, 185–191 1431
literary genre and, 189–190 Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch, 61
locusts and, 1612
measured temple and, 874–875, 887–892, 896–
897, 915 T
new covenant and, 1635, 1690
new creation and, 1628, 1632 tabernacle, 58, 64–66, 80, 102, 116, 155, 184, 190, 193,
new heaven and new earth and, 1705 279, 339, 345, 379, 452, 490, 510, 525, 527, 556, 558,
new Jerusalem bride and, 1683–1684, 1690 576, 722, 724, 730, 731, 766, 805, 834, 835, 886, 894,
896, 912, 937, 988, 991, 1002, 1034, 1067, 1069–1070,
overview of, 185–191 1113–1117, 1130, 1131n42, 1187–1188, 1193, 1206, 1253,
preterism and, 117–118 1291–1292, 1294, 1297, 1298, 1300, 1421–1424, 1426,
Satan and, 801 1439, 1484, 1527, 1552, 1596–1597, 1615, 1625, 1629–
Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1553–1555, 1630, 1638–1641, 1665–1666, 1683–1686, 1689, 1708,
1559 1709, 1715
seven, symbolic meaning of, 187–190, 251–252, Tacitus, 33, 57, 485, 504, 624, 681, 748, 814, 827, 877,
544, 1331

1868 Subject Index
891, 1053, 1055, 1057, 1059, 1060, 1074, 1079, 1246, second temple, 937, 969, 988, 1116, 1169, 1172,
1334, 1336, 1354, 1387, 1434, 1502–1503 1309, 1407, 1425, 1454, 1484
talent, 625, 755, 826, 1024, 1098, 1238, 1253, 1298, seven last plagues and, 1211–1218
1426, 1431, 1450 seven trumpet angels and seventh trumpet and,
Talmud, 61, 420, 557, 623–624, 653, 661, 876, 901, 1097, 988–992
1105, 1108, 1138, 1140, 1278, 1303, 1375, 1387–1389, Solomon’s temple, 1297–1298, 1425, 1671
1407, 1413, 1425–1426, 1430, 1436, 1451, 1454, 1561 spiritual temple, 489–490, 894, 895n34, 938, 1110
Tanakh, 214, 217, 268 taxes of, 59, 63, 83, 482, 498, 537, 717, 773, 876,
Targum (Targumic), 138, 349, 421, 557, 606, 1117, 1262, 926, 1104, 1126, 1131, 1274, 1280, 1422
1268, 1375, 1379, 1404 temple abuse, 1101, 1104–1109
taxes, 59, 63, 83, 482, 498, 537, 717, 773, 876, 926, 1066, temple complex, 874, 878, 888, 891–892
1098, 1104, 1126, 1131, 1141, 1213, 1274, 1280, 1290,
1388, 1422 visionary temple, 29, 1666, 1671, 1678
tears, 94, 504, 734, 797, 841, 843, 945, 1413–1414, 1629, wealth and offerings of, 29, 59, 74, 83, 192, 215,
1643–1644, 1646 369–370, 397, 482, 552, 627, 742, 834, 877, 893,
904–905, 926, 1102, 1105, 1119, 1128–1129, 1131–
teknophagia, 1204, 1221 1133, 1280, 1292, 1300, 1387, 1390, 1418, 1426,
temple. See also AD 70; Judaism (Second Temple); 1434, 1437, 1450
measured temple temple destruction. See AD 70
altar of, 27, 29, 80, 155, 193, 270, 339, 590, 633– temple of Herod, 27, 69, 876, 889, 1104, 1388
634, 737, 835, 874–875, 888, 893–895, 1128, 1130
temporal expectation, 46–47, 227–238, 305
angels and, 29, 339
ten, 45, 139, 188–190, 223, 262, 277–278, 282, 290, 381,
beast from the land and, 1101, 1104–1121, 1130, 385, 428, 436, 591, 595–596, 611, 624–625, 701, 752,
1133–1134 812, 820, 841–842, 1006, 1050, 1346
burning of, 950 Ten Commandments, 16, 60, 243, 557, 562, 701, 989,
centrality of, 899–900 1089, 1193, 1208, 1259, 1758
ceremonial cleansing of, 1106 ten kings, 1050, 1224, 1314, 1336, 1343–1350, 1361
cleansing of, 575, 913–914, 926, 1106–1107, 1126, tent, 558, 562, 731–732, 848, 859, 1070, 1639
1199, 1302, 1340, 1418, 1453, 1477, 1518, 1552, Tertullian of Carthage, 10, 18, 299, 399, 433, 550n7,
1604, 1630, 1700, 1722, 1726 1051, 1073, 1075–1076, 1085, 1325, 1458, 1511, 1571
commissioning vision and, 339 testament. See Old Testament
composition date and, 27–30, 33–38 testimony, 16, 25, 42, 45, 53, 82, 84, 121, 143, 152, 155,
cosmic temple, 670 199–200, 202, 204, 222, 241–243, 259, 301, 308, 320,
eternal temple and, 1110 325, 328–329, 347, 354, 357, 377, 401, 423, 436, 443,
Ezekiel and, 29, 140, 522, 558, 871–872, 895 497, 525, 577, 579, 610, 632, 634, 647, 649, 654, 665,
fame and magnificence of, 27, 833–835, 876–877, 722, 745, 871, 882, 888, 922–928, 934–935, 937, 945–
882, 904, 977, 1296, 1360, 1403, 1425, 1449–1450 946, 951–952, 954, 958–959, 963, 995, 1026, 1031,
1033–1034, 1036, 1040, 1046, 1104, 1107, 1112–1114,
first century temple, 30, 216, 861, 886, 890, 1117, 1117, 1135, 1156, 1166, 1176, 1187, 1188, 1192–1193, 1253,
1119, 1131, 1262, 1283, 1388, 1447, 1471, 1641 1262, 1290, 1299, 1309, 1328, 1397, 1470, 1478, 1482–
first six trumpets and, 834–835 1484, 1491–1493, 1509, 1527, 1531, 1547, 1559, 1562,
heavenly temple, 202, 343, 476, 489–490, 510, 1565, 1567–1568, 1571, 1650, 1654–1655, 1657, 1739,
527, 549n5, 580, 582, 605, 731, 835, 875, 879, 1751, 1754, 1756, 1760–1762
886, 888, 931, 988, 990, 1184, 1193–1195, 1197, tetrarch, 283, 1349
1199, 1212–1213, 1235, 1267, 1276, 1291, 1297, textual-critical, 360
1300, 1302, 1361, 1462, 1468, 1471–1472, 1484,
1552, 1687 Textus Receptus, 290, 769
idolatry and, 213, 305, 396, 416–417, 560–561, theme. See also greeting and theme
832, 836, 1102, 1109–1119, 1134, 1140, 1163, 1222 AD 70 and, 48, 54, 299
imperial temple, 192, 366 allusions and, 295–296
importance of, 59, 193, 490, 670, 836, 876, 899– Alpha and Omega and, 321–322
900, 902, 905–906, 1104 amen and, 299–300
inner court of, 572, 587, 737 anticipation of, 297
inner temple, 874, 888–889, 890–891, 893, 918, apocalypses and, 302–303
969, 992, 1001, 1182, 1197, 1425, 1665 beast from the sea and, 1044
Isaiah and, 1109–1110, 1113–1114, 1117, 1302 common objection answered and, 49–50
Jewish temple as the throne of the beast and, confirmation and, 320–322
1211–1218 final judgment of the harlot and, 1320
kings of the earth and, 270 final testimonies and admonition and, 1733–1734
measuring of, 27–29, 150, 270, 317, 579, 697 following context of, 301–302
new covenant and, 596–597, 849, 990–991, 1104, forensic drama and, 204
1444
gē and, 309–310
new creation and, 1640–1641
harlot of Babylon and the beast and, 1264
outer court of, 193, 874, 885, 889, 891–893, 895,
909, 911, 915, 1001 Jerusalem and, 49–52
as pagan idol and, 1109–1119 Jesus and, 54–55, 298–315
privilegia judaica and, 1131 Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 53–54
Jewish presence and, 52–53

Subject Index 1869
Jewish War and, 318–319 great white throne, 1560, 1602–1605

judgment and, 48–49, 304–315 Holy Spirit and, 200–201, 257, 259, 1064, 1615
measured temple and, 909–910 Jesus and, 65, 298, 496, 503, 505, 553, 591–593
new Jerusalem bride and, 1695 kings of the earth and, 254
objections and, 312–315 Lamb and, 84, 152, 253, 310, 333, 502, 517, 519,
Old Testament and, 295–296, 315 605, 720, 725–728, 733–734, 1020, 1131–1132,
Olivet Discourse and, 315–316, 887 1699–1700, 1723–1724
overview of, 48–55, 294–300 little book and, 846
particular parallel in the gospels and, 315–322, of Messiah, 1004, 1590
316t of Satan, 1209–1210
preceding context of, 301 Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1559–1564,
preterism and, 49 1602–1604
prior teaching on subject of, 303–304 throne room, 1205, 1286
redemptive-historical excursus on, 300–322 throne of Satan, 198n138, 374
Satan’s ruin and final judgment and, 1559–1560, throne of the beast, 168
1569 throne-room, 126, 512, 523, 527
seven last plagues and, 1197 thunder, 15, 92, 155, 166–167, 174, 187, 194, 202, 236,
specific cause of judgment and, 304–309 243, 247, 303, 510, 524–526, 542, 585, 613–614, 679–
680, 735–736, 738, 744, 746–748, 753, 793, 840
specific interpretation stated and, 48–49
Thyatira
synagogue of Satan and, 315
allusions and, 375
those who pierced him and, 300–322
bronze feet and, 453
tribes and, 310–312
as central and largest oracle, 418, 445
two witnesses and, 923, 937, 941
closing call and, 384
ultimate focus on judgment and, 309–315
death and, 458
theocracy, 68, 285
deep things known and, 462
theodicy, 1463
ethical stipulations and, 382
Theodosius, 92, 1157
false prophetess in, 416
theology, 9, 61, 94, 120, 166–167, 196, 200, 206–207,
209, 211–212, 277, 426, 449, 493–494, 539, 547, 581, historical survey of, 369–370
584, 664, 676, 701, 744, 974, 1006, 1012, 1017, 1019, idolatry and, 456
1071, 1114, 1117, 1287, 1331, 1542, 1666, 1674, 1707, 1759 inheritance provisions and, 383
theophany, 167, 174, 334, 336, 342, 614, 738, 747, 748, irony and, 457
778, 989, 1236–1237, 1241 Jewish community in, 447
Theophilus of Antioch, 10 Jezebel and, 425, 455–457
theriomorphic, 791, 795, 1046, 1087 legal sanctions and, 382
Theudas, 51, 81 morning star and, 467
thief, 375, 383, 386, 468, 472, 1163, 1222, 1230, 1719, Nicolaitanism and, 456, 460
1722 opening address to, 380
third woe, 171, 774, 970, 971–972, 991 oracle formatting and, 385–386
Thomas, 14, 108 seven oracles and, 369–371, 375, 444–446
those who pierced him, 300–322 sexual immorality and, 458
throne shepherds and, 465–466
allusions and, 1678 Son of God and, 445–451
of the beast, 1209–1218, 1267, 1369, 1698 sovereign’s identification and, 380
court scene and, 516–524 synagogue of Satan and, 461–465
Daniel and, 203, 524, 1559, 1561–1562, 1603 Tiberius, 31, 40, 367, 491, 639, 1250, 1278, 1296, 1327,
dispensationalism and, 1562 1341, 1433
dramatic form and, 200–201 times of the Gentiles, 28, 69, 150–151, 312, 317, 774,
elders and, 977–979, 1485, 1563–1564 881, 890, 1405
enthronement, 65, 298, 496, 503, 505, 553, 591– Tiridates I, 1053
593, 975, 1004, 1168, 1179, 1285, 1559, 1569 Titus
Ezekiel and, 203, 514, 516–517, 524–526, 592, 846 Arch of, 339, 937–938, 988, 1450, 1708
fall of Babylon the harlot and, 1467–1469 burning ordered by, 757
first six trumpets and, 772 celebration parade of, 155
forensic drama and, 1017, 1464, 1603 deliberation over destroying temple of, 969
of God, 84, 152, 174, 192, 197–198, 201–203, 226, golden menorah and, 155, 339
242, 253–254, 257, 259, 310, 333, 502, 510–515, Jews chastised by, 57, 1061–1062
516–525, 527, 529, 532, 540, 544–546, 578,
582–583, 587, 591–592, 597, 603, 605, 612–614, motivations for destruction of temple of, 954
689, 720, 723, 725–728, 733–734, 738, 742, 744, preparation for siege by, 819
747, 769, 772, 793, 805, 846, 977–979, 1017, reaction to horror of siege by, 1175–1176
1020, 1064, 1131–1132, 1464, 1485, 1559, 1561– as religious reformer, 51, 64, 901
1562, 1563–1564, 1603, 1615, 1678, 1699–1700, temple destruction under, 901, 954
1723–1724

1870 Subject Index
temple system removed by, 69 696, 721, 723, 727–731, 733–734, 782, 847, 856–857,
victory speech of, 620, 789–790, 796, 802, 970 873, 882, 896, 921, 935, 1003, 1014, 1032, 1071–1072,
war council of, 51 1156, 1164, 1176, 1241, 1340, 1381, 1487, 1517, 1532,
1541, 1543, 1559, 1572, 1574–1576, 1603, 1646, 1648,
tombs, 51, 75, 108, 470, 630, 892, 951, 958, 959–960, 1653, 1655, 1687, 1754
1003, 1102, 1554
tribute, 527, 1100, 1142, 1349, 1417, 1629, 1692
tongues, 75, 188, 280, 294, 333–334, 596, 668–669,
707, 714, 718, 720, 864–865, 868, 951, 958–960, 970, Trinity, 210, 253–254, 692–693, 859, 1018, 1046, 1087,
996, 1022–1023, 1035, 1042, 1064, 1066–1067, 1074, 1094, 1103, 1501, 1518, 1573n73, 1604, 1638, 1700
1149, 1165–1166, 1168, 1209, 1220, 1230, 1277, 1281, triumph, 48, 53, 58, 173, 443, 473, 521, 604, 633, 650,
1303, 1350, 1353, 1379, 1496, 1533–1543, 1669, 1676, 760, 898, 903, 931, 937, 965, 977–978, 988, 1035, 1078,
1708 1160, 1187, 1201, 1323, 1431, 1438, 1450, 1461–1462,
tongues-speaking, 75, 333, 960 1484, 1493, 1520, 1558, 1569, 1582, 1587, 1593, 1610,
1611, 1735
Torah, 60–61, 64, 217, 268, 277, 409, 418, 462, 483, 557,
670, 900, 940–941, 961, 1093, 1104, 1127, 1171, 1475, true Jews, 35, 85, 154, 270, 407–408, 423, 480, 527,
1578, 1626, 1652 585, 639, 697, 706, 715
torment, 54, 81, 259, 349, 532, 588, 625, 629, 645, true witness, 201, 340, 928, 1276, 1464, 1467, 1488,
696, 731, 744, 775, 778, 780–782, 785–787, 789, 790, 1541, 1736
795, 797–799, 806, 825, 828, 841, 929–930, 953, 995, trumpets. See first six trumpets; seven trumpet
1003, 1011, 1085–1086, 1174–1175, 1195, 1206, 1217, angels and seventh trumpet; seventh trumpet
1273, 1390, 1403, 1405, 1412, 1414, 1432, 1433, 1466, Trypho the Jew, 38, 62, 110, 411, 433, 1141–1142,
1600, 1643, 1748 1632n13
torture, 3, 216, 313, 632, 785, 795, 1054, 1072, 1075, turban, 285, 342, 1268, 1303
1221, 1375, 1643 Turkey, 327, 367–372
Tosefta, 216, 931, 1098, 1108, 1141, 1298, 1384, 1387– twelve apostles, 18–19, 40, 49–52, 67, 74, 84, 86, 108,
1390, 1413, 1430 112, 145, 151, 239, 287–289, 320, 354, 381, 391–392,
trade, 369–372, 375, 430, 497, 501, 577, 762, 827, 1141, 395, 424, 433, 462, 480, 487, 505, 517, 522, 636, 656–
1282, 1382, 1385–1386, 1389–1390, 1417, 1419–1420, 658, 698, 701–702, 706, 712, 760, 999, 1001, 1439,
1423–1424, 1429, 1435–1436, 1438, 1448, 1453, 1460, 1665, 1676–1677, 1683
1658 twelve tribes, 38, 74, 78, 84–85, 154, 221, 280–281,
trade guilds, 369, 430, 497 298, 310–317, 448, 466, 503, 524, 548, 578, 582,
tradition (oral), 144, 147–149, 609, 1208 630, 667, 683, 689, 701–703, 705, 707–720, 766–767,
Trajan, 39, 42, 1089, 1331, 1343 775, 879, 894, 978, 999, 1001, 1139, 1148, 1156, 1160,
1163–1164, 1168, 1496, 1560, 1596, 1641, 1648, 1665,
trampling, 28, 150–151, 169, 317, 345, 397, 452, 453, 1674–1677, 1683
470, 579, 644, 671, 697, 749, 763, 774, 815, 824, 828,
874, 879, 880, 881, 886, 890, 930, 932, 935–936, 955, twenty-four elders. See elders
980, 1047, 1069, 1268, 1405, 1447, 1452, 1465, 1494, two interludes. See heavenly multitude; sealed
1496, 1531, 1678, 1759 144,000
trance, 330 two prophets, 78, 188, 297, 424, 580, 645–646, 650,
transcendence, 240, 527, 532 696, 720, 781, 848, 850, 868, 883, 885, 922–924, 930–
932, 936, 940, 947, 950–952, 954–955, 960, 964–965,
transfiguration, 145, 346, 847, 883, 940 967, 990, 995, 1003, 1123, 1155, 1271, 1400, 1495, 1566,
transformation, 63, 66, 138–139, 714, 858, 1623, 1650, 1584, 1602, 1684, 1742
1697 two witnesses
treasury, 834, 1358, 1386–1387, 1414, 1417, 1434, 1448, AD 70 and, 929–931, 947–950
1502
apparent defeat of, 951–961
tree of life, 87, 155, 182, 244, 362, 373, 383, 385, 389,
427–428, 529, 1074, 1572, 1617, 1670, 1697–1709, 1713, beast and, 952–953
1717, 1720–1723, 1733–1734, 1742, 1747, 1750, 1756– casualties in Jerusalem and, 958–959, 967–968
1757, 1759 Christianity and, 943–947
trees, 73, 141, 264, 277, 627, 628, 688, 691, 694–695, Daniel and, 935
745, 750, 753, 755, 757, 780, 781, 910, 919, 937–939, difficulty of section on, 919–920
948, 1094, 1135, 1244, 1252, 1356, 1358, 1405–1406, dispensationalism and, 921
1620, 1652, 1698, 1701–1707, 1719
earthquake and, 966–967
trial (Jesus’), 84, 150, 284, 286, 296, 305, 307, 401,
436–437, 449, 451, 517–518, 893, 929, 978, 986, 1003, Ezekiel and, 962
1031, 1034, 1076, 1097, 1101, 1104, 1111, 1118, 1120, final victory of, 961–970
1122, 1282, 1295, 1299, 1302, 1306, 1380, 1756 fire and, 948–949
tribes historical identity of, 941–961
of Israel, 38, 74, 78, 84–85, 154, 221, 280–281, 298, as incarnation of witness Church renders to
310–317, 448, 466, 503, 524, 548, 578, 582, 630, Jesus, 929, 964
667, 683, 689, 701–703, 705, 707–720, 766–767, ironic reversal and, 957
775, 978, 999, 1001, 1139, 1157, 1160, 1163, 1168, Israel’s judgment and, 937
1560, 1648, 1683
Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 927,
of nations, 48, 75, 149, 237, 270, 294–296, 298, 953–954
309–317, 603, 707–711, 868
Jewish War and, 953–954, 959–960
tribulations, 33, 37, 42, 45, 87, 227, 237, 244, 253, 293,
judgment and, 923–926
296, 301, 317, 325–329, 332, 337, 353, 355, 358, 381–
382–386, 413, 428–430, 432, 435–436, 445, 451, 457– Lamb and, 952, 954
458, 484–485, 488, 503, 509, 516, 547, 665, 667, 687, lampstands and, 937–939, 948

Subject Index 1871
Moses and Elijah as models for, 930–934, 939– emperorship of, 1059
942, 964–965 ending of Jewish War by, 1336
Old Testament and, 921–922, 937–938, 945, Josephus befriended by, 71–72
956–958 military strategy of, 681, 698, 816, 818, 897, 1207,
olive trees and, 939, 948 1250–1252, 1372, 1393
overview of, 919–922 revival of empire under, 1342–1343
plagues and, 951 taking of all of Judaea by, 63
preterism and, 941–944, 954 temple’s importance to, 877
proleptic anticipation and, 952 victory and, 155, 827–828, 937, 988
prophetic function of, 922–941 white horse as symbol of, 616, 793
providence and, 952 vestments, 62, 64–65, 343, 678, 764, 1098, 1124, 1214,
sackcloth and, 936 1292, 1299, 1307, 1358, 1414, 1418, 1420, 1422–1423,
Stephen and, 922, 926, 942 1434
symbolism and, 929, 935, 948–949, 962–966 vials, 166, 169, 365, 510, 551, 605, 611, 749, 870, 1350,
theme and, 923, 937, 941 1407, 1415, 1422, 1483–1484
two-age structure, 976n7 Victoria Navalis, 1201
two-edged sword, 337, 346, 361, 374, 380, 385, 437– Victorinus, 98, 107, 110–111, 150, 164–165, 328, 364,
438, 765 529
Tyconius, 1058 Virgil, 1057, 1316, 1325, 1570
typology, 81, 596, 895 virgins, 2, 205, 576, 701, 1153, 1162–1164, 1367, 1487,
1497
tyrants, 662, 788, 1055, 1072, 1075, 1374
virtues, 268, 286, 326, 391, 393–394, 453–454, 497,
Tyre, 12, 147, 265, 315, 426, 518, 536, 584, 752, 838, 1246, 1503
1248, 1261–1262, 1378–1379, 1419–1420, 1436, 1443,
1446 visions. See commissioning vision
visions of blessing and judgment
allusions and, 1156–1157
U angelic messages and Son of Man and, 1166–1186
best from the land and, 1157–1158, 1157–1158t
uncircumcised, 204, 271, 496, 558, 636, 1112–1113, fifth angel and the vintage and, 1184–1186
1118–1200, 1630, 1716, 1719, 1721 first angel and the gospel and, 1166–1171
unclean, 190, 328, 565, 781, 785–786, 926, 1199, 1202, fourth angel and the harvest and, 1180–1183
1226–1228, 1267, 1370, 1375–1376, 1695–1696, 1715– Jesus and, 1177–1179, 1182
1717, 1722 Jewish persecution of Christianity and, 1155–1156
universalization, 115, 118, 282, 299, 853, 868, 1013, Lamb and, 1154–1166
1515, 1618, 1642, 1676, 1691, 1693 Mount Zion and, 1156–1158, 1182
universe collapse, 105, 671, 1515, 1518, 1525, 1532– Old Testament and, 1159, 1169
1533–1532–1534, 1605, 1623, 1625, 1629, 1650
144,000 and, 1160–1166, 1182
unleavened bread, 83, 630, 783, 802, 827, 968n135,
1373, 1410 overview, 1154–1155
unrepentant, 49, 178, 441, 828, 1307, 1458 perseverance and, 1176
Urim and Thummim, 1105 Roman Empire and, 1173
Satan and, 1154–1159, 1175
second angel and Babylon and, 1171–1174
V son of man on the cloud and, 1177–1183
synagogue of Satan and, 1169
third angel and beast worshipers and, 1174–1177
Valerius, 1098, 1215
Vitellius, 319, 504, 1059, 1336
veil, 1, 64, 188, 222, 305, 422, 430, 527, 588, 678–679,
745, 764, 847, 862, 892, 920, 989, 1130, 1169, 1197, voice, 45, 235, 301, 325, 336, 461, 542, 583, 595, 601,
1298–1299, 1415, 1421, 1617, 1625, 1629, 1635, 1639n18, 623, 632, 634, 644, 688, 694, 719, 725–726, 769, 771–
1644–1645, 1686, 1686n19 774, 844, 854–855, 868, 928, 930, 961, 964, 994, 998,
1021, 1026, 1028, 1166, 1168, 1174, 1180, 1184, 1196,
Vespasian
1213, 1234, 1235, 1264, 1457, 1461–1462, 1499, 1638
acceding of imperial authority of, 57–, 817, 1065,
vultures, 769, 771, 856, 1499, 1508
1343
appointment of, 897–898, 1015, 1062
as beast from the land, 1089–1090 W
beginning of Jewish War and, 897–898
burning by, 676, 756
candelabra and, 1450 wake, 353, 375, 382–383, 468, 470, 472, 501, 506, 779,
857, 1018–1019, 1222, 1230–1231, 1630, 1725
Christianity under, 1073, 1343
war. See Jewish War
civil wars and, 621, 786, 1411
warning, 44, 47, 58, 67, 70, 85, 105, 106, 116, 134–135,
coin minted by, 1062, 1201, 1316–1317, 1325, 1413 147, 150, 169, 181, 214, 230, 234, 244, 248, 265–266,
commissioning of, 26–27, 106, 808 271, 280, 302, 311, 352, 357, 363, 375, 379, 388, 390,
emperor cult checked by, 1054 392, 401, 403, 412, 417, 418, 422, 424, 426, 441–442,
451, 455, 467, 470, 473, 477, 497, 523, 537, 551, 563,

1872 Subject Index
575, 611, 619, 624, 645, 653–654, 663, 664, 697, 718, commissioning vision, 329
740, 771, 778, 785, 813, 815, 830, 838, 890–891, 908, dramatic form and, 200–202
910, 913, 924, 936, 943–944, 949, 970, 994, 1033, faithful witness, 201, 241, 256–259, 292n18, 327,
1078, 1082, 1090, 1209, 1231, 1252, 1329, 1352, 1369, 423, 439–440, 464, 475, 480, 494, 578, 613
1392, 1393, 1428, 1433, 1440, 1443, 1483, 1495, 1512,
1528, 1533, 1537, 1593, 1618, 1654–1655, 1658, 1661, false witnesses, 74, 258, 305, 497, 581, 655, 657,
1696, 1734, 1741, 1754–1760 836
washing, 66, 188, 290, 500, 1579, 1616, 1630, 1656, forensic drama and, 257, 329, 440, 497
1700, 1734, 1746–1747 greeting and theme and, 292
water of life, 16, 87, 466, 473, 725, 730, 732–733, 765, Jesus and, 201, 241, 256–259, 292, 325, 327, 423,
955, 1271, 1615–1616, 1627, 1638, 1646, 1651, 1684, 439–440, 464, 475, 480, 494, 578, 613
1690, 1693, 1697, 1698–1702, 1704, 1707, 1715, 1723, kings of the earth and, 257
1733, 1750, 1752–1753 malicious witnesses, 198, 636
waters, 16, 87, 112, 187, 189, 190, 195, 275, 277, 337–338, seven-sealed book and, 563
345, 372, 376, 466, 473, 498, 526–527, 570–571, 573– superscription and, 241–243
574, 619, 624, 626, 670, 725, 730–734, 741, 750–752,
true witness, 201, 340
762, 764–766, 785, 840, 854, 856, 857, 867, 919, 932,
940, 950, 978, 1035, 1038–1039, 1154, 1160–1161, two witnesses, 81, 92, 424, 579, 633
1166, 1169, 1185, 1191, 1200, 1202–1203, 1223–1224, woes
1259, 1263, 1270, 1275, 1277, 1281, 1285, 1318, 1350, announcement of, 769–775, 971–972
1352, 1379, 1436, 1442, 1470, 1627, 1629–1630, 1698, first woe, 774, 804, 821, 829, 910, 971, 1022
1699–1700, 1705–1707, 1741, 1753
second woe, 744, 821, 829, 842, 870, 971–972
wealth, 29, 59, 74, 83, 192, 215, 369–370, 397, 482, 552,
third woe, 171, 774, 970, 971–972, 991
627, 742, 834, 877, 893, 904–905, 926, 1102, 1105,
1119, 1128–1129, 1131–1133, 1280, 1283, 1292–1293, woman, 30, 58, 65, 71, 117, 154, 188, 190, 381, 385,
1300, 1382–1390, 1413, 1418–1421, 1426, 1434, 1437, 398–399, 406, 416, 423, 444, 452, 455, 522, 529, 555,
1450, 1694 562, 565, 567, 574, 591, 596, 606, 626–627, 697, 707,
710, 712, 732–733, 760, 766, 777, 793–795, 848n7, 866,
wedding, 557, 569, 570–571, 573, 575, 830, 866, 915,
917, 926, 934, 994, 996–1014, 1017, 1021–1022, 1023,
1164, 1284, 1358, 1452–1453, 1472–1477, 1480, 1486–
1035–1041, 1046, 1049, 1078, 1097, 1100, 1148, 1151,
1487, 1635, 1637, 1663, 1667
1174, 1187, 1204, 1220, 1264, 1275–1276, 1284–1285,
wedding feast, 915, 1452, 1473, 1476, 1480, 1663 1289, 1291–1292, 1301, 1304–1307, 1312–1315, 1317–
weep, 61, 82, 194, 260, 312, 542, 585, 988, 1004, 1013, 1318, 1322, 1324–1325, 1333, 1337, 1340, 1351, 1355,
1390n31, 1405, 1408, 1412–1413, 1417–1418, 1452, 1643 1357, 1360, 1362, 1364, 1382, 1404, 1408, 1413, 1434,
wheat, 73, 265, 277, 622–623, 625–628, 755, 797, 837, 1473, 1477, 1495, 1549, 1566, 1590, 1663, 1722
924, 1018, 1020, 1101, 1182–1183, 1390, 1412, 1420, wonder, 2, 32, 83, 146, 231, 317, 574, 715, 771–772, 788,
1426, 1449, 1591, 1593 799, 817, 997, 1151, 1312–1314, 1318–1319, 1322, 1740
white robes, 87, 473, 500, 647, 718, 726, 727, 1151, 1493 word of God, 42, 45, 108, 121, 162, 202, 217, 242–243,
white stones, 383, 438, 442–443, 1385, 1684 248, 301, 328, 347, 354, 634, 862, 896, 901, 942, 1222,
whore, 100, 112, 1261n7, 1262, 1270, 1275, 1308, 1398 1351, 1361, 1470, 1479, 1480–1483, 1491–1493, 1497,
1508–1509, 1547, 1559, 1565, 1568, 1741, 1744, 1762
Wicked Priest, 215, 1102, 1106, 1127, 1302, 1388
worldview, 5, 94, 125, 248
wife (unfaithful), 306, 464, 473, 497, 551, 555, 561–562,
564, 568, 575, 581–582, 603, 606, 613, 699, 766, 1252, Wormwood, 750, 765–766
1261, 1276, 1306, 1438 worship
wild beasts, 41, 606, 618, 628–632, 752, 823 beast worship, 189, 1085, 1101, 1174–1177,
wilderness, 160–161, 175, 204, 330, 442, 509, 511, 1214–1217
555–557, 574, 577, 697, 699, 707, 732, 762, 765, 779, demon worship, 804, 828, 831
799–800, 847, 848, 859, 924, 927, 936, 951, 996, 1005, elders and, 977–979, 1471
1009, 1014, 1016, 1022, 1032, 1034, 1036–1039, 1070, emperor worship, 196, 366, 369, 371, 374, 517,
1087, 1112, 1114, 1127, 1131, 1163–1164, 1193, 1260, 1270, 536–539, 662, 1050–1051, 1054, 1065, 1099–
1284–1285, 1355, 1357, 1381, 1437–1438, 1452, 1579, 1101, 1103–1105, 1107, 1109, 1111, 1113, 1115, 1117,
1596, 1597, 1639, 1650, 1664, 1685, 1724 1119–1120, 1125, 1155, 1211–1212, 1314, 1536
winds, 187, 455, 665, 670, 676, 679, 688, 690–691, 695, final victory of the Lamb and, 1481
737, 762, 857, 872, 944, 966, 1182, 1203, 1220, 1237,
heavenly multitude and, 491, 718–727
1332, 1452, 1492, 1756
heavenly worship, 972–979
wine, 73, 345, 570–574, 577, 597, 622, 626–628, 645,
685, 696, 835, 997n2, 1039, 1140, 1171, 1173–1174, idolatry and, 213, 305, 396, 416–417, 560–561,
1180, 1184–1185, 1194, 1234, 1242, 1248, 1275, 1282, 832, 836
1302, 1307, 1309, 1364, 1369, 1378–1379, 1381, 1384, Jewish worship, 891, 899–900, 1446
1400, 1412, 1420, 1424, 1426, 1452, 1476, 1480, 1483, Lamb and, 424, 540, 603
1486–1487, 1491, 1492, 1495, 1496, 1497, 1500, 1553, seven trumpet angels and seventh trumpet and,
1644, 1698, 1753 972–979
wine press, 345, 385, 1180, 1184–1185, 1483, 1486–1487, visions of blessing and judgment and, 1174–1177
1491–1492, 1495, 1497, 1500 worthy, 10, 93, 150, 216, 224, 308, 310, 382, 386, 394,
wineskins, 73, 573, 597, 1477 468, 472–473, 500, 535–536, 539, 541–542, 578, 581,
wings, 65, 81, 82, 117, 139, 188, 525, 528–531, 572, 576, 583–586, 593, 599, 602, 603, 605, 703, 797, 859, 894,
652, 670–671, 680, 721, 733, 740, 748, 752, 769, 771, 946, 958, 1062, 1166, 1170, 1204–1205, 1432, 1760
773, 775, 792, 798, 832, 836, 848n7, 1016, 1036, 1037– wrath, 6, 42, 48–49, 134, 189, 200, 203, 205, 208–209,
1038, 1225, 1522, 1673 214, 236, 242, 254, 258, 260, 264, 267, 273, 278, 291,
witness. See also two witnesses 296–298, 308, 310, 312–314, 332–336, 343, 345, 466,

Subject Index 1873
484, 486–487, 517, 519, 529, 534, 544–546, 569, 584,

588, 591–594, 596, 598, 609–610, 612–613, 623, 629,
637, 644–645, 647, 665, 668, 684–686, 688–699, 704,
711, 729, 742, 749, 758, 768, 770, 772, 774, 776, 808,
820, 826, 837–838, 842, 855, 857, 859, 867, 884, 894,
908, 913, 918, 924, 928, 931, 959, 971, 979–992, 995–
996, 1019, 1026, 1028–1029, 1035, 1080, 1129, 1133,
1161, 1163, 1174–1175, 1184–1189, 1191–1192, 1194–1213,
1221, 1224, 1234, 1236, 1242, 1248, 1253, 1264, 1266–
1267, 1272, 1277, 1284, 1353, 1355, 1361, 1366, 1369,
1379–1380, 1396, 1398, 1400, 1402, 1405, 1453, 1465,
1466–1467, 1474, 1481, 1483–1487, 1491, 1493, 1495,
1497–1498, 1500, 1502, 1514–1515, 1520, 1527–1531,
1535, 1546, 1560, 1605–1606, 1613, 1625, 1636, 1646,
1662, 1678, 1692, 1708, 1711, 1761
wreath (victor’s), 436, 488, 615, 1002
Year of the Four Emperors, 24, 99, 748, 1210, 1317,

1322–1323, 1339
Yohanan ben Zakkai, 1036–1037
Zadokite, 283, 285, 1262, 1640

Zakkai, 71, 1036, 1413
zealots, 653, 680, 698, 783–784, 906, 958n119, 968,
1127, 1228, 1234, 1243, 1293, 1374–1376, 1380, 1387
Zebedee, 11–13, 19, 328, 1461
Zerubbabel, 339, 591, 937–939, 943, 1330–1331
Zeus, 365, 368–369, 371–372, 374, 446, 1057
Zion, 55, 61, 105, 155, 209, 277, 444, 521, 551, 566, 574,
576, 633, 675–676, 705, 707, 710, 718, 737, 759–760,
768, 779, 880, 905, 997, 1000, 1040, 1183, 1271, 1645–
1646, 1669, 1676, 1716
Zionism, 209, 1393
zodiac, 999, 1626, 1668n4

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THE DIVORCE OF ISRAEL

A Redemptive-Historical Interpretation of Revelation

Kenneth L. Gentry, Jr.

tolle lege press and chalcedon foundation

Copyright © 2024 by Gentry Family Trust (udt April 2, 1999)

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a. The Strong Angel and the Little Book (10:1–4)

This chapter provides another example of John’s intricate interlinking

ek tou ouranou). As we see in John’s Gospel, this is “a characteristically Johan-

133–34).11 Bauckham (1993a: 243) holds that Frederick D. Mazzaferri estab-

interpretation, the common exposition can arrive at the same conclusion.

b. The Strong Angel and the Solemn Oath (10:5–7)

gather” (Mt 24:28). In Daniel’s tribulation imagery, many in moribund Israel

modern translations and contemporary commentators follow a rendering that

c. The Little Book and John’s Recommissioning (10:8–11)

Similarly, in Revelation 10 John receives a book (biblion) which is in a hand

ultimately destroy her (the resulting bitterness).34 Before the destruction of

1378n14, 1388, 1445–1446, 1494, 1441, 1455, 1516, 1535, 1613n2,

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H J Lambrecht, Jan, 52, 79, 83, 167, 271,

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49:28 310, 313, 999 9:34 752 15:12 542, 1040

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26:26 623–624 24:3–9 426 6:10–11 913

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2:19 534 16:7 459, 832, 895 4:34 274

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36:23 357 9:19 961 Psalms

Ezra 2:1 1159

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110:2 593, 880 9:18 867 1:2 858

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25:9 617, 884, 1444 44:2–6 163 1:1–4 765

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22:2–4 163 32:7 983 41:17 1671

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1:14 486, 637 5:25–27 1113 5:13 534

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Haggai 4:9 339, 937 14:6–7 1712

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22:1 1476 23:28–30 742 24:4–5 1394

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9:31 309, 959 14:43 1702 2:27 1118

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23:28–29 1405, 1413 1:22 239 3:8 597

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11:57 1136, 1295 15:4–5 1399 18:39 275

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