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Database Architecture in DBMS: 1-Tier,
2-Tier and 3-Tier
4–5 m inutes
A Database Architecture is a representation of DBMS design. It
helps to design, develop, implement, and maintain the database
management system. A DBMS architecture allows dividing the
database system into individual components that can be
independently modified, changed, replaced, and altered. It also
helps to understand the components of a database.
A Database stores critical information and helps access data
quickly and securely. Therefore, selecting the correct Architecture
of DBMS helps in easy and efficient data management.
Types of DBMS Architecture
There are mainly three types of DBMS architecture:
• One Tier Architecture (Single Tier Architecture)
• Two Tier Architecture
• Three Tier Architecture
Now, we will learn about different architecture of DBMS with
diagram.
1-Tier Architecture
1 Tier Architecture in DBMS is the simplest architecture of
Database in which the client, server, and Database all reside on the
same machine. A simple one tier architecture example would be
anytime you install a Database in your system and access it to
practice SQL queries. But such architecture is rarely used in
production.
1 Tier Architecture Diagram
2-Tier Architecture
A 2 Tier Architecture in DBMS is a Database architecture where
the presentation layer runs on a client (PC, Mobile, Tablet, etc.),
and data is stored on a server called the second tier. Two tier
architecture provides added security to the DBMS as it is not
exposed to the end-user directly. It also provides direct and faster
communication.
2 Tier Architecture Diagram
In the above 2 Tier client-server architecture of database
management system, we can see that one server is connected with
clients 1, 2, and 3.
Two Tier Architecture Example:
A Contact Management System created using MS- Access.
3-Tier Architecture
A 3 Tier Architecture in DBMS is the most popular client server
architecture in DBMS in which the development and maintenance
of functional processes, logic, data access, data storage, and user
interface is done independently as separate modules. Three Tier
architecture contains a presentation layer, an application layer, and
a database server.
3-Tier database Architecture design is an extension of the 2-tier
client-server architecture. A 3-tier architecture has the following
layers:
1. Presentation layer (your PC, Tablet, Mobile, etc.)
2. Application layer (server)
3. Database Server
3 Tier Architecture Diagram
The Application layer resides between the user and the DBMS,
which is responsible for communicating the user’s request to the
DBMS system and send the response from the DBMS to the user.
The application layer(business logic layer) also processes
functional logic, constraint, and rules before passing data to the
user or down to the DBMS.
The goal of Three Tier client-server architecture is:
• To separate the user applications and physical database
• To support DBMS characteristics
• Program-data independence
• Supporting multiple views of the data
Three Tier Architecture Example:
Any large website on the internet, including guru99.com.
Summary
• An Architecture of DBMS helps in design, development,
implementation, and maintenance of a database
• The simplest database system architecture is 1 tier where the
Client, Server, and Database all reside on the same machine
• A two-tier architecture is a database architecture in DBMS where
presentation layer runs on a client and data is stored on a server
• Three-tier client-server architecture consists of the Presentation
layer (PC, Tablet, Mobile, etc.), Application layer (server) and
Database Server
