Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 18 views

    802.1Q Encapsulation Explained _ 8 - Copy

    Uploaded by

    AJ

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    802.1Q Encapsulation Explained _ 8 - Copy

    Uploaded by

    AJ
    18 views6 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    18 views6 pages

    802.1Q Encapsulation Explained _ 8 - Copy

    Uploaded by

    AJ

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 6

    5/9/2019 802.1Q Encapsulation Explained | NetworkLessons.

    com

    Search...

    Table of Contents
    Switching

     Unit 1: Switching Basics

     Unit 2: VLANs and Trunking

    Introduction to VLANs (Virtual LAN)

    How to con gure VLANs

    802.1Q Encapsulation

    How to con gure a trunk between switches

    How to change the Native VLAN

    Cisco DTP (Dynamic Trunking Protocol) Negotiation

    802.1Q Tunneling (Q-in-Q)

    Etherchannel over 802.1Q Tunneling

    Private VLANs (PVLAN)

    InterVLAN Routing

    Troubleshooting VLANs & Trunks

    Troubleshooting Inter-VLAN Routing

     Unit 3: VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol)

     Unit 4: Spanning-Tree

     Unit 5: Etherchannel

     Unit 6: Virtualization

     Unit 7: Design

     Unit 8: Security

     Unit 9: Miscellaneous

    https://networklessons.com/switching/802-1q-encapsulation-explained 1/6
    5/9/2019 802.1Q Encapsulation Explained | NetworkLessons.com

    You are here: Home » Switching

    802.1Q Encapsulation Explained


    When you want VLAN tra c between two switches then there is one problem we run into…take
    a look at the image below:

    This is a normal Ethernet frame…do you see any eld where we can specify to which VLAN our
    Ethernet frame belongs? Well there isn’t! So how does a switch know to what VLAN something
    belongs when it receives a frame? It has no clue so that’s why we need another protocol to help
    us.

    03:58

    If you want to VLAN tra c between switches we have to use a trunk. A trunk connection is
    simply said nothing more but a normal link but it is able to pass tra c from di erent VLANs
    and has a method to separate tra c between VLANs. Here’s an example:

    https://networklessons.com/switching/802-1q-encapsulation-explained 2/6
    5/9/2019 802.1Q Encapsulation Explained | NetworkLessons.com

    As you can see we have computers on both sides and they are in di erent VLANs, by using
    trunks we can make sure all VLAN tra c can be sent between the switches. Because our
    regular Ethernet frames don’t have anything to show to which VLAN they belong we will need
    another protocol.

    There are two trunking protocols:

    802.1Q: This is the most common trunking protocol. It’s a standard and supported by many
    vendors.
    ISL: This is the Cisco trunking protocol. Not all switches support it.

    Let’s take a look at 802.1Q:

    Here’s an example of an 802.1Q Ethernet frame. As you can see it’s the same as a normal
    Ethernet frame but we have added a tag in the middle (that’s the blue eld). In our tag you will
    nd a “VLAN identi er” which is the VLAN to which this Ethernet frame belongs. This is how

    https://networklessons.com/switching/802-1q-encapsulation-explained 3/6
    5/9/2019 802.1Q Encapsulation Explained | NetworkLessons.com

    switches know to which VLAN our tra c belongs.

    There’s also a eld called “Priority” which is how we can give a di erent priority to the di erent
    types of tra c. This is useful when you have one VLAN for voice over IP tra c and another
    VLAN for data tra c, you probably want to give the VoIP tra c priority or your call quality
    might su er.

    I hope this has been helpful to understand 802.1Q.

    If you want to know how to con gure trunks…take a look at this tutorial that I wrote earlier. It
    explains how to con gure trunks on Cisco Catalyst switches.

    « Previous Lesson
    How to con gure VLANs
    Next Lesson
    How to con gure a trunk between
    switches
    »
     Tags: 802.1Q, Trunk

    Forum Replies

    abcjacob

    Hi Laz,

    Thank you very much for your reply. It really helped.

    Regards,
    Abc

    lagapides

    Hello Azm

    Here is the topology that you described.

    //cdn-
    forum.networklessons.com/uploads/default/original/1X/f0c5057a55ecdd55faa8e073c49a468a787cebb0.png

    https://networklessons.com/switching/802-1q-encapsulation-explained 4/6
    5/9/2019 802.1Q Encapsulation Explained | NetworkLessons.com

    Except for the labeling in the diagram, the network has the following elements:

    VLAN 10 subnet is 10.10.10.0/24


    Host A has a default gateway of 10.10.10.1
    VLAN 20 subnet is 10.10.20.0/24
    Host B has a default gateway of 10.10.20.1
    Both Switch 1 and Switch 2 are layer 3 switches
    We assume that no additional SVIs or routed ports are con gured on either switch.

    Keep in mind that the order of operations of MAC

    ... Continue reading in our forum

    azmuddincisco

    Hello Laz,
    EXCELLENT. This has been really helpful and thank you so much for your time.

    Azm

    azmuddincisco

    Hello Laz,
    I am sorry for asking you so many questions. One more question.

    //cdn-
    forum.networklessons.com/uploads/default/original/1X/7b00da72ef9d195e002c531a081af3b8f04887ad.png

    When I am doing a traceroute from 10.10.10.10 to 10.20.20.20. I am getting the below result.

    //cdn-
    forum.networklessons.com/uploads/default/original/1X/249a9f64348ec47e9e9c35619c2ba9b3b6b9db76.png

    When I am doing a traceroute from 10.20.20.20 to 10.10.10.10, I am getting the below result:

    //cdn-
    forum.networklessons.com/uploads/default/original/1X/5cb7dcbdbcf575876fb96e9f8b1f70f3792b83

    ... Continue reading in our forum

    azmuddincisco

    https://networklessons.com/switching/802-1q-encapsulation-explained 5/6
    5/9/2019 802.1Q Encapsulation Explained | NetworkLessons.com

    Hello Laz,
    Got it. Great and accurate explanation once again. Thank you so much.

    Azm

     55 more replies! Ask a question or join the discussion by visiting our Community Forum

    Hello There!
    I am René Molenaar (CCIE #41726), Your main Instructor. My goal is to teach
    you everything about Cisco, Wireless and Security. I am here to Help You
    Master Networking!

    Read my story

    New Lessons
    Device Programmability
    Data Models and Structures
    Network Automation and Orchestration
    Cloud Connectivity
    Virtualization Functions (NFVI, VNF)

    Disclaimer
    Privacy Policy
    Support

    © 2013 - 2019 NetworkLessons.com 22194

    https://networklessons.com/switching/802-1q-encapsulation-explained 6/6

    You might also like