RACKING_1.2 1
RACKING_1.2 1
RACKING_1.2 1
INTRODUCTION
Following calculations pertain to evaluation of free field raking effect on station due to earthquake.
The height for calculating the deformation is considered as the distance between Cl of base Level
and the center line of Top Slab.
Clear height between centre line of Top Slab and Base slab = 20.185 m
Structural Dimensions
Depth of Fill Above Roof slab 3450 mm
Thickness of Top Slab 1000 mm CL of Top
Thickness of Outer wall 1200 mm 20185 Slab
Thickness of upper Concourse 700 mm
Thickness of lower Concourse 700 mm
Thickness of Base slab = 2500 mm CL of Bottom
Slab
Main References:
1. Hashash, Y.M.A., Hook, J.A., Schmidt, B., Yao, J.,"Seismic Design and Analysis of Underground Structures"
2. Wang, J., "Seismic Design of Tunnels"
3. Kuesel, R.K., "Earthquake design criteria for subways"
4. Macormick
5. Seismic microzonation manual,Ministary of Earth Science,Govt of India, New Delhi
6.Prediction of Shear Wave velocity using SPT-N value by Himanshu Jhinkwan and P.K.Jain
Seismic Parameters
Peak Ground Acceleration (amax)
Maximum design earthquake(MDE) = 0.16 g = 160 cm/sec²
Operating design earthquake(ODE) = 0.08 g
So Zone Factor (Z) = 0.16
Ratio = 142
Peak Ground Velocity = 0.175 m/sec
Estimation of Free Field Deformation
Max Free Field shear strain of sub-strata (Ymax)
To estimate shear wave velocity proposed relationship with respect to N value of the soil has been carried out.
Ymax = Vs / Cm
Where;
Case-1 Cm = Effective shear wave propagation velocity (Table-8 of Ref 5)
= 80N 0.33
Case-2 Cm = Effective shear wave propagation velocity (ref Eqn 4-2 of Ref 2)
= (Gm/r)^0.5
Where Gm = Effective shear modulus of strata = 45000 Kpa
r = mass density of ground = 2 T/m3
Cm = = 150 m/s
In the present design note, raking effects have been estimated for DBE/ODE case
Corresponding deflections are:
Analysis for raking force has been done by STAAD. Each section has been analysed in separate STAAD file.
Input and output files are enclosed
To get a 32 mm deflection at the tip, the following loads are to applied.
For a concentrated forc P = 646.3 Kn
For a distributed force P = 97.3 Kn
Since 1.0EI considered in combined model the applied force reduced by 10% to get actual result
a b c b a
L
Where a= 2150 (overhang)
b= 2300 (wheel base in a bogie)
c= 12400 (distance between two axle)
L= 21300 (Length of a car)
All axle loads = 17 T
Ref: As per outline design specification
So considering two successive cars placed one after another gap between axle of the cars
2*a = 4300 mm (considering minimum distance to get maximum effect)
As the wheel load will give the balancing effect over base slab so it is neglected in design