제( 1 )학년 ( 2 )학기 ( 기말 )고사 ( 영어 )과 과목코드 ( 03 )

문 선 택 형 ( 24 )문 항 ( 65 )점 실시
2023년 12월 12일 (화 요 일 )
항 서논술형 ( 6 )문 항 ( 35 )점 일자
[1, 서·논술형 1] 다음을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. 2. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
========================================= 한 것은? [2.5점]
My school’s drama club is preparing
Shakespeare’s ① play The Merchant of Venice for On the third day, we took a tour of the city
our school festival in August, and I have the best with a tour guide named Piero. We started in
St. Mark’s Square, the cultural center of
role: Portia. Portia is one of the most significant
Venice. From there, we could see St. Mark’s
female ② characters in Shakespeare’s plays. She
Basilica, a huge cathedral, holding hundreds of
runs off to Venice, pretends to be a lawyer, and
dazzling mosaics and fantastic works of art.
saves the life of her husband’s friend Antonio by
arguing his ③ case at a trial. Anyway, (A) [ I /
(A) It shows the mythological god of the
the play / the more / the more / I / seem /
sea, Neptune, giving treasures of the sea to
closely / her path / to follow / practice ] in
the city of Venice. Then our tour guide took
Venice.
us to the Compass Room. When he explained
This year my parents are celebrating their 20th
that this was where trials were held long ago,
wedding ④ anniversary, which is why we have
I could imagine myself as Portia entering the
been planning to take a special family trip for
Compass Room to defend ‘the merchant of
several years. Finally, with summer vacation about
Venice.’
to start, we discussed travel destinations.
(B) We went inside the building, Doge’s Palace,
Naturally I suggested Venice. My younger sister
which was right next to St. Mark’s Basilica.
and my parents were all excited about seeing the
One of the most impressive rooms was the
⑤ canals and gondolas, so they agreed right
Four Doors Room. It was filled with paintings
away. I can’t believe it! We’re going to see the
of Greek and Roman myths. My favorite
real Venice. It will be like the theater come to
painting was Neptune Offering Gifts to
life!
Venice.
=========================================
(C) Walking out of the Compass Room and
1. 윗글의 밑줄 친 ①~⑤의 문맥상 의미로 적절하지
across the Bridge of Sighs, we could see the
않은 것은? [2.7점]
charming canal that flows under the bridge,
① play: a dramatic work intended for performance
leading to the prison. On our way back to
by actors on a stage
the bed-and-breakfast, We heard that Venice
② character: a written symbol that is used to
was built on wet and muddy land by people
represent speech
who were trying to escape from armies from
③ case: a comprehensive term for any proceeding
the north and east, which made me quite
in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a
surprised.
legal remedy
④ anniversary: the date on which an event
① (A)-(C)-(B) ② (B)-(A)-(C) ③ (B)-(C)-(A)
occurred in some previous year
④ (C)-(A)-(B) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
⑤ canal: long and narrow strip of water made for
boats or for irrigation

【서·논술형 1】윗글의 밑줄 친 (A)에 주어진 어구만

모두 사용하여 문맥에 맞게 재배열하시오. [5점]

답: ⇒ 다음 면에 계속

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3. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호에서 어법상 옳은 것으로 designs. My father said, “Why don’t you pick out
짝지어진 것은? [2.8점] a mask to take home? It would be a great
This morning we flew into the airport and came souvenir.” So my sister picked a green mask with
to the island by water taxi. After the long flight, it a long nose, and I chose a mask with gold
was refreshing to travel across the water by boat. patterns around the eyes. When I ⓔ put on it, I
At last I stepped into Venice with a pounding felt like I was the character Portia, hiding her
heart. The first thing (A) [ what / that ] impressed identity, ready to save the day.
me about the city was how colorful it was. The =========================================
walls were covered with bright blues, greens, 4. 윗글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? [2.8점]
oranges and every other color. We stayed at a ① The writer’s mother said a trip to Venice could
bed-and-breakfast, run by a very sweet old lady. not be complete without riding a gondola.
It (B) [ used to be / was used to being ] a palace ② The gondolier sang as well as a professional
hundreds of years ago. She told us a lot about singer.
the area as well. As we were hungry, we went to ③ The specialty of the Island of Murano is a
Dalla Marisa. This restaurant has no menus. The mask.
guests simply eat whatever Marisa is cooking ④ The artist in a glass factory showed the
that day. We had fresh fish with bread and process of making a horse with melted glass.
salad. There was (C) [ a lot / by far ] more than I ⑤ The writer and her sister each bought masks
could eat, but it was all delicious. as souvenirs in Venice.

(A) (B) (C)

5. 윗글의 밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중 어법상 틀린 것을
① what … used to be … a lot
두 개 고르면? [2.9점]
② what … was used to being … by far
③ that … used to be … a lot ① ⓐ professional ② ⓑ melting
④ what … used to be … by far ③ ⓒ a few ④ ⓓ has considered
⑤ that … was used to being … a lot ⑤ ⓔ put on it

[4~5] 다음을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. 6. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

========================================= [2.6점]
My mother said, “You can’t say you have been When you pluck a guitar string it moves back
to Venice if you have not ridden a gondola,” so and forth hundreds of times every second.
we all climbed into one of the famous boats. Our Naturally, this movement is ① very fast that you
gondolier sang ‘O Sole Mio’ as the boat floated cannot see it — you just see the blurred outline of
down a canal, and his powerful voice sounded the moving string. Strings ② vibrating in this way
nearly ⓐ professional. on their own make hardly any noise because
After the gondola ride, we took another boat to strings are very thin and don’t push much air
the Island of Murano, which is famous for its about. But if you attach a string to a big hollow
glass-blowers. We visited a glass factory and box (like a guitar body), then the vibration is
watched an artist ⓑ melting glass in a very hot amplified and the note is heard ③ loud and clear.
oven. I couldn’t believe how he was able to make The vibration of the string is passed on to the
the hot lump of glass into an elegant horse with wooden panels of the guitar body, which vibrate
just ⓒ a few skillful movements of his tools. back and forth at the same rate as the string.
Another thing we had to see while in Venice The vibration of the wood creates more powerful
was the mask shops. Like glass-blowing, the waves in the air pressure, ④ which travel away
craft of mask-making ⓓ has considered an art in from the guitar. ⑤ Reaching your eardrums, the
Venice for hundreds of years. Our trip to the waves flex in and out the same number of times
mask shop did not disappoint us. There were a second as the original string.
dozens of masks in all different colors and
⇒ 다음 면에 계속

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7. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임 included religion, math, business, science,

이 적절하지 않은 것은? [2.9점] history, and biography. What mattered was that
There is a reason the title “Monday Morning they read voraciously to find out more.
Quarterback” exists. Just read the comments on
social media from fans discussing the weekend’s Rosalie Fink studied individuals with (A) ,
games, and you quickly see how many people succeeding in prestigious work despite having
believe they could play, coach, and manage sport problems in basic literacy. She learned that
teams ① better than those on the field. This is they succeeded as readers and as
also ② applicable to the boardroom. Students professionals by following their own (B) .
and professionals with years of training and
specialized degrees in sport business may also 답: (A)
find themselves being given advice on how to do (B) _______________
their jobs from friends, family, or even total
strangers ③ without any expertise. Executives in 8. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? [2.8점]
sport management have decades of knowledge Many people are terrified to fly in airplanes. Often,
and experience in their ④ respective fields. this fear stems from a lack of control. The pilot is in
However, many of them face criticism from fans control, not the passengers, and this lack of control
and community members telling them how to run instills fear. Many potential passengers are so afraid
their business. ⑤ Not a few people tell their they choose to drive great distances to get to a
doctor how to perform surgery or their accountant destination instead of flying. But their decision to
how to prepare their taxes, but many people drive is based solely on emotion, not logic. Logic
provide feedback on how sport organizations says that statistically, the odds of dying in a car
should be managed. crash are around 1 in 5,000, while the odds of dying
in a plane crash are closer to 1 in 11 million. If
【 서·논술형 2 】다음 글의 내용을 참고하여, 빈칸 you’re going to take a risk, especially one that could
(A), (B)에 들어갈 적절한 영어 1단어를 본문에서 각 possibly involve your well­being, wouldn’t you want
각 찾아 쓰시오. (단, 필요하면 어형을 바꾸시오. 답 the odds in your favor? However, most people
안 작성 시 (A), (B)를 반드시 쓰시오.) [각 2점씩] choose the option that will cause them the least
A key to engagement and achievement is amount of anxiety. Pay attention to the thoughts you
providing students with relevant texts they will be have about taking the risk and make sure you’re
interested in. My scholarly work and my teaching basing your decision on facts, not just feelings.
have been deeply influenced by the work of
① Emotion occupies a crucial role in making
Rosalie Fink. She interviewed twelve adults who
decisions about taking a risk just as much as
were highly successful in their work, including a
reason.
physicist, a biochemist, and a company CEO. All
② Just because you’re in the driver’s seat doesn’t
of them had dyslexia and had had significant
mean you are sure to avoid an accident.
problems with reading throughout their school
③ Your anxiety level should not be the factor that
years. While she expected to find that they had
helps you make the decision about risk.
avoided reading and discovered ways to bypass it
④ The more often you take a risk, the more you
or compensate with other strategies for learning,
tend to miscalculate how big a risk is.
she found the opposite. “To my surprise, I found
⑤ You are more willing to take higher risks when
that these dyslexics were enthusiastic readers...
you think you have more control.
they rarely avoided reading. On the contrary, they
sought out books.” The pattern Fink discovered
was that all of her subjects had been passionate
in some personal interest. The areas of interest ⇒ 다음 면에 계속

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[9~12] 다음을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

========================================= =========================================
[가] Doctors believe that ⓐ repeated blows to the 9. 윗글의 밑줄 친 ⓐ∼ⓔ 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
brain can cause a variety of physical and mental [2.8점]
problems later in life. This is why some scientists ① ⓐ repeated ② ⓑ is ③ ⓒ that
believe it is so important to study woodpeckers. ④ ⓓ to avoid ⑤ ⓔ soften
They hammer ㈀ their beaks into trees at speeds
of over 20 kilometers per hour. They can peck 10. Woodpeckers에 관한 윗글 [가]~[나]의 내용과
about 20 times per second. On average, they 일치하지 않는 것은? [2.5점]
knock their heads against hard surfaces about ① 시속 20km 이상의 속도로 나무에 부리를 쪼아댄다.
12,000 times every day. Each one of those ② 평균 하루 만 이천 번 정도 단단한 표면에 머리를
impacts ⓑ is about 100 times as powerful as a 친다.
hit that would cause serious brain injury to a ③ 두개골 앞부분에 스폰지 같은 뼈를 가지고 있다.
human. Yet somehow, woodpeckers never suffer ④ 단단하지만 유연한 부리를 나무에 두들긴다.
any physical or mental damage. Why not? ⑤ 두개골 안에 뇌가 움직일 매우 큰 공간이 있다.

[나] This was the very question ⓒ that interested

11. 윗글의 밑줄 친 ㈀~㈄ 중, 지칭하는 것이 같은
two Korean scientists, Sang-Hee Yoon and
것끼리 묶인 것은? [2.5점]
Sungmin Park: How do woodpeckers manage
① ㈀㈁ ② ㈁㈂ ③ ㈂㈃ ④ ㈃㈄ ⑤ ㈀㈄
ⓓ to avoid hurting themselves as ㈁ they pound
away at hard surfaces? The scientists studied
12. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? [2.6점]
woodpeckers closely, and learned that the birds
① From Woodpeckers to Improved Black Boxes
have spongy bones in the frontal part of their
② Why Woodpeckers Never Suffer Brain Damage?
skulls. Woodpeckers also have beaks that are
③ How to Conduct an Experiment on Woodpeckers
hard yet flexible. ㈂ They also noticed that there
④ What the Woodpecker’s Skull and Beak Look Like
is very little space for a woodpecker’s brain to
⑤ The Curious Scientists Dedicated to Human Progress
move around inside its skull. The scientists
concluded that the flexibility of the various parts
of a woodpecker’s head helps to absorb shocks, 13. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임
which ⓔ soften the blow of impacts. 이 적절하지 않은 것은? [2.7점]
Gregg and I had been rock climbing since
[다] The researchers decided to build a sunrise and had had no problems. So we took a
mechanical device that would imitate the functions risk. “Look, the first bolt is right there. I can
of a woodpecker’s spongy bone and flexible ① barely climb out to it. Piece of cake,” I
beak. Their goal was to improve black boxes, the persuaded Gregg, minutes before I found myself
devices on airplanes that keep detailed records of ② frozen. It wasn’t a piece of cake. The rock
each flight. Black boxes are used to find out the was deceptively barren of handholds. I
causes of airplane crashes, so ㈃ they must be ③ awkwardly moved back and forth across the
able to endure the impact of falling from the sky. cliff face and ended up with nowhere to go...but
The researchers placed the black box’s recording down. The bolt that would save my life, if I could
device inside an aluminum container tightly get to it, was about two feet ④ above my reach.
packed with tiny pieces of glass. This was done My arms trembled from exhaustion. I looked at
to reproduce the effect of the spongy bone in a Gregg. My body froze with ⑤ fright from my neck
woodpecker’s skull. ㈄ They also covered the down to my toes. Our rope was tied between us.
container with a layer of rubber to absorb shocks If I fell, he would fall with me.
and then covered the whole thing with a layer of
steel. The project was a great success: The new
black box was 60 times more protective than
older types. ⇒ 다음 면에 계속

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[14~16] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가 absorbing some of the impact. ( ⑤ ) In fact,
기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오. [각 2.7점씩] several helmet manufacturers are already
searching hard for ways to make ‘a woodpecker
14.
helmet,’ whose modern origin dates back to Franz
The researchers also found that valuing Kafka.
uniqueness increased audience members’
ratings of the status and competence of a 16.
professor who wore red sneakers while giving
a lecture. But when conditions are right, we see beautiful
displays.
It’s not news to anyone that we judge others
based on their clothes. ( ① ) In general, studies Maybe you’ve heard this joke: “How do you eat
that investigate these judgments find that people an elephant?” The answer is “one bite at a time.”
prefer clothing that matches expectations — So, how do you “build” the Earth? That’s simple,
surgeons in scrubs, little boys in blue — with one too: one atom at a time. Atoms are the basic
notable exception. ( ② ) A series of studies building blocks of crystals, and crystals come in
published in an article in June 2014 in the a variety of shapes that scientists call habits.
Journal of Consumer Research explored observers’ Common crystal habits include squares, triangles,
reactions to people who broke established norms and six­sided hexagons. ( ① ) Usually crystals
only slightly. ( ③ ) In one scenario, a man at a form when liquids cool, such as when you create
black­tie affair was viewed as having higher ice cubes. ( ② ) Many times, crystals form in
status and competence when wearing a red bow ways that do not allow for perfect shapes. ( ③ )
tie. ( ④ ) The results suggest that people judge If conditions are too cold, too hot, or there isn’t
these slight deviations from the norm as positive enough source material, they can form strange,
because they suggest that the individual is twisted shapes. ( ④ ) Usually, this involves a
powerful enough to risk the social costs of such slow, steady environment where the individual
behaviors. ( ⑤ ) atoms have plenty of time to join and fit perfectly
into what is known as the crystal lattice. ( ⑤ )
15. This is the basic structure of atoms that is seen
time after time.
The researchers believe that these discoveries
could be very useful in developing new helmets. 【 서·논술형 3 】 다음 (A)와 (B)의 빈칸에 적절한 영
어 단어들을 쓰시오. (답안 작성 시 반드시 (A), (B)
If woodpecker-inspired technology worked so 를 쓰시오.) [각 3점씩]
well to protect black boxes, it would probably
(A) The old man seems (A) us for some
also work well in the improvement of helmet
people he knew years ago.
design. Two Chinese scientists, Yubo Fan and
(= I have the impression that the old man mistook
Ming Zhang, decided to look into this more
us for some people he knew years ago.)
closely, and created computer models of the
birds’ heads. (①) They also filmed the (B) Tony always seems (B) a smile to
woodpeckers so they could watch them pecking everyone’s face.
in super slow motion. ( ② ) They came to many (= I have the impression that Tony always brings
of the same conclusions as Yoon and Park, but a smile to everyone’s face.)
they also noticed the importance of the shape of
a woodpecker’s beak. ( ③ ) The top part of the 답: (A)
beak is longer than the bottom half. ( ④ ) When (B) _______________
it hammers into a tree, it bends down and back,
⇒ 다음 면에 계속

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【 서·논술형 4】다음 글의 내용을 한 단락으로 요약하 animal can ③ beat us at a cognitive task — like how
고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B), (C)에 들어갈 말로 적절한 certain bird species can remember the precise
한 단어를 각각 본문에서 찾아 쓰시오. (단, 필요하면 locations of thousands of seeds — they write it off
어형을 바꾸시오. 답안 작성 시 반드시 (A)~(C)를 쓰시 as instinct, not intelligence. This and so many more
오.) [각 2점씩] tricks of language are what de Waal has termed
You probably know of this question: If a tree falls “④ behavioral castration.” The way we use our
in the forest and there is no one around, does it tongues to ⑤ disempower animals, the way we
make a sound? The correct answer is no. Sound is invent words to maintain our spot at the top.
more than pressure waves, and indeed there can be
no sound without someone to witness or perceive it. 18. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은? [2.5점]
And similarly, scientific communication is a two­way Long ago, an old man built a grand temple at the
process. Just as a signal of any kind is useless center of his village. People traveled to worship at
unless it is perceived, a published scientific paper the temple. So the old man made arrangements for
(signal) is useless unless it is both read and food and accommodation inside the temple itself.
understood by its intended audience. Thus we can He needed someone who could look after the
restate the axiom of science as follows: A scientific temple, so he put up a notice: Manager needed.
experiment is not complete until the results have Seeing the notice, many people went to the old
been published and understood. Publication is no man. But he returned all the applicants after
more than pressure waves unless the published interviews, telling them, “I need a qualified person
paper is understood. Too many scientific papers fall for this work.” The old man would sit on the roof of
silently in the woods. his house every morning, watching people go
through the temple doors. One day, he saw a
If a tree were to fall in the forest, and there young man come to the temple. When that young
were no human beings, there wouldn’t be any man left the temple, the old man called him and
sound. This makes sense because sound is a asked, “Will you take care of this temple?” The
matter of (A) . Without a/an (B) , the young man was surprised by the offer and replied,
falling tree just creates sound waves that are “I have no experience caring for a temple. I’m not
never (C) as sound. Likewise, a published even educated.” The old man smiled and said, “I
scientific writing can be of no use unless its don’t want any educated man. I want a qualified
content is well received and understood by its person.” Confused, the young man asked, “But why
intended readers. do you consider me a qualified person?” The old
man replied, “I buried a brick on the path to the
temple. I watched for many days as people tripped
17. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적 over that brick. No one thought to remove it. But
절하지 않은 것은? [2.7점] you dug up that brick.” The young man said, “I
The famous primatologist Frans de Waal, of Emory haven’t done anything great. It’s the duty of every
University, says humans downplay similarities human being to think about others. I only did my
between us and other animals as a way of duty.” The old man smiled and said, “Only people
maintaining our spot at the top of our imaginary who know their duty and perform it are qualified
ladder. Scientists, de Waal points out, can be some people.”
of the worst offenders — employing technical
language to ① distance the other animals from us. ① 노인은 사원 안에서의 숙식을 금지했다.
They call “kissing” in chimps “mouth­to­mouth ② 관리자를 구하는 공고에 지원자가 많았다.
contact”; they call “friends” between primates ③ 노인은 사원의 문 앞에 앉아 사람들을 지켜보았다.
“favorite affiliation partners”; they interpret evidence ④ 젊은이는 사원을 관리해 본 경험이 있다.
showing that crows and chimps can make tools as ⑤ 젊은이는 노인에게 잘 보이려고 벽돌을 파냈다.
being somehow qualitatively ② different from the
kind of toolmaking said to define humanity. If an ⇒ 다음 면에 계속

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【 서·논술형 5】다음 글의 내용을 한 단락으로 요약 답: (A) (B)

하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B), (C)에 들어갈 말로 적절 (C)
한 한 단어를 각각 본문에서 찾아 쓰시오. (단, 필요하
면 어형을 바꾸시오. 답안 작성 시 반드시 (A)~(C)를 19. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가
쓰시오.) [각 2점씩] 장 적절한 곳은? [2.6점]

Claims that local food production cut greenhouse They will also connect to motor nerves that travel
gas emissions by reducing the burning of back down the spinal cord, and to the muscles
transportation fuel are usually not well founded. in your leg that now contract quickly to lift your
Transport is the source of only 11 percent of foot away from the painful object.
greenhouse gas emissions within the food sector,
so reducing the distance that food travels after it Sensory nerves carry signals to your brain to
leaves the farm is far less important than help you touch, taste, smell and see. ( ① ) They
reducing wasteful energy use on the farm. Food have specialized endings in the tissues that pick
coming from a distance can actually be better for up a particular sensation. ( ② ) If, for example,
the climate, depending on how it was grown. For you step on a sharp object such as a pin, nerve
example, field­grown tomatoes shipped from endings in the skin will transmit the pain sensation
Mexico in the winter months will have a smaller up your leg, up and along the spinal cord to the
carbon footprint than local winter tomatoes grown brain. ( ③ ) While the pain itself is unpleasant, it is
in a greenhouse. In the United Kingdom, lamb in fact acting as a protective mechanism for the
meat that travels 11,000 miles from New Zealand foot. ( ④ ) Within the brain, nerves will connect to
generates only one­quarter the carbon emissions the area that controls speech, so that you may
per pound compared to British lamb because well shout ‘ouch’ or something rather less polite.
farmers in the United Kingdom raise their animals ( ⑤ ) Sensory and motor nerves control almost all
on feed (which must be produced using fossil functions in the body — from the beating of the
fuels) rather than on clover pastureland. When heart to the movement of the gut, sweating and
food does travel, what matters most is not the just about everything else.
distance traveled but the travel mode (surface
versus air), and most of all the load size. Bulk 20. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것을 모두
loads of food can travel halfway around the world 고르면? [3점]
by ocean freight with a smaller carbon footprint, We all negotiate every day, ① whether we
per pound delivered, than foods traveling just a realise it or not. Yet few people ever learn how to
short distance but in much smaller loads. For negotiate. Those who do usually ② learn the
example, 18­wheelers carry much larger loads traditional, win­lose negotiating style rather than an
than pickup trucks so they can move food 100 approach that is likely to result in a win­win
times as far while burning only one­third as much agreement. This old­school, adversarial approach
gas per pound of food delivered. may be useful in a one­off negotiation ③ which
you will probably not deal with that person again.
The common belief that local food production However, such transactions are becoming
significantly (A) greenhouse gas emissions increasingly rare, because most of us deal with the
from transportation is not well validated. same people repeatedly — our spouses and
On-farm energy efficiency is more critical since children, our friends and colleagues, our customers
(B) contributes only 11 percent of and clients. In view of this, it’s essential to
greenhouse gas emissions in the food sector. achieve successful results for ourselves and
Examples provided illustrate that transportation ④ maintains a healthy relationship with our
modes are more crucial than the (C) negotiating partners at the same time. In today’s
delivered. Also, the load size does matter since interdependent world of business partnerships and
larger loads can have a smaller carbon footprint long­term relationships, a win­win outcome is fast
per pound, even if transported over longer ⑤ becoming the only acceptable result.
distances.
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【 서·논술형 6】다음 글의 밑줄 친 (A), (B)에 들어 who they are. This contributes to building a sense
갈 말을 주어진 어구만 모두 사용하여 각각 문맥에 of community, which is essential for all children,
맞게 재배열하시오. (답안 작성 시 반드시 (A), (B)를 especially those in transition.
쓰시오.) [각 4점씩]
① Helping Children Cope with Moving
We are always teaching our children something ② Challenging Experiences for Young Children
by our words and our actions. They learn from ③ The Need for Understanding Children's Concerns
seeing. They learn from hearing and from ④ Should We Balance Past and Present
overhearing. Children share the values of their Experiences?
parents about the most important things in life. ⑤ Difficulties Children Face When Imagining the
Our priorities and principles and our examples of Future
good behavior can teach our children to take
virtuous paths (A) [ alternatives / faced / when / 22. 다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 두 개
tempting / with ]. Remember that children do not 고르면? [3점]
learn the values that make up strong character
simply by being told about them. They learn by
(B) [ applied / those values / seeing / being /
consistently ] in the actions of the people around
them. Therefore show your child good examples of
life by your action. In our daily lives, we can show
our children that we respect others. We can show
them our compassion and concern when others are
suffering, and our own self­discipline, courage and
honesty as we make difficult decisions.

답: (A)
The graph above shows the percentages of
people in different age groups who reported using
(B)
social media in the United States in 2015 and
2021. ① In 2015, the percentage of people who
reported using social media in the 18-29 group
21. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? [2.6점] was much more than twice that in the 65 and
While moving is difficult for everyone, it is older group. ② In each of the given years, the
particularly stressful for children. They lose their 30-49 group had the second highest percentage
sense of security and may feel disoriented when of people who said they used social media. ③ The
their routine is disrupted and all that is familiar is percentage of people who said they used social
taken away. Young children, ages 3-6, are media in the 50-64 group in 2015 was 22
particularly affected by a move. Their understanding percentage points higher than that in 2021. ④ In
at this stage is quite literal, and it is hard for them 2021, except for the 65 and older group, more
to imagine beforehand a new home and their new than 70 percent of people in each age group
room. Young children may have worries such as reported using social media. ⑤ Among all the age
“Will I still be me in the new place?” and “Will my groups, only the 18-29 group showed an increase
toys and bed come with us?” It is important to in the percentage of people who reported using
establish a balance between validating children’s social media from 2015 to 2021.
past experiences and focusing on helping them
adjust to the new place. Children need to have
opportunities to share their backgrounds in a way
that respects their past as an important part of ⇒ 다음 면에 계속

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23. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호에서 문맥상 들어갈 말로 else is taken into account. An outstanding
가장 적절한 것으로 짝지어진 것은? [2.8점] performance means an outstanding person; an
The interaction of workers from different cultural ⑤ average performance means an average person.
backgrounds with the host population might increase Period.
productivity due to positive externalities like
① reflect : demonstrate
knowledge spillovers. This is only an advantage up to
② in terms of : in relation to
a certain degree. When the variety of backgrounds is
③ entertaining : appealing
too (A) [ large / small ], fractionalization may cause
④ However : Nevertheless
excessive transaction costs for communication, which
⑤ average : ordinary
may lower productivity. Diversity not only impacts the
labour market, but may also affect the quality of life
in a location. A tolerant native population may
- 끝 -
consider a multicultural city or region to be
(B) [ valuable / worthless ] because of an increase in
the range of available goods and services. On the
other hand, diversity could be perceived as an
(C) [ attractive / unattractive ] feature if natives perceive
it as a distortion of what they consider to be their
national identity. They might even discriminate against
other ethnic groups and they might fear that social
conflicts between different foreign nationalities are
imported into their own neighbourhood.

(A) (B) (C)

① large … valuable … attractive
② large … valuable … unattractive
③ large … worthless … attractive
④ small … worthless … attractive
⑤ small … valuable … unattractive

24. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 어휘 표현의 동의어로 적절하

지 않은 것은? [2.6점]
For many people, ability refers to intellectual
competence, so they want everything they do to
① reflect how smart they are — writing a brilliant
legal brief, getting the highest grade on a test,
writing elegant computer code, saying something
exceptionally wise or witty in a conversation. You
could also define ability ② in terms of a particular
skill or talent, such as how well one plays the
piano, learns a language, or serves a tennis ball.
Some people focus on their ability to be attractive,
③ entertaining, up on the latest trends, or to have
the newest gadgets. ④ However ability may be
defined, a problem occurs when it is the sole
determinant of one’s self­worth. The performance
becomes the only measure of the person; nothing

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