Ronald_T._Raines

Ronald T.
Raines
Ronald T. Raines is an American chemical biologist.
He is the Roger and Georges Firmenich Professor of Ronald T. Raines
Natural Products Chemistry at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology. He is known for using ideas
and methods of physical organic chemistry to solve
important problems in biology.
Education
Raines was born and raised in the New Jersey suburbs
of New York City. His father was a Ph.D. chemist,
having worked with Charles O. Beckman at Columbia
University. Raines graduated from West Essex High
School in North Caldwell, New Jersey,[1] where he was Born August 13, 1958 (age 66)
taught by award-winning chemistry teacher, Rex T. Montclair, New Jersey
Morrison.[2] He received Sc.B. degrees in chemistry Alma mater Massachusetts Institute of
and biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Technology, doing undergraduate research with
Known for Research on collagen,
Christopher T. Walsh on pyridoxal phosphate-
ribonucleases, protein
dependent enzymes. He earned A.M. and Ph.D.
chemistry, and biofuels
degrees in chemistry at Harvard University for work
Scientific career
with Jeremy R. Knowles on catalysis by
triosephosphate isomerase. Also on his Ph.D. thesis Fields Chemical Biology
committee were Walter Gilbert and Martin Karplus. Institutions University of Wisconsin–
Raines was a Helen Hay Whitney postdoctoral fellow Madison
with William J. Rutter in the Department of Massachusetts Institute of
Biochemistry and Biophysics at the University of Technology
California, San Francisco, where he cloned and Thesis Energetics of enzymatic
expressed the gene encoding bovine pancreatic catalysis: Triosephosphate
ribonuclease. isomerase (https://search.pr
oquest.com/docview/30340
6288/)
Career Doctoral advisor Jeremy R. Knowles
Raines was a member of the faculty at the University Other academic William J. Rutter
of Wisconsin–Madison from 1989 until 2017. There, advisors (postdoctoral)
he was the Henry A. Lardy Professor of Biochemistry, Christopher T. Walsh
Linus Pauling Professor of Chemical Biology, and a (undergraduate)
Professor of Chemistry.[3] In 2009, he was a Visiting

Associate in Chemistry at Caltech; in 2014, he was the Givaudan–Karrer Distinguished Visiting Professor
at the Universität Zürich.[4] In 2017, he returned to Cambridge, Massachusetts to join the faculty of his
alma mater, MIT. He is also an Extramural Member of the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research
at MIT and an Associate Member of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard. Altogether, he has mentored
more than 100 graduate students and postdoctorates.[5]
Raines and his coworkers have made the following contributions.
Revelation of the basis for the conformational stability of collagen, which is the most
abundant protein in animals.[6] This work led to the discovery that unappreciated chemical
forces—the n→π* interaction[7] and C5 hydrogen bond[8]—contribute to the stability of
nearly every protein.[9] His hyperstable collagens are in preclinical trials for the detection
and treatment of wounds and fibrosis.
Discovery of how to endow an otherwise innocuous human RNA-cleaving enzyme with
toxicity that is specific for cancer cells.[10] Such a ribonuclease is in a human clinical trial as
an anti-cancer agent.
Mechanistic insight on cellular redox homeostasis[11] and on imperatives for the uptake of
cationic proteins and peptides by mammalian cells.[12]
Invention of chemical processes to synthesize proteins[13] and to convert crude biomass into
useful fuels and chemicals,[14] and fluorogenic probes to image the uptake of molecules into
living cells.[15]
Raines serves on the editorial advisory boards of the journals ACS Chemical Biology; Bioconjugate
Chemistry; Current Opinion in Chemical Biology; Peptide Science; Protein Engineering, Design &
Selection; and Protein Science. He was the Chair of the NIH study section that evaluated grant
applications in synthetic and biological chemistry.
Awards and honors

Helen Hay Whitney Fellow
Searle Scholar Award
Presidential Young Investigator Award
Shaw Scientist Award
Pfizer Award in Enzyme Chemistry, ACS
Guggenheim Fellow
AAAS Fellow
Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award, ACS
Emil Thomas Kaiser Award
Fellow, Royal Society of Chemistry
Rao Makineni Lectureship
Welch Lectureship
Repligen Corporation Award in Chemistry of Biological Processes, ACS
Jeremy Knowles Award, RSC
Humboldt Research Award
Ralph F. Hirschmann Award in Peptide Chemistry, ACS
Fellow, National Academy of Inventors
Vincent du Vigneaud Award
Fellow, Royal Society of Biology
Max Bergmann Medal
Member, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Khorana Prize, RSC
Biopolymers Murray Goodman Memorial Prize, ACS
References
1. "2004 ACS NATIONAL AWARD WINNERS" (https://cen.acs.org/articles/82/i6/2004-ACS-NA
TIONAL-AWARD-WINNERS.html) Accessed June 15, 2023. “Ronald T. Raines's love of
chemistry blossomed during the many long afternoons he spent after school as a teenager,
honing his chemistry skills with his teammates on the chemistry team at West Essex (N.J.)
High School.”
2. "North Jersey Section, American Chemical Society" (https://www.njacs.org/education/educat
ion-committee) Accessed October 27, 2023. "Merrill Award."
3. "National Academy of Inventors and American Peptide Society Honor Professor Ronald
Raines" (https://www.chem.wisc.edu/content/national-academy-inventors-and-american-pep
tide-society-honor-professor-ronald-raines).
4. "Givaudan Karrer Lectureships" (https://www.chem.uzh.ch/en/events/special/GivaudanKarre
r.html).
5. Ronald T. Raines (https://academictree.org/chemistry/peopleinfo.php?pid=53479) -
Chemistry Tree
6. Shoulders, M. D.; Raines, R. T. (2009). "Collagen structure and stability" (https://www.ncbi.nl
m.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2846778). Annu. Rev. Biochem. 78: 929–958.
doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.032207.120833 (https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.bioch
em.77.032207.120833). PMC 2846778 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC284
6778). PMID 19344236 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19344236).
7. Newberry, R. W.; Raines, R. T. (2017). "The n→π* interaction" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go
v/pmc/articles/PMC5559721). Acc. Chem. Res. 50 (8): 1838–1846.
doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00121 (https://doi.org/10.1021%2Facs.accounts.7b00121).
PMC 5559721 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5559721). PMID 28735540
(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28735540).
8. Newberry, R. W.; Raines, R. T. (2016). "A prevalent intraresidue hydrogen bond stabilizes
proteins" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5110370). Nat. Chem. Biol. 12
(12): 1084–1088. doi:10.1038/nchembio.2206 (https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnchembio.2206).
9. Newberry, R. W.; Raines, R. T. (2019). "Secondary forces in protein folding" (https://www.nc
bi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6995338). ACS Chem. Biol. 14 (8): 1677–1686.
doi:10.1021/acschembio.9b00339 (https://doi.org/10.1021%2Facschembio.9b00339).
10. Leland, P. A.; Raines, R. T. (2001). "Cancer chemotherapy – Ribonucleases to the rescue"
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2913432). Chem. Biol. 8 (5): 405–413.
doi:10.1016/S1074-5521(01)00030-8 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1074-5521%2801%2900
030-8). PMC 2913432 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2913432).
PMID 11358688 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11358688).
11. Kersteen, E. A.; Raines, R. T. (2003). "Catalysis of protein folding by protein disulfide
isomerase and small-molecule mimics" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2814
249). Antioxid. Redox Signal. 5 (4): 413–424. doi:10.1089/152308603768295159 (https://do
i.org/10.1089%2F152308603768295159). PMC 2814249 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pm
c/articles/PMC2814249). PMID 13678529 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13678529).
12. Fuchs, S. M.; Raines, R. T. (2006). "Internalization of cationic peptides: The road less (or
more?) traveled" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2812862). Cell. Mol. Life
Sci. 63 (16): 1819–1822. doi:10.1007/s00018-006-6170-z (https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs0001
8-006-6170-z). PMC 2812862 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2812862).
PMID 16909213 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16909213).
13. Nilsson, B. L.; Soellner, M. B.; Raines, R. T. (2005). "Chemical synthesis of proteins" (https://
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2845543). Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 34:
91–118. doi:10.1146/annurev.biophys.34.040204.144700 (https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannur
ev.biophys.34.040204.144700). PMC 2845543 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P
MC2845543). PMID 15869385 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15869385).
14. Caes, B. R.; Teixeira, R. E.; Knapp, K. G.; Raines, R. T. (2015). "Biomass to furanics:
Renewable routes to chemicals and fuels". ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 3 (11): 2591–2605.
doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00473 (https://doi.org/10.1021%2Facssuschemeng.5b0047
3).
15. Lavis, L. D.; Raines, R. T. (2008). "Bright ideas for chemical biology" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.n
ih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2802578). ACS Chem. Biol. 3 (3): 142–155.
doi:10.1021/cb700248m (https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fcb700248m). PMC 2802578 (https://w
ww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2802578). PMID 18355003 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.
nih.gov/18355003).
External links
The Raines laboratory website (http://www.raineslab.com/)
Sources
Ronald T. Raines (https://www.linkedin.com/in/rtraines) on LinkedIn
MIT Department of Chemistry (http://chemistry.mit.edu)
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Ronald T.

Professor of Chemistry.[3] In 2009, he was a Visiting

Raines and his coworkers have made the following contributions.

Awards and honors

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ronald_T._Raines&oldid=1260791963"

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