12-D

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Work sheet of Matrices and Determinants

Level – 1
 2 5 19 7 
1. In the matrix  2 3  5 11

 6  4 5 2 
( a ) write the order of the matrix
( b ) The number of elements
( c ) Write the elements a12 , a31 , a33 , a42
2. If a matrix has 15 elements , what are the possible orders it have ?
3. If a matrix has 24elements ,list out all possible orders of that matrix? What, if it has 17
elements ?
4. Construct a 3 x 2 matrix A such that A = aij  where aij = 2i + j

Construct a 3 X 4 matrix A=[a ij] where aij = ( i  j )

2
5.
2
2 2
6. Construct a 2 x 2 matrix ,aij = i + j +7
 3i  2 j
7. Construct a 2 x 3 matrix B = [ bij ] whose elements bij are given by bij =
5
i  j , i  j
8. Construct a 3 x 2 matrix A such that A = aij  where aij = 
i  j , i  j
i
9. Write a 2 x 2 matrix whose general term is given by aij =   whete [ x ] denote
 j
greatest integer function
i
10. Construct a 4 x 3 matrix A = [ aij ], where aij = 2i 
j
3 2 1 3 2 1
11. Find x , y and z if x y 5 =  1 0 5
  
   
1  1 4  1  1 z 
2 x  1  3 
12 Find x and y if   
 5   x  y

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 a  4 3b   2a  2 b 2  2 
13. Find a and b if A = B where A =  and B =  
 8  6  8 b2  10
5 2  1 2 8 3
14. Find A + B and A – B if A =   and B =  4 5 9
6 4  2   
2  1 1 4 
15. If A = 
1 
,B= 7 2 , Find 2A + 3B and 3A – 2B
3  
1 3  y 0 5 6
16. Find x and y if 2    1 2 = 1 8
0 x     
 2  2 8 0 
17. 
If A = 4 
2  and B = 4  2 , find X such that 2A + 3X = 5 B

 5 1  3 6 
  1 0 2 0  2 5  5 2  1 
18. A= 
1 4
,B= 1 3  2 , C = 6 4  2 compute 2A – 3B + 4C
3    
 x2  x  2
19. Solve the matrix equation  2  - 3   =  
y  2 y    9 
7 0  3 0
20. Find X and Y if X + Y =   and X - Y = 0 3
 2 5  
 x  y  z  9
   
21. Find x , y , z if  x  z    5  ,
 y  z  7
   
 2 3 2  2
22. Find X and Y if 2X + 3Y =   and 3X + 2Y =  1
 4 0  5 
1 2 1 2 3
23. If A =   and B = 2 3 1 find AB and BA
  2 3  
 a 0 1 0
24. If A =   and B =   find a so that A2 = B
 1 1 5 1
 2
25. Evaluate 41 2 3
 
6
 cos  sin  
26. If A =  Show that A . A = A+
 sin  cos  
1 0 2   2 
27. Evaluate [ 1 2 3 ] 2 0 1  4
  
0 1 2 6 
28. If f( x ) = 3x2 – 9x + 7 , find f( A )?
1 0   x
29. Find x if x 1    = 0
 2  3 3
30. Given an example of two non zero matrices A and B such that AB = 0 ?

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 3  5
31. If A =   , Find the value of A2 - 5A - 14 I ?
 4 2
32. If A is a m x n matrix such that AB and BA are both defined , then write the order of
matrix B ?
1 2 0 0
33. For what values of x , 1 2 12 0 1 2 = 0
  
1 0 2  x 
34. Find the number of all possible matrices of order 3 x 3 with each entry 0 or 1 ?
 2 1
35. If f(x) = 2x2 – 3x , find f(A) if A = 
 0 3
  2 3  1 0
36. If A’ =   and B =   , then find ( A + 2B)’
1 2  1 2
 1  1
 2 1 3  
37. If A =   and B =  0 3  Verify that (AB)T = BTAT
 4 1 0 5 8 
 
4 2  1
38. Express 3 5 7  as the sum of two matrices of which one is symmetric and other
 
1 2  1
skew symmetric
39. For the matrix A , prove that A + AT is a symmetric matrix

40. For the matrix A , prove that A - AT is a skew-symmetric matrix

41. Name a matrix which is both symmetric as well as skew symmetric
0 a  3
42. If the matrix A = 2 0  1 is skew symmetric , find a and b
 
b 1 0 
43. Evaluate the determinant of following matrices
 0 sin   cos    1 2 5
 3  5 cos x  sin x 
a)   b)   c)   sin  0 sin   d)  2 3 1
 8 9   sin x cos x    
 cos   sin  0   1 1 1
5  x x  1
44. For what value of x , the matrix  is singular ?
 2 4 
1 0 1
45. If A = 0 1 2 , prove that 3 A  27 A
 
0 0 4
46. If A is a 3 x 3 matrix and if A  = 4 and  B  = 5 , find  2AB 
47. For any 2 x 2 matrix A ,A = 5 , find  kA  ?
48. If A is a square matrix of order 3 such that  adj A  = 100 , find A
49. What is the value of 3I3 where I3 is the identity matrix of order 3 ?
50. A square matrix A is of order 3 , and has A = 5 , find  A adj. A 

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 1  3 2 
51. Find the minors and cofactors for A = 4 7 8 
 
8  3  1
52. A is a square matrix of order 3 and  A  = 7 , write the value of  adj . A  = 49
2  1
53. Write the adjoint of the following matrix  
4 3 
1 2
54. If A =   , verify that A ( adj. A ) = ( adj . A ) A = │ A │I2 .
3 4
1 1 1 
55. Find the adjoint of A if A =  2 1  3
 
 1 2 3 
2  1
56. Find the inverse of the matrix  .
 3 2 
57. Find the area of a triangle with vertices (5 , 4 ) , ( -2, 4 ) and ( 2 , -6 )
58. Prove that the points ( a, b + c ) , ( b, c + a ) , ( c , a + b ) are collinear
59. Using determinants , find the equation of the line joining the points ( 1 , 2 )&(3,6 )
60. Find the value of x , if area of triangle is 35 sq.units with vertices ( x , 4 ) , (2 , -6 ) and (5
,4)
61. Using matrices , solve the following system of equations :
x + y + z = 6 , x + 2z = 7 , 3x + y + z = 12
62. Using matrices , solve the system of equations
x + 2y – 3z = -4
2x + 3y + 2z = 2
3x – 3y – 4z = 11
63. Solve by using matrix method x – y + 2z = 7, 3x + 4y – 5z = -5 , 2x – y + 3z = 12
2  3 5 
64. If A = 3 2  4 , find A-1 and then solve the system of equations
 
1 1  2
2x – 3y + 5z = 11 , 3x + 2y – 4z = -5 , x + y – 2z = -3

Level – II
 
 tan cos   sin  
65.
 0
Let A =  2  , show that I + A = ( I - A ) 
   sin  cos  
 tan 0  
 2 
 cos 2 x cos x sin x  cos 2 y cos y sin y 
70 If A =   ,B=   , show that AB is a zero
cos x sin x sin 2 x  cos y sin y sin 2 y 
matrix if x and y differ by an odd multiple of /2
.

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  1 3 5
71. 
If A = 1  3  5 , verify that A2 = A
 
 1 3 5 
72. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A , prove that ( I + A )3 – 7A = I
 3  2 1 0
 , I = 0 1 , then find k such that A = kA – 2I
2
73. If A = 
 4  2   
74. Show that every square matrices can be expressed as the sum of two matrices , of which
one is symmetric and other is skew-symmetric?
75. If A and B are symmetric matrices of same order , prove that AB + BA is symmetric
and AB - BA is a skew-symmetric matrix?
76. Prove that the principal diagonal elements of a skew symmetric matrix are all zero

77. If B is a skew symmetric matrix , prove that ( ABAT) is a skew symmetric matrix ?
78. If A is a 3 x 4 matrix and B is a matrix such that A’B and BA’ are both defined , find the
order of B ?
79. If A = [ 1 2 3 ] , write AAT
1 
80. Let A =   then find AAT.
0 
x2 x 1
81. Find the integral value of x if 0 2 1  28
3 1 4
log 3 512 log 4 3
82. Evaluate the determinant
log 3 8 log 4 9
2 x 3 16 3
83 What positive value of x that makes the pair of determinants equal ,
5 x 5 2
1  1 2 
84. Find the inverse of the matrix 0 2  3 .
 
3  2 4 
a b 
85. Find the inverse of  1  bc 
 c a 
 3 2 6 7 
86. Prove that ( AB )-1 = B-1 . A-1, where A =   and B = 8 9
7 5   
 3 1
87. If A =   , show that A2 – 5A + 7I = 0 and find A-1
  1 2
 2 1 1 
88. Show that A =  1 2  1 satisfies the equation A3 – 6A2 + 9A – 4I = 0 . Hence
 
 1  1 2 
find A-1

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 5 3
89. Show that A =   satisfies the equation x2 – 3x – 7 = 0 , thus find A-1 ?
  1  2
90. If A and B are invertible matrices of order n , then show that AB is also invertible
and (AB) –1 = B-1 A-1
3 1  4 0
91. If A =   and B =   , verify that (AB)-1 = B-1A-1 .
 4 0  2 5
 1 tan x cos 2 x  sin 2 x 
92. If A =  , show that A’A-1 =
 tan x 1   sin 2 x cos 2 x 
 
93. If A is a square matrix such that A3 = I . Prove that A is non – singular and prove that
A-1 = A2 .

2 3 4 20 2 34 
94. 
Find the product A = 5 4  6 , B = 8 16  32 . Use it to solve the system of
  
3  2  2 22  13 7 
2 3 4 5 4 6 3 2 2
equations    3 ,    4 ,    6
x y z x y z x y z
1  1 2   2 0 1 
95. Use the product 0 2  3 ,  9 2  3 to solve the system of equations x – y + 2z
   
3  2 4   6 1  2
= 1 , 2y – 3z = 1 , 3x – 2y + 4z = 2
2 1   3 2 1 2
96. Find the matrix P satisfying the matrix equation   P  5  3  2  1
 3 2    
97. The cost of 4 kg onion , 3 kg wheat and 2 kg rice is Rs. 60 . The cost of 2 kg onion , 4 kg
wheat and 6 kg rice is Rs. 90 . The cost of 6 kg onion , 2 kg wheat and 3 kg rice is Rs.
70 . Find cost of each item per kg by matrix method ?

98. Using matrix method , solve the following system of equations

( a ) x + 2y + z = 11 ( b ) 2x + 3y + 5z = 15
x + 3z = 11 3x + 5y + 2z = 12
2x – 3y = 1 . 5x + 2y + 3z = 13
2 3 10 4 6 5 6 9 20
(c)    4 ,   1 ,   2
x y z x y z x y z
1 2  3
99. Find A , if A = 2 3
-1
2  and hence solve the equations

3  3 4 
x + 2y – 3z = -4
2x + 3y + 2z = 2
3x – 3y – 4z = 11

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  1  1 0  2 2  4
   
100. If A =  2 3 4  and B =   4 2  4  are two square matrices , verify that AB = BA
 0 1 2  2 1 5 
   
= 6I3 and hence solve x – y = 3, 2x + 3y + 4z = 17,y + 2z = 7
 1 2 5
101. Find A -1
, where A =  2  3 1 . Hence solve the equations :-
 
 1 1 1
-x + 2y + 5z = 2 ; 2x – 3y + z = 15 ; -x + y + z = -3

Level – III

 Properties of Determinants.

( a ) det (In) = 1, where In is identity matrix of order n.

( b ) Let A be a square matrix of order n then the sum of products of elements of a

row (orcolumn) with their corresponding cofactors. = det A .

( c ) If A and B are square matrices of same order , then det (AB) = det A det B

( d ) The value of a determinant remain unaltered if its rows and columns are
interchanged i.e det A = det A'

( e ) If two rows ( or columns ) are interchanged , the value of the determinant

changes its sign

( f ) If two rows ( or columns ) of a determinant are identical , then the value of the
determinant is zero

( g )If each element of a row ( or column) is multiplied by the same number , then
the value of the determinant is also multiplied by that number

( h ) If A is a square matrix of order n and  is any scalar , then det ( n) =n det A

( i ) If each element in any row (or column)of a determinant consists of two terms ,
then the determinant can be expressed as the sum of two determinants

x a xa
1. Without expanding , prove that y b yb  0
z c zc
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 1 a bc
2. Using properties of determinants , prove that 1 b c  a  0
1 c ab
1 a a2
Prove that 1 b b  a  b b  c c  a 
2
3.
1 c c2
1 1 1
4. Prove that a b c = (a-b)(b-c)(c-a)(a+b+c)
a3 b3 c3
ab a  b 1
5. Using properties of determinants , prove that bc b  c 1 =(a – b ) ( b – c ) ( c – a )
ca c  a 1
a  b  2c a b
6. Prove that c b  c  2a b = 2(a+b+c)3
c a c  a  2b
a  b  nc na  a nb  b
7. Prove that nc  c b  c  na nb  b = n ( a + b + c )3 .
nc  c na  a c  a  nb
 a2 ab ac
8. Prove that ab  b2 bc  4a 2 b 2 c 2
ac bc  c2
a bc 2a 2a
9. Prove that 2b bca 2b = (a +b+c )3
2c 2c cab
x  4 2x 2x
2 x x  4 2 x  5 x  44  x 
2
10. Prove that
2x 2x x  4
3a ab ac
11. Prove that  b  a 3b  b  c = 3( a + b + c )( ab + bc + ca )
ca cb 3c
a ab abc
12. Show that 2a 3a  2b 4a  3b  2c  a 3
3a 6a  3b 10a  6b  3c
x y x x
13. Show that 5 x  4 y 4 x 2 x = x3 .
10 x  8 y 8 x 3x
log a p 1
14. If a , b , c are the pth , qth , rth terms of a G.P. , prove that log b q 1 0
log c r 1
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 a 2 2ab b 2
15. Prove that b
2
a 2 2ab  a 3  b 3  2

2ab b 2 a2

x x2 1  x3
16. If x , y , z are all different and , y y 2 1  y 3  0 Show that xyz = -1
z z2 1 z3

a2 bc ac  c 2
Prove that a  ab
2
17. b2 ac = 4a2b2c2
ab b 2  bc c2
x y z
18. Prove that x2 y2 z 2 = ( y – z ) ( z – x ) (x – y ) ( yz + zx + xy )
yz xz xy
x 1 x2 xa
19. If a , b , c are in A.P. prove that x  2 x3 xb = 0
x3 x4 xc
1 a 1 1
Prove that 1 1  b  1 1 1
20. 1  abc 1    
 a b c
1 1 1 c
b2  c2 ab ac
21. Prove by using properties of determinants , ba c2  a2 bc  4a 2 b 2 c 2
ac bc a2  b2

(b  c) 2 a2 a2
22. Prove that b2 (c  a ) 2 b 2 = 2 abc( a + b + c )3
c2 c2 ( a  b) 2
bc ca ab a b c
23. Prove that q  r r  p pq = 2 p q r
yz zx x y x y z
1  a2  b2 2ab  2b
24. Show that 2ab 1 a2  b2 2a = ( 1 + a2 + b2 )3 .
2b  2a 1  a2  b2

a a2 bc
2
25. Prove that b b ac = ( a – b ) ( b – c ) ( c – a ) ( ab + bc + ca )
c c2 ab
a bc ca
26. Show that a  c b c  a = ( a + b + c ) ( a2 + b2 + c2 )
ab ba c
.

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 x2 x3 x  2a
27. If a , b , c are in A.P. then prove that the value of x  3 x4 x  2b = 0
x4 x5 x  2c

Objective Questions
1. If A and B are two matrices of order 3 x m and 3 x n respectively and m = n , then
order of 5A – 2B is
a) m x 3 b) 3 x 3 c) m x n d) 3 x n
0 1  2
2. If A =   then A is
1 0 
0 1  1 0 0 1 1 0
a)   b)   c)   d)  
1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 
2 m  3
3. If A = 0 2 5  then A-1 exists if
1 1 3 
a)2 b)  2 c)  -2 d)none of
these
4. If A is a matrix of order 3 x 3 , then the number of minors of A are
a)3 b)9 c)27 d)81
2 x  y 4 x   7 7 y  13
5. 5 x  7 4 x  =  y then the value of x + y is
   x  6 
a) 4 b)5 c)6 d)7
1 2 5
6. There are two values of a which makes the determinant 2 a  1  86 , then the
0 4 2a
sum of these values is
a)4 b)5 c)-4 d)9
7. …………….matrix is both symmetric and skew symmetric
8. If for matrix A , A  = 5 , find  4A where A is a matrix of order 2 x 2
9. Show by an example of two matrices A 0 , B  0 but AB = 0
0 5 8 
10. 
The matrix  5 0 12 is a
 8  12 0 
a) diagonal matrix b) symmetric matrix c) skew symmetric matrix
d)scalar
 5 10 3
11. The matrix  2  4 6 is a singular matrix , then b is
  1  2 b
a) -3 b)3 c)0 d)any real number

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12. A is a matrix of order 3x 3 such that  A  = 2 then the value of  adj adj A  is
a) – 16 b) 16 c)0 d) 2
13. A matrix which is nota square matrix is called ……… matrix
14. If A and B are skew symmetric matrices then AB – BA is a …….
15. If A is a square matrix , then A + AT is a …… matrix and A – AT is a ………
matrix
i  2 j 2
16. Given a 2 x 2 matrix , A=[ aij ] where aij = then a21 is
3
a)0 b) 1/3 c)3 d)2/3
17. If A is a symmetric matrix then A is a ……matrix
3

18. If for matrix A , A  = 5 then find  4A where A is of order 2 x 2

p q
19. The adjoint of the matrix A =  is
r s 
 s  q s q  0 0 
a)  b)  c)  d) none of these
 r p  
r  p 

0 q 
1 a bc
20. The value of 1 b c  a is
1 c ab
a) 1 b) 0 c) a + b d) a – b
 cos  sin  
21. If A =   , then for any natural number n , the value of det ( A ‘ ) is …
 sin  cos  
22. If a matrix has 5 elements , write all possible orders it can have
3x  2 y 5  3 5
23. If   =  , find the value of y
 x  2   3  2
24. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = I , then ( A – I )3 + ( A + I )3 – 7A is
a) A b) I –A c) I + A d) 3A
25. Sum of two skew symmetric matrix is always ……..matrix
102 18 36
26. Write the value of the determinant 1 3 4
17 3 6
2 m  3
27. If A = 0 2 5  and A-1exists , then find the value of m
1 1 3 

28. If A is a 3 x 3 invertible matrix then what will be value of k if  A-1 =  Ak

29. If A is a matrix of order m x n and B is a matrix such that AB’ and BA’ are both
defined , then the order of B is
a) n x m b) n x n c) n x m d) m x n
30. For any matrices , we have
a) AB = BA b) AB  BA C) AB = 0 d) none of these
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31. The sum of product of elements of any row with the cofactors of corresponding
elements is equal to ……
32. Write a square matrix of order two , which is both symmetric and skew symmetric
0 0 4
33. The matrix P = 0 4 0 is a
4 0 0
a) square matrix b) Diagonal matrix c) Unit matrix d)
none
 2 7 4
34. The trace of the matrix 0  3 2 is ….
4 7 9
35. Father of matrix theory is ……
36. The negative of a matrix is obtained by multiplying it by ……
37. If A and B are square matrices of same order , then ( AB )’ = ….
 0 xa x  b
38. f( x ) =  x  a 0 x  c  then
 x  b xc 0 
a) f( a ) =0 ( b ) f( b ) = 0 c) f( 0 ) = 0 d) f(
1)=0

Assertion - Reason type questions

Each of the following questions contain two statements. Statement – I ( Assertion ) and
Statement – II ( reason ). Each of these questions also have four alternative choices , only
one of which is the correct answer . You have to selected the correct choice
( A ) Statement – I is true , Statement – II is true . Statement – II is correct explanation of
Statement-I
( B ) Statement – I is true , Statement – II is true . Statement – II is not correct
explanation of Statement-I
(C ) Statement – I is true , Statement – II is false
( D ) Statement – I is false , Statement – II is true

1. Let A be a 2 x 2 matrix

Assertion ( A ) : adj ( adj A) = A

Reason ( R ) : adj A =  A 

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 2 𝑘 −3
2. Assertion ( A ) :A = (0 2 5 ) is invertible if 8 = -8/5
1 1 3
Reason ( R ) : A is invertible if A 0

3. Let A and B be two square matrices of order n

Assertion ( A ) : If A and B are square matrices of order 3 such that A= -1 and
B= 3 then 3AB= -81
Reason ( R ) : AB = A B ; kA= k3Aif A is of order 3 x 3

Case-study questions
1. Two farmers Anil and Rajesh cultivate only three varities of rice namely Basmati ,
Permal and Naura. The sale in rupees of these varities by both farmers on the month of
may and june are given below by the following matrices A and B

May sales
. Basmati Permal Naura
10000 20000 30000  Anil
A= 50000
 30000 10000 Rajesh

June sales
. Basmati Permal Naura
 5000 10000 6000  Anil
B= 20000
 10000 10000 Rajesh

Find what were the combined sales in may and june for each farmer in each variety
Find change in sales from may to june

2. There are three families. Family A consists of 2 men ,3 women and 1 child . Family B
consists of 2 men , 1 women and 3 children . Family C has 4 men , 2 women and 6
children . Daily income of men and women are Rs. 65 and 42 respectively and children
have no income . Calculate the daily income of each family .

3. Asok , Ramesh and Ravi are friends . Ashok need 5 note books , 3 pen and 2 pencils .
Ramesh needs 7 note books , 5 pen and a pencil . Ravi needs 4 note books , 2 pen and 5
pencils . They require the prices in three shops A , B and C . In shops Rs.12 for a note
book , Rs.8 for a pen and Rs.2 for a pencil . In shop B , the respective process are Rs.11
, Rs.9 and Rs.3 . In shop C , it is Rs. 15 , Rs.6 and Rs.4 respectively . Express the above
information into two matrices P and Q . Find PQ and thus prepare an estimate

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4. A trust fund has Rs.30,000 that must be invested in two different types of bonds. The
first bond pays 5% interest per year and the second bond pays 7% per year . Using matrix
multiplication determine how to divide Rs.30,000 among the two bonds if the trust fund
must obtain an annual total interest of Rs.1800
5. A typist charges Rs. 145 for typing 10 English and 3 Hindi pages , while he charges Rs.
180 for typing 3 English and 10 Hindi pages . How ever he charges only Rs. 2 per page
from poor students for 5 Hindi pages.. Let charges of typing one English Page is Rs.x
and for Hindi is Rs.y
Read above passage and answer following questions
( a ) Find the corresponding equations given by the above data
( b ) Find the coefficient matrix A corresponding to the data
OR
Find A
( c ) Find A-1

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