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    PLURAL-FORM-of-REGULAR-and-IRREGULAR-NOUNS

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    Matet Mataquel
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    PLURAL-FORM-of-REGULAR-and-IRREGULAR-NOUNS

    Uploaded by

    Matet Mataquel
    12 views4 pages
    English lesson

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    English lesson

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    12 views4 pages

    PLURAL-FORM-of-REGULAR-and-IRREGULAR-NOUNS

    Uploaded by

    Matet Mataquel
    English lesson

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    NOUNS

    A noun is a word that refers to or names a person (mother), a thing


    (dictionary), an animal (cat), a place (market), an event (Christmas), or an
    idea (justice).
    A singular noun is a noun that refers to only one person, place, thing, animal,
    event or idea.
    A plural noun refers to more than one person, place, thing, animal, event or
    idea.

    Regular Plural Nouns


    Rules in Forming the Plural of Regular Nouns:
    1. Add -s to most regular nouns
    For most regular English nouns, you simply add the letter -s to the noun.
    Here are a few common examples:
    Singular form Plural form

    dog Dogs
    car Cars
    apple Apples
    mouth Mouths
    photograph Photographs
    photo Photos
    piano Pianos
    giraffe Giraffes
    lemon Lemons

    2. For most nouns ending with the letter -o, you have to add -es after the
    noun instead of -s.
    Singular form Plural form

    Potato Potatoes
    Tomato Tomatoes
    Hero Heroes
    Cargo Cargoes

    3. Add -es to nouns ending in -o, -s, -x, -z, -sh or -ch
    When the noun ends with -s, -x, -z, -sh or -ch, simply add -es after the
    noun.
    Singular form Plural form

    Bus Buses
    Box Boxes
    Buzz Buzzes
    Wish Wishes
    Watch Watches
    Clash Clashes
    4. Add -s to nouns that end with vowel + y
    If a vowel comes before the letter -y, simply add -s after the noun.
    Singular form Plural form

    journey Journeys
    day Days
    way Ways
    monkey Monkeys
    Toy Toys
    guy Guys

    5. Change the ending to -es for nouns ending in -is


    For nouns ending in -is, drop the -is and then add -es.
    Examples:
    Singular form Plural form

    axis Axes
    oasis Oases
    crisis Crises

    6. Change the ending to -ves for nouns ending in -f or -fe


    For some nouns ending with -f or -fe, you change the F to V and then add -
    es.
    Here are a few common examples:
    Singular form Plural form

    Elf elves
    calf calves
    leaf leaves
    knife knives
    scarf scarves
    thief thieves
    wife Wives

    Exceptions: handkerchief – handkerchiefs roof – roofs


    7. Change the ending to -ies for nouns ending in consonant + y
    For nouns ending with a consonant + y, the general rule is to drop the -y
    and add -ies after the noun.
    Singular form Plural form

    fairy fairies
    candy candies
    Sky skies
    library libraries
    memory memories
    Singular form Plural form

    8. Change the ending to -i for nouns ending in -us


    For nouns ending in -us, drop -us and add -i at the end of the word.
    A few common examples are:
    Singular form Plural form

    cactus cacti
    fungus fungi
    stimulus stimuli

    9. Change the ending to -a for certain nouns ending in -on


    You probably won’t encounter this class of nouns very often, but it’s still
    important to know where you might need to use these words:
    Singular form Plural form

    criterion criteria
    phenomenon phenomena

    Irregular Plural Nouns


    Irregular nouns don’t follow the standard rules in forming their plural.
    They form their plural by changing their spelling in different ways.
    Common Examples of Irregular Nouns:
    Singular form Plural form

    child children (not "childs")


    mouse mice (not "mouses")
    man men (not "mans")
    woman women (not "womans")
    ox oxen (not "oxes")

    Nouns with the same plural and singular forms


    There are some words that are exactly the same in their singular and
    plural forms.
    Some common examples are below. You might notice that a lot of these
    words have to do with biology or animals.
    Singular form Plural form

    sheep sheep
    deer deer
    fish fish
    species species
    cattle cattle
    fruit fruit

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