CDM-625-EN Advanced Satellite Modem

Satellite Modems

Overview Typical Users

The CDM-625-EN Advanced Satellite Modem builds on Comtech EF Data’s • Mobile Network Operators
legacy of providing the most efficient satellite modems for IP-centric • Telecom Operators
applications that require data encryption. It is the first modem to combine • Satellite Service Providers
advanced Forward Error Correction (FEC) such as VersaFEC and Low • Government & Military
Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes with the revolutionary DoubleTalk • Enterprise
Carrier-in-Carrier bandwidth compression, allowing for maximum savings • Offshore
under all conditions. This combination of advanced technologies enables
Common Applications
multi-dimensional optimization, allowing satellite communications users to:
• Minimize operating expenses (OPEX) • Mobile Backhaul
• Maximize throughput without using additional transponder resources • G.703 Trunking
• Maximize availability (margin) without using additional transponder • IP Trunking
resources • Offshore & Maritime Communications
• Minimize capital expenses (CAPEX) by allowing a smaller BUC/HPA • Enterprise
and/or antenna • Communications on-the-Move
• Or, a combination to meet specific business needs • Satellite News Gathering
Features
• DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier bandwidth compression • 4-port Managed Ethernet Switch with VLAN and QoS
• Carrier-in-Carrier Automatic Power Control • Sub Mux to multiplex IP/Ethernet traffic with serial or G.703
• Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) traffic
• Packet Processor with header compression, payload • Drop & Insert for T1/E1
compression, advanced Quality of Service (QoS) and Managed • Enhanced D&I++ for Single T1/E1 & Quad E1
Switch Mode • Management: 10/100Base-T Ethernet with SNMP, Distant End
• AES Data Encryption for IP traffic (Packet Processor) SNMP Proxy, HTTP, Telnet and EIA-232/EIA-485
• Dual Band Capability: 70/140 MHz and L-Band in same unit, • Carrier ID using MetaCarrier Technology
®

extended L-Band receive • Embedded Distant-end Monitor and Control (EDMAC)

• Data Rate: 18 kbps to 25 Mbps • Automatic Uplink Power Control (AUPC)
• Symbol Rate: 18 ksps to 12.5 Msps • Standard high-stability internal reference
• Modulation: BPSK, QPSK/OQPSK, 8PSK/8-QAM, 16-QAM -8
(± 6 x 10 )
• FEC: Viterbi, Sequential, Concatenated Reed Solomon, TCM, • 5-tap Adaptive Equalizer
Turbo Product Code (TPC) (IESS-315 Compliant), LDPC Code • L-Band TX: 10 MHz reference for BUC, FSK communications
and VersaFEC (low-latency LDPC) and optional BUC power supply
• Widest Range of Data Interfaces: 4-port 10/100Base-T • L-Band: Advanced FSK for LPOD M&C
Ethernet, EIA-422/530, V.35, G.703 T1, G.703 E1, G.703 T2, • L-Band RX: 10 MHz reference and LNB power supply
G.703 E2, Quad G.703 E1, ASI, LVDS, HSSI • Redundancy switches available
Doubletalk Carrier-In-Carrier
DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier, based on patented “Adaptive Cancellation” technology, allows transmit and receive carriers of a duplex
link to share the same transponder space. DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier is complementary to all advances in modem technology,
including advanced FEC and modulation techniques. As these technologies approach theoretical limits of power and bandwidth
efficiencies, DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier utilizing advanced signal processing techniques provides a new dimension in bandwidth
efficiency.

www.comtechefdata.com
Figure 1 shows the typical full duplex satellite link, where the two carriers are adjacent to each other.

Figure 2 shows the typical DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier operation, where the two carriers are overlapping, thus sharing the same
spectrum.

Figure 1: Traditional Full Duplex Link Figure 2: Duplex Link with DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier

When observed on a spectrum analyzer, only the Composite is visible. Carrier 1 and Carrier 2 are shown in Figure 2 for reference only.

As DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier allows equivalent spectral efficiency using a lower order modulation and/or code rate, it can
simultaneously reduce CAPEX by allowing a smaller BUC/HPA and/or antenna. Alternatively, DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier can be used
to achieve very high spectral efficiencies E.g., DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier when used with 16-QAM approaches the bandwidth
efficiency of 256-QAM (8 bps/Hz).

When combined with VersaFEC or LDPC/TPC, it can provide unprecedented savings in transponder bandwidth and power utilization.
This allows for its successful deployment in bandwidth-limited and power-limited scenarios, as well as reduction in earth station
BUC/HPA power requirements.

Carrier-in-Carrier® is a Registered Trademark of Comtech EF Data

DoubleTalk® is a Registered Trademark of Raytheon Applied Signal Technology
VersaFEC is a Registered Trademark of Comtech EF Data
Carrier-in-Carrier Automatic Power Control (CnC-APC)
The patent-pending Carrier-in-Carrier Automatic Power Control (CnC-APC) mechanism enables modems on both sides of a CnC link to
automatically measure and compensate for rain loss while maintaining the Total Composite Power. In addition to automatically
compensating for rain loss, CnC-APC also enables the modems to share link margin, i.e. a modem in clear sky conditions can
effectively transfer excess link margin to a distant end modem experiencing fade, thereby further enhancing overall availability.
VersaFEC Forward Error Correction
CDM-625-EN offers VersaFEC, a patent-pending system of high performance short-block low-latency LDPC codes designed to support
latency-sensitive applications, such as cellular backhaul over satellite. VersaFEC provides excellent coding gain with lowest possible
latency. VersaFEC’s Eb/No performance is similar to that of DVB-S2 (short block) or LDPC (16k block) with 70-90% lower latency.
Compared to TPC, VersaFEC can provide coding gain of 1.0 dB or more.

The new Ultra Low Latency (ULL) codes provide even lower latency compared to standard VersaFEC codes.
Adaptive Coding & Modulation (ACM)
Satellite users have traditionally relied on worst case link margin to overcome rain fade which leads to significant inefficiencies. ACM
converts the fade margin into increased throughput – gain of 100% or more is possible. ACM maximizes throughput under all conditions
– rain fade, inclined orbit satellite operation, antenna mis-pointing, noise, interference and other impairments. ACM can also be used
with DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier.
Low Density Parity Check Codes (LDPC) & Turbo Product Codes (TPC)
nd
CDM-625-EN offers an integrated LDPC and 2 Generation TPC codec. LDPC is an advanced Forward Error Correction technique
capable of providing performance much closer to Shannon limit. The current LDPC implementation can provide 0.7 to 1.2 dB additional
coding gain compared to an equivalent TPC code.

In order to take full advantage of the increased coding gain provided by LDPC, Comtech EF Data has developed a patented 8-QAM
modulation that allows for acquisition and tracking at much lower Eb/No compared to 8PSK.
Dual Band Capability
CDM-625-EN supports 70/140 MHz and L-Band capability in the same unit with independently selectable transmit and receive IF. This
simplifies sparing and stocking in networks requiring 70/140 MHz and L-Band units.
4-Port Managed Ethernet Switch with VLAN & QoS
CDM-625-EN incorporates a 4-port 10/100Base-T managed Ethernet switch with VLAN capability and priority-based Quality of Service.
Access (Native) Mode and Trunk Mode are supported. Traffic can be prioritized using port-based priority or VLAN priority. The
maximum Ethernet frame size with Rev 2 HW is 2048 bytes.
Packet Processor
The Packet Processor enables efficient IP networking and transport over satellite by adding routing capability with very low overhead
encapsulation, header compression, payload compression and Quality of Service to the CDM-625. The advanced QoS combined with
header and payload compression ensures the highest quality of service with minimal jitter and latency for real-time traffic, priority
treatment of mission critical applications and maximum bandwidth efficiency.

Packet processor also supports AES data encryption.

Header Compression
The Packet Processor incorporates industry-leading header compression for IP traffic. Header compression can reduce the 40 byte
IP/UDP/RTP header to as little as 1 byte. For TCP/IP, the 40 byte header is reduced to as little as 3 bytes. For applications such as
VoIP, header compression can provide bandwidth savings exceeding 60%. E.g. the 8 kbps G.729 voice codec requires 24 kbps of IP
bandwidth once encapsulated into an IP/UDP/RTP datagram. With header compression, the same voice call needs about 8.5 kbps – a
saving of almost 65%. And, bandwidth requirements for typical Web/HTTP traffic can be reduced by 10% or more with TCP/IP header
compression.

Payload Compression
The Packet Processor incorporates industry-leading payload compression for IP traffic. Implemented in the hardware for maximum
throughput and efficiency, payload compression can reduce the required satellite bandwidth by as much as 40-50%.

Streamline Encapsulation (SLE)

The Packet Processor incorporates Comtech EF Data’s patent-pending very low overhead Streamline Encapsulation (SLE). SLE can
reduce the encapsulation overhead by as much as 65% compared to industry standard HDLC.

Advanced Quality of Service (QoS)

The Packet Processor incorporates multi-level QoS to ensure the highest quality service with minimal jitter and latency for real-time
traffic, priority treatment of mission critical applications and maximum bandwidth efficiency.

Supported modes are:

• DiffServ – Industry-standard method of providing QoS enabling seamless co-existence in networks that implement DiffServ
• Max/Priority – Provides multi-level traffic prioritization with the ability to limit maximum traffic per priority class
• Min/Max – Provides a Committed Information Rate (CIR) to each user defined class of traffic with the ability to allow a higher
burstable rate depending on availability

Managed Switch Mode

Managed switch modem enables layer 2 operation with the Packet Processor. This provides significant bandwidth savings for layer 2
operation with very low overhead Streamline Encapsulation, header compression and payload compression.
AES Data Encryption
Configurable on a per route basis, the modem supports AES data encryption for transmission security to prevent unauthorized access
to data transmitted over the satellite link. AES data encryption is only available for IP traffic processed by the Packet Processor.
Quad E1 Interface (QDI) with Enhanced D&I++
The CDM-625-EN supports a Quad E1 interface that can aggregate up to four full or fractional E1s into a single carrier, with very low
overhead. This provides significant CAPEX savings by reducing the number of modems and could possibly reduce the BUC/HPA size
by eliminating the multi-carrier backoff. A proprietary, closed network drop & insert (D&I++) allows for dropping or inserting any
combination of 1 to 31 time slots on each E1. D&I++ is supported for E1-CCS only.
IP Sub Multiplexer
The IP sub mux allows multiplexing IP/Ethernet traffic with serial or G.703 traffic into a single carrier. This is particularly useful for
cellular backhaul when both E1 and IP backhaul is required. This reduces the number of modems and could possibly reduce the
BUC/HPA size by eliminating the multi-carrier backoff. The IP sub mux ratio ranges from 9:1 (IP data rate is 9 times that of the serial or
G.703 data rate) to as low as 1:59.
EDMAC & AUPC
The CDM-625-EN supports EDMAC, EDMAC-2, EDMAC-3 and AUPC. EDMAC/EDMAC-2/EDMAC-3 can be used to monitor and
control the distant end of a satellite link using a proprietary overhead channel. EDMAC-3 is also used for SNMP management of the
distant end modem. AUPC enables automatic uplink power control for a duplex link.
Management & SNMP Proxy
The modem can be managed via the front panel, the remote M&C port (EIA-232/EIA-485), or the 10/100Base-T Ethernet port. With
support for SNMP, HTTP and Telnet, the modem can be easily integrated into an IP-based management system.

The CDM-625-EN can also act as SNMP proxy for the distant end modem. This allows distant end modem management using SNMP
without requiring an end-to-end IP link.
Advanced FSK for LPOD Monitoring & Control
The Advanced FSK allows for monitoring and control of LPOD through modem front panel menus, serial remote control and Telnet
Feature Enhancements
Enhancing the capability of the CDM-625-EN in the field is easy. Features that do not require additional hardware can be added on site,
using FAST access codes purchased from Comtech EF Data.
Specifications Data Interfaces
Data Rate 18 kbps to 25 Mbps, in 1 bps steps EIA-422/-530 DCE , Up to 14 Mbps
25-pin D-sub (female)
(modulation, FEC & data interface dependant) V.35 DCE , Up to 14 Mbps
Symbol Rate 18 ksps to 12.5 Msps LVDS Serial , Up to 25 Mbps
25-pin D-sub (female)
Operating 50 – 180 MHz (standard) and HSSI Serial , Up to 25 Mbps
Frequency 950 – 2000 MHz (TX) & 950 – 2150 MHz (RX) G.703 T1, 1.544 Mbps
(Option), (Note: extended L-Band receive (Balanced 100 Ω)
supported on modems shipped since January G.703 T2, 6.312 Mbps
2013) (Unbalanced 75 Ω or balanced
9-pin D-sub (female)
100 Hz resolution, independent TX and RX 110 Ω)
operation or
G.703 E1, 2.048 Mbps
BNC (female)
Major Operating Open network, per IESS-308 / 309 / 310 / 314 (Unbalanced 75 Ω or balanced
Modes transparent, closed network per IESS-315 120 Ω)
(See User Manual LDPC / TPC Codec (optional plug-in module) G.703 E2, 8.448 Mbps (Unbalanced
For Details) VersaFEC Codec (optional plug-in module) with 75 Ω)
ACM or Constant Coding & Modulation (CCM) ASI , Up to 25 Mbps BNC (female)
EDMAC Framed with/without AUPC
Additional 2.048 Mbps E1 Ports for
RS Outer Codec 9-pin D-sub (female)
Quad-E1 (Balanced 120 Ω)
High rate ESC / Enhanced ESC (ESC++)
Drop & insert (D&I) /Enhanced D&I++ Overhead Data 44-pin High-density D-sub (male)
Quad E1 drop & insert (QDI) Modem Alarms 15-pin D-sub (male)
DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier (optional plug-in 4-port 10/100Base-T Managed
4 x RJ-45
module) Ethernet Switch
FEC Options
None Uncoded BPSK/QPSK/OQPSK Modulator
Viterbi: k=7, per Rate 1/2 BPSK/QPSK/OQPSK Frequency Stability ± 0.06 ppm (± 6 x 10-8), 0° to 50°C (32° to
IESS-308/309 Rate 3/4 QPSK/OQPSK 122°F) with internal reference
Rate 7/8 QPSK/OQPSK Transmit Filtering Per IESS-308
Viterbi with Reed Rate 3/4 16-QAM Transmit Filter Rolloff 25%, 35%
Solomon Rate 7/8 16-QAM Harmonics and Better than -60 dBc/4 kHz
Sequential See CDM-625 user manual for details Spurious (typically <-65 dBc/4kHz)
Reed Solomon Open network and closed network modes Measured from 1 to 500 MHz
TCM (Per IESS-310) 8PSK/TCM Rate 2/3 (50-180 MHz band)
Integrated LDPC LDPC Code Rates Measured F0 ± 500 MHz
and TPC (2nd Gen) Rate 1/2 BPSK/QPSK/OQPSK (950-2000 MHz band)
Codec (Optional Rate 2/3 QPSK/OQPSK/8PSK/8-QAM Transmit On/Off Ratio -60 dBc minimum
Plug-in Module) Rate 3/4 QPSK/OQPSK/8PSK/8-QAM/16-QAM Output Phase Noise < 0.480° rms double sided, 100 Hz to 1 MHz
TPC Code Rates (Minimum 16 dB better overall than the Intelsat
Rate 5/16 BPSK IESS-308/309 requirements)
Rate 21/44 BPSK/QPSK/OQPSK dB/Hz Frequency Offset
Rate 3/4 QPSK/OQPSK/8PSK/8-QAM/16-QAM -63.0 100 Hz
Rate 7/8 QPSK/OQPSK/8PSK/8-QAM/16-QAM -73.0 1 kHz
Rate 0.95 QPSK/OQPSK/8PSK/8-QAM -83.0 10 kHz
VersaFEC Codec BPSK Rate 0.488 -93.0 100 kHz
(Optional Plug-in QPSK Rate 0.533, 0.631, 0.706, 0.803 Fundamental AC line spurious is -42 dBc or
Module) 8-QAM Rate 0.576 (ECCM), 0.642, 0.711, 0.780 lower
16-QAM Rate 0.644 (ECCM), 0.731, 0.780, The sum of all other single sideband spurious,
0.829, 0.853 from 0 to 0.75 x symbol rate, is -48 dBc or lower
BPSK 0.493 (ULL) Output Power 50-180 MHz:
QPSK 0.493, 0.654, 0.734 (ULL) 0 to -25 dBm, 0.1 dB steps
Scrambling IDR Mode, no RS, - per ITU V.35 (Intelsat variant) 950-2000 MHz:
IBS mode, no RS - per IESS-309, externally 0 to -40 dBm, 0.1 dB steps
frame synchronized
Transparent Closed Network mode, no RS or Demodulator
Turbo coding - per ITU V.35 (Intelsat variant) Input Power Range, 50-180 MHz: -105 + 10 log (symbol rate) to
EDMAC mode, no RS coding - externally frame Desired Carrier -70 + 10 log (symbol rate) dBm
synchronized - proprietary 950-2150 MHz: -130 + 10 log (symbol rate)
Turbo Product Code/LDPC/VersaFEC modes - to -80 + 10 log (symbol rate) dBm
externally frame synchronized - proprietary Max Composite 50-180 MHz:
All RS modes - externally frame synchronized per Operating Level 94 – 10 log (symbol rate, desired carrier)
IESS-308/309/310 dBc, +10 dBm max., with the additional
Management 10/100Base-T Ethernet with SNMP, HTTP and requirement that within ± 10 MHz of the
Telnet support, EIA-232, EIA-485 (2- or 4-wire) desired carrier the composite power is
Form C Relays Hardware fault, RX and TX traffic alarms, open ≤ +30 dBc
network backward alarms 950-2150 MHz:
External Reference BNC connector 102 – 10 log (symbol rate, desired carrier)
(Input OR Output) Input: 1, 2, 5, or 10 MHz, -6 dBm to dBc, +10 dBm max., with the additional
+10 dBm, 50 Ω/75 Ω (nominal) requirement that within ± 10 MHz of the
Output: 10 MHz, 2.7 V peak-to-peak desired carrier the composite power is
± 0.4 V, low impedance output ≤ +30 dBc
Absolute Maximum +20 dBm FAST Modem data rate – 10 Mbps, 15 Mbps,
Adaptive Equalizer 5-tap design, selectable on/off 20 Mbps or 25 Mbps
Acquisition Range Programmable in 1kHz increments FAST 8PSK and 8-QAM modulation (8-QAM requires TPC/LDPC
Below 64 ksymbols/sec ± 1 kHz to ± (Rs/2) kHz, where Rs = symbol or VersaFEC Codec)
rate in ksymbols/sec FAST 16-QAM modulation
Between 64 and ± 1 kHz to ± 32 kHz FAST TPC/LDPC Codec data rate – 10 Mbps, 15 Mbps,
389 ksymbols/sec 20 Mbps or 25 Mbps
Above 389 ± 1 kHz to ± (0.1 * Rs) kHz, up to a FAST DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier license (full) – 512 kbps,
ksymbols/sec maximum of ± 200 kHz 1.1 Mbps, 2.5 Mbps, 5 Mbps,
Acquisition Time Highly dependent on data rate, FEC rate, 10 Mbps, 15 Mbps, 20 Mbps or 25 Mbps
and demodulator acquisition range. FAST DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier license (fractional)
E.g.: 120 ms average at 64 kbps, R1/2 2.5 Mbps, 5 Mbps, 10 Mbps, 15 Mbps, 20 Mbps or
QPSK, ± 10 kHz acquisition sweep range, 25 Mbps
6 dB Eb/No FAST VersaFEC Codec data rate (CCM) – 2.5 Mbps, 5 Mbps or
Plesiochronous/ Selectable from 64 to 262,144 bits, in 16-bit 16 Mbps
Doppler Buffer steps (Additional limitations for G.704 frame FAST VersaFEC Codec symbol rate (ACM) – 300 ksps,
boundaries) 1.2 Msps or 4.1 Msps
Receive Clock RX satellite, TX terrestrial, external FAST Open network – IBS with high rate IBS ESC, IDR and audio
reference FAST D&I / D&I++ for single Port T1/E1
Clock Tracking ± 100 ppm minimum FAST D&I++ For Quad E1 Port 2, 3 and 4
LNB Reference (10 MHz) Via RX IF center conductor, 10.0 MHz FAST Quality of Service
± 0.06 ppm (with internal reference), FAST Header Compression
selectable on/off, -3.0 dBm ± 3 dB FAST Payload Compression
LNB Voltage Selectable on/off, 13 VDC, 18 VDC per
DiSEq 4.2 and 24 VDC at 500 mA maximum Accessories
Monitor Functions Eb/N0 estimate, corrected BER, frequency CRS-170A 1:1 Modem Redundancy Switch (L-Band)
offset, buffer fill state, receive signal level CRS-180 1:1 Modem Redundancy Switch (70/140 MHz)
CRS-280 1:10 IF Redundancy Switch (70/140 MHz)
DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier CRS-280L 1:10 IF Redundancy Switch (L-Band)
Delay Range 0 to 330 ms CRS-500 1:N Modem Redundancy System
Power Spectral Density BSPK/QPSK/8PSK/8-QAM: –7 dB to (For use with Packet Processor Only)
Ratio +11 dB CRS-282XXX 1:10 IF Redundancy Switch
(Interferer to Desired) 16-QAM: -7 dB to +7 dB (For use with CRS-500)
Maximum Symbol Rate 3:1 (TX:RX or RX:TX)
Ratio Environmental And Physical
Eb/No Degradation 0 dB Power Spectral Density Ratio Temperature Operating: 0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F)
BPSK/QPSK/OQPSK: 0.3 dB Storage: -25 to 85°C (-13 to 185ºF)
8-QAM: 0.4 dB Power Supply 100 – 240 VAC, +6%/-10%, 50/60 Hz, auto
8PSK: 0.5 dB sensing
16-QAM: 0.6 dB -24 VDC (HW option)
+10 dB power spectral density ratio -48 VDC (HW option)
Additional 0.3 dB Power 48 W (typical with TPC/LDPC Codec and Carrier-
Satellite Restrictions Satellite in “loop-back” mode (i.e., the Consumption in-Carrier module installed), 55 W (max.)
transmit station can receive itself) 60 W (typical with TPC/LDPC Codec, Packet
“Non-processing” satellite (i.e., does not Processor and Carrier-in-Carrier module installed),
demodulate or remodulate the signal) 67 W max.
280 W (typical with TPC/LDPC Codec, Carrier-in-
Available Options Carrier module and 48 VDC BUC power supply
Hardware 100 – 240 VAC, 175 W AC primary power supply installed), 300 W (max.)
Hardware -48 VDC, 125 W primary power supply Dimensions (1RU) 1.75” x 19.0” x 17.65”
Hardware -24 VDC, 120 W primary power supply (height x width x (4.4 x 48 x 44.8 cm) approximate
Hardware 24 VDC, 90 W @ 50°C BUC power supply, AC, 24 VDC or depth)
48 VDC primary power supply Weight 10.8 lbs (4.9 kg) maximum, with all option modules
Hardware 48 VDC, 150 W @ 50°C (180 W @ 30°C) BUC power and 48 VDC BUC power supply installed
supply, AC or 48 VDC primary power supply CE Mark EN 301 489-1 (ERM)
Hardware Integrated TPC (2nd generation) and LDPC Codec module EN55022 (Emissions)
Hardware DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier module EN55024 (Immunity)
Hardware VersaFEC Codec module EN 61000‐3‐2
FAST L-Band IF (in addition to 70/140 MHz) EN 61000‐3‐3
EN60950 (Safety)
FCC FCC Part 15, Subpart B

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Comtech EF Data reserves the right to change specifications of products described in this document at any time without notice and without obligation to notify any person of such changes. Information in
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© 2013 Comtech EF Data ds-CDM-625-EN.docx 10/1/2013