OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
GROUP 1 – THE BASIC OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (BOSH)

1. LEGISLATION AND REGULATIONS:
National and Regional Laws: Each country or region has its own OHS legislation, which sets out the basic
requirements for workplace safety.
Industry-Specific Standards: In addition to general OHS laws, specific industries may have additional regulations and
standards tailored to their unique hazards.
Model Codes of Practice: These provide guidance on how to comply with OHS laws and regulations. They are not
legally binding but can be used as evidence in court proceedings.
2. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT:
Identifying Potential Hazards: The first step is to identify all potential hazards in the workplace, such as physical,
chemical, biological, ergonomic, and psychosocial hazards.
Assessing Risk Levels: Once hazards are identified, their associated risks are assessed based on the likelihood of
occurrence and the severity of potential consequences.
Prioritizing Risk Mitigation: The risk assessment helps prioritize hazards and determine the most effective control
measures to minimize risks.
3. SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS:
Implementation and Monitoring: OHS management systems provide a structured approach to implementing and
monitoring safety practices. They include policies, procedures, training programs, incident reporting, and continuous
improvement processes.
Employee Involvement: Effective OHS management systems encourage employee participation in identifying
hazards, suggesting improvements, and contributing to a culture of safety.
4. TRAINING AND AWARENESS:
Knowledge and Skills Development: Employees need to be adequately trained on OHS procedures, hazard
identification, risk assessment, and emergency response.
Promoting a Safety Culture: Regular training and awareness campaigns help foster a safety-conscious culture where
employees value safety and are proactive in identifying and addressing potential hazards.
5. PERFORMANCE MONITORING AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT:
Tracking Key Performance Indicators (KPIs): Organizations use KPIs to track their OHS performance, such as
accident rates, incident investigation outcomes, and employee satisfaction with safety practices.
Regular Reviews and Audits: Regular reviews and audits help identify areas for improvement, ensure compliance
with regulations, and maintain a high level of safety performance.
GROUP 2.
5S OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
• Sort (Seiri) - Remove all the unnecessary items from the workplace.
• Set in Order (Seiton) -Set in order means arranging all the items in such a way that they are easily found and
put to use.
• Shine (Seiso) - Regularly maintain and clean your workspace and equipment Standardize.
• Standardize(Seiketsu) -Maintain the highest possible standards in all aspects
• Sustain (Shitsuke)- think long-term and make sure your culture supports 5S
GROUP 3: Unsafe Acts and Conditions in Electronics
Unsafe Acts: Human actions that pose a risk of injury or accidents, such as ignoring safety protocols or mishandling
equipment.
Unsafe Conditions: Environmental or physical hazards that can cause harm, including faulty equipment, exposed
wiring, or inadequate lighting.
Unsafe Acts
 Stem from human behavior.
 Addressed through training, supervision, and enforcement of safety policies.
Unsafe Conditions
 Arise from the work environment or equipment.
 Mitigated by regular inspections, maintenance, and adherence to safety standards.
Human Factors: Lack of knowledge, experience, or awareness; physical or mental impairment; fatigue; stress;
complacency.
Environmental Factors: Poor workspace design; inadequate lighting; noise; temperature extremes; presence of
hazardous substances.
Organizational Factors: Inadequate training programs; lack of safety policies; insufficient supervision; poor
communication.
GROUP 4: HOUSE KEEPING

GROUP 5: fire safety
FIRE - is a combustion or burning, in which substances combine chemically with oxygen from the air and typically give
out bright light, heat, and smoke.
SAFETY - Safety is the state of being "safe", the condition of being protected from harm or other danger. Safety can
also refer to the control of recognized hazards in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk
TYPES OF FIRE
Class A fire – Involve or ordinary combustible materials like Wood, Paper, and Cloth.
Class B fire – Involve flammable liquid or gases, such as Gasoline, Oil, or Solvent.
Class C fire – Involve electrical equipment, like wiring or appliances.
Class D fire – Involve combustible metals, such as magnesium or sodium.
Class E fire – Involve electrical components.
Pass- PULL- AIM – SQUEEZE – SWEEP
GROUP 6: ELECTIRCAL SAFETY
ELECTIRCAL SAFETY – Refers to the practices and procedures put in place to protect individuals from electricity.
(Effect of electricity on human body)

1. Physiological Impact - When electric current flows through the body, it can produce deep burns due to heat
generated by resistance, potentially affecting internal organs as well.
2. Nervous System Overload - Electric shocks can disrupt normal nerve signals, causing involuntary muscle
contractions known as tetanus, which may leave victims unable to release their grip on a conductor
3. Cardiac Risks - Shock currents can induce cardiac rhythm disturbances, notably fibrillation, making the heart unable
to effectively pump blood and leading to possible cardiac arrest.
4. Long-Term Consequences - Survivors of electric shock may experience persistent physical issues, including
neurological damage and psychological conditions such as PTSD.
5. Safety Considerations - Understanding the risks and appropriate safety measures is crucial to prevent electric shock
incidents, particularly in environments where electrical systems are present.

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

GROUP 1 – THE BASIC OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (BOSH)

GROUP 4: HOUSE KEEPING

GROUP 6: ELECTIRCAL SAFETY

(Effect of electricity on human body)

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