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Types of NoSQL Databases

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Types of NoSQL Databases

Uploaded by

ishwari.raskar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Types of NoSQL Databases

A database is a collection of structured data or information which is stored in a


computer system and can be accessed easily. A database is usually managed by
a Database Management System (DBMS).
NoSQL is a non-relational database that is used to store the data in the
nontabular form. NoSQL stands for Not only SQL. The main types are
documents, key-value, wide-column, and graphs.
Types of NoSQL Database:
 Document-based databases
 Key-value stores
 Column-oriented databases
 Graph-based databases
Document-Based Database:
The document-based database is a nonrelational database. Instead of storing the
data in rows and columns (tables), it uses the documents to store the data in the
database. A document database stores data in JSON, BSON, or XML
documents.
Documents can be stored and retrieved in a form that is much closer to the data
objects used in applications which means less translation is required to use these
data in the applications. In the Document database, the particular elements can
be accessed by using the index value that is assigned for faster querying.
Collections are the group of documents that store documents that have similar
contents. Not all the documents are in any collection as they require a similar
schema because document databases have a flexible schema.
Key features of documents database:
 Flexible schema: Documents in the database has a flexible schema. It
means the documents in the database need not be the same schema.
 Faster creation and maintenance: the creation of documents is easy and
minimal maintenance is required once we create the document.
 No foreign keys: There is no dynamic relationship between two
documents so documents can be independent of one another. So, there is
no requirement for a foreign key in a document database.
 Open formats: To build a document we use XML, JSON, and others.
Key-Value Stores:
A key-value store is a nonrelational database. The simplest form of a NoSQL
database is a key-value store. Every data element in the database is stored in
key-value pairs. The data can be retrieved by using a unique key allotted to each
element in the database. The values can be simple data types like strings and
numbers or complex objects.
A key-value store is like a relational database with only two columns which is
the key and the value.
Key features of the key-value store:
 Simplicity.
 Scalability.
 Speed.
Column Oriented Databases:
A column-oriented database is a non-relational database that stores the data in
columns instead of rows. That means when we want to run analytics on a small
number of columns, you can read those columns directly without consuming
memory with the unwanted data.
Columnar databases are designed to read data more efficiently and retrieve the
data with greater speed. A columnar database is used to store a large amount of
data. Key features of columnar oriented database:
 Scalability.
 Compression.
 Very responsive.
Graph-Based databases:
Graph-based databases focus on the relationship between the elements. It stores
the data in the form of nodes in the database. The connections between the
nodes are called links or relationships.
Key features of graph database:
 In a graph-based database, it is easy to identify the relationship between
the data by using the links.
 The Query’s output is real-time results.
 The speed depends upon the number of relationships among the database
elements.
 Updating data is also easy, as adding a new node or edge to a graph
database is a straightforward task that does not require significant schema
changes.

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