Measuring_instrument__1731411067

Significant figures and Measuring
instrument
Subject : Physics Paper Set : 1
Standard : 11 Measuring instrument Date : 12-11-2024
Total Mark : 400 Time : 0H:0M
.............. Physics - Section A (MCQ) ..............

the numbers 23.023, 0.0003 and 2.1 × 103 are [AIEEE
2010]
(A) 5, 1, 2 (B) 5, 1, 5
(1) The main scale of a vernier calliper has n
divisions/ cm. n divisions of the vernler scale (C) 5, 5, 2 (D) 4, 4, 2
coincide with (n − 1) divisions of maln scale. The (7) Three measurements are made as
least count of the vernler calliper is, [NEET 2019] 18.425 cm, 7.21 cm and 5.0 cm. The addition
(A) (n+1)(n−1)
1
cm (B) n1 cm should be written as ........ cm
(A) 30.6 (B) 30.64
(C) n12 cm (D) n(n+1)
1
cm
(2) Diameter of a steel ball is measured using a (C) 30.63 (D) 30.635
Vernier callipers which has divisions of 0.1 cm on (8) A screw gauge of pitch 0.5 mm is used to measure
its main scale (M S) and 10 divisions of its vernier the diameter of uniform wire of length 6.8 cm, the
scale (V S) match 9 divisions on the main scale. main scale reading is 1.5 mm and circular scale
Three such measurements for a ball are given as bi reading is 7. The calculated curved surface area of
S.No. M S (cm) V S divisions wire to appropriate significant figures is ......cm2 .
qi
(1) 0.5 8
[Screw gauge has 50 divisions on the circular
scale] [JEE MAIN 2022]
sa
(A) 6.8 (B) 3.4

(2) 0.5 4
(3) 0.5 6
em
If the zero error is −0.03 cm, then mean corrected (C) 3.9 (D) 2.4
diameter is ........... cm [JEE MAIN 2015] (9) There are two Vernier calipers both of which have
(A) 0.52 (B) 0.59 1 cm divided into 10 equal divisions on the main
le
scale. The Vernier scale of one of the calipers (C1 )

(C) 0.56 (D) 0.53
Sa
has 10 squal divisions that correspond to 9 main

(3) The least count of the main scale of a screw scale divisions. The Vernier scale of the other
gauge is 1 mm. The minimum number of divisions caliper (C2 ) has 10 equal divisions that
on its circular scale required to measure 5 µm correspond to 11 main scale divisions. The
diameter of a wire is [JEE MAIN 2019] readings of the two calipers are shown in the
(A) 50 (B) 200 figure. The measured values (in cm ) by calipers
(C) 100 (D) 500 C1 and C2 , respectively, are [IIT 2016]
(4) If L = 2.331 cm, B = 2.1 cm, then L + B =
(A) 4.431 cm (B) 4.43 cm
(C) 4.4 cm (D) 4 cm
(5) The diameter of a spherical bob is measured using
a vernier callipers. 9 divisions of the main scale, in
the vernier callipers, are equal to 10 divisions of
vernier scale. One main scale division is 1 mm. The
main scale reading is 10 mm and 8th division of
vernier scale was found to coincide exactly with
one of the main scale division. If the given vernier
callipers has positive zero error of 0.04 cm, then
the radius of the bob is ...... × 10−2 cm [JEE MAIN 2021]
(A) 0.52 (B) 520
(C) 5.2 (D) 52 (A) 2.85 and 2.82 (B) 2.87 and 2.83
(6) The respective number of significant figures for (C) 2.87 and 2.86 (D) 2.87 and 2.87
1
(10) Main scale division of vernier calliper is 1 mm and (A) 0.02 mm (B) 0.05 mm
vernier scale division are in A.P.; 1st division is
(C) 0.1 mm (D) 0.2 mm
0.95 mm ; 2nd division is 0.9 mm and so on. When
an object is placed between jaws of vernier (18) A student measured the length of a rod and
calliper, zero of vernier lies between 3.1 cm and wrote it as 3.50 cm. Which instrument did he use
3.2 cm and 4th division of vernier coincide with to measure it? [JEE MAIN 2014]
main scale division. Reading of vernier is .......... cm (A) A vernier calliper where the 10 divisions in
(A) 3.12 (B) 3.14 vernier scale matches with 9 division in main
scale and main scale has 10 divisions in 1 cm.
(C) 3.15 (D) 3.18
(11) The uncertain digit in the measurement of a (B) A screw gauge having 100 divisions in the
length reported as 41.68 cm is ........... circular scale and pitch as 1 mm.
(A) 4 (B) 1 (C) A screw gauge having 50 divisions in the
(C) 6 (D) 8 circular scale and pitch as 1 mm.
(12) The diameter of a wire is measured to be (D) A meter scale.
0.0205 × 10−4 m. The number of significant figures (19) When the gap is closed without placing any
in the measurement is object in the screw gauge whose least count is
(A) 3 (B) 4 0.005 mm, the 5th division on its circular scale
(C) 5 (D) 9 with the reference line on main scale, and when a
(13) The length of a rod is (11.05 ± 0.05) cm. What is small sphere is placed reading on main scale
the length of two rods ? advances by 4 divisions, whereas circular scale
(A) (22.1 ± 0.05) cm (B) (22.1 ± 0.1) cm reading advances by five times to the
corresponding reading when no object was
(C) (22.10 ± 0.05) cm (D) (22.10 ± 0.10) cm placed. There are 200 divisions on the circular
(14) In a Vernier Calipers. 10 divisions of Vernier scale
bi scale. The radius of the sphere is .......... mm
is equal to the 9 divisions of main scale. When (A) 4.10 (B) 4.05
qi
both jaws of Vernier calipers touch each other, (C) 2.10 (D) 2.05
sa
the zero of the Vernier scale is shifted to the left

of zero of the main scale and 4th Vernier scale (20) One main scale division of a vernier callipers is a
cm and nth division of the vernier scale coincide
em
division exactly coincides with the main scale

reading. One main scale division is equal to 1 mm. with (n − 1)th division of the main scale. The least
While measuring diameter of a spherical body, count of the callipers in mm is [JEE MAIN 2021]
le
the body is held between two jaws. It is now (A) 10na

(n−1)
(B) (n−1)
10a
( )
Sa
observed that zero of the Vernier scale lies (C) n−1 a (D) 10a
between 30 and 31 divisions of main scale reading 10n n
(21) In a Screw Gauge, fifth division of the circular
and 6th Vernier scale division exactly. coincides
scale coincides with the reference line when the
with the main scale reading. The diameter of the
ratchet is closed. There are 50 divisions on the
spherical body will be .......cm [JEE MAIN 2022]
circular scale, and the main scale moves by
(A) 3.02 (B) 3.06
0.5 mm on a complete rotation. For a particular
(C) 3.10 (D) 3.20 observation the reading on the main scale is 5 mm
(15) The length and breadth of a metal sheet are and the 20th division of the circular scale
3.124 m and 3.002 m then area of sheet is coincides with reference line. Calculate the true
(A) 9.376 m2 (B) 9.379 m2 reading. (in mm) [JEE MAIN 2021]
(C) 9.388 m2 (D) 9.378 m2 (A) 5.00 (B) 5.25
(16) A vernier callipers has 20 divisions on the vernier (C) 5.15 (D) 5.20
scale, which coincides with 19th division on the (22) The vernier constant of Vernier callipers is 0.1 mm
main scale. The least count of the instrument is and it has zero error of (−0.05) cm. While
0.1 mm. One main scale division is equal to ....... measuring diameter of a sphere, the main scale
mm [JEE MAIN 2024] reading is 1.7 cm and coinciding vernier division is
(A) 1 (B) 0.5 5. The corrected diameter will be ........... ×10−2 cm
(C) 2 (D) 5 [JEE MAIN 2022]
(A) 160 (B) 150
(17) A Vernier calipers has 1 mm marks on the main
scale. It has 20 equal divisions on the Vernier scale (C) 189 (D) 180
which match with 16 main scale divisions. For this (23) A vernier callipers used by student has 20
Vernier calipers, the least count is [IIT 2010] divisions in 1 cm on main scale. 10 vernier
2
divisions coincide with 9 main scale divisions. (A) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
When jaws are closed, zero of main scale is on left the Reason is a correct explanation of the
of zero of vernier scale and 6 th division of vernier Assertion.
scale coincides with any of main scale divisions.
He places a wooden cylinder in between the jaws (B) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is
and measures the length. The zero of vernier scale incorrect.
is on right of 3.20 cm and 8 th vernier division (C) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but
coincides with any main scale division. When he Reason is not a correct explanation of the
measures thickness of cylinder he finds that zero Assertion.
of vernier scale lies on right of 1.50 cm mark of
(D) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
main scale and 6 th division of vernier scale
coincides with any main scale division. The (29) The main scale of vernier callipers reads in
correct values of measured length and diameter millimetre and its vernier is divided into 8
are respectively divisions, which coincides with 5 divisions of main
(A) 3.21 cm, 1.50 cm (B) 3.210 cm, 1.500 cm scale. When two jaws of instrument touch each
other, the zero of the vernier coincides with the
(C) 3.27 cm, 1.93 cm (D) 3.270 cm, 1.560 cm zero of main scale. A rod is tightly placed along its
length between both jaws. It is observed that the
(24) In a screw gauge, 5 complete rotations of the zero of vernier scale lies just left to 36th division of
screw cause it to move a linear distance of main scale and fourth division of vernier scale
0.25 cm. There are 100 circular scale divisions. The coincides with the main scale Then the measured
thickness of a wire measured by this screw gauge value is .......... cm
gives a reading of 4 main scale divisions and 30 (A) 3.66 (B) 3.55
circular scale divisions . Assuming negligible zero
error, the thickness of the wire is [JEE MAIN 2018] (C) 3.65 (D) 3.56
(A) 0.0430 cm (B) 0.3150 cm bi
(30) A screw gauge has 50 divisions on its circular
scale. The circular scale is 4 units ahead of the
qi
(C) 0.4300 cm (D) 0.2150 cm
pitch scale marking, prior to use. Upon one
complete rotation of the circular scale, a
sa
(25) Which of the following is the most precise device displacement of 0.5 mm is noticed on the pitch
for measuring length scale. The nature of zero error involved, and the
em
(A) a vernier callipers with 20 divisions on the least count of the screw gauge, are respectively
sliding scale [JEE MAIN 2020]
le
(B) a screw gauge of pitch 1 mm and 100 (A) Negative, 2 µm (B) Positive, 10 µm
Sa
divisions on the circular scale (C) Positive, 0.1 µm (D) Positive, 0.1 mm
(C) an optical instrument that can measure length (31) In a vernier calliper, when both jaws touch each
to within a wavelength of light other, zero of the vernier scale shifts towards left
and its 4th division coincides exactly with a
(D) Precison can not be changed by changing the
certain division on main scale. If 50 vernier scale
instrument.
divisions equal to 49 main scale divisions and zero
error in the instrument is 0.04 mm then how many
(26) 5.74 g of a substance occuples 1.2 cm3 . Express its main scale divisions are there in 1 cm ? [JEE MAIN 2024]
density(in g/cm3 ) by keeping the significant (A) 40 (B) 5
figures in view.
(A) 4.7833 (B) 4.8 (C) 20 (D) 10
(32) A screw gauge with a pitch of 0.5 mm and a
(C) 4.78 (D) 5 circular scale with 50 divisions is used to measure
the thickness of a thin sheet of Aluminium. Before
(27) What is the number of significant figures in starting the measurement, it is found that wen
11.118 × 10−6 V the two jaws of the screw gauge are brought in
(A) 3 (B) 4
contact, the 45th division coincides with the main
(C) 5 (D) 6 scale line and the zero of the main scale is barely
visible. What is the thickness of the sheet (in mm)
(28) Assertion : The number of significant figures if the main scale reading is 0.5 mm and the 25th
depends on the least count of measuring division coincides with the main scale line [JEE MAIN
instrument. 2016]
Reason : Significant figures define the accuracy (A) 0.70 (B) 0.50
of measuring instrument. [AIIMS 2016] (C) 0.75 (D) 0.80
3
(33) Area of the cross-section of a wire is measured (38) Diagrams show readings of a screw gauge. figure
using a screw gauge. The pitch of the main scale (i) shows the zero error reading when the screw
is 0.5mm. The circular scale has 100 divisions and gauge is closed, figure (ii) the reading when the
for one full rotation of the circular scale, the main screw gauge is being used to measure the
scale shifts by two divisions. The measured diameter of a ball-bearing. What is the diameter
readings are listed below. of the ball-bearing in mm? There are 50 divisions
Measurement Main scale Circular scale on circular scale
condition reading reading
Two arms of 0 division 4 division
gauge touch-
ing each other
without wire
(A) 5.29 (B) 5.26
Attempt-1: 4 division 20 division (C) 5.32 (D) 5.28
With wire (39) The pitch and the number of divisions, on the
Attempt-2: 4 division 16 division circular scale, for a given screw gauge are 0.5 mm
With wire and 100 respectively. When the screw gauge is
What are the diameter and cross-sectional area of fully tightened without any object, the zero of its
the wire measured using the screw gauge? [IIT 2022] circular scale lies 3 divisions below the mean line.
(A) 2.22 ± (B) 2.22 ± The readings of the main scale and the circular
0.02mm, π(1.23 ± 0.01mm, π(1.23 ± scale for a thin sheet, are 5.5 mm and 48
0.02)mm2 0.01)mm2 respectively, the thickness of this sheet is [JEE MAIN
(C) 2.14 ± (D) 2.14 ± 2019]
0.02mm, π(1.14 ± 0.01mm, π(1.14 ± (A) 5.755 mm (B) 5.950 mm

0.02)mm2 0.01)mm2 (C) 5.725 mm (D) 5.740 mm
(34) If 97.52 is divided by 2.54, the correct result in (40) Student A and Student B used two screw gauges
bi
terms of significant figures is of equal pitch and 100 equal circular divisions to
qi
(A) 38.4 (B) 38.3937 measure the radius of a given wire. The actual
value of the radius of the wire is 0.322 cm. The
sa
(C) 38.394 (D) 38.39

absolute value of the difference between the
(35) A student performs an experiment of measuring final circular scale readings observed by the
em
the thickness of a slab with a vernier calliper students A and B is .... .

whose 50 divisions of the vernier scale are equal [Figure shows position of reference ′ O′ when jaws
le
to 49 divisions of the main scale. He noted that of screw gauge are closed]
zero of the vernier scale is between 7.00 cm and Given pitch = 0.1 cm. [JEE MAIN 2021]
Sa
7.05 cm mark of the main scale and 23r d division

of the vernier scale exactly coincides with the
main scale. The measured value of the thickness
of the given slab using the calliper will be [NEET 2017]
(A) 7.23 (B) 7.023
(C) 7.073 (D) 7.73
(36) There are 100 divisions on the circular scale of a
screw gauge of pitch 1 mm. With no measuring
quantity in between the jaws, the zero of the
circular scale lies 5 divisions below the reference
line. The diameter of a wire is then measured (A) 13 (B) 26
using this screw gauge. It is found the 4 linear
scale divisions are clearly visible while 60 divisions (C) 39 (D) 130
on circular scale coincide with the reference line. (41) If the value of resistance is 10.845 ohm and the
The diameter of the wire is : [JEE MAIN 2024] value of current is 3.23 amp, the value of potential
(A) 4.65 mm (B) 4.55 mm with significant numbers would be ........... volt
(C) 4.60 mm (D) 3.35 mm (A) 35.0 (B) 3.50
(37) The radius of a circle is 2.12 metre. Its area (C) 35.029 (D) 35.030
according to the rule of significant figures is ......... (42) In finding out refractive index of glass slab the
m2 following observations were made through
(A) 14.1 (B) 14.112 travelling microscope 50 vernier scale division =
(C) 14.11 (D) 14.1124 49MSD; 20 divisions on main scale in each cm For
4
mark on paper divisions of a travelling microscope and one
MSR = 8.45 cm, VC = 26 smallest reading of main scale is 0.5 mm, the
For mark on paper seen through slab Vernier constant of travelling microscope is: [JEE
MSR = 7.12 cm, VC = 41 MAIN 2024]
For powder particle on the top surface of the (A) 0.1 mm (B) 0.1 cm
glass slab (C) 0.01 cm (D) 0.01 mm
MSR = 4.05 cm, VC = 1
(MSR = Main Scale Reading, VC = Vernier (50) The radius of a disc is 1.2 cm. Its area according to
Coincidence) the concept of significant figures will be given by
Refractive index of the glass slab is: [JEE MAIN 2024] (A) 4.5216 (B) 4.521
(A) 1.42 (B) 1.52 (C) 4.52 (D) 4.5
(C) 1.24 (D) 1.35 (51) Two full turns of the circular scale of a screw
(43) The area of a square is 5.29 cm2 . The area of 7 such gauge cover a distance of 1 mm on its main scale.
squares taking into account the significant figures The total number of divisions on the circular scale
is ........... cm2 [JEE MAIN 2019] is 50. Further, it is found that the screw gauge has
(A) 37 (B) 37.0 a zero error of −0.03 mm. While measuring the
diameter of a thin wire, a student notes the main
(C) 37.03 (D) 37.030 scale reading of 3 mm and the number of circular
(44) If a calculated value 2.7465 g contains only three scale divisions in line with the main scale as 35.
significant figures, the two insignificant digits in it The diameter of the wire is ....... mm [AIEEE 2008]
are ............ (A) 3.38 (B) 3.32
(A) 2 and 7 (B) 7 and 4
(C) 3.73 (D) 3.67
(C) 6 and 5 (D) 4 and 6 (52) The vernier scale used for measurement has a
(45) The number of significant figure in 6.25 × 105 is bi positive zero error of 0.2 mm. If while taking a
(A) 11 (B) 6 measurement it was noted that ′ 0′ on the vernier
qi
(C) 4 (D) 3 scale lies between 8.5 cm and 8.6 cm vernier
coincidence is 6, then the correct value of
sa
(46) The density of a solid ball is to be determined in measurement is ............. cm. (least count = 0.01 cm)
an experiment. The diameter of the ball is [JEE MAIN 2021]
em
measured with a screw gauge, whose pitch is (A) 8.36 (B) 8.54
0.5 mm and there are 50 divisions on the circular
scale. The reading on the main scale is 2.5 mm (C) 8.58 (D) 8.56
le
and that on the circular scale is 20 divisions. If the (53) What is the number of significant figures in
Sa
measured mass of the ball has a relative error of 0.310 × 103

2%, the relative percentage error in the density is (A) 2 (B) 3
[IIT 2011]
(C) 4 (D) 6
(A) 0.9% (B) 2.4%
(54) If in a Vernier callipers 10 V SD coincides with
(C) 3.1% (D) 4.2% 8 M SD, then the least count of Vernier calliper is
(47) Two full turns of the circular scale of screw gauge ............ m [given 1 M SD = 1 mm]
cover a distance of 1 mm on scale. The total (A) 1 × 10−4 (B) 2 × 10−4
number of divisions on circular scale is 50. Further,
(C) 1 × 10−3 (D) 8 × 10−4
it is found that screw gauge has a zero error of
+0.03 mm. While measuring the diameter of a (55) The number of significant figures in 200.40 is
thin wire a student notes the main scale reading (A) 4 (B) 5
of 3 mm and the number of circular scale division (C) 2 (D) 3
in line, with the main scale is 35. The diameter of
(56) The length, breadth and thickness of a block are
the wire is .......... mm
(A) 3.32 (B) 3.73 given by l = 12 cm, b = 6 cm and t = 2.45 cm The
volume of the block according to the idea of
(C) 3.67 (D) 3.38 significant figures should be
(48) The area of a rectangular field (in m ) of length
2
(A) 1 × 102 cm3 (B) 2 × 102 cm3
55.3 m and breadth 25 m after rounding off the (C) 1.763 × 102 cm3 (D) None of these
value for correct significant digits is [NEET 2022]
(A) 1382 (B) 1382.5 (57) In a screw gauge, 5 complete rotations of circular
scale give 1.5 mm reading on linear scale. Circular
(C) 14 × 102 (D) 138 × 101 scale has 50 divisions. Least count of the screw
(49) If 50 Vernier divisions are equal to 49 main scale gauge is
5
(A) 0.006 mm (B) 0.003 mm List - I (N umber) List − II
(Signif icantf igure)
(C) 0.015 mm (D) 0.03 mm
(A) 1001 (I) 3
(58) While measuring diameter of wire using screw (B) 010.1 (II) 4
gauge the following readings were noted. Main (C) 100.100 (III) 5
scale reading is 1 mm and circular scale reading is (D) 0.0010010 (IV ) 6
equal to 42 divisions. Pitch of screw gauge is Choose the correct answer from the options
1 mm and it has 100 divisions on circular scale. given below : [JEE MAIN 2024]
The diameter of the wire is 50x
mm. The value of x
is : [JEE MAIN 2024] (A) (A) − (III), (B) − (IV ), (C) − (II), (D) − (I)
(A) 142 (B) 71 (B) (A) − (IV ), (B) − (III), (C) − (I), (D) − (II)
(C) 42 (D) 21 (C) (A) − (II), (B) − (I), (C) − (IV ), (D) − (III)
(D) (A) − (I), (B) − (II), (C) − (III), (D) − (IV )
(59) A travelling microscope is used to determine the
refractive index of a glass slab. If 40 divisions are (65) Consider a Vernier callipers in which each 1 cm on
there in 1 cm on main scale and 50 Vernier scale the main scale is divided into 8 equal divisions
divisions are equal to 49 main scale divisions, then and a screw gauge with 100 divisions on its
least count of the travelling microscope is circular scale. In the Vernier callipers, 5 divisions
−6
. . . × 10 m [JEE MAIN 2022] of the Vernier scale coincide with 4 divisions on
(A) 2 (B) 3 the main scale and in the screw gauge, one
complete rotation of the circular scale moves it
(C) 4 (D) 5 by two divisions on the linear scale. Then:
(A) If the pitch of the screw gauge is twice the
(60) A specially designed Vernier calliper has the main least count of the Vernier callipers, the least
scale least count of 1 mm. On the Vernier scale, bi
count of the screw gauge is 0.01 mm.
there are 10 equal divisions and they match with (B) If the pitch of the screw gauge is twice the
qi
11 main scale divisions. Then, the least count of least count of the Vernier callipers, the least
sa
the Vernier calliper is ........... mm [KVPY 2019] count of the screw gauge is 0.005 mm.
(A) 0.1 (B) 0.909 (C) If the least count of the linear scale of the
em
(C) 1.1 (D) 0.09 screw gauge is twice the least count of the
Vernier callipers, the least count of the screw
(61) Using screw gauge of pitch 0.1 cm and 50 gauge is 0.01 mm.
le
divisions on its circular scale, the thickness of an (D) If the least count of the linear scale of the
Sa
object is measured. It should correctly be screw gauge is twice the least count of the
recorded as [JEE MAIN 2020] Vernier callipers, the least count of the screw
(A) 2.123 cm (B) 2.125 cm gauge is 0.005 mm. [IIT 2015]
(A) (A, D) (B) (B, D)
(C) 2.121 cm (D) 2.124 cm
(C) (B, C) (D) (C, D)
(62) In a vernier callipers, each cm on the main scale is (66) An experiment is performed to obtain the value
divided into 20 equal parts. If tenth vernier scale of acceleration due to gravity g by using a simple
division coincides with nineth main scale division. pendulum of length L. In this experiment time for
Then the value of vernier constant will be 100 oscillations is measured by using a watch of
. . . × 10−2 mm [JEE MAIN 2022] 1 second least count and the value is 90.0 seconds.
(A) 3 (B) 5 The length L is measured by using a meter scale
(C) 7 (D) 9 of least count 1 mm and the value is 20.0 cm. The
error in the determination of g would be ........... %
[JEE MAIN 2014]
(63) Least count of a vernier caliper is 201 N cm. The
(A) 1.7 (B) 2.7
value of one division on the main scale is 1 mm.
Then the number of divisions of main scale that (C) 4.4 (D) 2.27
coincide with N divisions of vernier scale is : [JEE (67) Round off the value 2.845 to three significant
MAIN 2024]
( ) ( 2 N−1 ) figures.
(A) 220N−1 N
(B) 2 (A) 2.85 (B) 2.84
( 2 N−1 )
(C) (2 N − 1) (D) 2 N (C) 2.80 (D) 2.83
(68) N divisions on the main scale of a vernier calliper
(64) Match List - I with List - II. coincide with (N + 1) divisions of the vernier
6
scale. If each division of main scale is a units , (76) Time periods of oscillation of the same simple
then the least count of the instrument is [AIEEE 2012] pendulum measured using four different
(A) a (B) Na measuring clocks were recorded as
(C) NN+1 × a (D) Na+1 4.62 s, 4.632 s, 4.6 s and 4.64 s. The arithmetic
mean of these reading in correct significant figure
(69) The number of significant figures in all the given is. [JEE MAIN 2024]
numbers 25.12, 2009, 4.156 and 1.217 × 10−4 is (A) 4.623 s (B) 4.62 s
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 4.6 s (D) 5 s
(C) 3 (D) 4
(77) In an experiment the angles are required to be
(70) The smallest division on the main scale of a measured using an instrument, 29 divisions of the
Vernier calipers is 0.1cm. Ten divisions of the main scale exactly coincide with the 30 divisions
Vernier scale correspond to nine divisions of the of the vernier scale. If the smallest division of the
main scale. The figure below on the left shows main scale is half- a degree (= 0.5o ), then the
the reading of this calipers with no gap between least count of the instrument is [AIEEE 2009]
its two jaws. The figure on the right shows the (A) 1o (B) 12
o
reading with a solid sphere held between the

jaws. The correct diameter of the sphere is [IIT 2021] (C) 1′ (D) ( 12 )′
(78) The least count of the main scale of a vernier
callipers is 1 mm. Its vernier scale is divided into
10 divisions and coincide with 9 divisions of the
main scale. When jaws are touching each other,
the 7 th division of vernier scale coincides with a
division of main scale and the zero of vernier scale
(A) 3.07cm (B) 3.11cm is lying right side of the zero of main scale. When
(C) 3.15cm (D) 3.17cm
bi this vernier is used to measure length of a cylinder
the zero of the vernier scale between 3.1 cm and
qi
(71) The figure of a centimetre scale below shows a 3.2 cm and 4th V SD coincides with a main scale
particular position of the Vernier calipers. In this
sa
division.The length of the cylinder is .....cm

position, the value of x shown in the figure is .......... (V SD is vernier scale division) [JEE MAIN 2020]
cm (figure is not to scale) [KVPY 2017]
(A) 3.21 (B) 2.99
em
(C) 3.2 (D) 3.07

le
(79) The decimal equivalent of 20

1
upto three
significant figures is
Sa
(A) 0.02 (B) 3.65 (A) 0.0500 (B) 0.05000

(C) 4.15 (D) 0.03 (C) 0.0050 (D) 5.0 × 10−2
(72) The result after adding 3.8 × 10−6 with 4.2 × 10−5 (80) 10 divisions on the main scale of a Vernier calliper
with due regard to significant figures is- coincide with 11 divisions on the Vernier scale. If
(A) 4.58 × 10−5 (B) 0.458 × 10−4 each division on the main scale is of 5 units, the
least count of the instrument is : [JEE MAIN 2024]
(C) 4.6 × 10−5 (D) 45.8 × 10−6
(A) 12 (B) 10
(73) The radius of a thin wire is 0.16 mm. The area of
11
cross-section taking significant figure into (C) 50

11
(D) 11
5
consideration in square millimeters is? (81) A screw gauge gives the following readings when
(A) 0.0804 (B) 0.080 used to measure the diameter of a wire
Main scale reading : 0 mm
(C) 0.08 (D) 0.080384
Circular scale reading : 52 divisions
(74) The result after adding 3.8 × 10−6 with 4.2 × 10−5 Given that 1 mm on main scale corresponds to
with due regard to significant figures is 100 divisions on the circular scale. The diameter
(A) 4.58 × 10−5 (B) 0.458 × 10−4 of the wire from the above data is ...... cm [NEET 2021]
(C) 4.6 × 10−5 (D) 45.8 × 10−6 (A) 0.52 (B) 0.026
(75) The volume of a sphere is 1.76 cm3 . The volume of (C) 0.26 (D) 0.052
25 such spheres taking into account the (82) A length 5.997m rounded off to three significant
significant figure is figures is written as .......... m
(A) 0.44 × 10 cm
2 3
(B) 44.0 cm 3
(A) 6.00 (B) 5.99
(C) 44 cm3 (D) 44.00 cm3 (C) 5.95 (D) 5.90
7
(83) Asseretion A : If in five complete rotations of the pitch of the screw gauge is ........mm [NEET 2020]
circular scale, the distance travelled on main scale (A) 1.0 (B) 0.01
of the screw gauge is 5 mm and there are 50 total
(C) 0.25 (D) 0.5
divisions on circular scale, then least count is
0.001 cm. (91) A screw gauge has some zero error but its value is
Reason R : Least Count = Total divisionsPitch unknown. We have two identical rods. When the
on circular scale
In the light of the above statements, choose the first rod is inserted in the screw, the state of the
most appropriate answer from the options given instrument is shown by diagram (I). When both
below: [JEE MAIN 2021] the rods are inserted together in series then the
state is shown by the diagram (II). What is the
(A) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct
zero error of the instrument ? .......... mm
explanation of A
1 M.S.D. = 100 C.S.D. = 1 mm
(B) A is not correct but R is correct.
(C) Both A and R are correct and R is NOT the
correct explanation of A.
(D) A is correct but R is not correct.
(84) The number of significant figures in the measured
value 4.700 m is the same as that in the value .......
m
(A) 4700 (B) 0.047
(C) 4070 (D) 470.0
(85) A screwgauage has pitch 1.5 mm and there is no
zero error. Linear scale has marking at
M SD = 1 mm and there are 100 equal division of bi(A) −0.16 (B) +0.16
circular scale. When diameter of a sphere is
(C) +0.14 (D) −0.14
qi
measured with instrument, main scale is having
2 mm mark visible on linear scale, but 3 mm mark (92) A student measuring the diameter of a pencil of
sa
is not visible, 76th division of circuler scale is in circular cross-section with the help of a vernier
line with linear scale. .......... mm is the diameter of scale records the following four readings
em
sphere. 5.50 mm, 5.55 mm,5.45 mm; 5.65 mm. The average
(A) 3.14 (B) 2.64 of these four readings is 5.5375 mm and the
standard deviation of the data is 0.07395 mm. The
le
(C) 1.14 (D) 2.76 average diameter of the pencil should therefore
Sa
(86) Find the value of 1.53×0.9995

1.592
with due regard for be recorded as [JEE MAIN 2020]
significant figures (A) (5.5375 ± 0.0739) mm(B) (5.538 ± 0.074) mm
(A) 0.921 (B) 0.123 (C) (5.54 ± 0.07) mm (D) (5.5375 ± 0.0740) mm
(C) 0.961 (D) 0.913 (93) The length, breath and thickness of a metal sheet
(87) In a vernier callipers, (N + 1) divisions of vernier are 4.234 m, 1.005 m, and 2.01 cm respectively
scale coincide with N divisions of main scale. If then the volume of the sheet is
1MSD represents 0.1 mm, the vernier constant (in (A) 8.72m2 , 0.0855m3 (B) 8.12m2 , 0.0755m3
cm ) is: [NEET 2024] (C) 7.82m2 , 1.0855m3 (D) 7.12m2 , 0.3855m3
(A) 100(N1
(B) 100 N
+1) (94) A travelling microscope has 20 divisions per cm on
(C) 10(N + 1) (D) 101 N the main scale while its Vernier scale has total 50
(88) An object of mass 4.237g occupies a volume divisions and 25 Vernier scale divisions are equal
1.72cm3 . The density of the object to appropriate to 24 main scale divisions, what is the least count
significant figures is ......... gcm−3 of the travelling microscope .......... cm [JEE MAIN 2022]
(A) 2.46 (B) 2.463 (A) 0.001 (B) 0.0002
(C) 2.5 (D) 2.50 (C) 0.002 (D) 0.005
(89) Value of round off of numbers 2.745 and 2.735 (95) The addition of three masses 1.6 g, 7.32 g and
upto 3 significant digits will be 4.238 g, addressed upto proper decimal places is
(A) 2.75 and 2.74 (B) 2.74 and 2.73 ....... g
(A) 13.158 (B) 13.2
(C) 2.75 and 2.73 (D) 2.74 and 2.74
(90) A screw gauge has least count of 0.01 mm and (C) 13.16 (D) 13.15
there are 50 divisions in its circular scale. The (96) A spectrometer gives the following reading when
8
used to measure the angle of a prism.
Main scale reading : 58.5 degree
Vernier scale reading : 09 divisions
Given that 1 division on main scale corresponds
to 0.5 degree. Total divisions on the Vernier scale
is 30 and match with 29 divisions of the main
scale. The angle of the prism from the above data
....... degree [AIEEE 2012]
(A) 59 (B) 58.59
(C) 58.77 (D) 58.65
(97) A cube has a side of length 1.2 × 10−2 m.
Calculate its volume. [IIT 2003]
(A) 1.7 × 10−6 m3 (B) 1.73 × 10−6 m3
(C) 1.70 × 10−6 m3 (D) 1.732 × 10−6 m3
(98) In an experiment with Vernier callipers of least
count 0.1 mm, when two jaws are joined together
the zero of Vernier scale lies right to the zero of
the main scale and 6th division of Vernier scale
coincides with the main scale division. While
measuring the diameter of a spherical bob, the
zero of vernier scale lies in between 3.2 cm and
3.3 cm marks, and 4th division of vernier scale
coincides with the main scale division. The
diameter of bob is measured as ....... cm [JEE MAIN 2023] bi
(A) 3.18 (B) 3.25
qi
(C) 3.26 (D) 3.22
sa
(99) What is the number of significant figures in 3400

(A) 2 (B) 5
em
(C) 6 (D) 7
(100) In a vernier callipers, 10 divisions of vernier scale
le
coincides with 9 divisions of main scale, the least

Sa
count of which is 0.1 cm. If in the measurement of

inner diameter of cylinder zero of vernier scale
lies between 1.3 cm and 1.4 cm of main scale and
2nd division of vernier scale coincides with main
scale division then diameter will be .......... cm
(A) 1.30 (B) 1.34
(C) 1.32 (D) 1.36
9
instrument
Measuring instrument Date : 12-11-2024
Standard : 11
Total Mark : 400 (Answer Key) Time : 0H:0M
Physics - Section A (MCQ)
1-C 2-B 3-B 4-C 5-D 6-A 7-A 8-B 9-B 10 - C

11 - D 12 - A 13 - D 14 - C 15 - D 16 - C 17 - D 18 - A 19 - D 20 - D
21 - C 22 - D 23 - B 24 - D 25 - C 26 - B 27 - C 28 - B 29 - B 30 - B
31 - C 32 - D 33 - C 34 - A 35 - B 36 - B 37 - A 38 - B 39 - C 40 - A
41 - A 42 - A 43 - C 44 - C 45 - D 46 - C 47 - A 48 - C 49 - D 50 - D
51 - A 52 - B 53 - B 54 - A 55 - B 56 - B 57 - A 58 - B 59 - D 60 - A
61 - D 62 - B 63 - B 64 - C 65 - C 66 - B 67 - B 68 - D 69 - D 70 - C
71 - D 72 - C 73 - B 74 - C 75 - B 76 - C 77 - C 78 - D 79 - A 80 - D
81 - D 82 - A 83 - B 84 - D 85 - A 86 - C 87 - A 88 - A 89 - D 90 - D
91 - C 92 - C 93 - A 94 - C 95 - B
bi
96 - D 97 - A 98 - A 99 - A 100 - C
qi
sa
em
le
Sa
10
instrument
Measuring instrument Date : 12-11-2024
Standard : 11
Total Mark : 400 (Solutions) Time : 0H:0M
Physics - Section A (MCQ)

P itch
.............. ..............
Least count = N o.of divisions on circular scale
−3
5 × 10−6 = 10N
(1) The main scale of a vernier calliper has n N = 200
divisions/ cm. n divisions of the vernler scale
(4) If L = 2.331 cm, B = 2.1 cm, then L + B =
coincide with (n − 1) divisions of maln scale. The
(A) 4.431 cm (B) 4.43 cm
least count of the vernler calliper is, [NEET 2019]
(A) (n+1)(n−1)
1
cm (B) n1 cm (C) 4.4 cm (D) 4 cm
(C) 1
cm (D) 1
cm Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
n2 n(n+1)
Step 1 L = 2.331cm = 2.33 (corrected to two
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) decimal places) and B = 2.1cm
n(USD) = (n − 1)MSD⇒ 1VSD = (n−1)
n
MSD Step 2 L + B = 2.33 + 2.1 = 4.43cm. = 4.4cm
[Least count] = 1MSD − 1VSD (= ) (by the rule of addition the sum is expressed in
1 − n MSD = n1 MSD= n1 n1 cm = n12 cm
(n−1)
biminimum decimal places of terms in addition).
(5) The diameter of a spherical bob is measured using

qi
(2) Diameter of a steel ball is measured using a a vernier callipers. 9 divisions of the main scale, in
sa
Vernier callipers which has divisions of 0.1 cm on the vernier callipers, are equal to 10 divisions of
its main scale (M S) and 10 divisions of its vernier vernier scale. One main scale division is 1 mm. The
scale (V S) match 9 divisions on the main scale.
em
main scale reading is 10 mm and 8th division of

Three such measurements for a ball are given as vernier scale was found to coincide exactly with
S.No. M S (cm) V S divisions one of the main scale division. If the given vernier
le
(1) 0.5 8 callipers has positive zero error of 0.04 cm, then
Sa
(2) 0.5 4 the radius of the bob is ...... × 10−2 cm [JEE MAIN 2021]
(A) 0.52 (B) 520
(3) 0.5 6
If the zero error is −0.03 cm, then mean corrected (C) 5.2 (D) 52
diameter is ........... cm [JEE MAIN 2015] Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
(A) 0.52 (B) 0.59
9 M SD = 10 V SD
(C) 0.56 (D) 0.53 9 × 1 mm = 10 V SD
∴ 1 V SD = 0.9 mm
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) LC = 1 M SD − 1 V SD = 0.1 mm
Lets count = 0.1
10
= 0.01cm Reading = M SR + V SR × LC
d1 = 0.5 + 8 × 0.01 + 0.03 = 0.61 cm 10 + 8 × 0.1 = 10.8 mm
d2 = 0.5 + 4 × 0.01 + 0.03 = 0.57 cm Actual reading = 10.8 − 0.4 = 10.4 mm
d3 = 0.5 + 6 × 0.01 + 0.03 = 0.59 cm radius = d2 = 10.4 = 5.2 mm
2
M ean diameter = 0.61+0.57+0.59
3 −2
= 52 × 10 cm
= 0.59 cm
(6) The respective number of significant figures for
(3) The least count of the main scale of a screw the numbers 23.023, 0.0003 and 2.1 × 103 are [AIEEE
gauge is 1 mm. The minimum number of divisions 2010]
on its circular scale required to measure 5 µm (A) 5, 1, 2 (B) 5, 1, 5
diameter of a wire is [JEE MAIN 2019]
(C) 5, 5, 2 (D) 4, 4, 2
(A) 50 (B) 200
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
(C) 100 (D) 500
(i) All the non−zero digits are significant.
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) (ii) All the zeros between two non−zero digits
11
are significant, no matter where the decimal
point is, if at all.
(iii) If the number is less than 1, the zero(s) on
the right of decimal point but to the left of the
first non−zero digit are not significant.
(iv) The power of 10 is irrelevant to the
determination of significant Figures. According to
the above rules, 23.023 has 5 significant figures.
0.0003 has 1 significant Figures. 2.1 × 10−3 has 2
significant figures.
(7) Three measurements are made as

18.425 cm, 7.21 cm and 5.0 cm. The addition
should be written as ........ cm (A) 2.85 and 2.82 (B) 2.87 and 2.83
(A) 30.6 (B) 30.64
(C) 2.87 and 2.86 (D) 2.87 and 2.87
(C) 30.63 (D) 30.635
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
C1 : 1 Main scale division MSD = 0.1cm
1 vernier scale division VSD = 0.9 = 0.09cm
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) Least count
10
(a) LC = 1M SD − 1V SD = 0.1 − 0.09 = 0.01cm

Main scale reading MSR = 2.8cm
Number of vernier division matching main scale
(8) A screw gauge of pitch 0.5 mm is used to measure
bidivision n = 7
Reading
qi
the diameter of uniform wire of length 6.8 cm, the
main scale reading is 1.5 mm and circular scale R1 = M SR + n × LC = 2.8 + 7 × 0.01 = 2.87cm
sa
reading is 7. The calculated curved surface area of C2 : 1 Main scale division M SD = 0.1cm
wire to appropriate significant figures is ......cm2 . 1 vernier scale division V SD = 1.1
10
= 0.11cm
em
[Screw gauge has 50 divisions on the circular Least count

scale] [JEE MAIN 2022] LC = 1V SD − 1M SD = 0.11 − 0.1 = 0.01cm
(A) 6.8 (B) 3.4 Main scale reading M SR = 2.8cm
le
Here we should note that size of vernier scale

(C) 3.9 (D) 2.4
Sa
division is bigger than main scale division, hence

number of vernier division matching main scale
division will be counted form back. In given figure
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) we can see that 7th vernier scale division is
L.C. = NP
= 0.550mm = 0.01 mm matching so we shall consider 10 − 7 = 3 rd.
Length of wire = 6.8cm Number of vernier division matching main scale
Diameter of wire = 1.5 mm + 7 × L.C division (n) = 3
= 1.5 mm + 7 × .01 = 1.57 mm Reading
Curved surface area = πDl R2 = M SR + n × LC = 2.8 + 3 × 0.01 = 2.83cm
= 3.14 × 6.8 × 1.57 × 10−1 cm2
= 3.352 cm2 = 3.4 cm2 (10) Main scale division of vernier calliper is 1 mm and
vernier scale division are in A.P.; 1st division is
0.95 mm ; 2nd division is 0.9 mm and so on. When
an object is placed between jaws of vernier
(9) There are two Vernier calipers both of which have calliper, zero of vernier lies between 3.1 cm and
1 cm divided into 10 equal divisions on the main 3.2 cm and 4th division of vernier coincide with
scale. The Vernier scale of one of the calipers (C1 ) main scale division. Reading of vernier is .......... cm
has 10 squal divisions that correspond to 9 main (A) 3.12 (B) 3.14
scale divisions. The Vernier scale of the other
(C) 3.15 (D) 3.18
caliper (C2 ) has 10 equal divisions that
correspond to 11 main scale divisions. The Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
readings of the two calipers are shown in the
figure. The measured values (in cm ) by calipers (11) The uncertain digit in the measurement of a
C1 and C2 , respectively, are [IIT 2016] length reported as 41.68 cm is ...........
12
(A) 4 (B) 1 = 3 + 0.06 + 0.06
= 3.12 cm
(C) 6 (D) 8
Nearest given answer in the options is 3.10
Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
(d) (15) The length and breadth of a metal sheet are
41.68 cm 3.124 m and 3.002 m then area of sheet is
The rightmost digit is most insignificant and (A) 9.376 m2 (B) 9.379 m2
leftmost is most significant. (C) 9.388 m2 (D) 9.378 m2
So, 8 → most insignificant
4 → most significant Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
Area = L × b
(12) The diameter of a wire is measured to be = 3.124 × 3.002
0.0205 × 10−4 m. The number of significant figures = 9.378248
in the measurement is = 9.378
(A) 3 (B) 4
(C) 5 (D) 9 (16) A vernier callipers has 20 divisions on the vernier
scale, which coincides with 19th division on the
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) main scale. The least count of the instrument is
(a) 0.1 mm. One main scale division is equal to .......
mm [JEE MAIN 2024]
(13) The length of a rod is (11.05 ± 0.05) cm. What is (A) 1 (B) 0.5
the length of two rods ?
(C) 2 (D) 5
(A) (22.1 ± 0.05) cm (B) (22.1 ± 0.1) cm
(C) (22.10 ± 0.05) cm (D) (22.10 ± 0.10) cm Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
bi20VSD = 19MSD
MSD
qi
19
1VSD = 20
In the sum or difference of measurements we do
not retain significant digits in those places after L.C. = 1MSD − 1VSD
sa
the decimal in which there were no significant 0.1 mm = 1MSD − 19 20

MSD
digits in any one of the original values. 0.1 = 20 MSD
em
1MSD = 2 mm
(14) In a Vernier Calipers. 10 divisions of Vernier scale
le
is equal to the 9 divisions of main scale. When

(17) A Vernier calipers has 1 mm marks on the main
both jaws of Vernier calipers touch each other,
Sa
scale. It has 20 equal divisions on the Vernier scale

the zero of the Vernier scale is shifted to the left
which match with 16 main scale divisions. For this
of zero of the main scale and 4th Vernier scale
Vernier calipers, the least count is [IIT 2010]
division exactly coincides with the main scale
(A) 0.02 mm (B) 0.05 mm
reading. One main scale division is equal to 1 mm.
While measuring diameter of a spherical body, (C) 0.1 mm (D) 0.2 mm
the body is held between two jaws. It is now
observed that zero of the Vernier scale lies Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
between 30 and 31 divisions of main scale reading L.C.
( = 1 M.S.D
) − 1 V.S.D
and 6th Vernier scale division exactly. coincides = (1 − 16
20)
M.S.D
with the main scale reading. The diameter of the = 1 − 54 (1 mm) = 0.2 mm
spherical body will be .......cm [JEE MAIN 2022]
(A) 3.02 (B) 3.06 (18) A student measured the length of a rod and
wrote it as 3.50 cm. Which instrument did he use
(C) 3.10 (D) 3.20
to measure it? [JEE MAIN 2014]
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) (A) A vernier calliper where the 10 divisions in
1 M.S.D = 1 mm vernier scale matches with 9 division in main
9 M.S.D = 10 V.S.D scale and main scale has 10 divisions in 1 cm.
1 V.S.D = 0.9 M.S.D = 0.9 mm (B) A screw gauge having 100 divisions in the
L.C of vernier caliper = 1 − 0.9 = 0.1 mm = circular scale and pitch as 1 mm.
0.01 cm
zero error = −(10 − 4) × 0.1 mm = −0.6 mm (C) A screw gauge having 50 divisions in the
Reading = M.S.R + V.S.R − Zero error circular scale and pitch as 1 mm.
= 3 cm + 6 × 0.01 − [−0.06] (D) A meter scale.
13
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) Least count (L · C) = 0.5 50
If student measures 3.50cm, it means that there is True reading = 5 + 0.5 50
× 20 − 0.5
50
×5
an uncertainly of order 0.01cm. 0.5
= 5 + 50 (15) = 5.15 mm
For vernier scale with 1MSD = 10 cm and 1
9MSD = 10VSD (22) The vernier constant of Vernier callipers is 0.1 mm

LC of( vernier ) calliper = 1MSD − 1VSD and it has zero error of (−0.05) cm. While
= 10 1 − 10 = 100 cm = 0.01cm
1 9 1 measuring diameter of a sphere, the main scale
reading is 1.7 cm and coinciding vernier division is
(19) When the gap is closed without placing any 5. The corrected diameter will be ........... ×10−2 cm
object in the screw gauge whose least count is [JEE MAIN 2022]
0.005 mm, the 5 division on its circular scale

th (A) 160 (B) 150
with the reference line on main scale, and when a (C) 189 (D) 180
small sphere is placed reading on main scale
advances by 4 divisions, whereas circular scale Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
reading advances by five times to the Measured diameter = M SR + V SR × V C
corresponding reading when no object was = 1.7 + 0.01 × 5
placed. There are 200 divisions on the circular = 1.75
scale. The radius of the sphere is .......... mm Corrected = Measured - Error
(A) 4.10 (B) 4.05 = 1.75 − (−0.05)
(C) 2.10 (D) 2.05 = 1.80 cm
= 180 × 10−2 cm
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) 180
1msd = 200 × 0.005 = 1mm
2r = 4 × 1 + 25 × 0.005 − 5 × 0.005 (23) A vernier callipers used by student has 20
= 4.1 divisions in 1 cm on main scale. 10 vernier
bi
r = 2.05mm divisions coincide with 9 main scale divisions.
qi
When jaws are closed, zero of main scale is on left
of zero of vernier scale and 6 th division of vernier
sa
(20) One main scale division of a vernier callipers is a

cm and n division of the vernier scale coincide
th scale coincides with any of main scale divisions.
with (n − 1) division of the main scale. The least
th He places a wooden cylinder in between the jaws
em
count of the callipers in mm is [JEE MAIN 2021] and measures the length. The zero of vernier scale
(A) (n−1)
10na
(B) (n−1)
10a is on right of 3.20 cm and 8 th vernier division
le
( ) coincides with any main scale division. When he

(C) n−1 (D) 10a
measures thickness of cylinder he finds that zero
Sa
10n
a n
of vernier scale lies on right of 1.50 cm mark of
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) main scale and 6 th division of vernier scale
(n − 1)a = n (a′ ) coincides with any main scale division. The
a′ = (n−1)a
n correct values of measured length and diameter
∴ L · C· = 1M SD − 1V SD are respectively
= (a − a′ ) cm (A) 3.21 cm, 1.50 cm (B) 3.210 cm, 1.500 cm
=a− n (n−1)a
(C) 3.27 cm, 1.93 cm (D) 3.270 cm, 1.560 cm
= (na−na+a
n)
= na cm
= 10a n
mm Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
M · S · 20div = 1cm
(21) In a Screw Gauge, fifth division of the circular 1MsD = 20 1
cm = 0.05cm
scale coincides with the reference line when the 10VsD = 9MsD
ratchet is closed. There are 50 divisions on the | V SD = 10 9
× M SD = 10 9
× 0.05cm
circular scale, and the main scale moves by L · c = 1MsD − 1VsD
0.5 mm on a complete rotation. For a particular = 0.05 − 10 9
× 0.05 = 10
1
× 0.05
observation the reading on the main scale is 5 mm Lc = 0.005cm
and the 20th division of the circular scale zero error: = 6 × LC = 6 × 0.005
coincides with reference line. Calculate the true Zero error = 0.03cm
reading. (in mm) [JEE MAIN 2021] Reading = M · sD + VsD
(A) 5.00 (B) 5.25 =3·2+8×L·c
(C) 5.15 (D) 5.20 = 3 · 2 + 8 × 0.005
= 3 · 2 + 0.04 = 3.24cm
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) Actual reading = Reading - zero emor
14
= 3 · 24 − 0.03 = 3 · 21cm Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
Reading = MsR +V SR number of significant figures is 5 they are
= 1.5 + 6 × 10 1, 1, 1, 1, 8
= 1.5 + 6 × 0.005 = 1.53
= 1.5 + 0.03 = 1.53 (28) Assertion : The number of significant figures
A ctual reading = Reading - zero error depends on the least count of measuring
= 1.530 − 0.03 = 1.5cm instrument.
Reason : Significant figures define the accuracy
(24) In a screw gauge, 5 complete rotations of the of measuring instrument. [AIIMS 2016]
screw cause it to move a linear distance of (A) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
0.25 cm. There are 100 circular scale divisions. The the Reason is a correct explanation of the
thickness of a wire measured by this screw gauge Assertion.
gives a reading of 4 main scale divisions and 30
(B) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is
circular scale divisions . Assuming negligible zero
incorrect.
error, the thickness of the wire is [JEE MAIN 2018]
(A) 0.0430 cm (B) 0.3150 cm (C) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but
(C) 0.4300 cm (D) 0.2150 cm Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(D) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
In one rotation scale moves 0.25 = 0.05cm
5
Least count = 0.05 × 10 cm−2
For 4 main scale division = 4 × 0.05 = 0.2cm Significant figure refers to the accuracy of
For circular scale divosion measurement and accuracy of measurment also
= 30 × 0.05 × 10−2 = 1.5 × 10−2 cm depends upon the least count of measuring
Thickness of wire = 0.2 + 0.015 = 0.2150cm bi instrument.
(25) Which of the following is the most precise device (29) The main scale of vernier callipers reads in
qi
for measuring length millimetre and its vernier is divided into 8
divisions, which coincides with 5 divisions of main
sa
(A) a vernier callipers with 20 divisions on the

scale. When two jaws of instrument touch each
sliding scale
other, the zero of the vernier coincides with the
em
(B) a screw gauge of pitch 1 mm and 100 zero of main scale. A rod is tightly placed along its
divisions on the circular scale length between both jaws. It is observed that the
le
(C) an optical instrument that can measure length zero of vernier scale lies just left to 36th division of
main scale and fourth division of vernier scale
Sa
to within a wavelength of light

coincides with the main scale Then the measured
(D) Precison can not be changed by changing the value is .......... cm
instrument. (A) 3.66 (B) 3.55
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) (C) 3.65 (D) 3.56
(26) 5.74 g of a substance occuples 1.2 cm3 . Express its
density(in g/cm3 ) by keeping the significant (30) A screw gauge has 50 divisions on its circular
figures in view. scale. The circular scale is 4 units ahead of the
(A) 4.7833 (B) 4.8 pitch scale marking, prior to use. Upon one
(C) 4.78 (D) 5 complete rotation of the circular scale, a
displacement of 0.5 mm is noticed on the pitch
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) scale. The nature of zero error involved, and the
There are 3 stgnificant figures in the measured least count of the screw gauge, are respectively
mass whereas there are only 2 significant figures [JEE MAIN 2020]
in the measured volume. Hence the density (A) Negative, 2 µm (B) Positive, 10 µm
should be expressed to only 2 significant figures. (C) Positive, 0.1 µm (D) Positive, 0.1 mm
Density = 5.74 g cm−3
1.2 Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
= 4.8 g cm−3
Least count of screw gauge
(27) What is the number of significant figures in = no. of divisionPitch
on circular scale
−6
11.118 × 10 V = 0.5
50
mm = 1 × 10−5 m
(A) 3 (B) 4 = 10 µm
(C) 5 (D) 6 Zero error in positive
15
(31) In a vernier calliper, when both jaws touch each (A) 2.22 ± (B) 2.22 ±
other, zero of the vernier scale shifts towards left 0.02mm, π(1.23 ± 0.01mm, π(1.23 ±
and its 4th division coincides exactly with a 0.02)mm2 0.01)mm2
certain division on main scale. If 50 vernier scale
(C) 2.14 ± (D) 2.14 ±
divisions equal to 49 main scale divisions and zero
0.02mm, π(1.14 ± 0.01mm, π(1.14 ±
error in the instrument is 0.04 mm then how many
0.02)mm2 0.01)mm2
main scale divisions are there in 1 cm ? [JEE MAIN 2024]
(A) 40 (B) 5 Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(C) 20 (D) 10 LC = 100
0.1
= 0.001mm
Zero error = 4 × 0.001 = 0.004mm
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) Reading 1 = 0.5×4+20×0.001−0.004 = 2.16mm
4th division coincides with 3rd division then Reading 2 = 0.5×4+16×0.001−0.004 = 2.12mm
0.004 cm = 4VSD − 3MSD Mean value = 2.14mm
49MSD = 50VSD Mean absolute error = 0.02+0.02
2
= 0.02
1MSD = 1N{ cm } Diameter = 2.14 ± 0.02
MSD Area = π4 d2
0.004 = 4( 4950 ) ( 1−) 3MSD
0.004 = 50 − 3 N
196
(34) If 97.52 is divided by 2.54, the correct result in
N = 46 × 1000 = 46×1000 = 230
50 4 200 terms of significant figures is
(A) 38.4 (B) 38.3937
(32) A screw gauge with a pitch of 0.5 mm and a
circular scale with 50 divisions is used to measure (C) 38.394 (D) 38.39
the thickness of a thin sheet of Aluminium. Before
starting the measurement, it is found that wen
the two jaws of the screw gauge are brought in (a)Rule: In multiplication or division, the final
contact, the 45th division coincides with the main
bi result should retain as many significant figures as
scale line and the zero of the main scale is barely are there in the original number with the least
qi
visible. What is the thickness of the sheet (in mm) significant figures. 2.54 contain the least
significant figures of 3 97.52
sa
if the main scale reading is 0.5 mm and the 25th 2.54

= 38.393 = 38.4
division coincides with the main scale line [JEE MAIN
(35) A student performs an experiment of measuring
em
2016]
(A) 0.70 (B) 0.50 the thickness of a slab with a vernier calliper
whose 50 divisions of the vernier scale are equal
(C) 0.75 (D) 0.80
le
to 49 divisions of the main scale. He noted that

zero of the vernier scale is between 7.00 cm and
Sa
7.05 cm mark of the main scale and 23r d division
L.C = 0.5
50
= 0.001 mm of the vernier scale exactly coincides with the
zero error = 5 × 0.001 = 0.05 mm negative main scale. The measured value of the thickness
Reading = (0.5 + 25 × 0.01) + 0.05 = 0.80 mm of the given slab using the calliper will be [NEET 2017]
(A) 7.23 (B) 7.023
(33) Area of the cross-section of a wire is measured (C) 7.073 (D) 7.73
using a screw gauge. The pitch of the main scale Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
is 0.5mm. The circular scale has 100 divisions and
a = Main Scale division
for one full rotation of the circular scale, the main
b = vernier
( scale
) division
scale shifts by two divisions. The measured
L.C. = b−a M
readings are listed below. b
= 50−49 M M = Main scale reading
Measurement Main scale Circular scale 50
condition reading reading LC = 50 M = 7.05 − 7.00
M
Two arms of 0 division 4 division

LC· = 0.05
50
M = 0.05
gauge touch- L.C. = 0.001
ing each other Reading = 7 + 0.001 × 23 = 7.023cm
without wire
Attempt-1: 4 division 20 division (36) There are 100 divisions on the circular scale of a
With wire screw gauge of pitch 1 mm. With no measuring
Attempt-2: 4 division 16 division quantity in between the jaws, the zero of the
With wire circular scale lies 5 divisions below the reference
What are the diameter and cross-sectional area of line. The diameter of a wire is then measured
the wire measured using the screw gauge? [IIT 2022] using this screw gauge. It is found the 4 linear
16
scale divisions are clearly visible while 60 divisions = 1.5 × 10−2 mm = 0.015mm
on circular scale coincide with the reference line. Reading = M SR + CSR − (+ ve error )
The diameter of the wire is : [JEE MAIN 2024] = 5.5mm + (48 × 0.5 × 10−2 ) − 0.015
(A) 4.65 mm (B) 4.55 mm = 5.5 + 0.24 − 0.015 = 5.725mm
(C) 4.60 mm (D) 3.35 mm (40) Student A and Student B used two screw gauges
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) of equal pitch and 100 equal circular divisions to
Least count = 100 mm = 0.01 mm
1 measure the radius of a given wire. The actual
value of the radius of the wire is 0.322 cm. The
zero error = +0.05 mm
absolute value of the difference between the
Reading = 4 × 1 mm + 60 × 0.01 mm − 0.05 mm final circular scale readings observed by the
= 4.55 mm students A and B is .... .
[Figure shows position of reference ′ O′ when jaws
(37) The radius of a circle is 2.12 metre. Its area of screw gauge are closed]
according to the rule of significant figures is ......... Given pitch = 0.1 cm. [JEE MAIN 2021]
m2
(A) 14.1 (B) 14.112
(C) 14.11 (D) 14.1124
(a)
(38) Diagrams show readings of a screw gauge. figure

(i) shows the zero error reading when the screw
gauge is closed, figure (ii) the reading when the
screw gauge is being used to measure the bi
diameter of a ball-bearing. What is the diameter
(A) 13 (B) 26
qi
of the ball-bearing in mm? There are 50 divisions
on circular scale (C) 39 (D) 130
sa
em
For A
Reading = MSR + CSR + Error
(A) 5.29 (B) 5.26
0.322 = 0.300 + CSR + 5 × LC
le
(C) 5.32 (D) 5.28 0.322 = 0.300 + CSR + 0.005

Sa
CSR = 0.017
For B
Zero error is 3 division Reading = MSR + CSR + Error
LC = 0.5
50
= 0.01mm 0.322 = 0.200 + CSR + 0.092
zero error = 0.03mm CSR = 0.030
Reading = 5.0 + 29 × 0.01 Difference = 0.030 − 0.017 = 0.013cm
d = 5.29 − 0.03 = 5.26mm Division on circular scale = 0.013 = 13
0.001
(39) The pitch and the number of divisions, on the (41) If the value of resistance is 10.845 ohm and the
circular scale, for a given screw gauge are 0.5 mm value of current is 3.23 amp, the value of potential
and 100 respectively. When the screw gauge is with significant numbers would be ........... volt
fully tightened without any object, the zero of its (A) 35.0 (B) 3.50
circular scale lies 3 divisions below the mean line.
The readings of the main scale and the circular (C) 35.029 (D) 35.030
scale for a thin sheet, are 5.5 mm and 48 Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
respectively, the thickness of this sheet is [JEE MAIN (a)
2019]
(A) 5.755 mm (B) 5.950 mm (42) In finding out refractive index of glass slab the
(C) 5.725 mm (D) 5.740 mm following observations were made through
travelling microscope 50 vernier scale division =
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) 49MSD; 20 divisions on main scale in each cm For
P itch
LC = No.ofdivision mark on paper
LC = 0.5 × 10−2 mm MSR = 8.45 cm, VC = 26
+ve error = 3 × 0.5 × 10−2 mm For mark on paper seen through slab
17
MSR = 7.12 cm, VC = 41 the number of significant figures.Thus, the
For powder particle on the top surface of the number, 5.23 × 105 contains 3 significant
glass slab figures.All the three digits (5, 2 and 3) are
MSR = 4.05 cm, VC = 1 significant.
(MSR = Main Scale Reading, VC = Vernier
Coincidence) (46) The density of a solid ball is to be determined in
Refractive index of the glass slab is: [JEE MAIN 2024] an experiment. The diameter of the ball is
(A) 1.42 (B) 1.52 measured with a screw gauge, whose pitch is
0.5 mm and there are 50 divisions on the circular
(C) 1.24 (D) 1.35
scale. The reading on the main scale is 2.5 mm
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) and that on the circular scale is 20 divisions. If the
1MSD = 120cm = 0.05 cm measured mass of the ball has a relative error of
1VSD = 49 MSD = 49 × 0.05 cm = 0.049 cm 2%, the relative percentage error in the density is
50 50
LC = 1MSD − 1VSD = 0.001 cm [IIT 2011]
For mark on paper, L1 = 8.45 cm + 26 × 0.001 cm (A) 0.9% (B) 2.4%

= 84.76 mm (C) 3.1% (D) 4.2%
For mark on paper through slab, L2 = 7.12 cm+
41 × 0.001 cm = 71.61 mm Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
For powder particle on top surface, ZE = 4.05 cm Given
+1 × 0.001 cm = 40.51 mm Screw gauge readings
∴ actual L1 = 84.76 − 40.51 = 44.25 mm Pitch = 0.5 mm
actual L2 = 71.61 − 40.51 = 31.10 mm Circular scale division = 50
L2 = Lµ1 Main scale reading = 2.5 mm
⇒ µ = LL12 = 44.25 = 1.42 Least count = 0.5 50
= 0.01 mm
31.10
bi Circular scale division reading = 2 odivisions
(43) The area of a square is 5.29 cm2 . The area of 7 such Relative error = 2%
qi
squares taking into account the significant figures So,
Then dimensions reading from screw gauge =
sa
is ........... cm2 [JEE MAIN 2019]

(A) 37 (B) 37.0 Diameter of a solid ball
S.G.
( Reading = main ) scale reading
em
(C) 37.03 (D) 37.030 pitch

+ circular scale division × circular scale division
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) reading
le
T otal Area = A1 + A2 + ..........A7 Diameter of solid ball = 2.5 + 0.5 50

× 20 = 2.7 mm
Sa
mass
= A + A + ............7 times As density ρ = Volume = 4π D 3 M
= 37.03 m2 3 ( 2 )
Addition of 7 terms all having 2 terms The relative (percentage)error in the density is
∆ρ
× 100 = ∆M + 3∆D × 100
beyound decimal, so f inal answer must ρ ( ∆M M D )
have 2 terms beyond decimal (as per % (error = M ) × 100 + D × 100 3∆D
rules of signif icant digits) = 2 + 3 × 0.01 2.7

× 100
= 3.1%
(44) If a calculated value 2.7465 g contains only three
significant figures, the two insignificant digits in it (47) Two full turns of the circular scale of screw gauge
are ............ cover a distance of 1 mm on scale. The total
(A) 2 and 7 (B) 7 and 4 number of divisions on circular scale is 50. Further,
(C) 6 and 5 (D) 4 and 6 it is found that screw gauge has a zero error of
+0.03 mm. While measuring the diameter of a
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) thin wire a student notes the main scale reading
(c) of 3 mm and the number of circular scale division
2.7465 g ⇒ Last two digits are most insignificant in line, with the main scale is 35. The diameter of
the wire is .......... mm
(45) The number of significant figure in 6.25 × 105 is (A) 3.32 (B) 3.73
(A) 11 (B) 6 (C) 3.67 (D) 3.38
(C) 4 (D) 3
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) pitch = 1mm
2
= 0.5mm
When numbers are written in scientific notation, LC = 50 = 0.01mm
0.5mm
then the number of digits between 1 and 10 gives observed diameter
18
= 3mm + (35 × 0.01mm) (zero error)
= 3.35mm = [3 + 35 × 0.01] − (−0.03) = 3.38 mm
Actual diameter
(52) The vernier scale used for measurement has a
= observed − error
positive zero error of 0.2 mm. If while taking a
= 3.35mm − (+0.03mm)
measurement it was noted that ′ 0′ on the vernier
= 3.32 mm
scale lies between 8.5 cm and 8.6 cm vernier
(48) The area of a rectangular field (in m2 ) of length coincidence is 6, then the correct value of
55.3 m and breadth 25 m after rounding off the measurement is ............. cm. (least count = 0.01 cm)
value for correct significant digits is [NEET 2022] [JEE MAIN 2021]
(A) 1382 (B) 1382.5 (A) 8.36 (B) 8.54
(C) 14 × 102 (D) 138 × 101 (C) 8.58 (D) 8.56

Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
Positive zero error = 0.2mm
Area = Length × Breadth Main scale reading = 8.5cm
= 55.3 × 25 Vernier scale reading = 6 × 0.01 = 0.06cm
= 1382.5 Final reading = 8.5 + 0.06 − 0.02 = 8.54cm
= 14 × 102
(53) What is the number of significant figures in
(49) If 50 Vernier divisions are equal to 49 main scale 0.310 × 103
divisions of a travelling microscope and one (A) 2 (B) 3
smallest reading of main scale is 0.5 mm, the (C) 4 (D) 6
Vernier constant of travelling microscope is: [JEE
MAIN 2024]
(A) 0.1 mm (B) 0.1 cm (b) Number of significant figures are 3, because
(C) 0.01 cm (D) 0.01 mm
bi 103 is decimal multiplier.
qi
(54) If in a Vernier callipers 10 V SD coincides with
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) 8 M SD, then the least count of Vernier calliper is
sa
50 V + S = 49 S + S ............ m [given 1 M SD = 1 mm]

S = 50( S − V) (A) 1 × 10−4 (B) 2 × 10−4
em
5 = 50( S − V)
S − V = 0.5 1
= 100 = 0.01 mm (C) 1 × 10−3 (D) 8 × 10−4
50
le
(50) The radius of a disc is 1.2 cm. Its area according to (b)
Sa
the concept of significant figures will be given by

(A) 4.5216 (B) 4.521 (55) The number of significant figures in 200.40 is
(A) 4 (B) 5
(C) 4.52 (D) 4.5
(C) 2 (D) 3
Area of disk
All the digits in 200.40 are significant since zeroes
= πR2 = (3.14)(1.2)2 = 4.5216 = 4.5 cm2
after non zero digit after decimal are significant.
(51) Two full turns of the circular scale of a screw Therefore, 5 is correct answer.
gauge cover a distance of 1 mm on its main scale. (56) The length, breadth and thickness of a block are
The total number of divisions on the circular scale given by l = 12 cm, b = 6 cm and t = 2.45 cm The
is 50. Further, it is found that the screw gauge has volume of the block according to the idea of
a zero error of −0.03 mm. While measuring the significant figures should be
diameter of a thin wire, a student notes the main (A) 1 × 102 cm3 (B) 2 × 102 cm3
scale reading of 3 mm and the number of circular
scale divisions in line with the main scale as 35. (C) 1.763 × 102 cm3 (D) None of these
The diameter of the wire is ....... mm [AIEEE 2008] Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(A) 3.38 (B) 3.32 (b) Volume V = l × b × t
(C) 3.73 (D) 3.67 = 12 × 6 × 2.45= 176.4 cm3
V = 1.764 × 102 cm3
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) since, the minimum number of significant figure is
Least count of screw gauge = 50 mm = 0.01mm
0.5
one in breadth, hence volume will also contain
∴ Reading = only one significant figure. Hence,
[M ain scale reading + circular scale reading × L.C]− V = 2 × 102 cm3 .
19
(57) In a screw gauge, 5 complete rotations of circular Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
scale give 1.5 mm reading on linear scale. Circular (a)
scale has 50 divisions. Least count of the screw Here, 10 divisions of vernier scall = 11 main scale
gauge is divisions
(A) 0.006 mm (B) 0.003 mm So, 1 vernier scale division = 11
10
main
(C) 0.015 mm (D) 0.03 mm scale divisions
Now, we use formula for least count,
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) Least count = 1 main scale division −1
Pitch = 1.5
5
= 0.3mm vernier scale division.
Least count = 0.3
50
= 0.006mm ⇒ ( LC = ) 1M SD − 1V SD
= 1 − 1011
M SD
(58) While measuring diameter of wire using screw = − 10 M SD
1
gauge the following readings were noted. Main = − 101

× 1 mm
scale reading is 1 mm and circular scale reading is = −0.1 mm
equal to 42 divisions. Pitch of screw gauge is So, magnitude of least count is 0.1 mm.
1 mm and it has 100 divisions on circular scale.
The diameter of the wire is 50x
mm. The value of x (61) Using screw gauge of pitch 0.1 cm and 50
is : [JEE MAIN 2024] divisions on its circular scale, the thickness of an
(A) 142 (B) 71 object is measured. It should correctly be
(C) 42 (D) 21 recorded as [JEE MAIN 2020]
(A) 2.123 cm (B) 2.125 cm
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) (C) 2.121 cm (D) 2.124 cm
MSR = 1 mm, CSR = 42, pitch = 1 mm
( 1 ) Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
LC = No.pitch
of CSD
= = 0.01 mm pitch
100
Diameter = MSR + LC × CSD
biLC = CSD = 0.1cm
50
= 0.002cm
So any measurement will be integral
Diameter = 1 + (0.01) × 42 mm
qi
x
Multiple of LC.
Diameter = 1.42 mm = 50 will be 2.124cm
sa
∴ x = 71
(62) In a vernier callipers, each cm on the main scale is
em
(59) A travelling microscope is used to determine the divided into 20 equal parts. If tenth vernier scale
refractive index of a glass slab. If 40 divisions are division coincides with nineth main scale division.
there in 1 cm on main scale and 50 Vernier scale
le
Then the value of vernier constant will be

divisions are equal to 49 main scale divisions, then . . . × 10−2 mm [JEE MAIN 2022]
Sa
least count of the travelling microscope is (A) 3 (B) 5

. . . × 10−6 m [JEE MAIN 2022]
(C) 7 (D) 9
(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 4 (D) 5 Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
20 M SD = 1 cm
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) 1 M SD = 20 1
cm
50 V SD = 49 M SD 10 V SD = 9 M SD
1 V SD = 49 50
M SD 1 V SD = 109
M SD
Least
( count ) = 1M SD1 − 1V SD = 10 × 20 cm
9 1
= 1 − 4950
M SD = 50 M SD 9
1V SD = 200 cm
VC = 1M SD − 1 V SD
1
1 M SD = 40 cm
Least count = 50×40 1
cm 1
= 20 cm − 200
9
cm
−5 = 200 × 10 mm
= 2000 cm = 2 × 10 m
1 1 1
= 0.5 × 10−5 m VC = 5 × 10−2 mm

= 5 × 10−6 m Ans. 5
(60) A specially designed Vernier calliper has the main (63) Least count of a vernier caliper is 201 N cm. The
scale least count of 1 mm. On the Vernier scale, value of one division on the main scale is 1 mm.
there are 10 equal divisions and they match with Then the number of divisions of main scale that
11 main scale divisions. Then, the least count of coincide with N divisions of vernier scale is : [JEE
the Vernier calliper is ........... mm [KVPY 2019] MAIN 2024]
( ) ( )
(A) 0.1 (B) 0.909 (A) 220N−1 N
(B) 2 N−1
2
( )
(C) 1.1 (D) 0.09 (C) (2 N − 1) (D) 2 2N−1
N
20
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) For vernier callipers, 1 main scale division = 18 cm 1
Least count of vernier calipers = 201 N cm vernier scale division = 10
1
cm
∵ Least count= 1MSD − 1VSD So least count = 40 cm
1
let x no. of divisions of main scale coincides with For screw gauge, pitch (p) = 2 main scale division
N division of vernier scale, then So least count = 100p
1VSD = x×1Nmm So option (B) and (C) are correct.

∴ 201 N cm = 1 mm − x×1Nmm (66) An experiment is performed to obtain the value
1
2N (
mm = 1 mm − Nx mm of acceleration due to gravity g by using a simple
) pendulum of length L. In this experiment time for
x = 1 − 21N N
100 oscillations is measured by using a watch of
x = 2 N−1
2 1 second least count and the value is 90.0 seconds.
(64) Match List - I with List - II. The length L is measured by using a meter scale
of least count 1 mm and the value is 20.0 cm. The
List - I (N umber) −
error in the determination of g would be ........... %
List II
(Signif icantf igure)
[JEE MAIN 2014]
(A) 1.7 (B) 2.7
(A) 1001 (I) 3
(B) 010.1 (II) 4
(C) 4.4 (D) 2.27
(C) 100.100 (III) 5
(D) 0.0010010 (IV ) 6 √
Choose the correct answer from the options Here, T = 2π Lg or T 2 = 4π 2 (L/g)
given below : [JEE MAIN 2024]
So, g = 4πT 2L
2
(A) (A) − (III), (B) − (IV ), (C) − (II), (D) − (I) Thus, ∆g = ∆L + 2 ∆T
g L T
(B) (A) − (IV ), (B) − (III), (C) − (I), (D) − (II) bi % error in g = ∆g × 100
( ∆L ) g
(C) (A) − (II), (B) − (I), (C) − (IV ), (D) − (III) = ( L + 2 T × 100
∆T
)
qi
(D) (A) − (I), (B) − (II), (C) − (III), (D) − (IV ) +2× × 100 = 2.72%
(1/10) 1
=
sa
20 90
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) (67) Round off the value 2.845 to three significant
em
Theoretical figures.
(A) 2.85 (B) 2.84
(65) Consider a Vernier callipers in which each 1 cm on
(C) 2.80 (D) 2.83
le
the main scale is divided into 8 equal divisions

and a screw gauge with 100 divisions on its
Sa
circular scale. In the Vernier callipers, 5 divisions (b)
of the Vernier scale coincide with 4 divisions on 2.845 ⇒ 2.84
the main scale and in the screw gauge, one
complete rotation of the circular scale moves it (68) N divisions on the main scale of a vernier calliper
by two divisions on the linear scale. Then: coincide with (N + 1) divisions of the vernier
(A) If the pitch of the screw gauge is twice the scale. If each division of main scale is a units ,
least count of the Vernier callipers, the least then the least count of the instrument is [AIEEE 2012]
count of the screw gauge is 0.01 mm. (A) a (B) Na
(B) If the pitch of the screw gauge is twice the (C) NN+1 × a (D) Na+1
least count of the Vernier callipers, the least
count of the screw gauge is 0.005 mm. Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
(C) If the least count of the linear scale of the N o of divisions on main scale = N
screw gauge is twice the least count of the N o of divisions on vernier scale = N + 1
Vernier callipers, the least count of the screw Size of main scale divisions = a
gauge is 0.01 mm. Let size of vernier scale division be b then we have
(D) If the least count of the linear scale of the aN = b (N + 1) ⇒ b = NaN +1
screw gauge is twice the least count of the Least[ count is
] a − b = a − aN
N +1
Vernier callipers, the least count of the screw = a NN +1−N
+1
= Na+1
gauge is 0.005 mm. [IIT 2015]
(A) (A, D) (B) (B, D) (69) The number of significant figures in all the given
numbers 25.12, 2009, 4.156 and 1.217 × 10−4 is
(C) (B, C) (D) (C, D)
(A) 1 (B) 2
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) (C) 3 (D) 4
21
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) So difference at 3 rd reading of vernier scale is
(d) The number of significant figures in all of the 2 × 0.01 cm
given number is 4. ⇒ difference at and reading of vernier scale will
be 3 × 0.01 cm = 0.03 cm
(70) The smallest division on the main scale of a
Vernier calipers is 0.1cm. Ten divisions of the (72) The result after adding 3.8 × 10−6 with 4.2 × 10−5
Vernier scale correspond to nine divisions of the with due regard to significant figures is-
main scale. The figure below on the left shows (A) 4.58 × 10−5 (B) 0.458 × 10−4
the reading of this calipers with no gap between (C) 4.6 × 10−5 (D) 45.8 × 10−6
its two jaws. The figure on the right shows the
reading with a solid sphere held between the Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
jaws. The correct diameter of the sphere is [IIT 2021] 3.8 × 10−6 + 42.0 × 10−6
= 45.8 × 10−6
= 4.6 × 10−5
Significant figure after decimal should be equal to
one.
(73) The radius of a thin wire is 0.16 mm. The area of

(A) 3.07cm (B) 3.11cm cross-section taking significant figure into
consideration in square millimeters is?
(C) 3.15cm (D) 3.17cm (A) 0.0804 (B) 0.080
Given 10V SD = 9M SD
Here MSD → Main Scale division Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
1V SD = 10 9
M SD biArea = πr2 = π × 0.162 = 0.080384
VSD → Vernier Scale division 0.16 has 2 significant digits
So, answer should also have 2 significant digits.
qi
Least
( count ) = 1M SD − 1V SD
= 1 − 10 So, the answer is 0.080mm2
sa
9
M SD
= 0.1M SD
(74) The result after adding 3.8 × 10−6 with 4.2 × 10−5
= 0.1 × 0.1cm
em
with due regard to significant figures is

= 0.01cm
(A) 4.58 × 10−5 (B) 0.458 × 10−4
As ’0’ of V.S. lie before ’0’ of M.S.
le
Zero error = −[10 − 6] L.C. (C) 4.6 × 10−5 (D) 45.8 × 10−6
= −4 × 0.01cm
Sa
= −0.04cm
Reading = 3.1cm + 1 × LC 3.8 × 10−6 + 42.0 × 10−6 = 45.8 × 10−6
= 3.4cm + 1 × 0.01cm = 4.6 × 10−5
= 3.11cm Significant figure after decimal should be equal to
True diameter = Reading − Zero error one.
= 3.11 − (−0.04)cm = 3.15cm (75) The volume of a sphere is 1.76 cm3 . The volume of
25 such spheres taking into account the
(71) The figure of a centimetre scale below shows a
significant figure is
particular position of the Vernier calipers. In this
(A) 0.44 × 102 cm3 (B) 44.0 cm3
position, the value of x shown in the figure is ..........
cm (figure is not to scale) [KVPY 2017] (C) 44 cm3 (D) 44.00 cm3
Volume of 1 sphere = 1.76cm3
Volume of 25 spheres = 25 × 1.76
= 44cm3
(A) 0.02 (B) 3.65 = 44.0cm3
(C) 4.15 (D) 0.03 (Since volume is reported in 3 significant figure)
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) (76) Time periods of oscillation of the same simple
(D) pendulum measured using four different
At the 4 th reading of vernier’s scale, the length measuring clocks were recorded as
between the two scales is min. and will be the 4.62 s, 4.632 s, 4.6 s and 4.64 s. The arithmetic
least count = 0.01 cm mean of these reading in correct significant figure
22
is. [JEE MAIN 2024] (80) 10 divisions on the main scale of a Vernier calliper
(A) 4.623 s (B) 4.62 s coincide with 11 divisions on the Vernier scale. If
(C) 4.6 s (D) 5 s each division on the main scale is of 5 units, the
least count of the instrument is : [JEE MAIN 2024]
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) (A) 12 (B) 10
11
Sum of number by considering significant digit
(C) 50
(D) 5
sum = 4.6 + 4.6 + 4.6 + 4.6 = 18.4 11 11
Arithmetic Mean = sum4

= 18.4
4
= 4.6 Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
10MSD = 11VSD
(77) In an experiment the angles are required to be 1VSD = 11 10
MSD
measured using an instrument, 29 divisions of the LC = 1MSD − 1VSD
main scale exactly coincide with the 30 divisions = 1MSD − 11 10
MSD
of the vernier scale. If the smallest division of the
= 1MSD
main scale is half- a degree (= 0.5o ), then the 11
− 11
5
units
least count of the instrument is [AIEEE 2009]
(A) 1o (B) 12
o
(81) A screw gauge gives the following readings when
(C) 1 ′
(D) ( 12 )′ used to measure the diameter of a wire
Main scale reading : 0 mm
Circular scale reading : 52 divisions
30 Divisions of vernier scale coincide with 29 Given that 1 mm on main scale corresponds to
divisions of main scales 100 divisions on the circular scale. The diameter
Therefore 1 V.S.D = 2930
M SD of the wire from the above data is ...... cm [NEET 2021]
Least count (A) 0.52 (B) 0.026
= 1 M SD − 1V SD = 1M SD − 29 M SD
= 30 M SD = 30 × 0.5 = 1 minute
1 1 ◦
30
(C) 0.26 (D) 0.052
bi
(78) The least count of the main scale of a vernier
qi
Pitch
callipers is 1 mm. Its vernier scale is divided into L.C. = C.SD
= 0.01 m = 0.001 cm
sa
10 divisions and coincide with 9 divisions of the = 1mm

100
main scale. When jaws are touching each other, Radius = M.S. + n(L − I)
em
the 7 th division of vernier scale coincides with a = 0 + 52(0.001)

division of main scale and the zero of vernier scale = 0.052 cm
is lying right side of the zero of main scale. When
le
(82) A length 5.997m rounded off to three significant

this vernier is used to measure length of a cylinder
figures is written as .......... m
Sa
the zero of the vernier scale between 3.1 cm and

(A) 6.00 (B) 5.99
3.2 cm and 4th V SD coincides with a main scale
division.The length of the cylinder is .....cm (C) 5.95 (D) 5.90
(V SD is vernier scale division) [JEE MAIN 2020]
(A) 3.21 (B) 2.99
(a)
(C) 3.2 (D) 3.07 5.997 ⇒ 6.00 m
(83) Asseretion A : If in five complete rotations of the
Least count = 1mm or 0.01cm
circular scale, the distance travelled on main scale
Zero error = 0 + 0.01 × 7 = 0.07cm
of the screw gauge is 5 mm and there are 50 total
Reading = 3.1 + (0.01 × 4) − 0.07
divisions on circular scale, then least count is
= 3.1 + 0.04 − 0.07
0.001 cm.
= 3.1 − 0.03
Reason R : Least Count = Total divisionsPitch
on circular scale
= 3.07cm
In the light of the above statements, choose the
(79) The decimal equivalent of 20 1
upto three most appropriate answer from the options given
significant figures is below: [JEE MAIN 2021]
(A) 0.0500 (B) 0.05000 (A) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct
explanation of A
(C) 0.0050 (D) 5.0 × 10−2
(B) A is not correct but R is correct.
(a) 20
1
= 0.05 (C) Both A and R are correct and R is NOT the
Decimal equivalent upto 3 significant figures is correct explanation of A.
0.0500 (D) A is correct but R is not correct.
23
( )
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) = M SD 1 − N
N +1
= M SD
N +1
Least count = total divisionPitch
on circular scale = 0.01
= 1
In 5 revolution, distance travel, 5 mm

N +1 100(N +1)
In 1 revolution, it will travel 1 mm. (88) An object of mass 4.237g occupies a volume
So least count = 50 1
= 0.02 1.72cm3 . The density of the object to appropriate
significant figures is ......... gcm−3
(84) The number of significant figures in the measured
(A) 2.46 (B) 2.463
value 4.700 m is the same as that in the value .......
m (C) 2.5 (D) 2.50
(A) 4700 (B) 0.047
(C) 4070 (D) 470.0
(a)
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) m = 4.237 g
(d) V = 1.72 cm3
Mass
4.700 ⇒ Four significant figures. Density = Volume 4.237 g
= 1.72 cm3
Also, 470.0 m ⇒ Four significant figures. ⇒= 2.46 gcm−3
(85) A screwgauage has pitch 1.5 mm and there is no (89) Value of round off of numbers 2.745 and 2.735
zero error. Linear scale has marking at upto 3 significant digits will be
M SD = 1 mm and there are 100 equal division of (A) 2.75 and 2.74 (B) 2.74 and 2.73
circular scale. When diameter of a sphere is
(C) 2.75 and 2.73 (D) 2.74 and 2.74
measured with instrument, main scale is having
2 mm mark visible on linear scale, but 3 mm mark Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
is not visible, 76th division of circuler scale is in While rounding off measurements, we use the
line with linear scale. .......... mm is the diameter of bi following rules by convention:
sphere. 1. If the digit to be dropped is less than 5, then
(A) 3.14 (B) 2.64
qi
the preceding digit is left unchanged.
(C) 1.14 (D) 2.76 2. If the digit to be dropped is more than 5 , then
sa
the preceding digit is raised by one.

Solution:(Correct Answer:A) 3. If the digit to be dropped is 5 followed by
em
diameter = 2 + L.C × C.S.R digits other than zero, then the preceding digit is
= 1.5mm + 1.5100
mm
× 76 = 3.14 mm raised by one.
4. If digit to be dropped is 5 or 5 followed by
le
(86) Find the value of 1.53×0.9995 with due regard for zeros, then preceding digit is left unchanged, if it
Sa
1.592
significant figures is even.
(A) 0.921 (B) 0.123 5. If digit to be dropped is 5 or 5 followed by
(C) 0.961 (D) 0.913 zeros, then the preceding digit is raised by one, if
it is odd Units and Measurements
Let us round off 2.745 to 3 significant figures.
1.53 × 0.9995 = 1.529 = 1.53..... By applying Here the digit to be dropped is 5, then preceding
significant figure rule digit is left unchanged, if it is even. Hence on
1.53×0.9995 1.53
1.592
= 1.592 = 0.961 rounding off 2.745 , it would be 2.74
Now consider 2.737, here also the digit to be
(87) In a vernier callipers, (N + 1) divisions of vernier
dropped is 5, then the preceding digit is raised by
scale coincide with N divisions of main scale. If
one, if it is odd. Hence on rounding off 2.735 to 3
1MSD represents 0.1 mm, the vernier constant (in
significant figures, it would be 2.74
cm ) is: [NEET 2024]
(A) 100(N1
(B) 100 N
+1) (90) A screw gauge has least count of 0.01 mm and
(C) 10(N + 1) (D) 1
10 N
there are 50 divisions in its circular scale. The
pitch of the screw gauge is ........mm [NEET 2020]
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) (A) 1.0 (B) 0.01
V · C = M SD − V SD
(C) 0.25 (D) 0.5
given : (N + 1)V SD = N M SD ........(1)
( )
VSD = NN+1 M SD Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
given : (N + 1)VSD = N MSD ........(2) Pitch
L.C. = Number of division on circular scale
From (1) and (2) ⇒ 0.01mm = Pitch 50
V · C = (M SD) − NN+1 (M SD) ⇒ Pitch = 0.5mm
24
(91) A screw gauge has some zero error but its value is ∴ V = 4.234 × 1.005 × 0.0201
unknown. We have two identical rods. When the ∴ V = 0.0855m3 to correct significant digits
first rod is inserted in the screw, the state of the
instrument is shown by diagram (I). When both (94) A travelling microscope has 20 divisions per cm on
the rods are inserted together in series then the the main scale while its Vernier scale has total 50
state is shown by the diagram (II). What is the divisions and 25 Vernier scale divisions are equal
zero error of the instrument ? .......... mm to 24 main scale divisions, what is the least count
1 M.S.D. = 100 C.S.D. = 1 mm of the travelling microscope .......... cm [JEE MAIN 2022]
(A) 0.001 (B) 0.0002
(C) 0.002 (D) 0.005
1
1 M SD = 20 cm
24
1 V SD = 25 M SD = (
24
25
× )20
1
cm
∴ Least count = 20 1 − 25 cm
1 24
1
= 20 × 25
1 1
= 500 cm
= 0.002 cm
(95) The addition of three masses 1.6 g, 7.32 g and

(A) −0.16 (B) +0.16 4.238 g, addressed upto proper decimal places is
....... g
(C) +0.14 (D) −0.14 (A) 13.158 (B) 13.2
ℓ + x = 2.12
bi
qi
2ℓ + x = 4.10
x = 0.14 (b)
sa
m1 = 1.6 g
(92) A student measuring the diameter of a pencil of m2 = 7.32 g
circular cross-section with the help of a vernier
em
m3 = 4.238 g
scale records the following four readings m1 + m2 + m3 = 13.158 g
5.50 mm, 5.55 mm,5.45 mm; 5.65 mm. The average but answer should be reported in one decimal
le
of these four readings is 5.5375 mm and the place only.

Sa
standard deviation of the data is 0.07395 mm. The ∴ m = 13.2 g

average diameter of the pencil should therefore
be recorded as [JEE MAIN 2020] (96) A spectrometer gives the following reading when
(A) (5.5375 ± 0.0739) mm(B) (5.538 ± 0.074) mm
used to measure the angle of a prism.
(C) (5.54 ± 0.07) mm (D) (5.5375 ± 0.0740) mm Main scale reading : 58.5 degree
Vernier scale reading : 09 divisions
Given that 1 division on main scale corresponds
Use significant figures. Answer must be upto to 0.5 degree. Total divisions on the Vernier scale
three significant figures. is 30 and match with 29 divisions of the main
scale. The angle of the prism from the above data
(93) The length, breath and thickness of a metal sheet
....... degree [AIEEE 2012]
are 4.234 m, 1.005 m, and 2.01 cm respectively
(A) 59 (B) 58.59
then the volume of the sheet is
(A) 8.72m2 , 0.0855m3 (B) 8.12m2 , 0.0755m3 (C) 58.77 (D) 58.65
(C) 7.82m2 , 1.0855m3 (D) 7.12m2 , 0.3855m3
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) Reading of vernier = main scalr reading
A = 2 × (L × B + B × T + T × L) + vernier scale reading × least count.
∴A= Main scale reading = 58.5
2×(4.234×1.005+1.005×0.0201+0.0201×4.234) vernier scale reading = 09division
∴ A = 2 × (4.2552 + 0.0202 + 0.0851) least count of vernier = 0.5◦ /30
Thus R = 58.5◦ + 9 × 0.5
◦
∴ A = 8.721m2 30
∴ A = 8.721m2 to correct significant digits R = 58.65
V =L×B×T
25
(97) A cube has a side of length 1.2 × 10−2 m. Diameter = M SR + LC × V SR
Calculate its volume. [IIT 2003] = 1.3 + 0.01 × 2
(A) 1.7 × 10−6 m3 (B) 1.73 × 10−6 m3 = 1.3 + 0.02 = 1.32cm
(C) 1.70 × 10−6 m3 (D) 1.732 × 10−6 m3
l = 1.2 × 10−2 m
V = l3 = (1.2 × 10−2 )3 = 1.732 × 10−6 m3
V = 1.7 × 10−6 m3
(98) In an experiment with Vernier callipers of least

count 0.1 mm, when two jaws are joined together
the zero of Vernier scale lies right to the zero of
the main scale and 6th division of Vernier scale
coincides with the main scale division. While
measuring the diameter of a spherical bob, the
zero of vernier scale lies in between 3.2 cm and
3.3 cm marks, and 4th division of vernier scale
coincides with the main scale division. The
diameter of bob is measured as ....... cm [JEE MAIN 2023]
(A) 3.18 (B) 3.25
(C) 3.26 (D) 3.22
LC = 0.1 mm bi
Zero Error = 6 × LC = 0.6 mm
Reading = M SR + V SR × LC − Zero Error
qi
= [32 mm + (0.1)4 mm] − 0.6 mm
sa
= 31.8 mm
= 3.18 cm
em
(99) What is the number of significant figures in 3400

(A) 2 (B) 5
le
(C) 6 (D) 7
Sa
Trailing zeros in a whole number are not
significant. Hence 3400 has 2 significant digits
only.
(100) In a vernier callipers, 10 divisions of vernier scale

coincides with 9 divisions of main scale, the least
count of which is 0.1 cm. If in the measurement of
inner diameter of cylinder zero of vernier scale
lies between 1.3 cm and 1.4 cm of main scale and
2nd division of vernier scale coincides with main
scale division then diameter will be .......... cm
(A) 1.30 (B) 1.34
(C) 1.32 (D) 1.36
LC = 1MSD − 1VSD
= 1MSD − 10 9
MSD  
( ) Also
= 1 − 109
× 1MSD  10VSD = 9MSD 
9
1VSD = 10 MSD
= 0.1 × 0.1cm
= 0.01 cm
26

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Significant figures and Measuring

.............. Physics - Section A (MCQ) ..............

(A) 6.8 (B) 3.4

scale. The Vernier scale of one of the calipers (C1 )

has 10 squal divisions that correspond to 9 main

the zero of the Vernier scale is shifted to the left

division exactly coincides with the main scale

the body is held between two jaws. It is now (A) 10na

0.02mm, π(1.14 ± 0.01mm, π(1.14 ± (A) 5.755 mm (B) 5.950 mm

(C) 38.394 (D) 38.39

the thickness of a slab with a vernier calliper students A and B is .... .

7.05 cm mark of the main scale and 23r d division

measured mass of the ball has a relative error of 0.310 × 103

reading with a solid sphere held between the

division.The length of the cylinder is .....cm

(C) 3.2 (D) 3.07

(79) The decimal equivalent of 20

(A) 0.02 (B) 3.65 (A) 0.0500 (B) 0.05000

cross-section taking significant figure into (C) 50

(86) Find the value of 1.53×0.9995

(99) What is the number of significant figures in 3400

coincides with 9 divisions of main scale, the least

count of which is 0.1 cm. If in the measurement of

Physics - Section A (MCQ)

1-C 2-B 3-B 4-C 5-D 6-A 7-A 8-B 9-B 10 - C

Physics - Section A (MCQ)

(5) The diameter of a spherical bob is measured using

main scale reading is 10 mm and 8th division of

(7) Three measurements are made as

(a) LC = 1M SD − 1V SD = 0.1 − 0.09 = 0.01cm

[Screw gauge has 50 divisions on the circular Least count

Here we should note that size of vernier scale

division is bigger than main scale division, hence

the decimal in which there were no significant 0.1 mm = 1MSD − 19 20

is equal to the 9 divisions of main scale. When

scale. It has 20 equal divisions on the Vernier scale

9MSD = 10VSD (22) The vernier constant of Vernier callipers is 0.1 mm

0.005 mm, the 5 division on its circular scale

(20) One main scale division of a vernier callipers is a

( ) coincides with any main scale division. When he

(A) a vernier callipers with 20 divisions on the

to within a wavelength of light

if the main scale reading is 0.5 mm and the 25th 2.54

to 49 divisions of the main scale. He noted that

Two arms of 0 division 4 division

(38) Diagrams show readings of a screw gauge. figure

(C) 5.32 (D) 5.28 0.322 = 0.300 + CSR + 0.005

For mark on paper, L1 = 8.45 cm + 26 × 0.001 cm (A) 0.9% (B) 2.4%

is ........... cm2 [JEE MAIN 2019]

(C) 37.03 (D) 37.030 pitch

T otal Area = A1 + A2 + ..........A7 Diameter of solid ball = 2.5 + 0.5 50

rules of signif icant digits) = 2 + 3 × 0.01 2.7

then the number of digits between 1 and 10 gives observed diameter

(A) 1382 (B) 1382.5 (A) 8.36 (B) 8.54

(C) 14 × 102 (D) 138 × 101 (C) 8.58 (D) 8.56

50 V + S = 49 S + S ............ m [given 1 M SD = 1 mm]

the concept of significant figures will be given by

gauge the following readings were noted. Main = − 101