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    Hospital Traning Report 3

    Uploaded by

    Ankur singh

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Hospital Traning Report 3

    Uploaded by

    Ankur singh
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    0 views15 pages

    Hospital Traning Report 3

    Uploaded by

    Ankur singh

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    © All Rights Reserved
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     What is before avoiding to E.C.

    G :-
     Avoid oily or greasy skin cream and lotions the day of the test .They interfere with the
    electrode skin contact.
     Avoid full –length hosiery bcause electrode need to be placed directly on the legs .
     Wear a shirt that can be easily removed to place the leads chest.

     Side effect of E.C.G :-

     An ECG is a quick safe and painless process test .No electricity is pun into your
    body while it’s carried out .There may be some slight discomfort when the
    electrodes are removed from your skin –similar removing a sticking plaster –and
    some people may develop a mild rash where the electrodes were attached .


    PATHOLOGY LAB

    Fig- Pathology lab

     PAHOLOGY LAB:-
     Pathology is the branch of the medical science that involve the study
    and diagnosis of disease through the examination of surgically
    removed organs ,tissue (biopsy sample) bodily fluid and in some cases
    the whole body (autopsy) aspects of a bodily specimen that may be
    considered include its gross.

     What tests are done in Pathology :-


     A Pathology test is a test that examines sample of your body ‘s tissues including
    your blood ,urine, faeces (poo) sample diagnosis and treatment of diseases and
    other condition .
    BLOOD BANK

    Fig – Blood Bank

     What is blood bank ?

    A blood bank is a place where blood is collected and stored before it is


    used for transfusions. Blood banking takes place in the lab. This is to
    make sure that donated blood and blood products are safe before they are
    used. Blood banking also determines the blood type .

     Why is it called blood bank?


    Spleen is the largest component of the lymphatic system and serves
    various functions. One of its main functions is that it acts as a reservoir of
    the red corpuscles due to this spleen is known as the blood bank of our
    body

     What are different types of blood bank?


    There are three kinds of blood banks - government, private and those
    run by NGOs.
     Which is another name for blood bank?
    The blood bank is the department where blood is stored and prepared for
    transfusion. It is also known as the Immunohematology
    department because most of the testing involves antigens and antibodies
    (immunology) found on the RBCs (hematology).

    How blood bank is important?


    The blood bank plays an important role in patient care. Transfusion-
    related errors have serious consequence for patients, including death.
    Proper identification of the patient and blood products is critical in avoiding
    such transfusion-related reactions.

    What is a unit of blood?


    Whole blood (1 unit = 500 mL)

     What are the 3 blood Parts ?


    What are the components of blood?

     Red blood cells (erythrocytes). These carry oxygen from the lungs to the
    rest of the body.
     White blood cells (leukocytes). These help fight infections and aid in the
    immune process. Types of white blood cells include: Lymphocytes. ...
     Platelets (thrombocytes). These help in blood clotting.
    BLOOD PRESSURE

     What is blood pressure means?

    Blood pressure is the pressure of blood pushing against the walls of


    your arteries. Arteries carry blood from your heart to other parts of your
    body. Your blood pressure normally rises and falls throughout the day.

     What is normal BP range?


    As a general guide: ideal blood pressure is considered to be between
    90/60mmHg and 120/80mmHg. high blood pressure is considered to be
    140/90mmHg or higher. low blood pressure is considered to be
    90/60mmHg or lower.

    What are the 5 factors that affect blood pressure?

     Risk Factors for High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)


     Being overweight or obese. The more you weigh the more blood flow you need to
    supply oxygen and nutrients to your tissues. ...
     Too much salt (sodium) in your diet. ...
     Too little potassium in your diet. ...
     Not being physically active. ...
     Drinking too much alcohol.

     What is the best medicine to maintain blood pressure?


    Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.

    These drugs help relax blood vessels. They block the formation of a natural
    chemical that narrows blood vessels. Examples include lisinopril (Prinivil,
    Zestril), benazepril (Lotensin), captopril and others.

     How do you measure blood pressure using a


    sphygmomanometer?
    Connect the cuff tubing to the sphygmo-manometer tubing and secure.
    Rest the patient's arm on a surface that is level with their arm. Place the
    stethoscope over the brachial artery (in the bend of the elbow) and listen to
    the pulse . Pump up the cuff slowly and listen for when the pulse
    disappears.
     What are the steps to check blood pressure?
    Step-by-Step Blood Pressure Check

    1. Locate your pulse. Locate your pulse by lightly pressing your index and
    middle fingers slightly to the inside center of the bend of your elbow (where
    the brachial artery is). ...
    2. Secure the cuff. ...
    3. Inflate and deflate the cuff. ...
    4. Record your blood pressure

    Fig – Blood Pressure Machine


    SUGAR LAVEL TESTING

    Fig – Sugar Testing ( By Glycometer)

     What is Sugar?
    Diabetes is a disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also called
    blood sugar, is too high. Blood glucose is your main source of energy and
    comes from the food you eat. Insulin, a hormone made by the pancreas, helps
    glucose from food get into your cells to be used for energy.

     Sugar level chart :-


     Diabetes Symptoms
     Urinate (pee) a lot, often at night.
     Are very thirsty.
     Lose weight without trying.
     Are very hungry.
     Have blurry vision.
     Have numb or tingling hands or feet.
     Feel very tired.
     Have very dry skin.

     Symptoms of Hyperglycaemia(High blood sugar)


     Increased thirst and a dry mouth.
     Needing to pee frequently.
     Tiredness.
     Blurred vision.
     Unintentional weight loss.
     Recurrent infections, such as thrush, bladder infections (cystitis) and skin
    infections

     Symptoms of Low Blood Sugar


     Fast heartbeat.
     Shaking.
     Sweating.
     Nervousness or anxiety.
     Irritability or confusion.
     Dizziness.
     Hunger.
     Which food is not good for diabetes?
    Worst Choices

     Fried meats.
     Higher-fat cuts of meat, such as ribs.
     Pork bacon.
     Regular cheeses.
     Poultry with skin.
     Deep-fried fish.
     Deep-fried tofu.
     Beans prepared with lard .

    Treatment Of Sugar Patient :-

    Treatment for type 1 diabetes involves insulin injections or the use of an


    insulin pump, frequent blood sugar checks, and carbohydrate
    counting. For some people with type 1 diabetes, pancreas transplant or
    islet cell transplant may be an option .
    MONOCEF = CETRIAXONE IM /IV

    FORMULA = C18H18N807S3

    USE = TO USE IN THE TREATMENT OF BACTRIAL INFECTION IN MANY


    DIFFRENT PART OF OUR BODY

    GENRATION = 3RD

    MOA = CEFTRIAXONE WORK BY THE INHOBITING THE MUCOPEPTIDE


    SYNTHESIS IN BACTRIAL CELL WALL

    SIDE EFFECT= BLACK TARRY STOOL ,CHEST PAIN ,SHORTNESS OF


    BREATH ,SORE THROAT ,SORES ULSERS OR WHITE SPOTON THE LIPS
    OR IN THE MOUTH ,SWOLLEN GLANDS ,UNUSUAL TRIDNESS OR
    WEAKNESS
    Use of injection Emeset
    Emeset Injection 2ml is an antiemetic medicine
    commonly cal conditions like stomach upset. It is also
    used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused due to any
    surgery, cancer drug therapy or radiotherapy.

    Chemical Name :. Ondansetron


    Diclofenac injection use .
    Diclofenac injection is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
    drug (NSAID) used to treat adults with mild to
    moderate pain. It is used alone or given with other
    opioid (narcotic) pain medicines to treat adults with
    moderate to severe pain. This medicine is to be given only
    by or under the direct supervision of your doctor.\

    Route of this injection IM/IV

    CONDITION .For IV desolve in the 10 ml d/w


    For IM given directly in muscles
    PANTAPARAZOLE INJECTION USE

    It's used for heartburn, acid reflux and gastro-


    oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) – GORD is when
    you keep getting acid reflux. It's also taken to prevent and
    treat stomach ulcers. Sometimes, pantoprazole is taken for
    a rare condition caused by a tumour in the pancreas or gut
    called Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
    What are the major side effects of pantoprazole?
    Side Effects

     Blurred vision.
     flushed, dry skin.
     fruit-like breath odor.
     increased hunger.
     increased thirst.
     increased urination.
     stomach pain.
     trouble breathing.

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