Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani

Work Integrated Learning Programmes Division

Calculus
Digital Learning Handout

Course Title Calculus

Course No(s) MATH ZC233 / PE ZC233
Credit Units 4
Credit Model
Instructor-In-Charge Amit Setia
Version Number
Date

Course Objectives:
 Explain and apply basics of Calculus using simulation software such as Matlab.
 Apply important methods for solving ordinary and partial differential equations exactly.
 Solve differential equations approximately by numerical methods.

Text Book(s):
T1 Dennis G. Zill and Warren S. Wright, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Fourth Edition, Jones &
Bartlett, 2011.

Reference Book(s) & other resources:

R1 George B. Thomas, Maurice D Weir and Joel Hass, Thomas’ Calculus, 12th edition, Pearson
education, Oxford University Press, 2010
R2 Rudra Pratap, Getting Started with MATLAB: A Quick Introduction for Scientists and Engineers ,
2010

Experiential Learning Components:

1. Lab work: None.
2. Project work: None.
3. Case study: None
4. Work integrated Learning Exercise: None.
5. Design work/Field work: None.

Learning Outcomes:

No Learning Outcomes- At the end of the course, the student would have understood the concept
of
 LO1 Applying calculus to solve problems in engineering.

LO2 Using graphical simulations to understand problems encountered in engineering applications

Content Structure:

Module Summary
No Title of the Module
M1 One Dimensional Calculus: Limits, continuity, differentiability, Application of derivatives,
Integration and applications
M2 Fourier series: Introduction to Fourier series
M3 Partial Derivatives: Partial derivatives, chain rule, implicit differentiation
M4 ODE Solution- Analytical methods: Introduction to IVP, BVP, Existence and uniqueness
for IVPs, Solution techniques to first order ODEs, Reduction of order, Linear second order
ODE with constant coefficients, Solution techniques to linear second order ODEs.
Particular solution using method of undetermined coefficients and method of variation of
parameters, Laplace transform method to solve ODEs
M5 ODE Solution-Numerical methods: Initial Value Problems; One-step methods; Euler
methods, Picard’s iteration, Higher order Taylor methods and Runge Kutta Methods, Scilab
Implementation.
Boundary Value Problems: Finite Difference Methods to two-point boundary value
problems, Scilab Implementation

M6 PDE Solution-Analytical Methods: Introduction to PDEs, Classification of linear second

order PDE, Parabolic, Method of separation of variables to Hyperbolic, Parabolic and
Elliptic PDEs

Detailed Structure
M1: One Dimensional Calculus

Type Description/Plan/Reference Session

RL 1.1 Recorded Lecture 1 of Module 1 covers limit and continuity and is divided in 1
two parts: Part 1 (i.e. RL 1.1.1) covers the topic limit and Part 2 (i.e. RL 1.1.2)
covers continuity.
RL Starting with motivation and concept of limit of a function we discuss some 1
1.1.1: important definitions like, left hand limit, right hand limit, existence of limit
and limit laws.
RL Continuity at a point, continuity test, continuous function and properties of 2
1.1.2: continuous functions.
RL 1.2 Recorded Lecture 2 of Module 1 covers differentiation which is recorded in two 2
parts:
RL Motivation and definition of derivatives, differentiation in practice (as a rate of 2
1.2.1 change, tangent and in economics), left hand derivative and right hand
derivative.
RL Differentiation using definition, differentiation rules and chain rule. 3
1.2.2
RL 1.3 Recorded Lecture 3 of Module 1 discusses the application of derivatives in 4
optimization problems of one variable. Subtopics are explained in three RL
clips:
RL1.3.1 Related rates problems, increasing and decreasing functions, interval of increase 4
and decrease, convex and concave functions.
RL1.3.2 Understanding the terms like global extremum and local extremum, the extreme 4
value theorem, first derivative theorem for local extreme values, Rolle’s
theorem, first derivative test, point of inflation and examples.
RL1.3.3 Second order derivative test, extremum on finite closed interval, applied 4
extremum problems.
RL1.4 Recorded Lecture 4 of Module 1 covers Integration and their applications; 5
RL1.4.1 Anti-derivatives, indefinite integrals and properties, integration formulas, 5
integration by substitution and examples.
RL1.4.2 Riemann sum, definite integral and properties, area under the curve, 6
fundamental theorem of calculus.
RL1.4.3 Area and definite integrals, area between two curves, mean value theorem for 6
definite integrals, average value of function, volume of a solid of revolution.

M2: Fourier series

Type Description/Plan/Reference Session

RL2.1 Recorded Lecture 1 of Module 1 discuss Fourier series and convergence. This 7
lecture is covered in two parts:
RL Inner product, orthogonal function and sets, orthogonal series expansion, Fourier 7
2.1.1 series and definition.
RL Convergence of Fourier series, Fourier cosine, sine series and examples 7
2.1.2

M3: Partial Derivatives

Type Description/Plan/Reference Session

RL3.1 RL3.1.1 = Brief introduction to Partial Derivatives 8
RL3.1.2= Some related examples
RL3.2 RL3.2.1 = Introduction to chain rule and some examples 8
RL3.2.2 = Implicit differentiation and some related examples
M4: ODE Solution: Analytical Methods

Type Description/Plan/Reference Session

RL4.1 Recorded Lecture 4 of Module 1 covers Motivation of Differential Equations 9
(Des), Some important Definitions like Order and Degree of Differential
Equation, Classification of Linear and Nonlinear DEs, Homogeneous and
Nonhomogeneous Des, Explicit and Implicit Solutions
RL4.2 Recorded Lecture 4 of Module 2 covers Application of Differential Equations 9
RL4.3 Recorded Lecture 4 of Module 3 covers Initial Value Problem (IVP), 9
Boundary Value Problem (BVP), Examples related to IVP and BVP,
Existence and Uniqueness of IVP, Picard’s iteration,
RL4.4 Recorded Lecture 4 of Module 4 covers Solution Techniques for First-Order 10
ODEs. In this, we cover Variable Separable Method, Exact-Nonexact, Linear
ODE, Bernoulli’s Equation, Method of Reduction
RL4.5 Recorded Lecture 4 of Module 5 covers solution Techniques for Linear 10
Second-Order ODEs with constant coefficients.
RL4.6 Recorded Lecture 4 of Module 6 covers the existence of Laplace Transform, 11-12
Properties of Laplace Transform, Laplace Transform Method to solve First-
Order and Second-Order ODEs.

M5: ODE Solution: Numerical Methods

Type Description/Plan/Reference Session

RL5.1 RL5.1.1 = Motivation to numerical methods for ODE 13
(One step RL5.1.2 = Brief introduction to discretisation schemes, derivation of forward
methods, Euler, backward Euler, modified Euler and Central difference schemes
Euler RL5.1.3 = Some examples related to forward Euler, backward Euler methods
methods) RL5.1.4 = Some examples related to modified Euler and Central difference
schemes
RL5.1.5 = An introduction to SciLab software (Free open source software)
RL5.1.6 = Implementation of forward Euler, backward Euler, modified Euler
and Central difference schemes using SciLab.
RL5.2 RL5.2.1 = An introduction to higher order numerical methods and derivation Optional
(One step of Taylor series methods
methods, RL5.2.2 = Some examples related to Taylor series methods
Taylor RL5.2.3 = Implementation of Taylor series methods using SciLab
Series
methods)
RL5.3 RL5.3.1 = An introduction to Runge-Kutta (RK) methods and derivation of 14
(One step second order and fourth order Runge-Kutta methods
methods, RL5.3.2 = Some examples related to second order and fourth order Runge-
Runge- Kutta methods
Kutta RL5.3.3 = Implementation of second order and fourth order Runge-Kutta
(RK) methods using SciLab
Methods)
RL5.4 RL5.4.1 = Runge-Kutta (RK) methods to system of first order ODE 14
(One step RL5.4.2 = Some examples related to system of first order ODE
methods to RL5.4.3 =Scilab implementation of system of first order ODE using second
system of and fourth order Runge-Kutta methods
first order
ODE)
RL5.5 RL5.5.1=Derivation of finite difference formulas Optional
(Finite RL5.5.2 = Some definitions related to FDM
Difference RL5.5.3 = Example problems and their implementation using Scilab
Methods RL5.5.4=Derivative boundary conditions and implementation using Scilab
to Two-
point
BVP)

M6: Partial Differential Equations (PDE): Analytical Methods

Type Description/Plan/Reference Session

RL6.1 RL6.1.1 = Brief introduction to PDEs, definitions of linear, semilinear, 15
(Introduction quasilinear and fully nonlinear PDE
to PDEs and RL6.1.2 = Classification of linear second order PDE with two independent
Classification variables and some related examples
)
RL6.2 RL6.2.1 = Separation of variable method to one dimensional wave equation 16
(Analytical (Hyperbolic PDE)
methods to RL6.2.2 = Separation of variable method to one dimensional heat equation
linear second (Parabolic PDE)
order PDEs) RL6.2.3 = Separation of variable method to two dimensional Laplace
equation (Elliptic PDE)
 Part B: Content Development Plan

Academic Term Second Semester 2022-2023

Course Title Calculus
Course No MATH ZC233 / PE ZC233
Glossary of Terms:

1. Contact Hour (CH) stands for a hour long live session with students conducted either in a
physical classroom or enabled through technology. In this model of instruction, instructor led
sessions will be for 20 CH.
a. Pre CH = Self Learning done prior to a given contact hour
b. During CH = Content to be discussed during the contact hour by the course instructor
c. Post CH = Self Learning done post the contact hour
2. RL stands for Recorded Lecture or Recorded Lesson. It is presented to the student through an
online portal. A given RL unfolds as a sequences of video segments interleaved with exercises
3. SS stands for Self-Study to be done as a study of relevant sections from textbooks and reference
books. It could also include study of external resources.
4. LE stands for Lab Exercises
5. HW stands for Home Work will consist and could be a selection of problems from the text.
Contact Hour 1

Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH Introduction to Handout

During CH1 Introduction to Flipped Mode

CH teaching Pedagogy,
Overview about the course,
Introduction to the topics.

Module M1: One Dimensional Calculus

Contact Hour 2
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

During CH Functions, plotting functions using R1: Sec 1.1 – Sec 1.4
CH Matlab R2 : Sec 6.1, 6.2, 8.1-8.4

Post CH SS Exercises R1: Sec 1.4

Post CH HW Exercises R1: Sec 1.1 – Sec 1.3

Contact Hour 3
Time Type Sequence Content Reference
Pre CH RL RL 1.1.1 R1: Sec. 2.1-2.4, 2.6

During CH Limits, how to find limits using R1: Sec. 2.1- 2.4, 2.6
CH matlab

Post CH SS Exercises R1: Sec. 2.1- 2.4, 2.6

Post CH HW Exercises R1: Sec. 2.1- 2.4, 2.6

Contact Hour 4
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 1.1.2 R1: Sec 2.5

During CH Continuity, graphical plotting of R1: Sec. 2.5

CH functions to understand continuity R2 : Sec 6.1, 6.2, 8.1-8.4

Post CH SS Graphing functions to understand R1: Sec. 2.5

the concept of continuity

Post CH HW Exercises R1: Sec. 2.5

Contact Hour 5
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 1.2.1 R1: Sec. 3.1-3.7

RL 1.2.2

During CH Derivatives, differentiation rules, R1: Sec. 3.1-3.7

CH chain rule, use matlab symbolic R2 : Sec 8.1-8.4
tool box to find derivatives

Post CH SS Exercises R1: Sec. 3.1-3.7

Post CH HW Exercises R1: Sec. 3.1-3.7

Contact Hour 6
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 1.3.1 R1: Sec. 4.1-4.4

RL 1.3.2
RL 1.3.3

During CH Application of derivatives, local R1: Sec. 4.1- 4.4

CH maxima, minima, Rolle’s theorem,
second order derivative test,
 plotting the functions to check the
extrema

Post CH SS Exercises R1: Sec. 4.1- 4.4

Post CH HW Exercises R1: Sec. 4.1- 4.4

Contact Hour 7
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 1.4.1 R1: Sec. 4.7, 5.1 - 5.5, 8.1 - 8.4

RL 1.4.2
RL 1.4.3

During CH Integration, anti-derivatives, R1: Sec. 4.7, 5.1 - 5.5, 8.1 - 8.4
CH indefinite integrals, definite
integrals, techniques of integration, R2 : Sec 8.1-8.4
use matlab symbolic tool box to
find derivatives

Post CH SS R1: Sec. 6.1 R1: Sec. 4.7, 5.1 - 5.5, 8.1 - 8.4

Post CH HW Exercises R1: Sec. 4.7, 5.1 - 5.5, 8.1 - 8.4

Contact Hour 8
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 1.4.1 R1: Sec. 4.7, 5.1 - 5.5, 8.1 - 8.4

RL 1.4.2
RL 1.4.3

During CH Integration, anti-derivatives, R1: Sec. 4.7, 5.1 - 5.5, 8.1 - 8.4
CH indefinite integrals, definite
integrals, techniques of integration, R2 : Sec 8.1-8.4
use matlab symbolic tool box to do
integration

Post CH SS Exercises R1: Sec. 4.7, 5.1 - 5.5, 8.1 - 8.4

R2 : Sec 8.1-8.4

Post CH HW Exercises R1: Sec. 4.7, 5.1 - 5.5, 8.1 - 8.4

M2: Fourier series

Contact Hour 9
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 2.1.1 , RL 2.1.2 T1: Sec. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

During CH Fourier series, convergence of T1: Sec. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3
CH Fourier series

Post CH SS T1: Sec. 12.5 T1: Sec. 12.5

Post CH HW Exercises T1: Sec. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

Contact Hour 10
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 2.1.1 , RL 2.1.2 T1: Sec. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

During CH Fourier series, convergence of T1: Sec. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

CH Fourier series

Post CH SS T1: Sec. 12.5 T1: Sec. 12.5

Post CH HW Exercises T1: Sec. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

Contact Hour 11- Review session before mid-semester

M3: Partial Derivatives
Contact Hour 12
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL3.1.1, RL 3.1.2, RL 3.2.1, RL R1: Sec. 14.1- 14.4

3.2.2

During CH Partial Derivatives, Chain rule, R1: Sec. 14.1- 14.4

CH Implicit differentiation, computing R2 : Sec 8.1-8.4
the partial derivatives using
symbolic math toolbox

Post CH SS Exercises R1: Sec. 14.1- 14.4

R2 : Sec 8.1

Post CH HW Exercises R1: Sec. 14.1- 14.4

M4: ODE Solution: Analytical Methods

Contact Hour 13
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 4.1, RL 4.2 RL 4.3 RL 4.4 T1: Sec 1.1-1.2, 2.1 – 2.3, 3.3

During CH Differential equations, T1: Sec 1.1-1.3, 2.1 – 2.3, 3.3

CH applications, IVP, BVP, Existence, R2: Sec 5.5
uniqueness, Solution techniques
 for first order ODEs, Solution
techniques for second order ODEs,
graphical simulation using matlab

Post CH SS Exercises R2: Sec 5.5

Post CH HW Exercises T1: Sec 1.1-1.3, 2.1 – 2.3, 3.3

Contact Hour 14
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 4.1, RL 4.2 RL 4.3 RL 4.4 T1: Sec 1.1-1.2, 2.1 – 2.3, 3.3

During CH Differential equations, T1: Sec 1.1-1.3, 2.1 – 2.3, 3.3

CH applications, IVP, BVP, Existence, R2: Sec 5.5
uniqueness, Solution techniques
for first order ODEs, Solution
techniques for second order ODEs,
graphical simulation using matlab

Post CH SS Exercises R2: Sec 5.5

Post CH HW Exercises T1: Sec 1.1-1.3, 2.1 – 2.3, 3.3

Contact Hour 15
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 4.1, RL 4.2 RL 4.3 RL 4.4 T1: Sec 1.1-1.2, 2.1 – 2.3, 3.3

During CH Differential equations, T1: Sec 1.1-1.3, 2.1 – 2.3, 3.3

CH applications, IVP, BVP, Existence, R2: Sec 5.5
uniqueness, Solution techniques
for first order ODEs, Solution
techniques for second order ODEs,
graphical simulation using matlab

Post CH SS Exercises R2: Sec 5.5

Post CH HW Exercises T1: Sec 1.1-1.3, 2.1 – 2.3, 3.3

Contact Hour 16
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 4.6 T1: Sec 4.1- 4.4

During CH Laplace transforms, laplace T1: Sec 4.1-4.6
CH transforms using matlab

Post CH SS Exercises T1: Sec 4.1-4.6

Post CH HW Exercises T1: Sec 4.1-4.6

Contact Hour 17
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 4.6 T1: Sec 4.1- 4.4

During CH Laplace transforms, laplace T1: Sec 4.1-4.6

CH transforms using matlab

Post CH SS Exercises T1: Sec 4.1-4.6

Post CH HW Exercises T1: Sec 4.1-4.6

M5: ODE Solution: Numerical Methods

Contact Hour 18
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 5.1 RL 5.2 RL 5.3 T1: Sec 6.1-6.3

During CH Numerical solutions, Euler T1: Sec 6.1-6.3

CH methods, Runge kutta methods R2: Sec 5.5

Post CH SS Exercises T1: Sec 6.1-6.3

R2: Sec 5.5

Post CH HW Exercises T1: Sec 6.1-6.3

M6: Partial Differential Equations (PDE): Analytical Methods

Contact Hour 19
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 6.1 RL 6.2 T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

During CH PDEs, types of PDEs, separation T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

CH of variable methods, simulation
using matlab

Post CH SS Exercises T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

Post CH HW Exercises T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

Contact Hour 20
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 6.1 RL 6.2 T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

During CH PDEs, types of PDEs, separation T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

CH of variable methods, simulation
using matlab

Post CH SS Exercises T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

Post CH HW Exercises T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

Contact Hour 21
Time Type Sequence Content Reference

Pre CH RL RL 6.1 RL 6.2 T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

During CH PDEs, types of PDEs, separation T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

CH of variable methods, simulation
using matlab

Post CH SS Exercises T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

Post CH HW Exercises T1: Sec 13.1-13.6

Contact Hour 22- Review session

Evaluation Scheme:

Legend: EC = Evaluation Component; AN = After Noon Session; FN = Fore Noon Session

Evaluation Name Type (Open Weight Duration Day, Date, Session, Time
Component (Quiz, Lab, Project, Mid- book, Closed
term exam, End semester book,
exam, etc.) Online, etc.)
EC - 1 Quiz I Online 10% February 13-23, 2023
Quiz II Online 10% March 20-30, 2023
EC - 2 Mid-Semester Test Open Book 35% 2 hours Saturday, 11/03/2023 (AN)
EC - 3 Comprehensive Exam Open Book 45% 2½
Saturday, 20/05/2023 (AN)
hours

Syllabus for Mid-Semester Test (Open Book): Topics in Contact Hours: 1 to 11

Syllabus for Comprehensive Exam (Open Book): All topics
Important links and information:
Elearn portal: https://elearn.bits-pilani.ac.in
Students are expected to visit the Elearn portal on a regular basis and stay up to date with the latest
announcements and deadlines.
Contact sessions: Students should attend the online lectures as per the schedule provided on the Elearn
portal.
Evaluation Guidelines:
1. EC-1 consists of either two Assignments or three Quizzes. Students will attempt them through the
course pages on the Elearn portal. Announcements will be made on the portal, in a timely
manner.
2. For Closed Book tests: No books or reference material of any kind will be permitted.
3. For Open Book exams: Use of books and any printed / written reference material (filed or bound)
is permitted. However, loose sheets of paper will not be allowed. Use of calculators is permitted
in all exams. Laptops/Mobiles of any kind are not allowed. Exchange of any material is not
allowed.
4. If a student is unable to appear for the Regular Test/Exam due to genuine exigencies, the student
should follow the procedure to apply for the Make-Up Test/Exam which will be made available
on the Elearn portal. The Make-Up Test/Exam will be conducted only at selected exam centres on
the dates to be announced later.
It shall be the responsibility of the individual student to be regular in maintaining the self-study schedule
as given in the course handout, attend the online lectures, and take all the prescribed evaluation
components such as Assignment/Quiz, Mid-Semester Test and Comprehensive Exam according to the
evaluation scheme provided in the handout.

Instructor-in-charge

(MATH ZC233)