1WORD MUSIC OF INDIA Grade 8 - Music GEOGRAPHICAL BACKGROUND
OFFICIAL NAME: Republic of India
CAPITAL: New Delhi FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Federal Republic OFFICIAL LANGUAGES: Hindi and English CURRENCY: Indian rupee (INR) INTERESTING FACTS India takes up the majority of southern Asia's Indian subcontinent. In terms of population, it is among the world's most populous countries. FLAG Saffron - strength and courage White - peace and truth Green - Fertility and growth The blue wheel with 24 spokes in the middle represents the Dharma Chakra. RELIGION Majority of India practices Hinduism. The other major religions are Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism, Christianity and Islam. HINDUISM Sanatana Hinduism can Dharma, which The Vedas, the be more aptly means Upanishads, described as a “eternal law” and the philosophy or in Sanskrit Bhagavad Gita. way of life DIVISION BETWEEN SOUTH & NORTH INDIA The geographical division of the north and the South are determined by the states north and south of the Vindhyas, which is one of the most important determining factors for the South and North regions. WESTERN VS. INDIAN MUSIC In terms of melody and harmony, Indian music differs greatly from Western music. Two fundamental elements of the Indian classical music scene are the raga and the tala. WESTERN VS. INDIAN MUSIC The Indian scale of ‘Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dh Ni’ matches the western ‘Do Re Mi Fa So La Ti’. A raga scale can start on any pitch, the tonic coarsely parallels C in Western scales. WESTERN VS. INDIAN MUSIC Western music uses just minor and major scales and equal temperament notes. Indian classical music uses a much more complicated system of scales that is a mix of parent scales and that of descendant families, which sound very varied from each other. RAGAS TALAS frameworks of keynotes a set of musical notes rhythmic cycles used in put together in a Indian classical music singing pattern used to create a sense each raga has a of structure, repetition distinct melodic and form in the music structure and is associated with a particular time of day, season, or mood TYPES OF RAGAS These primary divisions of Ragas are: Raag Asaravi Raag Kalyan Raag Bhairav Raag Khamaj Raag Bhairavi Raag Marwa Raag Bilawal Raag Purvi Raag Kafi Raag Todi When arranged in ascending order of their notes, the Ragas are in an aroh pattern. When the notes are arranged in a descending fashion, they are in an avaroh pattern. MUSIC OF INDIA Classical music - divided into two; Hindustani & Carnatic Folk music - important part of India’s musical heritage Filmi - music used in Indian films and is a blend of classical, folk, and popular music Indian pop - genre of music that combines Indian classical and folk music with Western pop music CLASSICAL MUSIC FOLK SONG FILMI INDIAN POP HINDUSTANI MUSIC CARNATIC MUSIC more on instrumental more on vocal focus on intricate Sanskrit term melodic patterns and Karnātaka Sangītam improvisation Shruti - refers to the influences from Vedic musical pitch that is perceived by human hymns, Persian music, ear and includes the and Islamic traditions four Vedas Improvisation plays a Swara - type of significant role musical sound that is a Dhrupad, Khayal, single note, including Thumri sa-ri-ga-ma-pa-da-ni. HINDUSTANI VS. CARNATIC MUSIC MICROTONES In Western music, we depend on the 12-tone scale. But here in Indian music, we also use microtones. Microtones are tones that fall between the standard twelve-note chromatic scale. They are used to create a more subtle and nuanced sound. Important in making ragas (melodies) and talas (rhythmic cycles) more expressive. TO BE CONTINUED! SHORT ORAL QUIZ!
1. WHAT IS THE OFFICIAL
NAME OF INDIA? SHORT ORAL QUIZ!
2. WHAT ARE THE COLORS
OF THE FLAG OF INDIA? SHORT ORAL QUIZ!
3. WHAT IS THE DOMINANT
RELIGION IN INDIA? SHORT ORAL QUIZ!
4. GIVE ONE VARIETY OF
INDIAN MUSIC. SHORT ORAL QUIZ!
5. WHAT DO YOU CALL THAT ELEMENT
IN INDIAN MUSIC WHERE IT HAS DISTINCT MELODIC STRUCTURE AND IS ASSOCIATED WITH A PARTICULAR TIME OF DAY, SEASON, OR MOOD?