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    ELPR 130_Unit 4 Grammar

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    ELPR 130_Unit 4 Grammar

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    0 views15 pages

    ELPR 130_Unit 4 Grammar

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    ELPR 130

    UNIT 4: CHALLENGES
    PAST SIMPLE
    Unit 4, Section A
    Read the two sentences. How did the
    verb change?

    I walk to school everyday.


    I walked to school yesterday.
    yesterday, last week, last year… today
    Use
    ■ We use the past simple to talk about finished
    actions, events or situations in the past.

    I visited the Taj Mahal last year.


    We saw a great film at the
    weekend.
    Past simple form for regular verbs
    ➢ We form the past simple of regular verbs by adding –ed to
    the infinitive form.
    want : wanted / look: looked
    ➢ If the verb ends in –e, we just add –d
    like: liked / hope: hoped
    ➢ We form the past simple of verbs ending in consonant + -y
    by changing –y to –ied
    study: studied / try: tried
    Past simple form for irregular verbs
    ➢ We don’t form the past simple form of irregular verbs
    with –ed.
    go = went
    hear = heard
    see = saw

    * See the list of irregular verbs on pg. 180


    Negatives
    ➢To form the negatives in the past simple, we use
    didn’t + infinitive.

    positive negative
    I/you/we/they I watched. I didn’t watch.
    he/she/it He watched. She didn’t watch.
    The verb be
    ➢ The verb be is different from other verbs. Its past
    simple form is was or were. We don’t use did to form
    negatives.
    Pronoun Positive negative
    I I was tired. I wasn’t tired.
    you/we/they They were tired. You weren’t tired.
    he/ she/ it She was tired. He wasn’t tired.

    * Exercise 1 & 2
    Past simple questions
    ➢ We make questions in the past simple with did + infinitive.
    Why did you choose to visit Turkey?
    Did she have fun on holiday?
    ➢ When we make questions in the past simple with verb be, we
    use was and were. We do not add did.
    Were you tired after your trip?
    Where was your hotel?

    * Exercise 3
    PAST CONTINUOUS
    Unit 4, Section B
    Tom’s schedule
    7:30 am – breakfast
    9 to 12 – classes
    12 – lunch
    1pm to 5pm – classes What was Tom
    doing at 8 pm?
    6pm – gym
    8pm – dinner
    11pm – bedtime

    At 8 pm, Tom was having dinner.


    Past continuous use
    ➢We use the past continuous to talk about an
    action in progress at a moment in the past.

    I was watching TV at eight o’clock last night.


    Tony was living in Madrid in 2015.
    Form
    ➢We form the past continuous with was/ were
    and the –ing form of the main verb.
    Pronoun positive negative question

    I I was reading. I wasn’t reading. Was I reading?

    you/we/ You were reading. You weren’t reading. Were you reading?
    they
    he/she/it She was reading. She wasn’t reading. Was he reading?
    Past continuous and Past Simple
    ➢ We use the past continuous for a longer, continuing activity
    and the past simple for a shorter, finished action.

    Jack was watching a movie when his phone rang.


    I met my husband when I was travelling around India.
    When and while
    ➢ We often use when and while to join the two parts of a sentence with past
    continuous and past simple together.
    I met Sam when I was studying at university.
    Someone stole my camera while I was eating in a restaurant.
    ➢ When we use when with the past simple, it can also mean ‘after’.
    I called Sylvia when I read her message.
    ➢ If the part of the sentence with when or while comes first, we put a comma
    after it.
    When I met Sam, I was studying at university.
    While I was eating in a restaurant, someone stole my camera .
    ➢ Remember that we don’t use verbs that describe states (eg. believe, like, love,
    prefer) with a continuous tense.
    * Exercise 4,5 & 6

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