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7 views2 pages

Is 800

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IS 800 : 2007

10.5.8 Compound fink steel truss

The span off the compound fink truss is varies from 12 m to


15 m
10.5.9 Difference between bending and buckling of a beam
member:

Bending of beams may be defined as the change in the shape


of the beam along the length of the beam. Whereas buckling
of beam may be defined as the beam when loaded will
deflect downwards and when the load exceeds certain limits
it will till sideways due to instability of the compression
flange and rotate about the longitudinal axis, that is called
Compound Howe Steel truss: In this type of truss the beam buckling.
chord is raised above. The span is generally varies from 12
to 15m inner

Cambered fink steel truss : The camber is provided in this


type of truss. 12m to 15m

Bow string truss: Bow string truss is used for the large
varies from 20 to 30m.

10.5.10 Column and beam column with example

When only axial load is present that is called column. But


when significant bending is present in addition to an axial
load in member the member is termed as a beam column.
There are three types of column

Pratt Truss 10 to 30 m

Interior Column Weiner column

North light truss 5 to 8m

Exterior column

10.5.4.3 The factor that affects the quality of a weld

• Before Welds
Proper included angle, proper root opening,
proper root face, proper alignment, cleaning of
King post truss : max.8m joints.
• During Welds
Proper type and size of electrode, proper welding
current of polarity, proper tack weld, good fusion,
proper travel speed, absence of overlap.

79
IS 800 : 2007

• After Weld • Joints are rigid i.e no slip takes place in the joint.
Absence of excessive undercut, Filled craters,
Slight reinforcement on groone weld, Full size on • As load transfer is mainly by friction the bolts are
filled welds, Absence of cracks not subjected to shearing and bearing stresses.

10.5.4.4 Difference between bearing type connection and • High static strength due to high frictional
friction type connection,and preferable resistance.

Bearing type connections are used to transfer the load from • Smaller number of bolts result into smaller sizes
one side to another and mostly used in flange type joints to of gusset plates.
provide joint integrity. FRICTION type bolts are used as
structural joints for load transfer across structural members 10.5.7.1 Under what circumstances are plug and slot welds
by shear mode. UNDER alternating load friction type bolts used
are used as they can withstand shear force
Plug Weld: These Weld are circular welds made through one
10.5.5 Is buckling a strength problem or a stiffness problem member of a lap or tee joint joining that member to the
other. The weld may or may not be made through a hole in
It’s a stiffness problem first member ; if a hole is used, the wall may or may not be
parallel and the hole may be partially or completely filled
10.5.5.1 Various types of column bases with weld metal.

Slab base and Gusseted base Slot Weld: This is weld made in an elongated hole in one
number of a lap or tee joint joining that the member that is
10.5.5.2 Web Crippling exposed through the hole. This hole may be open at one end
and may be partially or completely filled with weld metal.
Crippling is the web may take place at the points where the
beam carries some concentrated loads such as a column, or
at the point of supports where it carries a reaction from
below. The web may cripple in the region close to the
concentration of the load because of inadequate length of
bearing. Web crippling is also known as web crushing.

10.5.5.3 Plastic modulus of section

Plastic modulus of section is denoted by Zp

Zp=A/2 (y1 +y2)

Where A is the cross section of the beam

Y1 and y2bar are the distance of gravity of the area above


below neutral axis respectively. 10.5.7.1.2 The Various types of sections that can be used as
tension members
10.5.6 Factor of safety and partial safety factor
• Chord Members in trusses
Factors of safety (FoS), also known as (and used
interchangeably with) safety factor (SF), is a term • In Diagonal bracing in branching systems.
describing the load carrying capacity of a system beyond the
expected or actual loads. Essentially, the factor of safety is • Cable elements in suspension roofs, main cables
how much stronger the system is than it usually needs to be of suspension bridges and suspenders
for an intended load. Safety factors are often calculated
using detailed analysis because comprehensive testing is Cast iron is an iron alloy with an amount of carbon superior
to 2.11% is considered cast iron (whereas steels have an
impractical on many projects, such as bridges and buildings, amount of carbon inferior to 2.11%). The carbon content in
but the structure's ability to carry load must be determined to cast iron generally ranges from 2% to 4%. The most notable
a reasonable accuracy. Many systems are purposefully built thing about its structure is that cast iron has graphite
much stronger than needed for normal usage to allow for inclusions at the micro level. Mild steel is an Iron-carbon
emergency situations, unexpected loads, misuse, or alloy containing less than 0.25 percent carbon which makes
degradation (reliability) it more ductile and less hard thus rendering it unsuitable for
structural work. Cast iron has a lower melting point
TO account for the different conditions like for material (12000C) as compared to the melting point of mild steel
strength, load etc. Different partial factors are used for which lies in the range of 13000C and 14000C.
material and load. M indicate safety factor for material & for
load Cast iron is easier to work with when it comes to casting
shapes out of the material. Due to the extra carbon present in
Design strength = Characteristic strength / rm cast iron, it’s molten form is more fluid and this makes it
easier to cast the material into complex shapes. This is
Design Load = rf x Characteristic load highly suitable for casting large and heavy objects. Mild
steel is also easy to work with but cast iron has higher
10.5.7 Advantages of HSFG bolts castability.

80

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