-astronomical-telescope

ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPE
Introduction www.citycollegiate.com
It is an optical instrument used to view heavenly bodies such moon,stars, planets and distant
objects.
Construction
Astronomical telescope consists of two convex lenses:

Objective
Eye piece
Objective www.citycollegiate.com
The objective is a convex lens of large focal length and large aperture. It usually made of two
convex lenses in contact with each other to reduce the chromatic and spherical aberrations.
Eye piece
The eye piece is also a convex lens .Its focal length is smaller than that of objective. It is also a
combination of two lenses.
The objective is mounted on a wide metallic tube while the eye piece is mounted on a small tube
.The distance b/w the eye piece and the objective can be changed by moving tubes.
WORKING
`
The rays coming from a distant object falls on objective as parallel beam at some angle
say "a" and these rays after refraction and passing through the objective converge at its focus
and make an inverted & real image AB. This image acts as an object for the eye piece. The
distance of the eye piece is so adjusted that the image AB lies within the focal length of the eye
piece. The eye piece forms the final image .The final image is magnified ,virtual and inverted
with respect to object. The final image is formed at infinity.
For latest information , free computer courses and high impact notes visit : www.citycollegiate.com
MAGNIFYING POWER www.citycollegiate.com
The magnifying power (M) of astronomical telescope is given by:
It is because the object is at infinite distance and hence the angle subtended by the object at eye
may be taken as the angle subtended by the object at objective.
M = b/a ............(1)
since a and b are small angles, therefore we can take:
a = tan a...................
and..................
b = tan b.............
................
`
In right angled triangles DAOB & DAEB
...................
This expression shows that in order to obtain high magnification, focal length of object must be
large and that of eye piece is small.
LENGTH OF TELESCOPE
The distance b/w objective lens and the eye piece is equal to the length of the telescope.
From figure:
OE = length of telescope =L
But
OB = Fo & BE = Fe
OE = OB + BE
OR
OR
L = focal length of objective + focal length of eye piece
`
ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPE
A telescope is an optical instrument which is used to see the distant

objects. Telescopes are of two types:
1. Astronomical telescope
2. Galilean telescope or Terrestrial telescope
Astronomical Telescope
An astronomical telescope is an optical instrument which is used to

see the magnified image of distant heavenly bodies like stars, planets,
satellites and galaxies etc.
The final image formed by an

astronomical telescope is always
virtual, inverted and magnified.
Principle of Astronomical Telescope
An astronomical telescope works on the principle that when an

object to be magnified is placed at a large distance from the objective
lens of telescope, a virtual, inverted and magnified image of the object is
formed at the least distance of distinct vision from the eye held close to
the eye piece.
Construction of Astronomical Telescope
An astronomical telescope consists of two convex lenses : an

objective lens O and an eye piece E. the focal length fo of the objective
lens of astronomical telescope is large as compared to the focal length
fe of the eye piece. And the aperture of objective lens O is large as
compared to that of eye piece, so that it can receive more light from the
distant object and form a bright image of the distant object. Both the
objective lens and the eye piece are fitted at the free ends of two sliding
tubes, at a suitable distance from each other.
`
Working of Astronomical telescope
The ray diagram to show the working of the astronomical telescope

is shown in figure. A parallel beam of light from a heavenly body such as
stars, planets or satellites fall on the objective lens of the telescope. The
objective lens forms a real, inverted and diminished image A’B’ of the
heavenly body. This image (A’B’) now acts as an object for the eye piece
E, whose position is adjusted so that the image lies between the focus
fe’ and the optical centre C2 of the eye piece. Now the eye piece forms a
virtual, inverted and highly magnified image of object at infinity. When
the final image of an object is formed at infinity, the telescope is said to
be in ‘normal adjustment’.
It should be noted that, the final image of object (such as stars,

planets or satellites) formed by an astronomical telescope is always
inverted with respect to the object. But it does not matter whether the
image formed by an astronomical telescope is inverted or not, as all the
heavenly bodies are usually spherical is shape.
Magnifying Power of an Astronomical Telescope
The Magnifying Power of a telescope is given by:
`
m =
Where, fo = Focal length of the objective lens

fe = Focal length of the eye-piece lens
And the length (L) of the tube of telescope is equal to the sum of the
focal lengths of the objective lens and the eye piece. Thus,
L = fo + fe
The Astronomical Telescope
The astronomical telescope makes use of two positive lenses: the objective, which
forms the image of a distant object at its focal length, and the eyepiece, which acts
as a simple magnifier with which to view the image formed by the objective. Its
length is equal to the sum of the focal lengths of the objective and eyepiece, and
its angular magnification is -fo /fe, giving an inverted image.
`
The astronomical telescope can be used for terrestrial viewing, but seeing the
image upside down is a definite inconvenience. Viewing stars upside down is no
problem. Another inconvenience for terrestrial viewing is the length of the
astronomical telescope, equal to the sum of the focal lengths of the objective and
eyepiece lenses. A shorter telescope with upright viewing is the Galilean telescope.
The Astronomical Telescope
The diagram shows the standard astronomical telescope focused at infinity. This
requires that the image formed by the objective be exactly at the focal length of the
eyepiece. The astronomical telescope can be used to view objects at finite
distances, although there is the inconvenience of having the image upside down.
Nevertheless, showing the imaging details for finite distances is an interesting
exercise in applying the lens equation. If used to view objects at a finite distance,
the lens separation must be changed, as you can demonstrate by trying different
distances in the calculation below.
Magnifying Power of An Astronomical Telescope

Magnifying Power of An Astronomical Telescope is defined as its ability to magnify a distant
object. Mathematically Magnifying Power of an Astronomical Telescope is equal to the ratio of
focal length of objective to the focal length of eyepiece.
`
Astronomical Telescopes
It is used to observe distinct images of heavenly

bodies.
It consists of 2 lenses, the objective lens O of large

focal length and large aperture and the eyepiece E
which has a small focal length and small aperture.
In the normal adjustment of the telescope, the final

image is formed at infinity.
Principle:
The objective forms the real and inverted image of the

distant object at its focal plane. The distance of the
eyepiece from the objective is adjusted the final image
is formed at the least distance vision. In case the
position of the eye is so adjusted that the final image is
formed at infinity.
`
To increase magnifying power of an astronomical
telescope in normal adjustment, the focal length of
objective lens should be the large and focal length of
eye lens should be small.
Note: In normal adjustment, distance between the

lenses = f0 + fe.
When final image is formed at the least distance of distinct vision from
the eye
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
````````````````````````````

-astronomical-telescope

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

-astronomical-telescope

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

-astronomical-telescope

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPE

Astronomical telescope consists of two convex lenses:

MAGNIFYING POWER www.citycollegiate.com

The magnifying power (M) of astronomical telescope is given by:

since a and b are small angles, therefore we can take:

L = focal length of objective + focal length of eye piece

A telescope is an optical instrument which is used to see the distant

An astronomical telescope is an optical instrument which is used to

The final image formed by an

Principle of Astronomical Telescope

An astronomical telescope works on the principle that when an

Construction of Astronomical Telescope

An astronomical telescope consists of two convex lenses : an

The ray diagram to show the working of the astronomical telescope

It should be noted that, the final image of object (such as stars,

Magnifying Power of an Astronomical Telescope

The Magnifying Power of a telescope is given by:

Where, fo = Focal length of the objective lens

The Astronomical Telescope

The Astronomical Telescope

Magnifying Power of An Astronomical Telescope

It is used to observe distinct images of heavenly

It consists of 2 lenses, the objective lens O of large

In the normal adjustment of the telescope, the final

The objective forms the real and inverted image of the

Note: In normal adjustment, distance between the

You might also like