ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP KIỂM TRA CUỐI KỲ 1 - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025

TIẾNG ANH LỚP 12

I. PRONUNCIATION
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word which has the
underlined part pronounced differently from the others in each of the following questions.
1. A. location B. reputation C. taste D. national
2. A. environment B. generosity C. talented D. judgement
3. A. innovation B. organization C. influential D. plastic
4. A. understand B. cultural C. use D. customary
5. A. variety B. diversify C. country D. festivity
6. A. popularity B. economic C. contaminate D. pollutant
7. A. machine B. sustainable C. climate D. impact
8. A. absorb B. disparity C. result D. business
9. A. contaminated B. container C. recycle D. conservation
10. A. changing B. choose C. chicken D. chemical

II. VOCABULARY
Mark the letter A, B, c, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. Living in their own country, people can easily acquire and ________their cultural identity because
they are fully exposed to different aspects of their native culture.
A. deplete B. maintain C. avoid D. destroy
2. Language is a vital part of culture and critical to a person's __________.
A. cultural identity B. romantic relation C. generation gap D. family background
3. __________are the traditional clothes worn by people from a particular country on special
occasions.
A. Greenhouse effects B. National costumes C. Gap year D. Cultural practices
4. _________is a traditional way of behaving and doing things in a particular society.
A. Custom B. Culture C. Tradition D. Value
5. In conclusion, globalization has helped _________cultural diversity in the world and made people
appreciate different cultures and lifestyles.
A. strengthen B. balance C. render D. demolish
6. Thomas Edison's impressive _________in science include the invention of the phonograph and
development of the light bulb.
A. works B. results C. achievements D. successes
7. Cross-cultural styles that ________both traditional and modern elements are on the rise.
A. dissolve B. filter C. decompose D. blend
8. You need to learn so many __________and build good working relationships with clients.
A. provisions B. features C. regulations D. principles
9. You’re good at Maths, so you should ________in your father’s footsteps.
A. follow B. do C. make D. catch
10. My father believed that if I got a(n) _________to a proper trade I'd be financially secure for life.
A. practice B. price C. award D. apprenticeship

Mark the letter A, B, c, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. Remember to rinse out takeaway food containers properly before you put them in the recycling bins.
A. wipe B. wash off C. put away D. throw away
2. The To Lich River used to be a beautiful tourist destination, but now I is heavily contaminated with
wastewater.
A. decomposed B. destroyed C. wasted D. polluted
3. The bus system in our city is very good and reliable. I often get around the city by bus.
A. can be trusted B. changeable C. can be seen D. reasonable
4. The company has a number of regulations that you must follow.
A. degrees B. traditions C. rules D. ideas
5. As the head chef of the restaurant, my brother is responsible for supervising the work of the kitchen
staff.
A. greeting B. promoting C. managing D. following

Mark the letter A, B, c, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the

underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room.
A. switch on B. switch off C. turn up D. turn down
2. Every year, millions of people from the countryside move to urban areas.
A. rural B. disadvantaged C. modern D. developed
3. Young couples are forced to find affordable housing outside the city.
A. spacious B. high quality C. cheap D. expensive
4. Mary is one of the most hard-working employees in the office and usually works overtime.
A. relaxed B. patient C. mean D. lazy
5. Working in the office can be boring and repetitive.
A. varied B. uninteresting C. ordinary D. predictable

Word form: Give the correct forms of words in brackets.

1. As rural residents move into Ha Noi, the government is providing more affordable_________
(house).
2. Ha Noi has ______________ (improvement) its transport infrastructure, building new roads and
bridges.
3. I know how ____________ (convenience) it is to buy a bottle of water from a vending machine or a
supermarket.
4. burning dried leaves is not only _______ (pollution) to the environment but also increasing fire
risks.
5. We all think we should try making compost piles from the garden and household waste in the future,
which is more eco-friendly and ____________ (sustainability).
6. Continuous learning and skill development are important for __________ (advance) in any career.
7. His __________ (achieve) in the engineering field are recognized internationally.
8. The company is offering __________ (train) programs to help employees improve their skills.
9. The __________ (promote) of equality in the workplace is essential for a healthy work
environment.
10. Finding a good work-life balance is a common challenge for __________ (employ) in demanding
jobs.

III. READING COMPREHENSION

1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase
 that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5
Festivals come with many traditions that bring happiness and joy. However, some of these (1)
__________may not be environmentally friendly, and may need to be changed for a sustainable
future.In countries such as China, India, and Japan, releasing balloons or sky lanterns provides a
spectacular (2) __________. However, the litter left behind the balloons and lanterns is hard to
decompose. The frames of the lanterns can harm wild animals, and many animals (3) __________the
balloons for food. In Australia, the US, and many other countries, there are fascinating firework
displays that people won't want to (4) __________. However, fireworks actually (5) a lot of
harmful chemicals into the air. Like sky lanterns, they can also cause fires.
(Adapted from Global Success)
Question 1. A. wishes B. customs C. structures D. patterns
Question 2. A. scenario B. viewer C. audience D. sight
Question 3. A. replace B. imagine C. accept D. mistake
Question 4. A. watch B. learn C. miss D. think
Question 5. A. recycle B. reuse C. release D. revise

2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5

Urbanisation in Vietnam is rapidly transforming cities across the country. With increasing (1)
__________ in urban areas, more and more people are moving from rural areas to cities. As a result,
cities are becoming more crowded, leading to a (2) __________ of affordable housing. However, to
accommodate the growing population, cities are being (3) __________with modern infrastructure
such as high-rise buildings and improved healthcare facilities.(4) __________ these improvements,
challenges remain, including the need for a reliable national grid and ensuring a living wage for
urban workers. As Vietnam continues to urbanise, balancing economic growth with social welfare
remains a (5)__________ priority for sustainable development.

Question 1. A. trends B. slums C. opportunities D. inequalities

Question 2. A. density B. lack C. sanitation D. concern
Question 3. A. fluctuated B. afforded C. expanded D. upgraded
Question 4. A. Despite B. Although C. Because D. Because of
Question 5. A. steady B. colonial C. key D. sharp

3. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that
best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5

Hanoi is a modern city with a population of over 8 million people. Over the years, the urban area has
gradually (1) __________ to over 3,000 sq km including many of the surrounding villages. As rural
(2) __________ move into Ha Noi, the government is providing more affordable housing. More
high-rise buildings have also been built. Ha Noi has improved its transport infrastructure, building
new roads and bridges. It is modernising bus services using more electric ones. The Ha Noi Metro
opened to the public in 2021 and is (3) __________to include more lines by 2030. (4) __________,
urbanisation has created new problems. As more people come to seek better job opportunities, the city
is getting more and more crowded. This has (5) __________ to more traffic jams and higher
unemployment rates. Air pollution is also causing concern among city residents.

1. A. Afforded B. expanded C. modernised D. concerned

2. A. housing B. concerns C. residents D. convenience
3. A. expected B. affected C. imagined D. structured
4. A. Therefore B. In addition C. However D. For example
5. A. related B. resulted C. led D. complied

4. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5
When applying for a job, the process involves several stages. Firstly, individuals need to apply
for the position by (1) __________ their résumé and cover letter.Employers then review
applications to identify candidates with (2) __________qualifications and experience. (3)
__________ employers receive numerous applications, it's essential to impress
them with a well-written résumé and compelling cover letter.
After initial screening, selected candidates may be invited for interviews to further (4)
__________ their suitability for the role. During the interview stage, candidates have the
opportunity to showcase their skills, experience, and personality, ultimately leading to the
decision to employ the most (5) __________ candidate.
1. A. interfering B. balancing C. submitting D. supervising
2. A. organised B. patient C. challenging D. relevant
3. A. If B. Whereas C. Although D. Because
4. A. assess B. endure C. recruit D. employ
5. A.suit B. suitable C. suitability D. suitably

5. Read the following passage and choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
The increase in urbanization causes different problems. Air and water pollution are amongst the
major issue we have to tackle.
In the first place, cars, factories and burning waste emit dangerous gases that change the air
quality in our cities and pose threats to our health. Dangerous gases such as carbon dioxide and
nitrogen oxides cause respiratory diseases, for instant, bronchitis and asthma. Those are also proved to
have long-term effects on the environment.
Furthermore, with the increased population, it becomes difficult to manage the waste generated
in cities. Most of the waste is discharged or dumped into rivers or onto streets. The waste pollutes water
and makes it unfit for human consumption. Subsequently, it becomes more and more difficult for city
dwellers to get clean water. Some cities in Africa are unable to provide adequate water supply because
most of the water is lost in pipe leakages. In fact, most city dwellers in developing countries are forced
to boil their water or to buy bottled water, which is very expensive.
There are several actions that could be taken to eradicate the problems described above. Firstly,
a simple solution would be joining community efforts to address problems affecting your city. Ask
your parents, friends and relatives to join in as well. These efforts might include clean-up campaigns,
recycling projects and a signature campaign to ask the government to do something about the situation.
A second measure would be encouraging your teacher to talk about these problems and to discuss how
young people can help to solve them. Finally, writing to local organizations working on these issues for
ideas on how you can contribute to solve them.
1. The word tackle in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. deal with B. make up C. try on D. turn down
2. The word those in paragraph 2 refers to ____.
A. bronchitis and asthma B. carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides
C. dangerous gases D. respiratory diseases
3. According to the passage, in some cities in Africa ___
A. people are allowed to dump waste into rivers and on streets
B. people aren't provided enough water due to leaking pipes
C. people have found some solutions to the problems
D. people would rather use boiling water and bottled water
4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. City problems should be taught and be topic for students to discuss at school.
B. Children must ask for their parent's permission before joining community efforts.
C. Participators might take part in different kinds of projects and campaigns.
D. People can contribute in solving the problems by writing to local organizations working on
these issues.
5. Which of the following would serve as the best title for the passage?
A. Environment degradation: Air and water pollution
B. Environmental pollution: Problems and actions
C. Increasing urbanization: Causes and effects
D. Increasing urbanization: Effects and solutions
6. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to
each question
The concept of green living has blossomed in recent years. While reusable grocery bags and
recycling programs are well-established aspects of this movement, green living can extend far beyond
the kitchen. Our wardrobes, too, can be a canvas for environmental consciousness through the adoption
of sustainable fashion.
The fast-fashion industry, characterized by its emphasis on cheap, trendy clothing with a short
lifespan, has come under scrutiny for its environmental toll. From the excessive use of water and
chemicals in textile production to the mountains of discarded clothing ending up in landfills, the
industry's impact is undeniable. Sustainable fashion offers a compelling alternative, prioritizing
practices that minimize environmental damage and promote ethical labour conditions.
At the core of sustainable fashion lies a shift in mindset. We must move away from the impulse
purchases of fleeting trends and cultivate a preference for quality over quantity. Investing in well-made,
timeless pieces crafted from durable materials ensures these garments will remain wardrobe staples for
years to come. This not only reduces clothing waste but also allows for a more curated and personal
style.
Pre-loved clothing offers another exciting avenue for sustainable fashion. Thrift stores and
consignment shops are treasure troves brimming with unique finds, giving garments a second life and
diverting them from landfills. The thrill of the hunt and the potential to unearth a one-of-a-kind piece
add an element of fun and discovery to the shopping experience.
When considering new additions to our wardrobes, opting for natural fibers like organic cotton,
hemp, or linen is a responsible choice. These materials not only have a lower environmental impact
compared to synthetic fabrics but also tend to be more breathable and comfortable to wear.
Additionally, supporting brands that prioritize sustainable practices throughout the supply chain is
crucial. These brands often utilize recycled materials, minimize water usage, and uphold fair labor
standards, ensuring the well-being of workers involved in their garment production.
 (Adapted from Solutions)

1. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. The Importance of Recycling in Fashion
B. The Rise of Eco-Conscious Fashion Consumers
C. Fast Fashion: A Threat to the Environment
D. Greening Your Wardrobe: A Guide to Sustainable Fashion
2. What does the phrase "one-of-a-kind" in the passage mostly mean?
A. replicated and mass-produced
B. common and ordinary
C. unique and unparalleled
D. high-quality and expensive
3. What does the word "their" in the last paragraph refer to?
A. labor standards' B. workers' C. brands' D. opportunity
4. What are some materials mentioned as responsible choices in sustainable fashion?
A. Polyester and nylon B. Recycled plastic
C. Organic cotton, hemp, and linen D. Artificial leather
5. It can be inferred from the passage that ______________.
A. We should prioritize environmentally friendly practices over consumerism.
B. Our clothing choices can have a significant environmental impact.
C. We should limit our shopping and use that money to help the environment.
D. Individuals ought to buy only new clothes and support sustainable brands.

7. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to
each question.
The rise of automation has become a hot topic in the world of work. Robots and Al are increasingly
taking over tasks once done by humans, particularly in manufacturing and data processing. This has
sparked concerns about job displacement, with some fearing a future where humans are no longer
needed in the workforce.
But is automation all doom and gloom? Not necessarily. While some jobs will undoubtedly disappear,
others will be created. The key will be for workers to adapt and develop new skills. The future
workforce will likely demand a focus on creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving-areas where
humans still hold a significant advantage.
Furthermore, automation can actually be a positive force. It can free up human workers from repetitive,
mundane tasks, allowing them to focus on more complex and rewarding work. It can also the challenge
for policy icy and productivity, boosting economic growth.
The challenge for policymakers and businesses will be to ensure a smooth transition as automation
continues to advance. This may involve investing in education and training programs to equip workers
with the skills they need to thrive in the new economy. Additionally, social safety nets might need to be
adapted to support those who are displaced from their jobs.
(Adapted from Close up)
1. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. The Threat of Automation in the Workforce
B. The Rise of Robots and Al in Manufacturing
C. The Benefits and Challenges of Automation
D. The Impact of Job Displacement on Society
2. What does the phrase "doom and gloom" in paragraph 2 mostly mean?
 A. Optimism and hope
B. Fear and pessimism
C. Excitement and enthusiasm
D. Insignificance and harm
3. What does the word "It" in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. positive force B. complex and rewarding work
C. automation D. mundane tasks.
4. What is the primary concern raised about automation in the passage?
A. Decreased efficiency and productivity
B. Job displacement and human relevance in the workforce
C. Economic growth and investment in education
D. Development of new skills and adaptation by workers
5. What is emphasized as a positive aspect of automation in the passage?
A. Increased demand for repetitive tasks
B. Reduction in economic growth
C. Boost in productivity and efficiency
D. Decrease in complexity of work tasks

8. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Urban farming, or the practice of growing food within city limits, has gained popularity worldwide. As
cities expand and populations grow, there is increasing pressure on food supplies, making urban
farming an appealing solution. From rooftop gardens to community plots, urban farms can help
produce fresh, local food in areas that are typically food deserts. Additionally, they provide green
spaces in densely populated areas, contributing to environmental sustainability.
Urban farming also has social benefits. It encourages community engagement and provides educational
opportunities for residents. People can learn about sustainable agriculture, food production, and
environmental conservation. Furthermore, urban farms can offer job opportunities, particularly in
underprivileged neighborhoods, where employment options are often limited. By creating jobs and
encouraging healthy eating, urban farms positively impact the health and well-being of local
communities.
However, urban farming is not without its challenges. One significant issue is space; cities are
crowded, and land is scarce. Finding suitable plots for farming can be difficult and expensive. There
are also regulatory hurdles, as some cities have strict zoning laws that limit agricultural activities.
Additionally, urban soil can be contaminated with pollutants, making it unsuitable for food production.
Despite these obstacles, innovative solutions, such as hydroponics and vertical farming, are making
urban farming more feasible.
In the future, urban farming could play a vital role in food security. As climate change and urbanization
continue, local food sources will become increasingly important. By reducing dependency on long
supply chains, urban farming can ensure that cities remain resilient in the face of global challenges.
1. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of urban farming mentioned in the passage?
A. Job creation B. Reduced greenhouse gas emissions
C. Community engagement D. Increased access to fresh food
2. The word "feasible" in paragraph 3 is CLOSEST in meaning to _______.
A. affordable B. impossible C. achievable D. expensive
3. The word "scarce" in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______.
A. limited B. abundant C. necessary D. rare
4. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?
A. People can learn valuable agricultural techniques.
B. Urban farming leads to conservation efforts.
C. Urban farms create opportunities for local engagement.
D. Urban farming reduces employment opportunities.
5. In which paragraph does the writer discuss social advantages of urban farming?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

IV. WRITING
ERROR IDENTIFICATION
Choose the underlined part among A, B, C, D that needs correcting.
1. Present Perfect
1. I haven’t had my hair cutted since last June.
A. had B. cutted C. since D. last
2. I am worried that I hasn’t still finished my homework yet.
A. worried B. finished C. hasn’t D. yet
3. This is the worst traffic I have never encountered. I'm stuck on the road for hours.
A. This is B. worst C. have never D. for hours
4. Swimming with dolphins was the most amazing experience I had ever had.
A. Swimming B. the most C. amazing D. had
2. Compound sentence
1. You may have an allergy, but be careful with what you eat and drink
A. allergy B. but C. what D. and
2. The Japanese eat healthily, and they live for a long time.
A. and B. eat C. they D. for
3. Nadia doesn’t like to drive, nor she takes the bus everywhere.
A. doesn’t B. to drive C. nor D. takes
4. Nithi is not keeping well, so she decided to go to work.
A. is not B. so C. well D. to go
REWRITE SENTENCES
a. Double Comparatives
1. The cost of living in big cities is getting more expensive every day.
→The cost …………………………………
2. The demand for housing in major cities is becoming more intense every day.
→ The demand …………………………………
3. The situation is becoming worse every day.
→ the situation …………………………………
4. The weather is gettingwarmer every day.
→The weather …………………………………
b. Double Comparatives ( The…, the…)
1. The children are excited with the difficult games.
→ The more …………………………………………………………………….
2. Her confidence grows with every song she sings .
→ The more …………………………………………………
3. The joke is good. The laughter is loud.
→ The better……………………………………………………………………
4. She gets fat. She feels tired.
→ The fatter …………………………………………………………………….
c. Complex Sentence ( so that )
1. She improved her public speaking skills. She can give presentations at work.
→ ………………………………………………………………………………
2. Anna took additional training courses. She could take on more advanced responsibilities in her
new role.
→………………………………………………………………………………
3. Government should upgrade public transportation. More people can use them instead of private
vehicles.
→………………………………………………………………………………
4. A large amount of forest was cut down. People can build new accommodations for tourists.
→………………………………………………………………………………

SENTENCES ARRANGEMENT
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to make a
meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions.
Question 1:
a. Teenagers may want to work part-time while still in school. Let's look at the pros and cons of teens
having part- time jobs.
b. So, if teenagers fail to balance work and study, they may not be able to get good grades or may even
drop out of school.
c. Secondly, they can learn to manage their time better.
d. First, a part-time job provides extra pocket money.
e. In conclusion, teenagers should be aware of both the pros and cons of working part-time.
f. On the other hand, working teens may become tired and stressed as they will have less time to rest
and study.
A. a – d– c – f – b – e B. a – d – f – c – b – e C. a – b – f – c – d – e D. a – b – d – c – f –
e

Question 2:
a. Also, volunteering helps students connect with the community, making them aware of the needs
around them.
b. Additionally, students develop such important skills as teamwork and communication ones while they
volunteer.
c. Firstly, students who do voluntary work gain valuable real-world experience which can help in their future
careers.
d. Finally, doing volunteer work can be a rewarding experience, as students feel good about helping
others.
e. High school students benefit from doing voluntary work in many ways.
A. e — c — a — b — d B. e — a — c — b — d C. c — a — b — d — e D. c — e — a — b
—d

Question 3
a. We are highly impressed with your experience and skills, which make you an ideal candidate for this
role.
b. I am writing to express my excitement in offering you the position of Marketing Manager at our
esteemed company.
c. We believe that you will bring immense value to our team and help us achieve our goals.
d. Please let us know if you accept this offer by replying to this email at your earliest convenience.
e. We look forward to your positive response and are eager to welcome you on board.
f. Sincerely, John Smith
A. a – b – c – d – e – f B. b – a – d – c – e – f C. a – c – b – e – d – f D. b – a – c – e – d –
f

Question 4
a. Your dedication, hard work, and exceptional performance have not gone unnoticed, and this
promotion is a testament to your contributions.
b. We believe that you will excel in this new role and continue to deliver outstanding results.
c. I am delighted to inform you that after careful consideration, we have decided to promote you to the
position of Senior Analyst.
d. Congratulations on this well-deserved promotion, and we look forward to seeing you thrive in your
new role.
e. Best regards, Jane Doe
f. Your new responsibilities will commence from the 1st of next month, and further details will be
provided in a subsequent meeting.
A. a – b – c – e – d – f B. b – c – a – e – f – d C. c – a – b – f – d – e D. a – c – b –
d–e–f

Question 5
a. Therefore, job seekers should focus on building their skills and expanding their networks.
b. Employers often look for candidates who can demonstrate adaptability and a strong work ethic.
c. In today's competitive job market, possessing relevant skills and experience is crucial for securing
employment.
d. In conclusion, a combination of skills, experience, and networking is key to success in the job
market.
e. Networking and professional connections also play a significant role in the hiring process.
f. Additionally, a well-crafted resume and cover letter are essential for making a positive impression.
A. c – b – e – a – f – d B. a – b – d – c – e – f C. c – a – f – b – e – d D. a – e – b – c – d –
f

Question 6
a. Urbanization often leads to the expansion of cities, increasing both population density and the
demand for resources.
b. This rapid growth can result in overpopulation, causing issues such as housing shortages, traffic
congestion, and increased pollution.
c. However, urbanization also brings numerous job opportunities and improves living standards for
many residents.
d. On the downside, the swift pace of urban growth can strain public services and infrastructure,
making it difficult to provide adequate health care, education, and transportation.
e. Therefore, sustainable urban development practices are crucial to managing these challenges
effectively.
f. In conclusion, while urbanization has its benefits, it also poses significant challenges that need
careful consideration and planning.
A. a – c – b – d – f – e B. a – b – d – c – e – f C. a – c – d – b – f – e D. a – b – c – d – f –
e

Question 7:
a. This influx of people can lead to overcrowded cities, placing immense pressure on housing,
transportation, and public services.
b. However, without proper planning, this migration can result in inadequate housing, poor sanitation,
and insufficient public services.
c. On the flip side, urban migration can drive economic growth and cultural exchange, enriching the
social fabric of cities.
d. Therefore, policies should aim to manage urban growth sustainably to ensure the well-being of all
residents.
e. In conclusion, urban migration has both positive and negative impacts that must be balanced.
f. The migration to urban areas has increased significantly in recent years, with people seeking better
job opportunities and living conditions.
A. a – c – d – b – e – f B. a – b – d – c – e – f C. f – a – c – b – e – d D. f – e – a –
d–b–c

Question 8:
a. In conclusion, sustainable urban practices are crucial for protecting the environment and ensuring the
health and well-being of urban residents.
b. The impact of urbanization on the environment is a growing concern, as urban areas consume vast
amounts of energy and resources.
c. For example, urban areas can invest in renewable energy, green buildings, and efficient public
transportation systems.
d. Thus, promoting eco-friendly policies and investments is essential for future urban planning and
development.
e. This excessive consumption can lead to environmental degradation, including pollution,
deforestation, and loss of biodiversity.
f. However, cities also have the potential to implement green initiatives and sustainable practices to
mitigate these environmental impacts.
A. b – e – f – c – a – d B. a – c – b – d – e – f C. a – b – d – c – e – f D. a – c – d –
b–f–e
Question 9:
a. If my application is successful, I will be able to start work after 31 July.
b. I am friendly, sociable and hard-working. I can also speak English, so I can wait on foreign
customers.
c. I am writing to apply for a part-time receptionist, which you advertised on your website on 11 July.
d. I would be delighted to meet you in person to discuss my application and I am available for an
interview on weekdays.
e. I look forward to hearing from you soon.
f. I am in my final year of high school. I have some experience in this job before. Last summer, I
worked at a hotel as a receptionist. My duties included welcoming guests, making and confirming guest
bookings.
A. d – b – e – f – a – c B. a – b – d – c – e – f C. f – a – c – b – e – d D. c –
f–b–d–a–e

Question 10:
a. Additionally, part-time jobs provide experience and boost confidence. Students will become more
confident if they have opportunities to work together with different groups of people.
b. Today, more and more secondary school students are taking part-time jobs, which can benefit them
in various ways.
c. Firstly, working helps students develop valuable skills such as communication, teamwork, and
problem-solving that may be useful in their future careers.
d. For example, teaching assistants prepare lessons, mark assignments, and interact with teachers,
pupils, and parents, building confidence and classroom experience.
e. Finally, part-time jobs enable students to build relationships, forming connections that could benefit
their future careers with potential employers, colleagues, or customers.
f. For instance, a student working as a waiter or waitress can learn to greet and interact with customers,
enhancing life skills.
A. a – c – d – b – e – f B. b – c – f – a – d – e C. b – e – f – a – c –d D. f –
e–a–d–b–c

Question 11:
a. Many employees appreciate the flexibility of remote work, which allows them to manage their
personal and professional lives better. It can improve work-life balance and job satisfaction.
b. However, remote work can also lead to feelings of isolation and lack of team cohesion. Without
daily interactions with colleagues, remote workers may feel disconnected.
c. Firstly, remote work eliminates commuting time, reducing stress and improving productivity.
d. On the other hand, it requires strong self-discipline to maintain productivity.
e. In conclusion, remote work has both advantages and disadvantages.
f. Additionally, remote workers must be proficient in using digital tools and technologies.
A. a – c – f – d – b – e B. a – c – d – f – b – e C. a – f – c – d – b – e D. a – d – c – f – b –
e

Question 12:
a. Internships provide students with valuable work experience and industry insights. They bridge the
gap between academic learning and practical application.
b. For example, interns can develop communication skills and professional networks that are
indispensable for their future careers.
c. Firstly, internships allow students to apply theoretical knowledge in real-world settings, enhancing
their understanding and skills.
d. In conclusion, internships are beneficial for career development, preparing students for the demands
of their chosen fields.
e. However, balancing internships with academic responsibilities can be challenging, leading to stress
and time management issues.
f. Additionally, not all internships are paid, which can be a financial strain for some students.
A. a – c – e – f – b – d B. a – b – d – c – f – e C. a – c – b – e – f – d D. a – c – b – f – e –
d

Question 13:
a. Job satisfaction is crucial for employee retention and productivity. It helps in maintaining a
motivated workforce.
b. Therefore, companies should prioritize creating a positive work environment. A supportive
atmosphere encourages employees to stay longer.
c. For example, offering career development opportunities can increase job satisfaction. Training
programs and workshops are great ways to invest in employees' growth.
d. In conclusion, job satisfaction has a significant impact on overall business success. Satisfied
employees are more likely to be productive and loyal.
e. However, if employees feel undervalued, they may seek opportunities elsewhere. A lack of
recognition can lead to high turnover rates.
f. Additionally, competitive salaries and benefits play a key role in job satisfaction. Financial incentives
are important to retain top talent.
A. a – c – f – b – e – d B. a – f – c – e – b – d C. a – c – f – e – b – d D. a –
f–e–c–b–d

Question 14:
a. Workplace diversity enhances creativity and innovation within a company. Diverse teams bring
varied perspectives, leading to unique solutions.
b. For instance, diverse teams bring different perspectives and ideas to the table. These different
viewpoints can drive innovation.
c. In conclusion, promoting diversity is essential for business growth and success. A diverse workforce
can better serve a diverse customer base.
d. However, achieving workplace diversity can be challenging. It requires commitment and strategic
planning from leadership.
e. Additionally, companies must ensure inclusive practices to support a diverse workforce. Inclusive
policies help retain diverse talent.
f. Therefore, continuous efforts are required to foster an inclusive work environment. Ongoing training
and awareness programs are necessary to sustain inclusivity.

A. a – b – e – d – f – c B. a – d – e – b – f – c C. a – e – b – d – f – c D. a – b – d – e – f –
c

Question 15:
a. Career advancement opportunities are important for employee motivation and retention. Clear
growth paths encourage employees to stay with the company.
b. For example, promoting employees based on merit fosters a culture of achievement. Recognition of
hard work motivates others.
c. In conclusion, companies should invest in their employees' career growth. Providing opportunities
for advancement benefits both the employee and the company.
d. Additionally, providing training and development programs can help employees acquire new skills.
This investment in skills development can lead to higher job satisfaction.
e. However, lack of advancement opportunities can lead to high turnover rates. Employees may leave if
they see no future growth.
f. Therefore, a structured career path within the company is essential. Clear progression plans help
retain talent and boost morale.
A. a – e – d – b – f – c B. a – b – d – e – f – c C. a – d – b – e – f – c D. a –
b–e–d–f–c