mech1

mech1 [69 marks]
1. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.SL.TZ1.3

A car travels clockwise around a circular track of radius R. What is the
magnitude of displacement from X to Y?
A. R
3π
B. R
π
C. R√ 2
D. R [1]
Markscheme
C
A car accelerates uniformly. The car passes point X at time t1 with
velocity v1 and point Y at time t2 with velocity v2. The distance XY is s.
The following expressions are proposed for the magnitude of its

acceleration a:
I. a =
2s
2
(t2−t1)
2 2
v2 −v1
II. a =
2s
v2−v1
III. a =
t2−t1
Which is correct?
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III [1]
Markscheme
C
A ball is projected at an angle to the horizonal on Earth reaching a
maximum height H and a maximum range R. The same ball is projected
at the same angle and speed on a planet where the acceleration due to
gravity is three times that on Earth. Resistance effects are negligible.
What is the maximum range and the maximum height reached on that
planet?
Maximum height
Maximum range
reached
A. R
3
H
B. R
H
C. R
H
D. R H
3 9
[1]
Markscheme
A
A ball falls with terminal velocity through air. What is correct about the
kinetic energy and the total energy of the ball?
Kinetic energy Total energy
A. constant decreases
B. increases decreases
C. constant constant
D. increases constant
Markscheme
A
A ball attached to a string is made to rotate with constant speed along
a horizontal circle. The string is attached to the ceiling and makes an
angle of θ ° with the vertical. The tension in the string is T.
What is correct about the horizontal component and vertical

component of the net force on the ball?
Horizontal component Vertical component
A. T cos θ T sin θ
B. T sin θ T cos θ
C. T cos θ 0
D. T sin θ 0 [1]
Markscheme
D
A block of mass 2.0 kg accelerates uniformly at a rate of 1.0 m s−2 when
a force of 4.0 N acts on it.
The force is doubled while resistive forces stay the same. What is the
block’s acceleration?
A. 4.0 m s−2
B. 3.0 m s−2
C. 2.0 m s−2
D. 1.0 m s−2 [1]
Markscheme
B
The input power of an electric motor is 200 W. It is used to raise a mass
of 10 kg at constant speed.
If the efficiency of the motor is 40 %, through what height will the mass
be raised in 1 second?
A. 0.5 m
B. 0.8 m
C. 1.2 m
D. 2.0 m [1]
Markscheme
B
A tennis ball is dropped from rest from a height. It hits the ground and
bounces back to a lower height. Air resistance is negligible.
What is correct about the collision of the tennis ball with the ground?
A. Elastic because momentum of the system is conserved
B. Elastic because the kinetic energy of the system is conserved
C. Inelastic because momentum of the system is not conserved
D. Inelastic because the kinetic energy of the system is not conserved [1]
Markscheme
D
A stuntman rides a motorcycle on the inside surface of a cylinder.
Which is the correct free-body diagram showing all the forces acting
on the cyclist at that position?
[1]
Markscheme
C

A toy car of mass 2 kg is at rest on a horizontal surface. A force of 30 N is
applied to the toy car at time t = 0. Frictional forces of 10 N act on the
toy car throughout its motion.
What is the speed of the toy car at t = 2 s?
A. 10 m s−1
B. 20 m s−1
C. 30 m s−1
D. 40 m s−1 [1]
Markscheme
B
A stone is thrown vertically up from the top of a cliff with a velocity v at
time t = 0. Air resistance is negligible.
What is the variation with time of the velocity of the stone until it hits
the ground?
[1]
Markscheme

Ball 1 is released at rest from the top of a building. At the same instant
in time, Ball 2 is projected horizontally from the same height. The effect
of air resistance is negligible.
Which statement is true?
A. The velocity on impact with the ground is the same for both balls.
B. The time taken to hit the ground is greater for Ball 2.
C. The speed on impact with the ground is the same for both balls.
D. The velocity on impact with the ground is greater for Ball 2. [1]
Markscheme
D
The angle θ between a ramp and a horizontal surface slowly increases
from zero. An object on the ramp does not slide as θ increases.
The frictional force on the object is
A. constant.
B. negligible.
C. proportional to cos θ.
D. proportional to sin θ. [1]
Markscheme
D
A variable force with a maximum Fmax is applied to an object over a
time interval T. The object has a mass m and is initially at rest.
What is the speed of the object at time T?
FmaxT
A. 2m
FmaxT
B. m
C. FmaxTm
D. 2FmaxTm [1]
Markscheme
A
An object of mass M is accelerated vertically upwards by a motor at a
constant acceleration.
The object is initially at rest and reaches a vertical speed of 4.0 m s−1 in
2.0 s.
What is the average power output of the motor?
A. 8M
B. 24M
C. 32M
D. 48M [1]
Markscheme
B
An object is released from rest at X and slides to Y. The vertical distance
between X and Y is 10 m. During the motion, 20 % of the object’s initial
gravitational potential energy is lost as friction.
What is the speed of the object at Y?
A. 16
√g
B. 2√ g
C. 4√ g
D. 8g [1]
Markscheme
C
A mass on the end of a string is rotating on a frictionless table in
circular motion of radius R1 and undergoes an angular displacement of
θ in time t.
The string tension is kept constant, but the angular displacement of the
mass is increased to 2θ in time t. The radius of the motion changes to R2.
What is R2?
R1
A. 4
B. 2R1
C. 4R1
D. R1 × R1 [1]
Markscheme
A
A car engine has a useful power output of 20 kW and an efficiency of
50 %. The engine consumes 1 × 10−5 m3 of fuel every second. What is
the energy density of the fuel?
A. 2 MJ m−3
B. 4 MJ m−3
C. 2 GJ m−3
D. 4 GJ m−3 [1]
Markscheme
D
19. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.HL.TZ1.2
The kinetic energy of a body is determined from measurements of its
momentum p and its mass m.
The percentage uncertainties in the measurements are:
p ±3%
m ±4%
What is the percentage uncertainty in the kinetic energy?
A. 7 %
B. 10 %
C. 13 %
D. 14 % [1]
Markscheme
B
A car travels clockwise around a circular track of radius R. What is the
magnitude of displacement from X to Y?
A. R
3π
B. R
π
C. R√ 2
D. R [1]
Markscheme
C
A stone of mass m is projected vertically upwards with speed u from the
top of a cliff. The speed of the stone when it is just about to hit the
ground is v.
What is the magnitude of the change in momentum of the stone?
A.
v+u
m( )
2
B.
v−u
m( )
2
C. m(v + u)
D. m(v − u) [1]
Markscheme
C
Which law is equivalent to the law of conservation of energy?
A. Coulomb’s law
B. Ohm’s Law
C. Newton’s first law
D. Lenz’s law [1]
Markscheme

A rocket travels a distance of 3 km in 10 s.
the speed of the rocket

What is the order of magnitude of the speed of light in a vacuum
?
A. −5
B. −6
C. −7
D. −8 [1]
Markscheme
B
The variation with time of the displacement of an object is shown.
What are the average speed and average velocity of the object over
the 10 s time interval?
Average speed / m s−1 Average velocity / m s−1
A. 0.8 0.8
B. 0.8 1.2
C. 1.2 0.8
D. 1.2 1.2
[1]
Markscheme
C
A mass is suspended by a light string from the roof of a car. The car is
accelerating up an incline.
What is the free-body diagram for the mass?
[1]
Markscheme
B
−1
An object is travelling with velocity 5 m s . The object then accelerates
to 15 m s−1 in the same direction.
What is the variation with time of the acceleration of the object?
[1]
Markscheme
D
A spring of negligible mass is compressed and placed between two
stationary masses m and M. The mass of M is twice that of m. The spring is
released so that the masses move in opposite directions.
kinetic energy of m
What is kinetic energy of M
?
A. 1
B. 1
C. 2
D. 4 [1]
Markscheme
C
An object of mass M is accelerated vertically upwards by a motor at a
constant acceleration.
The object is initially at rest and reaches a vertical speed of 4.0 m s−1 in
2.0 s.
What is the average power output of the motor?
A. 8M
B. 24M
C. 32M
D. 48M [1]
Markscheme
B
29. [Maximum mark: 1] 22N.1.SL.TZ0.5
An object of mass 2.0 kg is on a horizontal surface. The object is pulled
by a force of 12.0 N and accelerates at 2.0 m s−2.
What is the coefficient of dynamic friction between the object and the
surface?
A. 0.3
B. 0.4
C. 0.6
D. 0.8 [1]
Markscheme
B
A person lifts a total mass of 20 kg through a vertical distance of 0.60 m.
The person repeats the lift n times to transfer a total energy of 6.0 × 104
J.
What is n?
A. 5
B. 50
C. 500
D. 5000 [1]
Markscheme
C
A ball of mass 1.5 kg strikes a force sensor and bounces. The ball
experiences a change in velocity of 10 m s−1. The graph shows the
variation with time t of the force F recorded by the sensor.
What is ΔT?
A. 0.15 s
B. 0.30 s
C. 0.60 s
D. 3.0 s [1]
Markscheme
B
32. [Maximum mark: 1] 22N.1.HL.TZ0.1
What is the definition of the SI unit for a force?
A. The force required to accelerate, in the direction of the force, a mass

of 1 kg at 1 m s−2
B. The force required to accelerate, in the direction of the force, a mass

at 1 m s−2
C. The weight of a mass of 0.1 kg
D. The change in momentum per second [1]
Markscheme
A
An engine is exerting a horizontal force F on an object that is moving
along a horizontal surface at a constant velocity v. The mass of the
object is m and the coefficient of dynamic friction between the object
and the surface is μ.
What is the power of the engine?
A. Fv
B. μF v
mgv
C. μ
D. μmgv [1]
Markscheme
D
A model rocket is launched from rest. The graph shows the variation
with time t of the net force F applied on the rocket. The average mass of
the rocket is 0.20 kg.
What is the maximum velocity reached by the rocket?
A. 3.0 m s−1
B. 25 m s−1
C. 75 m s−1
D. 150 m s−1 [1]
Markscheme
C
Two trolleys of equal mass travel in opposite directions as shown.
The trolleys collide head-on and stick together.
What is their velocity after the collision?
A. 1 m s−1
B. 2 m s−1
C. 5 m s−1
D. 10 m s−1 [1]
Markscheme
A
An object is pushed from rest by a constant net force of 100 N. When
the object has travelled 2.0 m the object has reached a velocity of 10 m
s−1.
What is the mass of the object?
A. 2 kg
B. 4 kg
C. 40 kg
D. 200 kg [1]
Markscheme
B
Two blocks of different masses are released from identical springs of
elastic constant k = 100 Nm−1, initially compressed a distance Δx = 0.1
m. Block X has a mass of 1 kg and block Y has a mass of 0.25 kg.
What are the velocities of the blocks when they leave the springs?
[1]
Markscheme
C
A book is at rest on a table. One of the forces acting on the book is its
weight.
What is the other force that completes the force pair according to
Newton’s third law of motion?
A. The pull of the book on Earth
B. The pull of Earth on the book
C. The push of the table on the book
D. The push of the book on the table [1]
Markscheme
A
Two bodies each of equal mass travelling in opposite directions collide
head-on.
What is a possible outcome of the collision?
[1]
Markscheme
B
A solid metal ball is dropped from a tower. The variation with time of
the velocity of the ball is plotted.
A hollow metal ball with the same size and shape is dropped from the
same tower. What graph will represent the variation with time of the
velocity for the hollow metal ball?
[1]
Markscheme
C
A book of mass m lies on top of a table of mass M that rolls freely along
the ground. The coefficient of friction between the book and the table
is μ. A person is pushing the rolling table.
What is the maximum acceleration of the table so that the book does
not slide backwards relative to the table?
g
A. μ
B. μg
mg
C. Mμ
D. m
M
μg [1]
Markscheme
B
A ball is thrown vertically downwards with an initial speed of 4.0 m s−1.
The ball hits the ground with a speed of 16 m s−1. Air resistance is
negligible. What is the time of fall and what is the distance travelled by
the ball?
[1]
Markscheme
D
An object of mass 1.0 kg hangs at rest from a spring. The spring has a
negligible mass and the spring constant k is 20 N m−1
What is the elastic potential energy stored in the spring?
A. 1.0 J
B. 2.5 J
C. 5.0 J
D. 10 J [1]
Markscheme
B
A cyclist rides up a hill of vertical height 100 m in 500 s at a constant
speed. The combined mass of the cyclist and the bicycle is 80 kg. The
power developed by the cyclist is 200 W. What is the efficiency of the
energy transfer in this system?
A. 8 %
B. 20 %
C. 60 %
D. 80 % [1]
Markscheme
D
The minute hand of a clock hanging on a vertical wall has length
L = 30 cm.
The minute hand is observed pointing at 12 and then again 30 minutes

later when the minute hand is pointing at 6.
What is the average velocity and average speed of point P on the

minute hand during this time interval?
[1]
Markscheme
A
Two identical blocks, each of mass m and speed v, travel towards each
other on a frictionless surface.
The blocks undergo a head-on collision. What is definitely true

immediately after the collision?
A. The momentum of each block is zero.
B. The total momentum is zero.
C. The momentum of each block is 2mv.
D. The total momentum is 2mv. [1]
Markscheme
B
A force acts on an object of mass 40 kg. The graph shows how the
acceleration a of the object varies with its displacement d.
What is the work done by the force on the object?
A. 50 J
B. 2000 J
C. 2400 J
D. 3200 J [1]
Markscheme
B
A block rests on a rough horizontal plane. A force P is applied to the
block and the block moves to the right.
There is a coefficient of friction μd giving rise to a frictional force F

between the block and the plane. The force P is doubled. Will μd and F
be unchanged or greater?
[1]
Markscheme
A
A projectile is launched at an angle above the horizontal with a
horizontal component of velocity Vh and a vertical component of
velocity Vv. Air resistance is negligible. Which graphs show the
variation with time of Vh and of Vv?
[1]
Markscheme

An object of mass 2m moving at velocity 3v collides with a stationary
object of mass 4m. The objects stick together after the collision. What
is the final speed and the change in total kinetic energy immediately
after the collision?
[1]
Markscheme
B
An object of mass 8. 0 kg is falling vertically through the air. The drag
force acting on the object is 60 N. What is the best estimate of the
acceleration of the object?
A. Zero
B. 2. 5 m s
−2
C. 7. 5 m s
−2
D. 10 m s
−2
[1]
Markscheme
B
P and Q leave the same point, travelling in the same direction. The
graphs show the variation with time t of velocity v for both P and Q.
What is the distance between P and Q when t = 8. 0 s?
A. 20 m
B. 40 m
C. 60 m
D. 120 m [1]
Markscheme
B
A balloon rises at a steady vertical velocity of 10 m s−1. An object is
dropped from the balloon at a height of 40 m above the ground. Air
resistance is negligible. What is the time taken for the object to hit the
ground?
A. 10 s
B. 5s
C. 4s
D. 2s [1]
Markscheme
C
The variation with time t of the acceleration a of an object is shown.
What is the change in velocity of the object from t = 0 to t = 6 s?
A. 6 m s–1
B. 8 m s–1
C. 10 m s–1
D. 14 m s–1 [1]
Markscheme
C
An object hangs from a light string and moves in a horizontal circle of
radius r.
The string makes an angle θ with the vertical. The angular speed of the
object is ω. What is tan θ?
2
A. ω r
g
B. ω r
2
C. ωr
g
D. ωr
2 [1]
Markscheme
A
A stone is thrown downwards from the edge of a cliff with a speed of
5.0 m s–1. It hits the ground 2.0 s later. What is the height of the cliff?
A. 20 m
B. 30 m
C. 40 m
D. 50 m [1]
Markscheme
B
An object of mass m is sliding down a ramp at constant speed. During
the motion it travels a distance x along the ramp and falls through a
vertical distance h. The coefficient of dynamic friction between the
ramp and the object is μ. What is the total energy transferred into
thermal energy when the object travels distance x?
A. mgh
B. mgx
C. μmgh
D. μmgx [1]
Markscheme
A
Two blocks of masses m and 2m are travelling directly towards each
other. Both are moving at the same constant speed v. The blocks collide
and stick together.
What is the total momentum of the system before and after the
collision?
[1]
Markscheme
A
A boat with an output engine power of 15 kW moves through water at
a speed of 10 m s-1. What is the resistive force acting on the boat?
A. 0.15 kN
B. 0.75 kN
C. 1.5 kN
D. 150 kN [1]
Markscheme

A sports car is accelerated from 0 to 100 km per hour in 3 s. What is the
acceleration of the car?
A. 0.1 g
B. 0.3 g
C. 0.9 g
D. 3 g [1]
Markscheme
C
A girl throws an object horizontally at time t = 0. Air resistance can be
ignored. At t = 0.50 s the object travels horizontally a distance x in
metres while it falls vertically through a distance y in metres.
What is the initial velocity of the object and the vertical distance fallen
at t = 1.0 s?
[1]
Markscheme
D
A boy throws a ball horizontally at a speed of 15 m s-1 from the top of a
cliff that is 80 m above the surface of the sea. Air resistance is
negligible.
What is the distance from the bottom of the cliff to the point where the
ball lands in the sea?
A. 45 m
B. 60 m
C. 80 m
D. 240 m [1]
Markscheme

A book is at rest on a table. What is a pair of action–reaction forces for
this situation according to Newton’s third law of motion?
[1]
Markscheme
C
The graph shows the variation of momentum with time for an object.
What net force acts on the object for the first 2.0 s and for the second
2.0 s of the motion?
[1]
Markscheme
A
A compressed spring is used to launch an object along a horizontal
frictionless surface. When the spring is compressed through a distance
x and released, the object leaves the spring at speed v. What is the
distance through which the spring must be compressed for the object
to leave the spring at 2v ?
A. x
B. x
C. x
√2
D. x√ 2 [1]
Markscheme
B
A ball of mass m collides with a wall and bounces back in a straight line.
The ball loses 75 % of the initial energy during the collision. The speed
before the collision is v.
What is the magnitude of the impulse on the ball by the wall?
√3
A. (1 −
2
)mv
1
B. 2
mv
C. 5
4
mv
D. 3
2
mv [1]
Markscheme
D
A projectile is fired at an angle to the horizontal. The path of the
projectile is shown.
Which gives the magnitude of the horizontal component and the

magnitude of the vertical component of the velocity of the projectile
between O and P?
[1]
Markscheme
A
A mass m attached to a string of length R moves in a vertical circle with a
constant speed. The tension in the string at the top of the circle is T.
What is the kinetic energy of the mass at the top of the circle?
R(T +mg)
A. 2
R(T −mg)
B. 2
Rmg
C. 2
R(2T +mg)
D. 2
[1]
Markscheme
A
Three forces act at a point. In which diagram is the point in
equilibrium?
[1]
Markscheme
B
A uniform ladder resting in equilibrium on rough ground leans against
a smooth wall. Which diagram correctly shows the forces acting on the
ladder?
[1]
Markscheme
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mech1 [69 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.SL.TZ1.3

The following expressions are proposed for the magnitude of its

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III [1]

Kinetic energy Total energy

What is correct about the horizontal component and vertical

Horizontal component Vertical component

D. 1.0 m s−2 [1]

A. Elastic because momentum of the system is conserved

B. Elastic because the kinetic energy of the system is conserved

C. Inelastic because momentum of the system is not conserved

10. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.SL.TZ2.2

What is the speed of the toy car at t = 2 s?

12. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.SL.TZ2.4

Which statement is true?

B. The time taken to hit the ground is greater for Ball 2.

The frictional force on the object is

D. proportional to sin θ. [1]

What is the speed of the object at time T?

What is the average power output of the motor?

What is the speed of the object at Y?

The percentage uncertainties in the measurements are:

What is the magnitude of the change in momentum of the stone?

C. Newton’s first law

D. Lenz’s law [1]

23. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.HL.TZ2.1

the speed of the rocket

Average speed / m s−1 Average velocity / m s−1

What is the free-body diagram for the mass?

What is the variation with time of the acceleration of the object?

What is the average power output of the motor?

A. The force required to accelerate, in the direction of the force, a mass

B. The force required to accelerate, in the direction of the force, a mass

C. The weight of a mass of 0.1 kg

D. The change in momentum per second [1]

What is the power of the engine?

What is the maximum velocity reached by the rocket?

D. 150 m s−1 [1]

The trolleys collide head-on and stick together.

What is their velocity after the collision?

What is the mass of the object?

A. The pull of the book on Earth

B. The pull of Earth on the book

C. The push of the table on the book

D. The push of the book on the table [1]

What is a possible outcome of the collision?

What is the elastic potential energy stored in the spring?

The minute hand is observed pointing at 12 and then again 30 minutes

What is the average velocity and average speed of point P on the

The blocks undergo a head-on collision. What is definitely true

A. The momentum of each block is zero.

B. The total momentum is zero.

C. The momentum of each block is 2mv.

D. The total momentum is 2mv. [1]

What is the work done by the force on the object?

There is a coefficient of friction μd giving rise to a frictional force F

50. [Maximum mark: 1] 20N.1.SL.TZ0.3

What is the distance between P and Q when t = 8. 0 s?