College Writing 3 – Progress Test 1

1. Read the student paragraph below. Then, complete the steps that follow the paragraph.
a. Naturalizer shoes are more comfortable than other brands and look just as stylish.

b. Comfort: Naturalizer shoes are more comfortable than other brands.

Style: Naturalizer shoes look just as stylish.

c. 1. Comfort: a. Cushy padding under the heel and the ball of the foot for shock absorption.
b. Flexible sole that bends with the foot, reducing fatigue when walking.
c. Well-fitting due to a wide variety of sizes and soft materials in the upper part.

2. Style: a. Fashionable designs that change every season to stay current with trends.
b. Naturalizer shoes do not have the stereotypical appearance of "old people" shoes.
c. Endorsements from the speaker's friends and sister who find the shoes both comfortable and
stylish.

d. Comfort:
1. Cushy padding under the heel and the ball of the foot for shock absorption.
 This feature provides extra comfort by absorbing the impact on the heel and the
ball of the foot.
2. Flexible sole that bends with the foot, reducing fatigue when walking.
 The flexible sole is designed to move with the foot, preventing tiredness during
extended periods of walking.
3. Well-fitting due to a wide variety of sizes and soft materials in the upper part.
 The wide range of sizes accommodates different foot shapes, and the use of soft
materials in the upper part ensures a comfortable fit for various feet.

Style:
1. Fashionable designs that change every season to stay current with trends.
 Naturalizer shoes keep up with fashion trends, offering a variety of stylish
designs that are updated regularly.
2. Naturalizer shoes do not have the stereotypical appearance of "old people" shoes.
 The shoes are designed in a way that avoids the traditional, stereotypical look
associated with footwear for older individuals.
3. Endorsements from the speaker's friends and sister who find the shoes both comfortable
and stylish.
 Personal testimonials from the speaker's friends and sister reinforce the idea that
Naturalizer shoes are not only comfortable but also stylish, providing real-world
examples of people who appreciate both aspects.

e. Comfort:
1. Cushy padding
2. Shock absorption
3. Flexible sole
4. Bends with the foot
5. Reduced fatigue
 6. Wide variety of sizes
7. Soft materials
8. Well-fitting
9. Inner padding
10. Comfortable

Style:
1. Fashionable designs
2. Change every season
3. Not "old people" shoes
4. Stylish
5. Fashion world
6. Many fashionable styles
7. Keep up with changes
8. Endorsements from friends
9. Endorsement from sister
10. Comfortable and stylish
f. The paragraph's concluding technique involves a persuasive appeal and a call to action. The
speaker concludes by stating, "Therefore, more people should buy Naturalizer shoes to feel
relaxed and look good at the same time." This is a clear call to action, encouraging readers to
consider purchasing Naturalizer shoes for the dual benefits of comfort and style. The use of
"therefore" indicates a logical conclusion based on the information provided in the paragraph,
and the statement serves as a persuasive summary of the main points.

2. Read the introduction below. Then, complete the steps that follow.
List the characteristics of a good introduction of the student sample above.
1. Engagement: The introduction begins with a relatable experience—feeling tired of the
challenges of online shopping. This engages the reader by addressing a common
frustration.
2. Problem Statement: The introduction highlights a common problem faced by online
shoppers—the difficulty of choosing a reliable website for online shopping.
3. Rationale: The writer presents the advantages of online shopping, acknowledging its
convenience while also acknowledging the challenges of selecting the right websites.
4. Thesis Statement: The writer clearly states the purpose of the essay by introducing
three web design criteria (graphics, information, and links) that will be used to evaluate
and compare online shopping websites.
5. Preview of Content: The writer provides a preview of the specific criteria (graphics,
information, and links) that will be used to evaluate the websites and mentions the
selected websites for comparison (American Eagle and Old Navy).
6. Personal Connection: The writer establishes a personal connection by explaining the
reason for choosing the particular websites—preparing for the upcoming winter season
and the need for new jackets.
7. Clear Focus: The introduction maintains a clear focus on the main topic, which is
evaluating and comparing online shopping websites based on specific criteria.
Overall, the introduction is effective in setting up the context, identifying the problem, stating the
purpose of the essay, and providing a clear roadmap for what the reader can expect in the
subsequent discussion.
3. Each quotation below from Lynch & Horton’s Web Style Guide, contains one quoting error,
Identify and correct the errors.
a. According to Lynch and Horton, "Graphic design creates visual logic and seeks an optimal
balance between visual sensation and graphic information."
b. Lynch and Horton maintain, "A careful, systematic approach to page design can simplify
navigation, reduce user errors, and make it easier for readers to take advantage of the
information and features of the site."
c. The authors stress, "The fundamental organizing principle in Web site design is meeting
users' needs."
d. Lynch and Horton argue that, "Thinking carefully about what you want to say and how you
want to say it requires that you become intimately acquainted with your site content."

4. Read the body paragraph below about taste loss. Then, complete the steps that follow.
a. Complete Citation: Include the publication date (if available) in the citation. Since the
webpage is dated as "Retrieved October 24, 2004," you could include this date in the citation.
Corrected Citation: According to Koepnik, people "could lose up to 20 to 60% of their taste
buds after the age of 60" (Koepnik, n.d., para. X).
b. Page or Paragraph Number: If the webpage has specific page or paragraph numbers, it's
good practice to include them in the citation. However, in the provided text, the paragraph
number is noted as "para. X," which indicates that the exact paragraph number is not specified.
If possible, you should replace "X" with the actual paragraph number.

Corrected Citation (if paragraph numbers are available):

According to Koepnik, people "could lose up to 20 to 60% of their taste buds after the age of 60"
(Koepnik, n.d., para. Y).

5. The sentence below contains errors in the use of transitions. Identify and correct each error.
a. Many types of hearing aids are sold every day. However, only six types are the most common
in the United States.
b. Digital hearing aids help people hear better by making sounds louder. Additionally, they
improve the quality of the sound.
c. Hearing loss can be caused by loud noises. Furthermore, we should avoid listening to very
loud music.
d. Digital hearing aids are very accurate because they adjust to the sound environment. In
contrast, analogue hearing aids do not have this function and do not adjust to different sounds.

6. Read the student paragraph below. Then, complete the steps that follow.
1. The Maybelline website was well laid out and the images were eye-catching.

2. 1) The website layout and images were attractive.

2) Pop-ups in the middle of the screen offered foundations, providing a clear view of options.
3) A toolbar across the top provided more information about products.
4) The website offered a virtual makeover tool.
5) Images and videos, including one of a lady driving, were attractive.
6) The music on the website was pleasant.
7) Beautiful models wearing makeup were featured.
8) The best part was seeing a model's face wearing the chosen makeup.

3. - The website offered foundations in pop-ups in the middle of the screen, making it easy to
see all the options.
- Maybelline had a toolbar across the top for more information about products.
- The website offered a virtual makeover tool where users could see themselves wearing
Maybelline makeup.
- The central video of a lady driving and the pleasant music contributed to the website's
attractiveness.
- Beautiful models wearing makeup on the website made the experience appealing.
- The pop-up of the foundation displayed a model's face wearing the foundation, making it
easier to decide if the makeup was liked.

7. In the background paragraph below about digital hearing aids, one or more controlling ideas
in the topic sentence are not well explained in the paragraph. Read the paragraph carefully.
Then complete the steps that follow.
1. For the past decade, many people have used hearing aids to improve their hearing,
especially the elderly.
2. "Hearing aids"
"Improve hearing"
"Elderly"
"Hearing loss"
"Listening to loud music"
"Statistics show"
"Cope with hearing problems"
"Electronic devices"
"Ear canal"
"Hard of hearing"
"Different types of hearing aids"
"Newest method"
"Digital hearing aid"
"Automatically adjusts"
"Clearer and louder"
3. The controlling idea that may need further development is the explanation of different types of
hearing aids. The paragraph mentions that "many people have used different types of hearing
aids to help with daily life," but it does not provide specific details about these different types.
Expanding on the various types of hearing aids, their features, and how they cater to different
needs could enhance the paragraph's depth and completeness.

15.
Physical noise: - Examples of physical noise include a microphone malfunction during a
presidential speech.
- Another example is a car alarm disrupting communication during a phone call
with a pizza delivery man.
Semantic noise: - Semantic noise is related to a person's knowledge, experience, or feelings.
- An example is one person getting distracted and "tuning out" during a
conversation because of being late for an appointment.
- Another example is taking on a negative attitude toward a speaker due to bad
breath.
16. You're driving along the highway, trying to read the next road sign when a truck drives in
front of you, blocking your view.
a) physical noise
17. You're sitting in your history class, listening to your professor's lecture. You notice that he's
wearing the same shirt that he has worn for the past two weeks and you wonder if he'll ever
wash it.
b) semantic noise
18. The phone rings. You pick it up and the person on the other line starts speaking Russian.
You do not speak Russian.
b) semantic noise
19. You're at the doctor's office, waiting for your appointment and reading an interesting
magazine article. You turn to the last page and find out that someone has ripped the page out.
a) physical noise

ORAL COMMUNICATION – 3
Chapter 3. Summarizing the lecture “Interpersonal vs Mass communication”
1. Interpersonal communication is the exchange of information, thoughts, and feelings between
two or more people.
2. Similarities:
1. Message Creation: Both involve creating and sharing messages.
2. Audience: Both have a sender and receiver(s).
3. Feedback: Both may involve feedback from the audience.
4. Purpose: Both serve informational, persuasive, or entertainment purposes.

Differences:
1. Participants:
 Interpersonal: Few participants, often face-to-face.
 Mass: Many participants, often through media.
2. Channels:
 Interpersonal: Direct channels (conversation, phone).
 Mass: Mediated channels (TV, radio, digital).
3. Feedback Dynamics:
 Interpersonal: Immediate and interactive.
 Mass: Delayed and less interactive.
4. Personalization:
 Interpersonal: Personalized based on individual context.
 Mass: Standardized for a broad audience.
5. Control:
 Interpersonal: Communicators have more control.
 Mass: Less control once the message is released.
3. Mass communication is the process of creating and transmitting messages to a large and
diverse audience through various media channels, such as television, radio, print, and digital
platforms.
4. Similarities:
1. Message Reception: Both interpersonal and mass communication involve a receiver
who receives and interprets messages.
Differences:
1. Number of Receivers:
 Interpersonal: Involves a small number of receivers, often face-to-face.
 Mass: Involves a large and diverse audience, often through media.
2. Feedback:
 Interpersonal: Immediate and interactive feedback.
 Mass: Feedback is delayed, indirect, and less interactive.
3. Personalization:
 Interpersonal: Personalized based on individual context.
 Mass: Standardized for a broad audience.
4. Channel:
 Interpersonal: Direct channels like conversation.
 Mass: Mediated channels like TV or digital platforms.
5. Similarities:
1. Existence of Noise: Both interpersonal and mass communication can be affected by
noise, which disrupts message clarity.

Differences:
1. Nature of Noise:
 Interpersonal: Personal and immediate (e.g., distractions).
 Mass: External and broad (e.g., technical issues, competing messages).
2. Impact of Noise:
 Interpersonal: Direct and immediate impact on small groups.
 Mass: Indirect impact on large and diverse audiences.
3. Feedback and Noise:
 Interpersonal: Immediate feedback allows quick adjustments.
 Mass: Delayed feedback challenges prompt noise resolution.
4. Control Over Noise:
 Interpersonal: Communicators have more control.
  Mass: Communicators have less direct control, especially in large-scale
communication.
6. Similarities:
1. Creation of Message: Both interpersonal and mass communication involve making and
sending messages.

Differences:
1. Scale:
 Interpersonal: Small groups, often face-to-face.
 Mass: Large and diverse audience through various media.
2. Personalization:
 Interpersonal: Highly personalized for individuals.
 Mass: Standardized for a broad audience.
3. Feedback:
 Interpersonal: Immediate and interactive.
 Mass: Delayed and less interactive due to scale.
4. Channels:
 Interpersonal: Direct channels like conversation.
 Mass: Mediated channels like TV or digital platforms.

7.
Similarities:
1. Existence of Feedback: Both interpersonal and mass communication involve the
potential for feedback.
Differences:
1. Nature of Feedback:
 Interpersonal: Immediate and interactive.
 Mass: Delayed and less interactive.
2. Scale:
 Interpersonal: Small groups with personalized feedback.
 Mass: Large audience with less detailed feedback.
 3. Channels:
 Interpersonal: Verbal and non-verbal cues.
 Mass: Indirect sources like surveys or social media.
4. Effect on Communication:
 Interpersonal: Immediate feedback aids effective communication.
 Mass: Delayed feedback may limit real-time adjustments.
8. d. promotional announcement
9. a. public service announcement
10. c. 35%
11. b. network ads.
12. b. area
13. c. piggy-backing

Oral Communication 3
Progress Test 1

Academic Lecture:
Choose the correct answer.
1. How many inventions did Edison patent?
c. About 1000
2. Which inventor worked with Edison on the kinetoscope and kinetograph?
a. Dickson
3. When did the movie industry start to regulate themselves?
b. About 1910
4. Which MPPC was responsible for setting strict rules about the content of movies in the
1930s?
a. Motion Picture Production Code
5. How did Americans show their sense of freedom after WW1 in the way they dressed?
After World War I, Americans expressed their sense of freedom in the way they dressed during
the 1920s, known as the "Roaring Twenties." This era saw a departure from traditional fashion
norms, particularly for women who embraced more relaxed and liberating styles, such as
shorter skirts and flapper dresses. This shift in fashion reflected a broader societal desire for
liberation and a break from the constraints of the past.
6. In the previous lecture, MPPC stood for Motion Picture Patents Company. What does it stand
for in this lecture?
Motion Picture Production Code
7. What are two aspects of movies that the MPPC banned?
1. Nudity and Indecent Exposure: The Hays Code prohibited explicit nudity or indecent
exposure in films, aiming to maintain a standard of decency and avoid explicit content.
2. Portrayal of Illegal Activities: The Code discouraged the explicit portrayal or
endorsement of criminal activities, including details that could be deemed instructional or
provocative.
8. What is the MPA rating system?
The MPA (Motion Picture Association) rating system is a film classification system in the United
States that provides age-based content ratings for movies. The ratings are: G (General
Audiences), PG (Parental Guidance), PG-13 (Parents Strongly Cautioned for children under
13), R (Restricted, requires accompanying parent or guardian for those under 17), and NC-17
(No one 17 and under admitted).
9. Give two reasons why movies were so popular during the 1930s and 40s.
1. Escape from Reality: During the Great Depression of the 1930s, and later during World
War II in the 1940s, people turned to movies as a means of escape from the harsh
realities of economic hardship and global conflict. The cinema provided a form of
entertainment and diversion from the challenges of daily life.
2. Affordability and Accessibility: Movie theaters offered an affordable form of
entertainment for the masses. With relatively low ticket prices, going to the movies
became a popular recreational activity for people of various socio-economic
backgrounds. Additionally, the accessibility of theaters in urban and rural areas
contributed to the widespread popularity of movies during this period.
10. What are some files that use computer animation?
1. GIF: For simple web animations.
2. SWF: Used for vector-based web animations (Adobe Flash).
3. MP4: Standard video format for 2D and 3D animations.
4. AVI: Multimedia container for animations and videos.
5. MOV: Apple's multimedia container for animations.