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    Java Programming

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    pojica9283
    Java Programming

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Java Programming

    Uploaded by

    pojica9283
    8 views4 pages
    Java Programming

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Java Programming

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    8 views4 pages

    Java Programming

    Uploaded by

    pojica9283
    Java Programming

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 4

    1.

    Introduction to Java

    Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems


    (now Oracle) in 1995. It is platform-independent due to its "Write Once, Run Anywhere"
    (WORA) capability, enabled by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

     Key Features:
    o Object-Oriented: Uses concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism,
    abstraction, and encapsulation.
    o Platform-Independent: Java code is compiled into bytecode that runs on any
    device with a JVM.
    o Secure: Offers features like bytecode verification, security manager, and
    exception handling.
    o Multi-threaded: Supports concurrent programming, allowing multiple threads to
    run simultaneously.

    2. Java Development Environment

     Installation Steps:
    1. Download and install the Java Development Kit (JDK).
    2. Set the JAVA_HOME environment variable to point to the JDK directory.
    3. Install an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) like IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse,
    or NetBeans.
     Basic Tools:

    o javac: Compiles Java source code into bytecode.


    o java: Executes compiled Java bytecode.
    o jar: Packages Java classes into executable JAR files.

    3. Core Concepts in Java

     Basic Syntax:

    java
    Copy code
    public class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println("Hello, World!");
    }
    }

     Data Types:
    o Primitive: int, float, char, boolean, etc.
    o Non-Primitive: Strings, Arrays, Classes, and Objects.
     Control Structures:
    o Conditional: if, else, switch.
    o Loops: for, while, do-while.

    4. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Java

     Class and Object:


    o A class is a blueprint for objects.
    o Example:

    java
    Copy code
    class Car {
    String color;
    void drive() {
    System.out.println("The car is driving.");
    }
    }
    public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    Car myCar = new Car();
    myCar.color = "Red";
    myCar.drive();
    }
    }

     Inheritance: Enables a class to inherit properties and methods from another.


    o Example: class Dog extends Animal {}
     Polymorphism: Allows methods to perform differently based on the object.
    o Example: Overloading and overriding methods.
     Encapsulation: Hides internal implementation using private variables and public
    getters/setters.
     Abstraction: Achieved using abstract classes and interfaces.

    5. Java Libraries and Frameworks

     Standard Libraries:
    o java.lang: Core classes like String, Math, Object.
    o java.util: Collections framework, utility classes like ArrayList, HashMap.
    o java.io: Input/output classes for file handling.
    o java.net: Classes for network programming.
     Popular Frameworks:
    o Spring: Framework for building enterprise applications.
    o Hibernate: ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) framework for database
    interaction.
    o JavaFX: Framework for building desktop GUI applications.

    6. Java and Multi-threading

     Thread Basics:
    o A thread is a lightweight process.
    o Threads can be created by extending Thread class or implementing Runnable.
    o Example:

    java
    Copy code
    public class MyThread extends Thread {
    public void run() {
    System.out.println("Thread is running.");
    }
    }
    public class TestThread {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    MyThread thread = new MyThread();
    thread.start();
    }
    }

     Thread Synchronization: Prevents thread interference using synchronized blocks or


    methods.

    7. Java Best Practices

     Write clean and readable code with proper naming conventions.


     Use exception handling to manage runtime errors.
    o Example: try-catch-finally.
     Avoid using static unnecessarily as it limits flexibility.
     Leverage Java Collections Framework for efficient data manipulation.
     Optimize performance by using multi-threading where applicable.

    8. Advanced Java Concepts

     Generics: Allow type safety and code reusability.


    o Example: ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
     Streams and Lambda Expressions (Introduced in Java 8):
    o Simplify operations like filtering and mapping on collections.
    o Example:

    java
    Copy code
    List<Integer> numbers = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
    numbers.stream().filter(n -> n % 2 ==
    0).forEach(System.out::println);

     Annotations: Metadata added to classes, methods, or variables for special processing


    (e.g., @Override, @Deprecated).

    Java is widely used for building scalable and secure applications across various domains,
    including web development, enterprise systems, mobile apps, and embedded systems. Mastering
    Java involves continuous practice, exploring frameworks, and staying updated with the latest
    versions and features.

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