Introduction to

Web Development

Chapter 1

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development

© 2017 Pearson
Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
http://www.funwebdev.com
 Chapter 1
A Complicated Definitions and
1 Ecosystem 2 History

The Client- Where is the

3 Server Model 4 Internet?

Working in Web Summary

5 Development 6

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Chapter 1
A Complicated Definitions and
1 Ecosystem 2 History

The Client- Where is the

3 Server Model 4 Internet?

Working in Web Summary

5 Development 6

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 A Complicated Ecosystem

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Chapter 1
A Complicated Definitions and
1 Ecosystem 2 History

The Client- Where is the

3 Server Model 4 Internet?

Working in Web Summary

5 Development 6

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Definitions and History
A Short History of the Internet

• Telephone Network
• Packet Networks
• ARPANET (1969)
• X.25 (1974)
• USENET (1979)
• TCP/IP (1983)  INTERNET

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Definitions and History
The Internet and WWW are different (but related) things

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Definitions and History
The Birth of the Web (1990)

1. URLS
2. HTTP
3. SERVERS
4. BROWSERS
5. HTML

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Definitions and History
The Growth of the Internet

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Definitions and History
Web Applications in Comparison to Desktop Applications

Advantages:
• Accessible from any Internet-enabled computer.
• Usable with different operating systems and browser
applications.
• Easier to roll out program updates
• Fewer security concerns about local
• Storage.

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Definitions and History
Web Applications in Comparison to Desktop Applications

Disadvantages:
• Requirement to have an active Internet connection
• Security concerns about sensitive private data being
transmitted over the
• Internet.
• Concerns over the storage, licensing, and use of uploaded data.
• Problems with certain websites not having an identical
appearance across all
• browsers.
• Restrictions on access to operating system resources
• Clients or their IT staff may have additional plugins added
• to their browsers

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Definitions and History
Static Websites versus Dynamic Websites

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Definitions and History
Static Websites versus Dynamic Websites

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Definitions and History
Static Websites versus Dynamic Websites

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Definitions and History
Web 2.0 and Beyond

• Web 2.0 Dynamic

• Web 3.0 Semantic
• Web Science
• …

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Definitions and History
Sociotechnological Integration—Web Science

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Chapter 1
A Complicated Definitions and
1 Ecosystem 2 History

The Client- Where is the

3 Server Model 4 Internet?

Working in Web Summary

5 Development 6

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 The Client-Server Model
The Request-Response Loop

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 The Client-Server Model
The Peer-to-Peer Alternative

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 The Client-Server Model
Server Types

• Web Servers
• Application Servers
• Database Servers
• Mail Servers
• Media Servers
• Authentication Servers
• …

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 The Client-Server Model
Real-World Server Installations – Server Farm

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 The Client-Server Model
Real-World Server Installations – Server Rack

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 The Client-Server Model
Real-World Server Installations – Data Center

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Chapter 1
A Complicated Definitions and
1 Ecosystem 2 History

The Client- Where is the

3 Server Model 4 Internet?

Working in Web Summary

5 Development 6

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Where Is the Internet?
From the Computer to the Local Provider

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Where Is the Internet?
(Simplified) Routing Tables

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Where Is the Internet?
From the Local Provider to the Ocean’s Edge

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Where Is the Internet?
From the Local Provider to the Ocean’s Edge –IXP and Data Centers

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Where Is the Internet?
Across the Oceans

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Chapter 1
A Complicated Definitions and
1 Ecosystem 2 History

The Client- Where is the

3 Server Model 4 Internet?

Working in Web Summary

5 Development 6

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Roles and Skills

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Working in Web Development
Roles and Skills

• Hardware Architect/Network Architect/Systems Engineer

• System Administrator
• Database Administrator/Data Architect
• Security Specialist/Consultant/Expert
• Developer/Programmer
• Front-End Developer/UX Developer

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Working in Web Development
Roles and Skills (II)

• Software Engineer
• UX Designer/UI Designer/Information Architect
• Tester/Quality Assurance
• SEO Specialist
• Content Strategists/Marketing Technologist
• Project Manager/Product Manager
• Business Analyst
• Nontechnical Roles

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Working in Web Development
Types of Web Development Companies

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Chapter 1
A Complicated Definitions and
1 Ecosystem 2 History

The Client- Where is the

3 Server Model 4 Internet?

Working in Web Summary

5 Development 6

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Summary
Key Terms

application server (IX or IXP) request-response loop

authentication server Internet service provider response
bandwidth (ISP) router
broadband modem load balancers routing table
cable modem termination mail server semantic web
system media server server
circuit switching Mosaic server farm
client Netscape Navigator server racks
client-server model Network Access Points shared hosting
data center (NAP) static website
database server next-hop routing user experience
DevOps packet virtual server
dynamic website packet switching webmaster
failover redundancy peer Web 2.0
fiber optic cable peer-to-peer World Wide Web
full-stack developer model Consortium (W3C)
HTTP request
intranet Request for Comments
Internet exchange point (RFC)

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.
 Questions?

Randy Connolly and Ricardo Hoar Fundamentals of Web Development - 2nd Ed.