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    Ethics 06 Mains Question

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    Ashwani Singh Chauhan

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    Ethics 06 Mains Question

    Uploaded by

    Ashwani Singh Chauhan
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    10 views2 pages

    Ethics 06 Mains Question

    Uploaded by

    Ashwani Singh Chauhan

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    1

    Ethics – Mains Question 06

    1. What do you mean by Human Interface? Explain the terms Determinism, Objectification and Free
    will related to human interface. (150 words, 10 Marks)

    Approach:

    ❖ Introduction: Start the answer with a brief introduction about the human interface and state the
    interrelationship between the asked terms.
    ❖ Body: Explain, with the help of examples, the terms determinism, objectification, and free will.
    ❖ Conclusion: Conclude the answer by summarizing the importance of terms in ethics.

    Answer:
    Human Interface means the actions done by humans consciously, deliberately, and in view of an end. It is
    concerned about that part of human conduct for which humans have some personal responsibility.
    Determinism, objectification, and free will are interconnected concepts that relate to the human interface and
    the nature of decision-making.
    The Explanation of the terms Determinism, Objectification and Free will are as Follows:
    ❖ Determinism: Determinism is the philosophical view that events are completely determined by
    previously existing causes. The doctrine is that all events, including human action, are ultimately
    determined by causes regarded as external to the will. Some philosophers have taken determinism to imply
    that individual human beings have no free will and cannot be held morally responsible for their actions.
    ➢ Examples:
    ✓ In earlier days tsunamis were considered unpredictable in nature. In the present day, the existing
    knowledge helps to predict the tsunami on the basis of predetermined criteria.
    ✓ In patriarchy, rules are decided for women for what they can do or not.
    ❖ Objectification: If determinism is applied in culture and society, it will turn human beings into objects.
    Objectification is the act of treating a person as an object or a thing. It is part of dehumanization, the act
    of disavowing the humanity of others. Sexual objectification, the act of treating a person as a mere object
    of sexual desire, is a subset of objectification.
    ➢ Example:
    ✓ In a patriarchal society, women are considered objects that will subserve the interests of male
    members.
    ✓ Varna system.
    ❖ Free will: Free will is the supposed power or capacity of humans to make decisions or perform actions
    independently of any prior event or state of the universe. It liberates human beings from determinism. It
    means to have a choice to decide. (Had I wished I could have acted otherwise.)
    ➢ Preconditions for free will:
    ✓ Knowledge about ethical and moral norms.
    2

    ✓ Accountability and free will are closely linked with knowledge. This knowledge is about norms
    and consequences (What is right? or What is wrong?).
    ✓ Example: In the Right to Education Act, teachers can not give physical punishment because
    a child is ‘Dolly Incapax’ (Child can not do wrong).
    ✓ Having multiple choice.
    ✓ Example: Citizens have rights in Democratic countries and not in dictatorships.
    ✓ Absence of internal pressure and external pressure.
    ✓ Examples:
    • External Pressure: Theft at the gunpoint of bank manager, Taliban enforces norms for
    women in Afghanistan, etc.
    • Internal Pressure: OCD (Obsessive-compulsive disorder) person, unsound-minded
    person, etc.
    These concepts have been widely debated in philosophy, and different perspectives exist regarding their
    interrelationships. The nature of determinism, objectification, and free will continues to be explored by
    philosophers, psychologists, and other scholars in ongoing discussions and research.
    

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