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    Java_OOPS_Viva_Questions_with_Answers

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    Java

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    Java_OOPS_Viva_Questions_with_Answers

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    Java

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    Java

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    5 views6 pages

    Java_OOPS_Viva_Questions_with_Answers

    Uploaded by

    minhajh301
    Java

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Java OOPS Viva Questions with Answers

    1. What is Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)?

    Answer: OOP is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which contain data

    (attributes) and methods (functions). It emphasizes modularity and reuse.

    2. What are the main principles of OOP?

    Answer: The main principles are:

    - Encapsulation

    - Inheritance

    - Polymorphism

    - Abstraction

    3. Can you explain the concept of a class and an object in Java?

    Answer: A class is a blueprint for creating objects, and an object is an instance of a class.

    4. What is inheritance in Java? Can you provide an example?

    Answer: Inheritance allows a class to acquire properties and methods of another class. Example:

    class B extends A.

    5. What is polymorphism? How is it implemented in Java?

    Answer: Polymorphism means 'many forms'. It is implemented via method overloading

    (compile-time) and method overriding (runtime).

    6. What is the difference between method overloading and method overriding?

    Answer: Overloading occurs within the same class with different method signatures. Overriding

    happens in a subclass to modify a parent class method.

    7. What is encapsulation? How does Java achieve it?

    Answer: Encapsulation is the bundling of data and methods. Java achieves it by using private
    variables and public getter/setter methods.

    8. Can you explain the concept of abstraction with an example?

    Answer: Abstraction hides implementation details and shows only the essential features. Example:

    Abstract classes or interfaces.

    9. What is the difference between an abstract class and an interface?

    Answer: Abstract class: Can have abstract and concrete methods.

    Interface: Only abstract methods (Java 8+ allows default/static methods).

    10. What is the 'this' keyword in Java?

    Answer: 'this' refers to the current instance of the class.

    11. How is the 'super' keyword used in Java?

    Answer: 'super' is used to refer to the immediate parent class's methods or constructors.

    12. What is the significance of constructors in Java?

    Answer: Constructors initialize an object when it is created. They have the same name as the class.

    13. Can you differentiate between default constructor and parameterized constructor?

    Answer: Default: No parameters.

    Parameterized: Takes arguments to initialize object attributes.

    14. What is the importance of the 'final' keyword in Java?

    Answer: It prevents modification. Final variables: constants, final methods: cannot be overridden,

    final classes: cannot be subclassed.

    15. How is exception handling related to OOP in Java?

    Answer: It ensures proper flow of the program using try, catch, and finally blocks, encapsulating

    error handling.
    16. What are static methods and variables in Java?

    Answer: Static methods/variables belong to the class rather than any specific object.

    17. What is the difference between aggregation and composition?

    Answer: Aggregation: Weak relationship (e.g., car and driver).

    Composition: Strong relationship (e.g., car and engine).

    18. What is the role of access modifiers in OOP?

    Answer: Access modifiers (public, private, protected, default) control the visibility of members.

    19. Can you explain the concept of inner classes in Java?

    Answer: Inner classes are defined within another class. Types: static, non-static, local, and

    anonymous.

    20. What is the significance of the 'toString()' method?

    Answer: 'toString()' provides a string representation of an object.

    21. How does Java achieve runtime polymorphism?

    Answer: Via method overriding and dynamic method dispatch.

    22. What is the difference between deep copy and shallow copy?

    Answer: Shallow copy: Copies references only. Deep copy: Copies all object fields.

    23. Can you explain the use of packages in Java?

    Answer: Packages organize classes and interfaces, avoiding name conflicts.

    24. How does garbage collection work in Java?

    Answer: It automatically reclaims memory by removing unused objects.

    25. What is the difference between '== operator' and 'equals() method'?

    Answer: '==' compares memory locations, while 'equals()' compares content.


    26. What is an interface in Java?

    Answer: An interface defines a contract that implementing classes must fulfill.

    27. Can an abstract class have a constructor?

    Answer: Yes, abstract classes can have constructors to initialize fields.

    28. What is a singleton class?

    Answer: A class that allows only one instance to be created. Example: using a private constructor.

    29. What is the difference between 'abstract' and 'final' classes?

    Answer: Abstract: Cannot be instantiated.

    Final: Cannot be subclassed.

    30. What are Java annotations?

    Answer: Annotations provide metadata about the program, e.g., @Override, @Deprecated.

    31. What is the difference between checked and unchecked exceptions?

    Answer: Checked: Compile-time exceptions (e.g., IOException).

    Unchecked: Runtime exceptions (e.g., NullPointerException).

    32. Can you override a static method in Java?

    Answer: No, static methods belong to the class and are not overridden but hidden.

    33. What is a marker interface?

    Answer: An empty interface with no methods. Example: Serializable, Cloneable.

    34. What is the difference between StringBuffer and StringBuilder?

    Answer: StringBuffer: Thread-safe.

    StringBuilder: Faster but not thread-safe.

    35. What is the use of the instanceof operator?


    Answer: It checks whether an object is an instance of a specific class or subclass.

    36. What are default and static methods in interfaces?

    Answer: Default: Provide default implementation in interfaces.

    Static: Methods callable without an object.

    37. What is the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList?

    Answer: ArrayList: Faster for random access.

    LinkedList: Better for frequent insertions/deletions.

    38. What is method chaining?

    Answer: Calling multiple methods in a single statement. Example: obj.method1().method2();

    39. What are wrapper classes in Java?

    Answer: Classes that encapsulate primitive data types (e.g., Integer, Double).

    40. What is a functional interface?

    Answer: An interface with a single abstract method, used in lambda expressions.

    41. Can you explain method hiding in Java?

    Answer: When a static method in a subclass has the same name and signature as in the parent

    class.

    42. What is the difference between 'throw' and 'throws'?

    Answer: 'throw': Used to explicitly throw an exception.

    'throws': Declares exceptions a method may throw.

    43. What are Java streams?

    Answer: A new abstraction introduced in Java 8 to process collections of data.

    44. What is reflection in Java?


    Answer: An API to inspect and manipulate classes, methods, and fields at runtime.

    45. What is the difference between FileReader and BufferedReader?

    Answer: FileReader reads character by character.

    BufferedReader reads larger chunks for efficiency.

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