Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 1 views

    exp10

    Uploaded by

    Kratos grime
    CN EXPERIMENT 10 SEM 5

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    exp10

    Uploaded by

    Kratos grime
    1 views12 pages
    CN EXPERIMENT 10 SEM 5

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    CN EXPERIMENT 10 SEM 5

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1 views12 pages

    exp10

    Uploaded by

    Kratos grime
    CN EXPERIMENT 10 SEM 5

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 12

    Course: Computer Network Lab

    PART A

    (PART A: TO BE REFFERED BY STUDENTS)

    Experiment No.10

    A.1 Objective:

    a) Configure FTP Services on Servers


    b) Upload a File to the FTP Server
    c) Download a File from the FTP Server
    A.2 Prerequisite:
    • Knowledge about LAN, MAN and WAN and NW Elements.
    • Linux NW Commands
    • HW and IP Address concepts.
    • Concept of Port, Socket, Localhost, Client and Server,
    • Client and Server
    • Application Layer protocols and application servers
    • NW libraries.

    A.3 Outcome:
    After successful completion of this experiment students will be able to

    • Ability to configure FTP server


    • Ability to establish connection with server
    • Ability to upload a file on the FTP server
    • Ability to Download the File from FTP server

    A.4 Theory/Tutorial:

    File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard Internet protocol for transmitting files between
    computers on the Internet over TCP/IP connections.

    FTP is a client-server protocol that relies on two communications channels between client and
    server: a command channel for controlling the conversation and a data channel for transmitting
    file content. Clients initiate conversations with servers by requesting to download a file. Using
    FTP, a client can upload, download, delete, rename, move and copy files on a server. A user
    typically needs to log on to the FTP server, although some servers make some or all of their
    content available without login, also known as anonymous FTP.

    FTP sessions work in passive or active modes. In active mode, after a client initiates a session via
    a command channel request, the server initiates a data connection back to the client and begins
    transferring data. In passive mode, the server instead uses the command channel to send the client
    the information it needs to open a data channel. Because passive mode has the client initiating all
    connections, it works well across firewalls and Network Address Translation (NAT) gateways.
    References:

    1. https://static-course-
    assets.s3.amazonaws.com/IntroNet50ENU/files/10.2.3.2%20Packet%20T
    racer%20-%20FTP%20Instructions.pdf
    2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6R7EnoWrw0o
    3. https://youtu.be/m8_IP74PEm8

    PART B

    (PART B : TO BE COMPLETED BY STUDENTS)


    B.1 Docent created by the student
    B.2 Observations and learning:

    We were able to configure FTP server, establish connection with server, upload a file on
    the FTP server and download the File from FTP server.

    B.3 Conclusion:

    In conclusion, the experiment provided valuable insights into the setup and utilization
    of FTP services, enhancing practical skills related to file transfer protocols and server
    management.

    B.4 Question of Curiosity:


    1. Write the different protocols used in Application layer.
    Ans - Protocols Used in the Application Layer:

    1. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol):


    - Used for transmitting hypertext over the internet. The foundation for data
    communication on the World Wide Web.

    2. HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure):


    - The secure version of HTTP, encrypted with SSL/TLS protocols for secure
    data transfer.

    3. FTP (File Transfer Protocol):


    - Used for transferring files between a client and a server on a computer
    network.

    4. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol):


    - Responsible for sending emails.

    5. DNS (Domain Name System):


    - Resolves domain names to IP addresses, facilitating the translation between
    user-friendly domain names and numeric IP addresses.

    6. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol):


    - Used for collecting and organizing information about managed devices on
    IP networks and for modifying that information to change device behavior.

    7. NTP (Network Time Protocol):


    - Synchronizes the clocks of computer systems over a network.
    These protocols facilitate various application layer services, enabling
    communication and data exchange between software applications.

    2. What are the ports used for FTP?


    Ans - FTP (File Transfer Protocol) uses two separate channels for
    communication: the command channel and the data channel. The default ports
    associated with FTP are as follows:

    1. FTP Command Channel:


    - Port 21 (TCP) is the default port for the FTP command channel.
    - This is where commands and responses between the client and server are
    exchanged.

    2. FTP Data Channel:


    - Port 20 (TCP) is the default port for the FTP data channel in active mode.
    - In passive mode, a random port within a specified range is used for the data
    channel. This range is typically higher port numbers, such as 1024 to 65535.

    So, for a standard FTP connection:


    - Command Channel: Port 21 (TCP)
    - Data Channel (Active Mode): Port 20 (TCP) for data transfer from server to
    client
    - Data Channel (Passive Mode): Random port within a specified range for data
    transfer from client to server

    3. Examples of FTP applications?


    Ans – Examples of FTP Applications:
    1. FileZilla*
    - A popular open-source FTP client and server software available for
    Windows, Linux, and macOS.

    2. WinSCP:
    - A free and open-source SFTP, FTP, WebDAV, Amazon S3, and SCP client
    for Microsoft Windows.

    3. Cyberduck:
    - An open-source client for FTP and SFTP, among other protocols. It's
    available for both Windows and macOS.

    4. File Explorer (Windows):


    - Windows File Explorer supports FTP as a network location, allowing users
    to access FTP servers directly.

    5. Fetch (macOS):
    - A full-featured FTP, SFTP, and FTPS client for macOS.
    6. Vsftpd (Very Secure FTP Daemon):
    - An FTP server software for Unix-like systems, known for its focus on
    security.

    7. ProFTPD:
    - A versatile, modular FTP server software for Unix-like operating systems.

    8. CuteFTP:
    - A proprietary FTP client application that provides a graphical interface for
    file transfers.
    9. SmartFTP:
    - An FTP client for Windows that supports FTP, FTPS, SFTP, WebDAV,
    Amazon S3, Backblaze B2, Google Drive, OneDrive, and more.

    10. lftp:
    - A powerful command-line FTP client for Unix-like systems.

    11. Telnet:

    - Allows a user to log into another computer over a network, execute


    c commands in a remote machine, and manage network devices.

    12. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol):

    - Assigns IP addresses dynamically to devices on a network.

    4. Which transport layer protocol is used by FTP? Give reason


    Ans – FTP (File Transfer Protocol) primarily uses two transport layer protocols:

    1. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol):


    - Reason: FTP relies on the reliable and connection-oriented features of TCP.
    TCP ensures that data is delivered accurately and in the correct order. It
    establishes a connection between the FTP client and server before data transfer
    begins, and it manages acknowledgments and retransmissions to guarantee
    reliable delivery.

    2. UDP (User Datagram Protocol):


    - Reason: In some cases, FTP can use UDP for the data transfer channel,
    especially in active mode FTP. However, UDP is less commonly used in FTP
    due to its connectionless nature and lack of built-in reliability features. TCP is
    preferred for the control channel and data channel in passive mode because it
    provides a more robust and dependable communication method.

    In summary, while FTP can technically use both TCP and UDP, TCP is the
    more prevalent choice, especially for the control channel, where reliability is
    crucial for successful file transfer operations.

    5. What are DNS, TELNET, DHCP and HTTP protocols?


    Ans – DNS (Domain Name System):
    - Purpose: Resolves domain names to IP addresses.
    - Port: Typically uses both UDP (Port 53) and TCP (Port 53).

    TELNET:
    - Purpose: Allows a user to log into another computer over a network, execute
    commands in a remote machine, and manage network devices.
    - Port: Uses TCP Port 23.

    DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol):


    - Purpose: Assigns IP addresses dynamically to devices on a network.
    - Port: Uses UDP Port 67 (server) and Port 68 (client).

    HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol):


    - Purpose: Foundation for data communication on the World Wide Web, used
    for transmitting hypertext.
    - Port: Defaults to TCP Port 80, and HTTPS (secured version) uses TCP Port
    443.

    6. What is SMTP? Where this protocol is used?


    Ans - SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol):
    - Purpose: SMTP is a protocol used for sending emails between servers. It
    defines the rules and conventions for communication between mail servers to
    facilitate the transfer of electronic mail.
    - Usage: SMTP is primarily used for sending emails. When you send an email,
    your email client (such as Outlook or Gmail) uses SMTP to send the email to
    the email server. The recipient's email server also uses SMTP to communicate
    and accept the incoming email.

    In summary, SMTP is a fundamental protocol for the transmission of emails


    over the internet, ensuring that emails are sent, relayed, and received
    accurately between mail servers.

    You might also like