Solution

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES, TD

JEE main - Physics

1. (a) 4.4 × 10-3

Explanation:
Given that
σ = 0.6,
dL −3
= 2 × 10
L

∵
dV

V
= (1 + 2σ ) dL

∴
dV

V
= (1 + 2 × 0.6) × 2 × 10-3
= 4.4 × 10-3
2. (a) 3.2 mm
Explanation:
2m1 m2
T= m1 + m2
g
= m × g = 20 N ...(m1 = m2 = m)
If r is the minimum radius, then
Breaking force 20
Breaking stress = =
Area 2
πr

∴
20

π
× 105 = 20

πr2
−2
10
∴ r= 1
m=
2
1
m= m=
1
cm
√105 10 √10 √10 √10

≈ 0.32cm = 3.2 mm
3.
(d) Y
9
=
1

η
+
B
3

Explanation:
9 1 3
= +
Y η B

4.
(c) 8FL

3AY

Explanation:
Net elongation of the rod is:
3F(2L/3) 2F(L/3) 8FL
l = + =
AY AY 3AY

5.
(d) 1.25 mm
Explanation:
Yc × (ΔLc /Lc ) = Ys × (ΔLs /Ls )
−3
ΔLs
⇒ 1 × 10
11
× (
1×10

1
) = 2 × 10 11
× (
0.5
)

−3
0.5×10
∴ ΔLs =
2
= 0.25 mm
Therefore, total extension of the composite wire
= ΔL + ΔL = 1 mm + 0.25 m = 1.25 m
c s

6.
(d) (b)
Explanation:
Solids are least compressible whereas gases are most compressible. Gases are about a million times compressible than solids.
All other statements are correct.

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 7.
(c) 102 π J
Explanation:
We know that in a cyclic process, heat energy absorbed by the system is equal to work done by the system. We also know that
in P - V diagram, work done by the system in the cyclic process is equal to the area of the loop. Therefore,
Heat absorbed = work done = area of the loop
= π r2 = π (30 - 20)2 = 102 π J

8.
(c) only ii
Explanation:
Both the internal energy and entropy are unique functions of state only.

9.
(b) 2PV
Explanation:
In cyclic process, AU = 0
Hence, according to the first law of thermodynamics
Δ Q = ΔW = Area enclosed = -2PV
∴ Heat rejected = 2PV

10.
(c)

Explanation:
Process AB is an isothermal process, i.e., P ∝
1

V
and since ρ ∝ 1

V
,ρ − V graph will be a rectangular hyperbola. Pressure is
increasing. Therefore, volume will decrease and hence density will increase. Process BC is an isochoric process. Therefore, V
= constant and since ρ = density is also constant, i.e..., ρ - V graph is a dot. Process CD is inverse of process AB and
m

process DA is inverse of BC.

11.
(b) −γ dV

Explanation:
In adiabatic process PV = constant
γ

Differentiating both sides, we get

γ−1 γ
⇒ (P )(γ)V dV + V dP = 0
−γP dP γdV
⇒ dP = dV ⇒ = −
V P V

12.
(d) 128
Explanation:
In adiabatic process
PY = constant
γ

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 γ

∴ P(
m

ρ
) = constant (∵ V =
m

ρ
)

As mass is constant
∴ P∝ρ γ

If Pi and Pf be the initial and final pressure of the gas and ρ and ρ be the initial and final density of the gas. Then
i f

Pf ρ γ
f
7/5
= ( ) = (32)
Pi ρ
i

= (25)7/5 = 27
nPi
⇒
Pi

⇒ n = 27 =128

13. (a) ΔU1 = ΔU2

Explanation:
Internal Energy (U) is a state function. It's value depends only on the initial and final positions.
Change in internal energy do not depend upon the path followed by the process. It only depends on initial and final states i.e
Δ U1 = ΔU2

14.
(c) ( 2T

r
) cos θ

Explanation:
Radius of curvature at meniscus R = (r/cosθ)
Pressure difference across meniscus = 2T

∴ Pressure difference = ( 2T

r
) cos θ

15.
2
VR
(b) 2
nr

Explanation:
As we know that,
Inflow rate of volume of the liquid = Outflow rate of volume of the liquid
π R2V = nπ r2(v)
2

⇒ v= πR V

2
nπr
2

= VR

2
nr

16.
−1
(d) 123.4 × 10 −6
ms

Explanation:
We know that terminal velocity is given by
2
2gr
VT = (ρ − ρℓ )
gη

Here, we have no involvement of buoyant force. So remove ρ . ℓ

2 −12 3
2g r ρ
Then, v T =
9η
=
2×10× 10 × 10

−5
−6
= 123.4 × 10 m/s
9×1.8×10

17.
(c) attracted when x lies between B and C are repelled when x lies between A and B
Explanation:
Negative value of potential energy decreases from C to B and thereafter increases. It shows that KE increases from C to B and
thereafter it decreases. So, there is attraction from C to Band after which repulsion results.

18. (a) constant, non-viscous, incompressible, temperature-independent flow

Explanation:
Bernoulli’s equation is valid for constant, non-viscous, incompressible, temperature-independent flow.

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19.
(c) 1 : 3
Explanation:
By using Stok's law,
∵ F = 6πη rv
F1 r1 v
∴
F2
=
r2 v
...(∵ v1 = v2)
F1 r1 r 1
⇒ = = =
F2 r2 3r 3

20.
(d) 6πD T 2

Explanation:
2
6πD T

21. 5.0
Explanation:
From graph

F = ΔL

stress F/A
Youngs modulus, Y = =
strain ΔL/L

FL
Y=
AΔL
L L
Y= =
A 2
πr

(Here length of wire, L = 62.8 cm = 62.8 × 10-2m)

−2
62.8×10 4 2
Y= = 5 × 10 N/m
−3 2
π(2× 10 )

22. 70
Explanation:
ΔQ = ΔU + ΔW

110J = 40J + ΔW
or ΔW = 70J
23. 300
Explanation:
As no work is done, hence
R
ΔQ = ΔU = μCv ΔT = μ ΔT
γ−1

R
= 2 × × 100 = 300R
5
−1
3

24. 25.0
Explanation:
Fv + FB = mg (V = constant)
FV = mg − FB = ρB V g − ρL V g
−3
+3 0.3×10 −4
= (8 − 1.3) × 10 × × 10 = 25 × 10 N
3
8×10

Hence, the value of viscous force acting on ball will be 25 × 10-4 N.

Compair with x × 10-4, we get x = 25
25. 1
Explanation:

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 −−
−
Velocity of efflux v = √2gy
−−
−−
−
Range x = √2gy × √ 2h

The velocity of the block must be dx

dt
.
−−
dx 2h −− 1 dy
vb = = √ × √2g ×
dt g 2√y dt

√h dy
= ...(i)
√y dt

Using equation of continuity :

dy −−
−
A
dt
= a√2gy ....(ii)
From eqns. (i) and (ii)
−
−
h a −−
−
vb = √ × √2gy
y A

−−− a 1 −1
= √2gh × = 20 × = 1ms
A 20

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