SASD unit 3

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Structured Analysis and Structured Design (SA/SD)

The basic goal of SA/SD is to improve


quality and reduce the risk of system
failure.

Basically, the approach of SA/SD is


based on the Data Flow Diagram.
SA/SD involves 2 phases:

Analysis Phase: It uses Data Flow Diagram,


Data Dictionary, State Transition diagram and
ER diagram.

Design Phase: It uses Structure Chart and


Pseudo Code.
Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) or Bubble
Chart
DFD is used to show the flow of data through
software system.

It gives an overview
what data a system processes
what transformations are performed
what data are stored
what results are produced
Components of DFD
1. External Entity: It provide the data to your
software or consume data through it.

Label Here
Process: It takes the data and convert into
process
Data Flow: it show the flow of data incoming
and outgoing.

Data Stores: This is your Database or file


system where you store data.
Note:
• Data cannot flow from one data store to other
directly.
• Data cannot flow between two external
entities.
• Data Store cannot sink or source only.
• No Black hole Process.
DFD Levels
Level Zero(0) DFD
showing the system as a single process with its
relationship to external entities.
Level 1
In 1-level DFD, decomposed into multiple
processes.
In this level, we highlight the main functions of
the system
breakdown the high-level process of 0-level
DFD into sub processes.
Context Diagram
A context diagram helps in understanding the entire system by one It starts
with mentioning major processes with little details.

top-down approach.
Data Dictionary
It plays an important role in building a
database. Most DBMSs have a data dictionary
as a standard feature. For example, refer the
following table −
Decision Trees
Decision trees are a method for defining
complex relationships by describing decisions
and avoiding the problems in communication.
A decision tree is a diagram that shows
alternative actions and conditions within
horizontal tree framework.
Pseudo Code

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