Official Rules of Procedure (1)

T HE 2004 UNA-USA
M ODEL U NITED N ATIONS C ONFERENCE
D ELEGATE H ANDBOOK
The 2004 UNA-USA

Model U.N. Conference
New York, NY * May 21 & 22, 2004
THE 2004 UNA-USA
MODEL UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE
DELEGATE HANDBOOK
A publication of UNA-USA's Education Department
By
Melissa Yahre
UNA-USA Model U.N. Program Administrator
Contributing Editors
Glenda Tesalona
Scott Leslie
James Ryan Grizzle
UNA-USA
801 Second Avenue, 2nd floor
New York, NY 10017
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THE 2004 UNA-USA MODEL UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE
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LETTER FROM THE CONFERENCE SECRETARY-GENERAL
Dear UNA-USA MUN 2004 Conference Delegates:
I take great honor in welcoming you to the fifth annual Model United Nations conference of the United
Nations Association of the United States of America! The entire Secretariat staff and I are very pleased to
know that you will take part in one of the most memorable experiences of your life. For many in the world,
Model United Nations is not only a simulation of the U.N.’s intricate system of diplomacy and international
relations, but also a foundation of skills for all aspects of life. With its location, resources and outreach
program, UNA-USA MUN offers a great educational experience – one that is unique within the sphere of
Model United Nations activities worldwide. We are privileged to host this year’s conference at the Jacob
Javits Convention Center and United Nations Headquarters.
As a delegate at this conference, you will be faced with pressing global issues to consider - all of which are
debated at the United Nations. Of course, the maintenance of international security is often first and foremost
on the minds of many people. Since the U.N.’s inception after World War II, it has sought to achieve peace
through cooperation not merely among the five permanent members of the Security Council, but among all
nations, large and small, developing and developed. Yet over the course of its five decades, in which
shocking world events have occurred and new concerns have been raised, the organization has had to change
its role. Peacekeeping and institution-building remain central components of the U.N.’s work. But today,
more than ever before, Member States that are not global superpowers play integral roles in these endeavors.
Some nations have even begun to look toward reforming the Security Council so that it may better reflect a
changed global order for the twenty-first century.
As important as these issues are, peacekeeping and Security Council reform are just two of the many topic
areas presented at this year’s conference. From the rights of indigenous people to the development of rural
areas, from the role of conflict diamonds to the use of resources beyond our home planet, you will have a
variety of rich and dynamic topics to research in the coming months. This year, we will also introduce the
Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) and an intricately-modeled Futuristic Security Council. Regardless of
your country or committee, research and preparation will require effort and perseverance on your part. I
assure you, though, that it will be time well-spent as May approaches.
The collegiate staff of UNA-USA MUN represents many nations and a number of Model United Nations
programs. And all of us will spend the coming months eagerly preparing for the conference. If any questions
or concerns arise however, please do not hesitate to contact UNA-USA or any member of this year’s
conference staff. We are here to make your experience exceptional.
I look forward to seeing you in New York City at the 2004 UNA-USA Model United Nations Conference.
Sincerely,
Ben P. Zuniga
Secretary-General
UNA-USA MUN 2004
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TENTATIVE CONFERENCE SCHEDULE .....................................................................................7
CONFERENCE AGENDA ...........................................................................................................8
ROLES AT THE CONFERENCE ...................................................................................................9
RULES OF CONDUCT ...............................................................................................................10
DIRECTIONS TO THE CONFERENCE ..........................................................................................11
MODEL U.N. RESEARCH ........................................................................................................12
POSITION PAPERS ...................................................................................................................14
SAMPLE POSITION PAPER ........................................................................................................15
FLOW OF DEBATE ..................................................................................................................16
RULES OF PROCEDURE SHORT FORM .......................................................................................17
RULES OF PROCEDURE LONG FORM .......................................................................................18
PUBLIC SPEAKING ...................................................................................................................23
THE RESOLUTION PROCESS ....................................................................................................24
EXPECTATIONS FOR PERFORMANCE ........................................................................................29
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TENTATIVE CONFERENCE SCHEDULE
The preliminary schedule for the UNA-USA MUN Conference is outlined below. May 21, 2004 will take
place at the Jacob Javits Convention Center and May 22, 2004 will take place at United Nations
Headquarters. Please note: this is a tentative schedule and is subject to change.
FRIDAY, MAY 21, 2004 • JACOB JAVITS CONVENTION CENTER
7:00am - 9:00am Arrival and Registration

9:00am - 10:00am Opening Ceremonies
10:00am - 1:00pm Committee Sessions
1:00pm - 2:00pm Lunch
2:00pm - 5:00pm Committee Sessions
SATURDAY, MAY 22, 2004 • UNITED NATIONS HEADQUARTERS
9:30am - 12:30pm Committee Sessions

12:30pm - 1:30pm Lunch
1:30pm - 4:00pm Committee Sessions
4:15pm - 5:00pm Closing Ceremonies
7:00pm - 11:00pm Delegate Dance – Location: Grand Hyatt Hotel
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CONFERENCE AGENDA
Commission on Human Rights (CHR)
Torture
Rights of Indigenous People
Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND)

Building Partnerships to Address the World Drug Problem
Eradication of Illicit Crops
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Rural Development
Food Security
General Assembly (Middle School, grades 6-8) (G.A. M.S.)

Multinational Terrorist Groups
General Assembly (G.A.)

Role of Diamonds in Fueling Conflict
Return of Cultural Artifacts to Countries of Origin
General Assembly B (G.A. B)

Equitable Uses of Outer Space
Human Cloning
General Assembly 1st Committee (G.A. 1)

The Illicit Trade of Light Weapons
Security Council (S.C.)

Crisis
Security Council (futuristic) (S.C.)

Crisis
Security Council (Middle School, grades 6-8) (S.C. M.S.)

Security Council Reform
Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations (SCPKO)

Cooperation with Troop Contributing Countries
Troop Safety and Security
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ROLES AT THE CONFERENCE
The UNA-USA MUN staff strives to create an educational and fun experience for the delegates at the
conference. This staff of Model U.N. veterans from all over the world will be facilitating debate and
assuming the following committee roles:
Senior Secretariat
The Senior Secretariat is selected in the early fall and assumes the roles of Secretary-General, Deputy-
Secretary General, Chief of Staff and Under-Secretaries General. They assist UNA-USA with pre-
conference logistics. During the conference, the Senior Secretariat trains all of the committee staff, overseas
the committee functions and coordinates all conference services.
Committee Chair
The Committee Chair is deemed with the following duties:
• Moderates proceedings;
• Rules on points and motions;
• Enforces the Rules of Procedure; and
• Keeps time.
Vice-Chairperson
The Vice-Chair is deemed with the following duties:
• Moderates proceedings when the Chair cannot;
• Coordinates communications between the committee and Senior Secretariat;
• Keeps track of the delegates' participation; and
• Explains rules when necessary.
Director
The Director is deemed with the following duties:
• Oversees the resolution process, ensuring that each resolution is in proper format and in character of
the signatory countries;
• Listens to caucuses to make sure that diplomatic behavior and role-playing is observed and answers
delegates’ questions when necessary; and
• Moderates proceedings when deemed necessary by the Chair.
Rapporteur
The Rapporteur is deemed with the following duties:
• Keeps track of the speakers list;
• Tracks resolutions during voting; and
• Moderates proceedings when deemed necessary by the Chair.
Administrative Assistant/Chronicle Staff/Crisis Personnel

The Administrative Assistant, Chronicle Staff or Crisis Personnel member is deemed with the following
duties:
• Assists with registration;
• Writes articles for the UNA-USA MUN Chronicle
• Staffs the Conference Services room;
• Assists with visiting officials and guests; and
• Organizes crisis sessions.
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RULES OF CONDUCT
At the conference, UNA-USA will enforce the following rules of conduct:
ALCOHOL
Alcohol is prohibited at all times and in all places, including the hotel and the conference buildings. Any delegate caught in
possession of alcoholic beverages will be barred from the conference and sent home immediately. No warnings will be
given. If alcohol is found in a delegate's hotel room, all delegates in the room will be barred from the conference and sent
home immediately.
DRUGS
Illegal drugs are prohibited. The UNA-USA MUN staff reserves the right to investigate any related matters. Any delegate
caught in possession of illegal drugs will be barred from the conference and sent home immediately. No warnings will be
given. If illegal drugs are found in a delegate's hotel room, all delegates in the room will be barred from the conference and
sent home.
SEXUAL HARASSMENT
To ensure that all delegates enjoy the conference, sexual harassment is prohibited. The conference defines sexual harassment
as:
"(1) Unwanted sexual advances that may take the form of inappropriate sexual or suggestive comments,
sounds or jokes; unsolicited touching or fondling; unwanted intercourse or assault; (2) unwelcome
requests for sexual favors; and (3) such conduct that [has] the purpose or effect of unreasonably
interfering with an individual's academic or work performance, or of creating an intimidating, hostile or
offensive educational, social, living or working environment."
Sexual harassment will not be tolerated. Any incidents of sexual harassment should be immediately reported to an advisor
or a member of the Secretariat.
DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
Delegates are to obey instructions by any advisor or UNA-USA MUN staff member, both inside and outside of committee.
DRESS CODE
Each delegate should be attired in western business dress for all committee sessions; sneakers or jeans are not acceptable.
Males are to wear suits or sport coats and ties. Females are to wear dresses, suits or professional pants. Delegates will be
sent back to their rooms to change if they do not follow the dress code.
LAP TOP/CELL PHONE POLICY

Delegates are permitted to use laptops and PDAs during the UNA-USA MUN Conference. Cell phones must be turned off at
all times. UNA-USA is not responsible for lost or stolen property.
SMOKING
Smoking is prohibited at all conference times and in all conference buildings.
BADGES
Delegates must wear their delegate badges at all times during the conference; they are the only identification recognized by
UNA-USA MUN staff and building officials. Keep them visible at all times to avoid confusion. When traveling outside of
conference areas in New York City however, delegates should either take their badges off or keep them concealed to avoid
drawing unwanted attention.
TRASH
Delegates are responsible for their own trash. Each room will be provided with a trash receptacle. After each committee
session, each delegate is to clean his or her own area before leaving the room.
In the case of violation of any regulation, the staff reserves the right to dismiss a participant from the conference.
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DIRECTIONS TO THE CONFERENCE
On May 21, 2004 the conference will take place at the Jacob Javits Center.
Conference check-in will be in the lobby.
Directions to the Javits Center (Taken from http://www.javitscenter.com/directions/directions.htm)

By Car
There are many parking garages within the Javits Center's vicinity. Please refer to the Center's webpage for locations and phone
numbers of convenient parking garages. The Javits Center is located on 11th Avenue between 34th and 39th Streets.
From the North (Westchester, Connecticut, Massachusetts, etc.)

95 South (via the Cross-Bronx Expressway) to the George Washington Bridge. At the approach to bridge, bear right to the lower level. Exit at
the last exit in New York: Parkway South - 9A. Follow Parkway South (Henry Hudson Parkway/West Side Highway) to 42nd Street. Turn left.
Go one block to 11th Avenue and turn right.
Saw Mill River Parkway/Henry Hudson Parkway/Route 9A: Follow 9A South to 42nd Street. Turn Left. Go one block to 11th Avenue and
turn right.
New York State Thruway/Major Deegan Expressway/Route 87: Major Deegan Expressway to George Washington Bridge exit. Stay in the
right lane toward the lower level. Exit at the last exit in New York: Parkway South - 9A. Follow Parkway South (Henry Hudson Parkway/West
Side Highway) to 42nd Street. Turn left. Go one block to 11th Avenue and turn right.
From the South (New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania, etc.)

95 North to the New Jersey Turnpike. Exit at the Lincoln Tunnel. When exiting the tunnel, bear left. Follow signs for uptown or northbound to
42nd Street. Turn left onto 42nd Street until you reach 11th Avenue and turn left.
George Washington Bridge to Parkway South - 9A. At 42nd Street, turn left. Go one block to 11th Avenue and turn right.
From Queens and Long Island

Queens-Midtown Tunnel: Take Southbound or Downtown exit to 34th Street and turn right. Go west to 12th Avenue and turn right on 12th
Avenue to 39th Street where you turn right.
Queensboro/59th Street Bridge: Take 60/61st Street Exit. Go to 5th Avenue alongside Central Park to 59th Street. Turn right onto 59th Street to
7th Avenue and turn left. Go two blocks to 57th Street and turn right. Follow 57th Street to 11th Avenue and turn left.
Buses
M34: Runs east/west on 34th Street. Stops on 11th Avenue outside the Javits Center and at Penn Station.
M42: Runs east/west on 42nd street. Stops directly outside the Javits Center and at Grand Central Station.
Port Authority: New Jersey Transit and other buses arrive at the Port Authority terminal at 42nd Street between 8th and 9th Avenues. The M42
will bring you from there to the Javits Center.
Trains
The following trains stop at 34th Street/Penn Station:
The Long Island Railroad, Amtrak, New Jersey Transit, PATH (33rd Street and 6th Avenue)
The following subway lines stop at 34th Street: A,C,E, 1,2,3,9
The following trains stop at 42nd Street: Metro North Railroad trains stop at Grand Central Station at 42nd Street between Lexington and
Vanderbilt Avenues.
The following subway lines stop at 42nd Street: A,C, E, N, Q, R, S, W, 1, 2, 3, 7, and 9
For further information, call MTA Travel info: 718.330.1234.
On May 22, 2004 the Conference will resume at the United Nations.
Directions to the United Nations (taken from www.un.org)

The United Nations Headquarters in New York is located on First Avenue between 42nd Street and 48th Street.
The Visitors' Entrance is located on First Avenue at 46th Street. As the United Nations does not offer parking facilities, it is
suggested that public transportation be used.
Subway
The 4, 5, 6 or 7 subway trains run to Grand Central Station; walk East on 42nd Street to First Avenue.
Buses
M15, M27, M42 or M104.
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MODEL U.N. RESEARCH
It is important to remember that a delegate’s goal is to faithfully represent his or her country. Delegates need
to learn enough about their country so they may respond to the issues raised at the conference just as a real
delegate from that country would react. Delegates should also be knowledgeable about the specified topic
areas and the United Nations. When gathering information, some delegates create portfolios and divide the
information by country, topic, the U.N. and conference information. Before starting research, it is essential
that delegates read through the background guide provided by the UNA-USA MUN Conference. These
guides will jump-start the research process. Delegates should be able to answer the Questions to Consider
section, which can be found at the end of the guides.
When researching, delegates should know the following:
1. Delegates need to learn enough about their COUNTRY so they may respond to the issues raised at the
conference just as a real delegate from that country would respond at the United Nations. Being clear
on the nation’s voting records, with whom the country generally votes and what initiatives the
country has sponsored will help delegates to faithfully portray and role-play as delegates from
that country when they are at the conference. In addition, delegates must learn general information
about the country they are representing: its political structure, history, culture(s), geography, people,
infrastructure, economics, transnational issues, the country's allies and enemies in the world, and to
which formal organizations it belongs (such as OAS, OAU, E.U., ASEAN, OECD, OPEC, etc.).
Some sources that can be used to find out country information include (please also note that
delegates should visit www.unausamun.org for additional links):
a. News and media sources, particularly those that focus on the specific country and U.N.
activities throughout the world. Great sources include the New York Times and the Economist.
Delegates can find their country’s local paper on-line at www.newspapers.com.
b. The country's permanent mission to the U.N. – MUN delegates can find information on the
Internet at www.embassy.org or www.un.int/index-en/webs.html. Delegates can also call the
missions directly and ask them to send position statements on various issues, or ask specific
questions to find out how a particular country reacts to an issue.
c. Background information for countries is essential. Delegates can find information at
www.countryreports.org. Delegates can also look at U.S. State Department country reports or
call the U.S. State Department desk officer for their country and “pick the secretary's brain”
about the country's relationships with the U.S., as well as anything else related to that country
and the issues being discussed at the conference. Another great source of information is the
CIA World Factbook. Here, delegates can find general information such as statistics,
demographics, historical information, etc. But remember to be careful as some of this
information is from the United States’ point of view.
d. The United Nations web site has an abundance of information, including actual speeches and
country voting records.
2. Next, delegates should research the TOPIC at hand. Included with this mailing are background guides
that are intended to jumpstart a delegate's research. The materials come with bibliographies and
Questions to Consider attached. Delegates should further research the general information on the
topic, their country's position about the topic, actions needed to combat the problem, and stances of
other countries, blocs, etc. Great areas to look for information include:
a. Background Guide Sources and Questions - Delegates should look at their background
guide’s bibliography to read the sources used for reference in the guide. They should also be
able to answer all of the questions in the “Questions to Consider” section of the guides.
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b. News and Media sources - Delegates should consult their local libraries or a university library
to see if they can access Lexis-Nexis Universe or ProQuest. Lexis-Nexis is a system that
searches thousands of periodicals. Another service is Questia. This costs about $15.00 per
month, but allows access to thousands of documents via a personal computer. Of course,
delegates should also use the Internet to locate news and media sources. UNA-USA has
compiled links to some of the most popular periodicals, which can be found on-line at
www.unausamun.org.
c. The United Nations (www.un.org) - The U.N. Economic and Social Council section has a
great index to some of the most popular topics.
d. Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) - NGOs offer a lot of background information and,
in many cases, great Internet links to additional sources of research.
e. Policy centers of universities - Many topics, especially human rights, are continually
researched by professors at colleges. Check to see if these individuals have published papers
through their institution.
3. Delegates should not forget to also learn about the UNITED NATIONS. In many cases, this is the area
of research that is most overlooked. It is important for delegates to know how the organ/agency that
they are in operates, the text of the U.N. Charter, recent U.N. actions on the issue, conferences that
have been held, statements by U.N. officials, etc. The U.N. website, www.un.org, is the best resource
through which to find this information. The U.N. also publishes books about specific topics and
general U.N. information, which can be purchased via their web site. If a delegate is in New York
City, it is possible to set up a briefing with a U.N. secretariat member. This can be done by calling the
Department of Public Information at (212) 963-7710.
RESOURCES
The UNA-USA Model U.N. Website (www.unausamun.org) is an excellent resource and has links to
hundreds of additional research materials. Delegates can download additional forms and background guides
from here as well.
Model U.N. Interactive Forum

When preparing for Model U.N., many delegates have country-specific questions. UNA-USA has teamed up
with I*Earn to provide Model U.N. delegates the opportunity to pose questions to students in the country
that they are researching. Delegates have the opportunity to post questions by country and/or topic. After a
question is posted, another student usually responds within 48 hours. The Forum can also be accessed at
www.model-un.net.
Below is a sample of the layout of the Interactive Forum:
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POSITION PAPERS
In an effort to expand upon the high quality of debate at UNA-USA MUN, delegates (with the exception of
those in the Security Council) are required to submit position papers prior to the conference. Position papers
allow delegates to organize their ideas and aid in formatting and representing a country’s policy. The
position papers will also aid delegates in formulating their speeches. Each position paper should relate to a
topic on the agenda, answer the “Questions to Consider” that are provided in the background guides and
define the topic’s relationship to the country’s national interests.
Length
Position papers are a maximum of one page for each topic within the committee (e.g. in the Commission on
Human Rights, the delegation - whether composed of one or two students - will write one paper for Torture
and one for the Rights of Indigenous People).
What the position paper should include:

The paper should include a brief introduction and a comprehensive breakdown of the
country’s position on the topics being discussed in the committee. An excellent position paper
includes:
• a clear statement of policy on each topic;
• the country’s background on the topic, including:
o political and/or foreign policy;
o action taken by the government in relation to the topic;
o actions the government has supported or not supported;
o resolutions and declarations that the country supports; and
o quotes taken from speeches made by heads of government;
• answers to the “Questions to Consider” from the background guide; and
• action that the country would support in a resolution.
A sample of a well-written position paper can be found on the following page.
Deadlines
Position papers are due in our office no later than May 1, 2004.
Send To:
The United Nations Association of the United States of America
UNA-USA MUN Attn: Melissa Yahre
801 Second Ave.
New York, NY 10017
Fax: (212) 682-9185
If you would like feedback regarding your position papers, they must be submitted to UNA-
USA by April 15, 2004 and will be returned to the authors by May 1, 2004. Feedback cannot
be guaranteed for position papers received after April 15, 2004.
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SAMPLE POSITION PAPER
Delegate(s): Simon Boule and Jennifer Bozzuto
School: Robinson High School
Country: The Kingdom of Denmark
Committee: Commission on Human Rights
Topic: Freedom of Religion
The freedom to practice one’s professed faith is protected under early United Nations doctrines including the
Charter and the Declaration of Human Rights. However, violations of freedom of religion are still being
committed in every region of the world. Denmark believes that such violations exist despite protests from the
governments of states where religious intolerance is believed to exist. Repeatedly, nongovernmental
organizations (NGOs) have addressed this committee regarding the numerous instances of religious
intolerance they have experienced worldwide. The Special Rapporteur of the Commission of Human Rights
has recently published reports on his findings in this area and has called for action. The Committee must
heed his call before further outbreaks over religious intolerance, such as in Kosovo, threaten the international
community once more. Furthermore, Denmark asserts that forcing people to flee from their homeland in
order to escape religious persecution is an atrocious human rights violation that is reminiscent of a war that
once turned the states of the world against each other.
In Denmark, 97 percent of those affiliated with a church are Evangelical Lutheran. Although there is also a
small minority of Catholics and other Protestants, Denmark has not experienced difficulty in the toleration of
these minority religions. Denmark was one of the first to sign the Vienna Declaration and Programme of
Action, which declares that the state should not impose one cultural (or religious) standard for its people.
Under Danish law, no person may be denied civil or political rights or political liberty because of his or her
religious beliefs. In public schools, parents are given the option of excluding their children from Evangelical
Lutheran religious instruction.
Denmark does not recognize religious traditions or cultural aspects as an argument against following
universal human rights. Such an argument would violate the major principles that the United Nations was
founded upon. By signing the Declaration of Human Rights, states have agreed to respect the universal rights
that the U.N. has set forth for humankind.
Denmark is aware that suppression of religious freedom does, unfortunately, occur within the borders of the
European Union. Reports have been issued that expose religious intolerance in countries within this
coalition. Denmark is appalled, but is confident that E.U. countries will work together to remedy this serious
problem.
Denmark urges the formation of an educational plan of action that would help spread religious tolerance
worldwide. Denmark acknowledges the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of
Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief, but would like to see an additional treaty created. This treaty
could be drafted at a global summit that would convene for the sole purpose of addressing this pressing issue.
Denmark also proposes that 2005 be designated as the International Year of Religious Liberty in order to
further spread the message of tolerance.
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FLOW OF DEBATE
ROLL CALL
The Chairperson will announce each country’s name. After delegates hear their country called, they should answer “present.”
SETTING THE AGENDA

The first order of business for the committee shall be the consideration of the agenda. The only motion in order at this time will be in the form
of “The nation of [country name] moves that [topic area x] be placed first on the agenda.” The motion requires a second and is debatable. A
provisional speakers list shall be established with three people speaking for and three people speaking against the motion; after the provisional
speakers list is exhausted, the committee shall move into an immediate vote. A simple majority is required for the motion to pass. If the
motion fails, then the other topic is set as the first item on the agenda.
A motion to proceed to the second topic area is in order only after the committee has voted on resolutions regarding the first topic area or
tabled the topic.
DEBATE
CAUCUS
SPEAKERS LIST (FORMAL DEBATE)
The Chairperson will ask all of those delegates who
would like to make a speech and be on the speakers list
to raise their placards. The Chairperson will then choose
delegates to be placed on the speakers list. A country can Moderated Caucus
only appear on the speakers list once. After a country A moderated caucus is a mixture of both formal and informal
has spoken, they may be added to the speakers list again debate. When a motion for a moderated caucus is passed, the
by sending a note to the Chairperson saying: “the Chair calls upon delegates as they raise their placards to
delegation of [country name] would like to be added to address the committee for a specific amount of time.
the speakers list.”
Speaking time is set through a motion from a delegate.

If no motions are made, the default time is 90 seconds. Un-Moderated Caucus
When the committee is in formal debate all rules of An un-moderated caucus is a temporary recess. Rules of
procedure are enforced. procedure are suspended during caucusing. During this time,
delegates can meet informally with each other and the
committee staff to discuss draft resolutions and other issues.
Working Papers and Draft Resolutions

Delegations work together to create resolutions. In addition,
delegates may present amendments to these documents, which
are changes to the draft resolutions.
CLOSURE OF DEBATE
END OF LIST Once a delegate feels that he or she has made the country's
Once the speakers list has been exhausted, the committee position clear and that there are enough draft resolutions on the
will automatically move to immediate voting procedures. floor, he or she may make a motion to proceed into voting
procedure by moving for the closure of debate.
VOTING PROCEDURES
Once a motion to close debate has been approved, the committee moves into voting procedures. Amendments are voted upon first, then
resolutions. Once all of the resolutions are voted upon, the committee can move to the next topic on the agenda.
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UNA-USA MODEL UNITED NATIONS
RULES OF PROCEDURE SHORT FORM
*Note: All procedural matters in committee are subject to the discretion of the Chairperson. The Chair may
undertake any action that is not covered in the Rules of Procedure in order to facilitate the flow of debate at
the conference.
Second
Motion Debatable Interrupt Speaker Special Notes
Required
Establishment of Yes 3 For No Used to set the order in which
Agenda 3 Against topics will be addressed.
Point of Personal No No Yes Raised when a delegate
Privilege experiences personal discomfort
(e.g. can’t hear, too hot/cold)
Point of Order No No Yes Raised by a delegate to address a
procedural matter. Doesn’t allow
delegate to speak on topic of
debate.
Point of Inquiry No No No Raised when a delegate has
questions regarding the
proceedings, directed to Chair.
Point of Information No No No Directed to other delegates for the
purpose of asking questions in
relation to speeches and draft
resolutions.
Yields No No No Can be done after a delegate
speaks. Can only yield to
questions, another delegate or to
the Chair.
Right of Reply No No No Must be submitted in writing to
the Chair. Requested when a
delegate feels that someone has
made a derogatory comment or
insult.
Withdrawal of Draft No No No Withdrawal must be agreed upon
Resolution by all sponsors.
Appeal to the Chair’s No No No Made when a delegate feels that
Decision the Chairperson has made an
incorrect decision. This motion is
made to the Chair in writing.
The following motions take precedence over any others, in the order presented:
Suspend Debate Yes No No A specific length of time must be
(Caucus) specified.
Table Debate Yes 2 For No Table topic and move to next
2 Against agenda item.
Closure of Debate Yes 2 Against No End debate and move into voting
procedures.
Adjourn Meeting Yes No No End the meeting for the day.
Adjournment of the final meeting
shall adjourn the session.
******* Provisional Speakers List 2 For No
2 Against
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RULES OF PROCEDURE LONG FORM
I. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS
Rule 1. Official and working languages
English shall be the official and working language of all committees during formal and informal debate.
Rule 2. Decorum
Delegates are to obey instructions given by UNA-USA MUN staff. Those who do not obey directions will be
dismissed from the conference.
II. SECRETARIAT
Rule 3. Statements by the Secretariat
The Secretary-General or his/her representative may make oral as well as written statements to any committee
concerning any issue.
Rule 4. General Functions of the Secretariat

The Chairperson shall declare the opening and closing of each meeting and may propose the adoption of any
procedural motions to which there is no significant objection. The Chair, subject to these rules, shall have complete
control of the proceedings at any meeting and shall moderate discussion, announce decisions, rule on points or
motions, and ensure and enforce the observance of these rules. The Chair may temporarily transfer his or her duties to
another member of the committee staff. All procedural matters in committee are subject to the discretion of the Chair.
The Chair may undertake any action that is not covered in the Rules of Procedure in order to facilitate the flow of
debate at the conference.
III. AGENDA
Rule 5. Agenda
The Secretary-General or his/her representative shall communicate the agenda to the delegates before the conference.
Rule 6. Revision of the Agenda

Additional items of an important and urgent nature may be placed on the agenda during a regular session by the
Secretary-General, who may do so at his/her discretion.
Rule 7. Adoption of the Agenda

The first order of business for the committee shall be the adoption of the agenda. The only motion in order at this time
will be in the form of “The nation of [country name] moves that [topic area x] be placed first on the agenda.”
• The motion requires a second and is debatable.
• A provisional speakers list shall be established with three people speaking for and three people
speaking against the motion (speaking time for these remarks shall be one minute).
• After the provisional speakers list is exhausted, the committee shall move into an immediate vote - a
simple majority is required for the motion to pass.
• A motion to proceed to the second topic area is in order only after the committee has adopted or
rejected a resolution on the first topic area or debate has been tabled.
• In the event of a “crisis” or emergency, the Secretary-General or Deputy-Secretary General may call
upon a committee to table debate on the current topic area so that the more urgent matter may be
addressed. After a resolution has been addressed and voted upon, the committee will return to debate
the tabled topic. If a resolution on the crisis topic fails, the committee may return to debate the tabled
topic area only at the discretion of the Secretary-General or Deputy-Secretary General.
18
IV. CONDUCT OF BUSINESS
Rule 8. Speakers List
The Chair shall open the speakers list for each topic to be discussed at the request of a delegate. Any delegate wishing
to be added to the speakers list shall indicate so when asked by the Chair or shall submit such a request in writing to
the dais.
Rule 9. Limitation of Speaking Time

The Chair may limit the time allotted to each speaker. However, delegates can move to increase or decrease the
speaking time, which will be voted upon by the committee or council. When a delegate exceeds his or her allotted
time, the Chair may call the speaker to order without delay.
Rule 10. Speeches

No delegate may address the body without the previously obtained permission of the Chair. The Chair may call a
speaker to order if his/her remarks are not relevant to the subject under discussion. The Chair shall enforce the time
limit as described by Rule 9.
Rule 11. Yielding Time

The delegate, who has been recognized by the Chair to address the body on a substantive issue, may yield any time
following their remarks after their speech. Yields may be made in three ways: to another delegate, to points of
information (questions), or to the Chair.
• Yield to another delegate. His/her remaining time shall be given to another delegate.
• Yield to points of information. Delegates shall be selected by the Chair to ask one question per speech.
The Chair has the right to call order to any delegate whose question is, in the opinion of the Chair, not
designed to elicit information. Answers to questions are limited to the time remaining in a delegate's
speech.
• Yield to the Chair. Such a yield should be made if the delegate does not wish his/her speech to be
subject to comments. The Chair shall then move on to the next speaker.
Once a delegate yields his/her time, the second delegate (the one who has been yielded to) may not yield any
remaining time.
Rule 12. Right of Reply

The Chair may recognize the Right of Reply only in instances of a grave personal insult. Rights of Reply must be
submitted in writing to the Chair, and may only be granted after a speech is completed. The Chair shall inform the
Secretary-General of the circumstances surrounding the Right of Reply. No ruling on this matter is subject to appeal.
Rule 13. Appeal to the Chair’s Decision

An appeal is made when a delegate feels that the Chair has made an incorrect ruling. The delegate formally challenges
the Chair in writing by sending a note to the dais, moving to appeal the Chair’s decision. The appeal will be taken to
the Deputy-Secretary General who will decide if the appeal will be considered. Once the motion is acknowledged, the
Deputy-Secretary General will hear from both the delegate and the Chair before making a decision.
V. POINTS
Rule 14. Point of Personal Privilege
During the discussion of any matter, a delegate may raise a Point of Personal Privilege and the Chair shall immediately
address the point. A Point of Personal Privilege must refer to a matter of personal comfort, safety and/or well-being of
the members of the committee. The Chair may refuse to recognize a Point of Personal Privilege if the delegate has not
shown proper restraint and decorum, or if the point is dilatory in nature.
19
Rule 15. Point of Order
During the discussion of any matter, a delegate may raise a Point of Order and the Chair shall immediately consider
the request. A Point of Order must relate to the observance of the rules of the committee or to the way the Chair is
exercising his or her power. A delegate raising a Point of Order may not speak on the substance of the matter under
discussion. The Chair may refuse to recognize a Point of Order if the delegate has not shown proper restraint and
decorum governing the use of such a right, or if the point is dilatory in nature.
Rule 16. Point of Information (question to other delegates)

After a delegate gives a speech, and if the delegate yields their time to Points of Information, one Point of Information
(a question) can be raised by delegates from the floor. The speaker will be allotted the remainder of his or her speaking
time to address Points of Information. Points of Information are directed to the speaker and allow other delegations to
ask questions in relation to speeches and resolutions.
Rule 17. Point of Inquiry

If there is no discussion on the floor, a delegate may raise a Point of Inquiry to request clarification of the present
procedural status of a meeting. A Point of Inquiry may never interrupt a speaker.
VI. MOTIONS
Rule 18. Suspend Debate (Motion to Caucus)
Upon the recommendation of the Chair or any delegate, the committee may consider a motion to Suspend Debate for
the purpose of a moderated or un-moderated caucus. This motion requires a majority vote.
• Moderated Caucus: The recommendation for a moderated caucus must include a time limit for
delegate remarks and a time limit for the entire caucus (e.g. “The nation of [country name] moves for a
five minute moderated caucus with a 30 second speaking time.”). During moderated caucus, the chair
shall recognize delegates for remarks without the use of a speakers list and yields shall be out of order.
• Un-moderated Caucus: The recommendation for an un-moderated caucus requires a time limit to be
made (e.g. “The nation of [country name] moves for a ten minute un-moderated caucus.”). Un-
moderated caucuses allow delegates to have informal discussions.
Rule 19. Motion to Table Debate

During the discussion of any matter, the committee may consider a motion to table debate on the item under discussion
at the recommendation of the Chair or any delegate. If the motion is seconded, two representatives may speak in favor
of and two against the motion. Then, the motion shall immediately be put to a vote. A two-thirds majority is required
for passage. If a motion to table debate is passed, the topic is considered tabled and no further actions or votes will be
taken on it. A topic may be reintroduced to the committee so that debate can resume through the same process. The
motion to resume debate on a tabled topic shall also require a two-thirds majority for passage.
Rule 20. Closure of Debate

A delegate may at any time move for the closure of debate on the item under discussion, after which debate will end
and all draft resolutions and amendments will be put to an immediate vote. Permission to speak on the closure of
debate shall be accorded only to two speakers opposing the closure, after which the motion shall be immediately put to
a vote. This motion requires a two-thirds majority decision. Upon passage of this motion the Chair shall declare the
closure of debate and immediately move into voting procedure on the substantive proposals introduced and pending
before the committee. The committee shall also close debate and move into voting procedure when the speakers list
has been exhausted.
Rule 21. Adjournment of the Meeting

During the discussion of any matter, a delegate may move for the adjournment of the meeting. Such a motion shall not
be debated but shall be immediately put to a vote. After adjournment, the committee shall reconvene at its next
regularly scheduled meeting time; adjournment of the final meeting shall adjourn the session.
20
Rule 22. Order of Procedural Motions
The motions below shall have precedence in the following order over all other proposals or motions before the
committee:
a) Point of Personal Privilege
b) Point of Order
c) Point of Inquiry
d) Point of Information
e) Introduction of a Draft Resolution
f) Motion to Suspend Debate
g) Motion to Table Debate
h) Motion for Closure of Debate
i) Motion to Adjourn the Meeting
VII. RESOLUTIONS
Rule 23. Submission of Working Papers, Draft Resolutions and Amendments
Working papers, draft resolutions and amendments shall be submitted to the Director, typed and with the proper
number of signatures (see the Resolution Submission Process on page 27). The Chair may permit discussion and
consideration of proposals and amendments once approved, even if the documents have not been circulated through
the committee.
Rule 24. Introducing Draft Resolutions

Once a draft resolution has been approved by the Director and has been copied and distributed, a delegate may raise a
motion to introduce the draft resolution, which is automatically approved and does not require a vote. The content of
the introduction shall be limited to summarizing the operative clauses of the draft resolution. Such an introduction shall
be considered procedural in nature, hence yields and comments are out of order. Additional questions and comments
regarding the resolution are encouraged to be raised through the speakers list and yields.
Rule 25. Amendments

Both friendly and unfriendly amendments require the approval of the Chair. An amendment is considered friendly if all
of the sponsors of the initial draft resolution are signatories of the amendment. Such an amendment is adopted
automatically. Unfriendly amendments are a decision of the Committee. An unfriendly amendment must have the
approval of the Director and the signatures of 20% of the committee. Amendments to amendments are out of order.
VIII. VOTING
Rule 26. Methods of Decision
All procedural decisions, except for the closure and adjournment of debate, shall be made by a simple majority of the
delegations present. Delegations physically present in the committee may not abstain on procedural motions. Decisions
on draft resolutions and amendments shall require a simple majority in favor. However, the passage of all resolutions
and amendments in the Security Council requires nine affirmative votes and an affirmative vote or an abstention on the
part of all permanent members (People’s Republic of China, France, Russian Federation, United States of America and
United Kingdom).
Rule 27. Voting Rights

Each present delegation shall have one vote. Observing nations and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) cannot
vote on substantive matters. Each vote may be a Yes, No or Abstain. On procedural motions, members may not
abstain. Members “present and voting” shall be defined as members casting an affirmative or negative vote (no
abstentions) on all substantive votes.
Rule 28. Conduct while in Voting Procedure

After the Chair has announced the beginning of voting, no representative may enter or leave the room, nor shall any
representative interrupt the voting except on a Point of Personal Privilege, Point of Inquiry or a Point of Order in
connection with the actual conduct of the voting. Communication between delegates is strictly forbidden. A member of
the staff will secure the doors during voting procedure.
21
Rule 29. Method of Voting
Delegations may vote in favor of or against a proposal or may abstain from voting. The committee shall normally vote
by show of placards, but any delegate may request a roll call vote on substantive matters. The roll call vote shall be
taken in alphabetical order of the English names of the countries present.
During a roll call vote, delegations may answer with an affirmative vote, a negative vote, an abstention (when
appropriate) or may pass. Delegations passing in the first round of voting will be called upon alphabetically in a second
round, at which time they may only answer with an affirmative or negative vote. Delegations that appear to be voting
out of policy, while casting an affirmative or negative vote, may reserve the right to explain their vote by Voting with
Rights. Delegations must announce that they are Voting with Rights at the time they cast their vote. The Chair may
permit delegations Voting with Rights to explain their votes after voting has concluded but before the decision has
been announced.
Rule 30. Order of Draft Resolutions

If two or more draft resolutions relate to the same question, the committee shall vote on the resolutions in the order in
which they have been submitted.
Rule 31. Voting on Unfriendly Amendments

During the voting procedure on a substantive proposal, unfriendly amendments to a resolution shall be voted on first.
When two or more amendments are proposed to a resolution concurrently, the committee shall first vote on the
amendment that creates the greatest change to the draft resolution, as deemed by the Chair, and then the amendment
that creates the second greatest change to the resolution. This process continues until all amendments are voted upon.
Where, however, the adoption of the amendment necessarily implies the rejection of another amendment (as decided
by the Chair), the latter amendment shall not be put to a vote. If one or more amendments are adopted, the amended
proposal shall then be voted upon. Amendment voting is a substantive procedure and adoption requires the simple
majority consent of the delegations present.
Rule 32. Passage of Resolutions

If a vote does not result in a simple majority* in favor, the resolution shall be regarded as rejected. A simple majority
requires fifty percent of the members present during the last role call, plus one. Example: 99 members present requires
49.5 (50%) + 1= 50.5=51 affirmative votes.
*Exceptions: The United Nations Security Council requires nine affirmative votes for the passage of resolutions and
amendments. In addition to the nine affirmative votes, an affirmative vote or an abstention on the part of all permanent
members (People’s Republic of China, France, Russian Federation, United States of America and United Kingdom) is
required for the passage of all resolutions and amendments.
IX. SUSPENSION OF THE RULES

Rule 33. Suspension of the Rules
These rules may only be suspended following a majority vote. Any motion to suspend the rules is subject to the
Chair’s discretion.
22
PUBLIC SPEAKING
Writing and delivering speeches is an important aspect of the MUN simulation. Speeches help delegates
convey the positions of their Member States, build consensus and start formulating resolutions. Usually, the
committee sets the speaking time (a delegate makes a motion to set the duration and if the motion has been
seconded, the body then votes upon the suggestion).
Although speechmaking is integral to the MUN simulation, many delegates' biggest fear is public speaking.
It is essential that delegates come to the conference well prepared: that they have completed prior research,
know their country's
position and even have A good opening speech should:
objectives for a - Open with: "Thank you Mr./ Madame/ Honorable-Chair/President etc."
resolution. Delegates - And include:
should always consider • A brief introduction of your county's history on the topic;
• The current situation of the topic;
the audience when
• The country's overall position on the topic/reason for position (i.e. religious
making a speech. They ideologies);
should be aware of the • The country's position in relation to its bloc, major powers, etc.;
listeners and their • Past actions taken by the U.N. and Member States to combat the problem;
diversity. • Possible ideas or objectives for a resolution;
• The Role of NGOs in combating the issue (if applicable); and
As there are no set • Whether there is room for negotiation.
guidelines for how
delegates should execute their speeches, delegates should decide how they feel most comfortable addressing
the committee. Some delegates utilize their position papers as their opening speeches, others just write out
some key points and many speak without any aides. Since public speaking is a skill, it is important to
practice, practice, practice.
Mr. Anthony Hogan, from Model U.N. International, suggests the system of six "C's" to improve your ability: Confidence, Clarity,
Constructiveness, "Con Passion," Critique and Conciseness.
• Confidence: Confidence is portrayed by being as • "Con Passion": It is always important to speak

knowledgeable as possible on your subject and from the heart--with passion--hence the Spanish
conveying this knowledge through the power of term "con passion." Always maintain eye contact
your voice and eyes. with the audience. In doing so, the audience will
• Clarity: A speaker can do many things beforehand feel connected to you and your speech. This is what
to assist them in speaking clearly. It may be you want. You want to grab and hold the audience's
worthwhile to write an outline of the topics that are attention.
going to be said, and follow it when speaking. • Critique: It is better to critique than to criticize.
Delegates should always speak slowly, know their Critiquing is constructive and allows for people to
terminology and try to enunciate words properly. grow and improve. Criticizing brings people's
• Constructiveness: An effective public speech motivation and confidence down. A critique should
needs to be constructed properly. Start with a solid be accepted positively, since it is a tool that is used
foundation that brings together all of your ideas, to strengthen one's public speaking.
present your points and then connect them by • Conciseness: A good public speaker presents
reviewing what was said. There should be an his/her points in a clean and clear-cut fashion.
introduction, a body and a conclusion. Here, three Unnecessary words and information should not be
is the magic number. Say it once, say it and review used to fill in the speech. The speech should be
it, then say it again. This method will help the brief and to the point -- say what you have to say
audience to remember what was said. and open the floor to questions.
More tips for public speaking can be found on-line at www.selfgrowth.com/articles/Rando13.html.
23
THE RESOLUTION PROCESS
Actions of the United Nations are expressed in resolutions that are submitted in draft form under the
sponsorship of one or more delegations. Resolutions may simply register an opinion or may recommend
action to be taken by a U.N. organ or related agency. Only the Security Council may make “decisions” that
bind Member States to a certain course of action.
While it may be helpful for the delegates to come to the UNA-USA MUN Conference with a prepared draft
resolution, it should not be introduced into the formal session until it has been circulated among other
delegates to incorporate different perspectives and build support. The UNA-USA MUN Secretariat will not
accept draft resolutions during the first few hours of debate. Most draft resolutions are sponsored by several
nations.
When drafting and sponsoring a resolution, delegates should keep in mind that the wording will influence its
appeal (or lack thereof). The draft resolution should be clear, concise and specific. The substance should be
well-researched and reflect the character and interests of the sponsoring nations.
United Nations resolutions follow a common format. Each resolution has three parts: the heading, the
preamble and the operative clauses. It is one long sentence with commas and semicolons throughout and a
period at the very end. Drafts should be single-spaced with each line following a reference number in the left
hand margin. The first word in each clause should be underlined, and each clause in the preamble should end
with a comma. All operative clauses end with a semicolon except the final clause, which ends with a period.
Drafts of resolutions have been included for your review.
Sponsors and Signatories

Sponsors of a resolution are those countries that have been the principal authors of the
document and agree with its substance.
Signatories are countries that may or may not agree with the substance of the resolution,
but would like to see it debated on the floor.
24
The Draft Resolution
HEADING
Committee: the committee or organ in which the resolution is introduced

Topic: the topic of the resolution
Sponsors: list of sponsoring countries
Signatories: list of countries that have signed the draft
PREAMBLE
The purpose of the preamble is to show that there is a problem that needs to be solved. However, the preamble of a resolution does
not propose action or make any substantive statement in the topic at hand. The preamble begins with the name of one of the three
major organs (e.g. "The Economic and Social Council,"). The preambulatory clauses can include:
• References to the U.N. Charter;
• Citations of past U.N. resolutions or treaties that have been ratified under the topic of discussion;
• Statements made by the Secretary-General or a relevant U.N. body or agency;
• Recognition of the work or efforts of regional organizations in dealing with the issue; and
• General statements on the topic, its significance and its effects.
Preambulatory Clauses:
Acknowledging ... Deeply disturbed… Guided by... ...with deep concern…

Affirming ... Desiring … Having… ...with grave concern…
Alarmed ... Determined … ...adopted... ...with regret...
Anxious ... Emphasizing ... ...approved... ...with satisfaction...
Approving ... Encouraged ... ...considered... Observing...
Aware … Endorsing ... ...examined further… Reaffirming...
Bearing in mind ... Expressing ... ...received... Realizing...
Being convinced ... ...appreciation... ...reviewed... Recalling...
Believing ... ...deep appreciation... Keeping in mind... Recognizing...
Cognizant ... Expecting ... Mindful… Referring...
Concerned ... Fulfilling ... Noting... Regretting...
Confident ... Fully … ...further... Reiterating...
Conscious ... ...aware ... ...with approval... Seeking...
Considering ... ...believing... ...with concern... Stressing...
Contemplating ... ...bearing in mind... Welcoming...
Convinced ... Grieved…
Declaring ...
OPERATIVE
Operative clauses are set out to achieve the committee's main policy goals on the topic. Each operative clause begins with a
number and ends with a semicolon (the final clause ends with a period). Operative clauses should be organized in a logical
progression, and each clause should contain a single idea or policy proposal. Keep in mind that all resolutions except those passed
by the Security Council are non-binding.
Operative Clauses:
Accepts... Confirms... Endorses... Recommends...

Adopts... Congratulates... Expressing... Regrets...
Affirms… Considers... Instructs... Reiterates…
Appeals... Decides... Invites... Repeats...
Appreciates... ...accordingly... Notes... Suggests...
Approves... Declares... ...with appreciation Strongly...
Authorizes... Deplores... ...with approval... Supports...
Calls upon... Designates... ...with satisfaction... Takes note of...
Commends... Directs... Reaffirms... Transmits...
Concurs... Emphasizes... ...its belief... Urges...
Condemns... Encourages... Recognizes... Welcomes...
25
Sample Resolution
Committee: G.A. Third Committee – Social, Cultural and Humanitarian

Topic: Strengthening U.N. Coordination of Humanitarian Assistance
Sponsors: United States, Austria and Italy
Signatories: Greece, Japan, Canada, Mali, the Netherlands, Costa Rica, Belgium, United Kingdom,
India and Gabon
The General Assembly,
Reminding all nations of the celebration of the 50th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, which recognizes the inherent dignity, equality and inalienable rights of all global citizens,
USE COMMAS TO SEPARATE PREAMBULATORY CLAUSES & UNDERLINE THE FIRST

WORD OR PHRASE
Reaffirming resolution 33/1996 of 25 July 1996, which encourages governments to work with established
U.N. bodies aimed at improving the coordination and effectiveness of humanitarian assistance,
Noting with satisfaction the past efforts of various relevant U.N. bodies and nongovernmental organizations,
1. Encourages all relevant agencies of the United Nations to collaborate more closely with countries at the
grassroots level to enhance relief efforts;
USE SEMICOLONS TO SEPARATE OPERATIVE CLAUSES AND NUMBER & UNDERLINE

THE FIRST WORD OR PHRASE
2. Urges Member States to comply with the goals of the U.N. Department of Humanitarian Affairs to
streamline efforts of humanitarian aid;
3. Requests that all nations develop rapid deployment forces to better enhance the coordination of relief
efforts and humanitarian assistance in complex emergencies;
4. Calls for the development of a United Nations Trust Fund that encourages voluntary donation from the
private transnational sector to aid in the funding of rapid deployment forces.
END RESOLUTION WITH A PERIOD
26
Resolution Submission Process
STEP 1
One or more delegates write a working paper. The authors of a working paper, also known as the
sponsor(s), then obtain a required number of signatures, which equals 10% of the delegations present in the
committee. After roll call for each meeting, the Chair will notify the delegates of the exact number of
signatures needed.
STEP 2
The sponsor(s) take the working paper to the Director, who approves the working paper only if:
a. It is in the proper format, does not contain a substantial number of mistakes, and is legible if
handwritten;
b. It carries the required number of signatures;
c. It is in character for the sponsor(s); and
d. Its subject matter and proposed actions are within the power of the respective committee or organ.
If any of those conditions are not met, the Director returns the working paper to the sponsor(s) explaining his
or her reasons. Once the working paper has been approved by the Director, it is sent to Conference Services
for copying. After the working paper has been copied, it will be given to the sponsors, so they may distribute
it in the committee. There is no formal time for introducing working papers. Rather, they are introduced via
the speakers list and yields. Only approved working papers can be referred to by the delegates on the floor.
STEP 3
Copies are returned to the sponsor(s) and the committee. Debate on the ideas contained in the working paper
continues. At this stage, as the sponsor(s) are building support for their proposals, two or more working
papers are frequently combined and specific clauses are changed, added or deleted.
Once the changes have been incorporated and the working paper is (re)typed, the sponsor(s) obtain the new
required number of signatures, which equals 20% of the delegations present in the specific committee. After
roll call for each session, the Chair will notify the delegates of the exact number of signatures needed.
STEP 4
Sponsor(s) take the working paper to the Director. If the conditions outlined under step two are met, and
there are no other working papers circulating which are similar in substance, the Director approves it.
He/she then assigns it a number and a priority, and sends it to Conference Services for final copying. At this
point, the working paper can now be referred to as a draft resolution.
Note that the Director may, in the interest of time and/or if the committee is nearing the closure of debate on
a certain agenda item, proceed directly to Step 4. However, all of the relevant conditions outlined in Steps 1-
3 have to be met by the sponsor(s).
27
STEP 5
Copies are distributed to all delegates. Sponsor(s) are given the floor to introduce the document as a draft
resolution. They may also get on the speakers list and/or have time yielded to them in order to answer
questions about the draft resolution.
Final refinement of the draft resolution in regular debate occurs through friendly amendments, which are
submitted by the sponsor(s) and automatically incorporated into the text. Should there be significant changes
at this time, the Director may decide to proceed again from Step 4.
AMENDMENTS AND VOTING
Amendments. The amendment process is used to strengthen consensus on a resolution by allowing delegates
to change certain sections of the resolution. At UNA-USA MUN, there are two types of amendments:
friendly and unfriendly.
• Friendly amendment. A friendly amendment is a change to the resolution that all sponsors feel
is appropriate. The amendment must be signed by all of the sponsors and approved by the
Director. After this, the amendment is automatically incorporated into the resolution.
• Unfriendly amendment. An unfriendly amendment is one that the sponsors of the resolution
do not support. In this case, the author/s of the proposed amendment must obtain the same
number of signatures as they would need for a working paper. After the appropriate number
of signatures has been obtained, the Director must approve the amendment. Unfriendly
amendments are voted on in order of severity (established at the discretion of the Chair).
Once the debate is closed and the body moves into formal voting procedure, the draft resolution(s) and
unfriendly amendments, if any, are voted upon in the order determined by the Chair.
Sample of an amendment
Committee: G.A. Third Committee – Social, Cultural and Humanitarian
Subject: Strengthening U.N. Coordination of Humanitarian Assistance
Sponsors: France, Romania and Poland
Signatories: Togo, Australia, Fiji, Brazil, St. Lucia, Viet Nam, New Zealand, Pakistan, Kuwait and Argentina
Add as the final operative clause…
Requests the expansion of preventive actions and assurance of post-conflict assistance though reconstruction and development.
*Note: Amendment sheets will be provided for delegates to follow when drafting them during sessions.
Voting
After closure of debate, draft resolutions are voted upon in the order that they were received. At UNA-USA
MUN, more than one draft resolution can be passed by a committee.
28
EXPECTATIONS FOR PERFORMANCE
Although we strongly believe that awards should not be sole purpose of attending a Model U.N. Conference,
UNA-USA MUN does acknowledge delegations that do a superb job of representing their country.
Judging for awards will be based on the following criteria, ranked in order of importance:
1. Represents assigned country, realistically conveying a thorough understanding of the country’s

policy;
2. Conducts oneself in a diplomatic manner during formal and informal debate;
3. Shows a willingness to negotiate through topics for the benefit of the committee;
4. Conveys knowledge of United Nations structure and function;
5. Understands and follows UNA-USA MUN rules of procedure; and
6. Displays the ability to verbally present policy, ideas and questions during committee.
THE FOLLOWING AWARDS WILL BE GIVEN:
Delegation Awards
Given to delegates in each committee for distinguished performance
Honorable Mentions
Given to delegates in each committee who deserve honorable mention for their performance
Best Position Paper

Given to the delegates who compose the best position paper in each specific committee
Secretary-General's Awards
Given to the overall delegation judged to be superior in all areas
29

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T HE 2004 UNA-USA

M ODEL U NITED N ATIONS C ONFERENCE

The 2004 UNA-USA

A publication of UNA-USA's Education Department

TENTATIVE CONFERENCE SCHEDULE .....................................................................................7

CONFERENCE AGENDA ...........................................................................................................8

ROLES AT THE CONFERENCE ...................................................................................................9

RULES OF CONDUCT ...............................................................................................................10

DIRECTIONS TO THE CONFERENCE ..........................................................................................11

MODEL U.N. RESEARCH ........................................................................................................12

POSITION PAPERS ...................................................................................................................14

SAMPLE POSITION PAPER ........................................................................................................15

FLOW OF DEBATE ..................................................................................................................16

RULES OF PROCEDURE SHORT FORM .......................................................................................17

RULES OF PROCEDURE LONG FORM .......................................................................................18

PUBLIC SPEAKING ...................................................................................................................23

THE RESOLUTION PROCESS ....................................................................................................24

EXPECTATIONS FOR PERFORMANCE ........................................................................................29

FRIDAY, MAY 21, 2004 • JACOB JAVITS CONVENTION CENTER

7:00am - 9:00am Arrival and Registration

SATURDAY, MAY 22, 2004 • UNITED NATIONS HEADQUARTERS

9:30am - 12:30pm Committee Sessions

Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND)

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

General Assembly (Middle School, grades 6-8) (G.A. M.S.)

General Assembly (G.A.)

General Assembly B (G.A. B)

General Assembly 1st Committee (G.A. 1)

Security Council (S.C.)

Security Council (futuristic) (S.C.)

Security Council (Middle School, grades 6-8) (S.C. M.S.)

Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations (SCPKO)

Administrative Assistant/Chronicle Staff/Crisis Personnel

LAP TOP/CELL PHONE POLICY

Directions to the Javits Center (Taken from http://www.javitscenter.com/directions/directions.htm)

From the North (Westchester, Connecticut, Massachusetts, etc.)

From the South (New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania, etc.)

From Queens and Long Island

Directions to the United Nations (taken from www.un.org)

When researching, delegates should know the following:

Model U.N. Interactive Forum

Below is a sample of the layout of the Interactive Forum:

What the position paper should include:

A sample of a well-written position paper can be found on the following page.

SETTING THE AGENDA

Speaking time is set through a motion from a delegate.

Working Papers and Draft Resolutions

Rule 4. General Functions of the Secretariat

Rule 6. Revision of the Agenda

Rule 7. Adoption of the Agenda

Rule 9. Limitation of Speaking Time

Rule 10. Speeches

Rule 11. Yielding Time

Rule 12. Right of Reply

Rule 13. Appeal to the Chair’s Decision

Rule 16. Point of Information (question to other delegates)

Rule 17. Point of Inquiry

Rule 19. Motion to Table Debate

Rule 20. Closure of Debate

Rule 21. Adjournment of the Meeting