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Journal of Radiation Research and Applied
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Europium doped di-calcium magnesium di-silicate

orangeered emitting phosphor by solid state
reaction method

Ishwar Prasad Sahu*, D.P. Bisen, Nameeta Brahme

School of Studies in Physics & Astrophysics, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G., 492010, India

article info abstract

Article history: A new orangeered europium doped di-calcium magnesium di-silicate (Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ)
Received 27 October 2014 phosphor was prepared by the traditional high temperature solid state reaction method.
Received in revised form The prepared Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor was characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD),
28 January 2015 transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy
Accepted 18 February 2015 (FESEM) with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), fourier transform infrared
Available online 14 March 2015 spectra (FTIR), photoluminescence (PL) and decay characteristics. The phase structure of
sintered phosphor was akermanite type structure which belongs to the tetragonal crys-
Keywords: tallography with space group P421 m, this structure is a member of the melilite group and
Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ forms a layered compound. The chemical composition of the sintered Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ
TEM phosphor was confirmed by EDX spectra. The PL spectra indicate that Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ can
Photoluminescence be excited effectively by near ultraviolet (NUV) light and exhibit bright orangeered emis-
Long afterglow sion with excellent color stability. The fluorescence lifetime of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor
CIE was found to be 28.47 ms. CIE color coordinates of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor is suitable as
orange-red light emitting phosphor with a CIE value of (X ¼ 0.5554, Y ¼ 0.4397). Therefore, it
is considered to be a new promising orangeered emitting phosphor for white light emitting
diode (LED) application.
Copyright © 2015, The Egyptian Society of Radiation Sciences and Applications. Production
and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

As a new solid state light source, the white light-emitting

1. Introduction diodes (WLEDs) are considered to be the fourth generation
general lighting devices that stands a real chance of replacing
Luminescent materials containing rare earth ions are able to conventional lighting sources such as incandescent and
absorb energy in the UV-regions and emit visible light. fluorescent lamps due to its long lifetime, saving energy,
Recently, these materials have drawn increasing interest due reliability, safety and its environmental friendly characteris-
to their promising applications in white light emitting diodes, tics (Jiao & Wang, 2012). Among the technological strategies of
display devices, storage bioluminescence and fluorescence obtaining WLEDs, the phosphor converted (pc) emission
labels (Sahu, Bisen, Brahme, Wanjari, Tamrakar, 2015b; Xu, method is the most common one, in which tricolor phosphors
Wang, Liu, Jia, & Sheng, 2014).

* Corresponding author. Tel.: þ91 9926993644.

E-mail address: ishwarprasad1986@gmail.com (I.P. Sahu).
Peer review under responsibility of The Egyptian Society of Radiation Sciences and Applications.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2015.02.007
1687-8507/Copyright © 2015, The Egyptian Society of Radiation Sciences and Applications. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an
open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
382 J o u r n a l o f R a d i a t i o n R e s e a r c h a n d A p p l i e d S c i e n c e s 8 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 3 8 1 e3 8 8

(red, green and blue) are pumped by UV InGaN chips or blue

GaN chips and generate white light. At present, the commer- 2. Experimental
cially used green and red phosphors for NUV chips are ZnS:
(Cuþ, Al3þ) and Y2O2S:Eu3þ, respectively. Unfortunately, both 2.1. Material preparation
ZnS: (Cuþ, Al3þ) and Y2O2S:Eu3þ show low chemical stability as
they are sulfide based phosphors. Therefore, it is urgent to The Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor was prepared by the high
search for new green and red phosphors or an orangeered temperature solid state reaction method. The raw materials
phosphor with high efficiency and excellent stability (Liu et al. are calcium carbonate [CaCO3 (99.90%)], magnesium oxide
2014). [MgO (99.90%)], silicon di-oxide [SiO2 (99.99%)] and europium
Generally, phosphors consist of activator and host, in order oxide [Eu2O3 (99.99%)], all of analytical grade (A.R.), were
to obtain efficient red or orangeered emitting phosphor, host employed in this experiment. Boric acid (H3BO3) was added as
is another key factor (Wang, Lou, & Li, 2014). Eu3þ doped ox- flux. Initially, the raw materials were weighed according to the
ides were widely studied as efficient red emitting phosphors nominal compositions of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor. Then
due to the abundant transitions from the excited 5D0 level to the powders were mixed and milled thoroughly for 2 h using
the 7FJ (J ¼ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) levels of the 4f6 configuration in the mortar and pestle. The grinded sample was placed in an
orange-red light area (Dong, Zhang, Zhang, Hao, & Luo, 2014; alumina crucible and subsequently fired at 1200  C for 3 h in
Gorller-Walrand, Fluyt, Ceulemans, & Carnall, 1995). Mellite air. At last the nominal compounds were obtained after the
are a large group of compounds characterized by the general cooling down of programmable furnace.
formula M2T1T22O7, (M ¼ Sr, Ca, Ba; T1 ¼ Mn, Co, Cu, Mg, Zn;
T2 ¼ Si, Ge), have been investigated widely as optical mate- 2.2. Characterization techniques
rials. Due to their tetragonal and non-centrosymmetric crystal
structure, lanthanides or transition metals can be accepted The phase structures of the prepared Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phos-
easily as constituents or dopants by the melilites, allowing the phor was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction analysis
synthesis of high-quality doped single crystals. Recently, di- (XRD). XRD pattern has been obtained from Bruker D8
calcium magnesium di-silicate (Ca2MgSi2O7) phosphor has advanced X-ray powder diffractometer using CuKa radiation
attracted great interest due to its special structure features, and the data were collected over the 2q range 10e80 . Particle
excellent physical and chemical stability. They have been size of prepared phosphor was determined by TEM using
studied widely with Eu2þ doping, which shows that a green TECHNAI G2. The samples required for TEM analysis were
emission and long persistent luminescence by co-doping with prepared by dispersing the sintered Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phos-
some other rare earth ions. A calcium silicate phosphor would phor in methanol using an ultrasound bath technique. A drop
be ideal from the manufacturing point of view, because both of this dispersed suspension was put onto 200-mesh carbon
calcium and silica are abundant and are relatively inexpensive coated copper grid and then dried into the air. An EDX spectra
(Talwar et al. 2009). was used for the elemental analysis of the prepared phosphor
In the past, Ca2MgSi2O7 phosphor doped with Eu3þ has (Sahu, Bisen, Brahme & Ganjir 2015c). FTIR spectra were
been prepared by pulsed laser deposition method. High recorded with the help of IR Prestige-21 by SHIMADZU for
quality Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ films phosphors were deposited on investigating the functional group (4000e1400 cm1) as well as
Al2O3 (0 0 0 1) substrates. The crystallinity, surface roughness the finger print region (1400e400 cm1) of sintered phosphor
and photoluminescence of the thin film phosphors were by mixing the sample with potassium bromide (KBr, AR
strongly dependent on the deposition conditions, which is the grade). The PL measurements of excitation and emission
drawback of pulsed laser deposition method (Yang, Moona, spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu (RF 5301-PC) spectro-
Choi, Jeong, & Kim, 2012). Solid state reaction techniques is a fluorophotometer fitted with a sensitive photomultiplier tube.
traditional phosphors synthesis techniques is widely used to This spectrofluorophotometer provides corrected excitation
prepare silicate phosphors because samples prepared using and emission spectra in the 200e400 and 475e700 nm ranges,
this method have good luminescence and very good respectively. All measurements were carried out at the room
morphology, which has advantage over the pulsed laser temperature.
deposition technique (Sahu, Bisen, & Brahme, 2015a,
Shrivastava & Kaur, 2014).
In the present paper, we report the synthesis of europium 3. Results and discussion
doped di-calcium magnesium di-silicate (Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ)
phosphor by high temperature solid state reaction method. 3.1. XRD analysis
The phase structure, crystallite size, particle size, surface
morphology, elemental analysis, different stretching mode In order to determine the phase structure, powder XRD anal-
was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission ysis has been carried out. The typical XRD patterns of
electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor with the standard XRD pattern is
microscopy (FESEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectros- shown in Fig. 1. The position and intensity of diffraction peaks
copy (EDX), and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the prepared Ca2MgSi2O7: Eu3þ phosphor were matched and
respectively. The luminescent behaviors of this phosphor found to be consistent with the standard XRD pattern (COD
were also investigated by photoluminescence (PL) and long card No. 96-900-6941) by MATCH 2 software. The figure of
afterglow (decay) characteristics. merit (FOM) while matching these was 0.9759 (97%) which
 J o u r n a l o f R a d i a t i o n R e s e a r c h a n d A p p l i e d S c i e n c e s 8 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 3 8 1 e3 8 8 383

Fig. 1 e XRD patterns of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor.

illustrates that the phase of the prepared sample agrees with seen that the, due the high temperature synthesis, the
the standard pattern COD card No. 96-900-6941. In Fig. 1, it can agglomeration of phosphor particles were observed. TEM im-
be concluded that prepared samples are chemically and ages shows that the shape of the particle is tetragonal struc-
structurally Ca2MgSi2O7 phosphor. The phase structure of the ture and particle size ranges in between 200 and 400 nm. So we
Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor is akermanite type structure conclude that, transmission electron microscopy results are
which belongs to the tetragonal crystallography with space in good agreement with the result of the XRD studies.
group P421 m (113 space number and D32d space group), this
structure is a member of the melilite group and forms a 3.3. Field emission scanning electron microscopy
layered compound. The lattice parameters are calculated (FESEM)
using Celref V3. The refined values of tetragonal europium
doped di-calcium magnesium silicate were found as; It is known that the luminescence characteristics of phosphor
a ¼ b ¼ 7.8470 Å, c ¼ 5.0097 Å, a ¼ 90 , b ¼ 90 , g ¼ 90 and cell particles depend on the morphology of the particles, such as
volume ¼ 299.24 (Å)3, Z ¼ 2 is nearly same [a ¼ b ¼ 7.8350 Å and size, shape, size distribution, defects, and so on. The surface
c ¼ 5.0100 Å, a ¼ 90 , b ¼ 90 , g ¼ 90 and cell volume ¼ 299.36 morphology of the Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor is shown in
(Å)3, Z ¼ 2], with the standard lattice parameters which again
signifies the proper preparation of the discussed
Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor.
The average crystallite size was calculated from the XRD
pattern using Debye Scherrer relation D ¼ kl/bcosq, where D is
the crystallite size for the (hkl) plane, l is the wavelength of the
incident X-ray radiation [CuKa (0.154 nm)], b is the full width
at half maximum (FWHM) in radiations, and q is the corre-
sponding angle of Bragg diffraction. Sharper and isolated
diffraction peaks such as 2q ¼ 24.15 (1 1 1), 29.04 (2 1 0), 31.26 (2
1 1), 36.44 (3 1 0), 38.93 (3 0 1), 44.55 (2 1 2) were chosen for
calculation of the crystallite size. Based on the Debye-Scher-
rer's formula, the crystallite size is ~ 73 nm, 70 nm, 68 nm,
69 nm, 67 nm, 66 nm was calculated, respectively and the
average crystallite size is ~68.83 nm.

3.2. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)

Fig. 2 shows the transmission electron microscopy (TEM)

image of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor. From TEM image, it is Fig. 2 e TEM image of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor.
384 J o u r n a l o f R a d i a t i o n R e s e a r c h a n d A p p l i e d S c i e n c e s 8 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 3 8 1 e3 8 8

aggregates is also present due to high temperature heat

treatment.

3.4. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX)

The chemical composition of the powder sample has been

measured using EDX spectra. EDX is a standard procedure for
identifying and quantifying elemental composition of sample
area as small as a few nanometers. The existence of europium
(Eu) is clear in their corresponding EDX spectra. Their
appeared no other emission apart from calcium (Ca), magne-
sium (Mg), silicon (Si) and oxygen (O) in Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ EDX
spectra of the phosphor. In EDX spectra, the presence of Ca,
Mg, Si, O and Eu, intense peak are present which preliminary
indicates the formation of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor in Fig. 4.

3.5. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR)

The FTIR spectra has been widely used for the identification of
organic and inorganic compounds. Fig. 5 shows the FTIR
spectra of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor. In observed IR spec-
trum, the absorption bands of silicate groups were clearly
evident. An intense band centred at 974.14 cm1 is assigned
due to SieOeSi asymmetric stretch, bands at 646.29 cm1 to
SieO symmetric stretch. Bands at 588.71 and 481.56 cm1 are
assigned to SieOeSi vibrational mode. Furthermore, in keep-
ing with the absorption bands, posited at 1010.92, 945.36 and
687.87 cm1 can be ascribed to the presence of SiO4 group. The
band centred at 1783.38 cm1 can be attributed to the presence
of small amount of calcite (Gou, Chang, & Zhai, 2005).
The FTIR spectrum of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor contain
clearly exhibited bands in the region (3429.43 cm1) of hy-
droxyl group show the stretching vibration of OeH groups.
The hydroxyl group in sintered phosphor is might be due to
presence of moisture through environment. The asymmetric
stretching of (CO2
3 ) carbonates can be observed in the range of
1900e1700 cm1 (Sahu, Bisen, & Brahme, 2014b). The weak
Fig. 3 e (a, b) FESEM image of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor.
shoulders, which corresponds to the out of plane bending of
appears at ~1861.65 cm1. These bands are due to a slight

Fig. 3(a, b) with different magnification. The surface

morphology of the particles was not uniform and they
aggregated tightly with each other. From the FESEM image, it
can be observed that the prepared sample consists of particles
with different size distribution. In addition, there are some big

Fig. 4 e EDX spectra of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor. Fig. 5 e FTIR spectra of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor.
 J o u r n a l o f R a d i a t i o n R e s e a r c h a n d A p p l i e d S c i e n c e s 8 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 3 8 1 e3 8 8 385

carbonation of the samples preparation [CaCO3 (raw mate- parts: (1) the broad band between 220 and 300 nm, the broad
rial)]. The free CO23 ions has a D3h symmetry (trigonal planar) absorption band is called charge transfer state (CTS) band
and its spectrum is dominated by the band at 1900e1700 cm1. due to the europiumeoxygen interactions, which is caused
The vibration band of 1639.44 cm1 are assigned due to the by an electron transfer from an oxygen 2p orbital to an
Mg2þ and bending of the sharp peaks in the region of 846.20 empty 4f shell of europium and the strongest excitation
and 724.65 cm1 are assigned due to Ca2þ. When Eu3þ enters peak is at about 265 nm. (2) A series of sharp lines between
the lattice, it will replace the Ca2þ in the Ca2MgSi2O7 host and 300 and 400 nm, ascribed to the fef transition of Eu3þ. The
occupy Ca2þ lattice sites due to distortion in the Ca2MgSi2O7 strongest sharp peak is located at 395 nm corresponding to
host crystal lattice. Original position of Ca2þ was replaced by 7
F0 / 5L6 transition of Eu3þ. Other weak excitation peaks are
Eu3þ and the original of Ca2þ located at somewhere. Therefore located at 319, 363 and 383 nm are related to the intra-
the vibration mode of Ca2þ at 846.20 and 724.65 cm1 is clearly configurational 4fe4f transitions of Eu3þ ions in the host
observed from Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor (Chang & Mao, lattices, which can be assigned to 7F0 / 5H6, 7F0 / 5D4 and
7
2005, Sahu, Bisen, & Brahme, 2014c). F0 / 5L7 transitions, respectively. The prepared
According to the crystal structure of Ca2MgSi2O7, the co- Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor can be excited by near UV (NUV)
ordination number of calcium can be 6 and 8. Therefore, Ca2þ at about 395 nm effectively. So, it can match well with UV
can occupy two alternative lattice sites, the six coordinated and NUV-LED, showing a great potential for practical ap-
Ca2þ site [CaO6 (Ca (I) site)] and the eight coordinated Ca2þ site plications (Wu, Hu, Wang, Kang, & Mou, 2011, Sahu, Bisen, &
[CaO8 (Ca (II) site)], and other two independent cations sites, Brahme, 2014d).
namely Mg2þ [MgO4], and Si4þ [SiO4] also exist in the crystal Fig. 6(b) shows the emission spectra of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ
lattice. Mg2þ and Si4þ cations occupy in the tetrahedral sites. phosphor in the range of 475e700 nm. Under the 395 nm
Eu3þ ions can occupy with 3 oxidation state (3, 2 and 1) and five excitation, the emission spectrum of our obtained samples
alternative lattice sites. The coordination number of euro- was composed of a series of sharp emission lines, corre-
pium can be 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 (Eu (I), Eu (II), Eu (III), Eu (IV) and Eu sponding to transitions from the excited states 5D0 to the
(V), respectively) (Vicentini, Zinner, Zukerman-Schpector, & ground state 7Fj (j ¼ 0,1,2,3). The orange emission at about
Zinner, 2000). It's hard for Eu3þ ions to incorporate the tetra- 593 nm belongs to the magnetic dipole 5D0 / 7F1 transition of
hedral [MgO4] or [SiO4] symmetry but it can easily incorporate Eu3þ, and the transition hardly varies with the crystal field
hexahedral [CaO6] or octahedral [CaO8]. Another fact that strength. The red emission at 615 nm ascribes to the electric
supports that the radius of Eu3þ (1.07 Å) are very close to that dipole 5D0 / 7F2 transition of Eu3þ, which is very sensitive to
of Ca2þ (about 1.12 Å) rather than Mg2þ (0.65 Å) and Si4þ the local environment around the Eu3þ, and depends on the
(0.41 Å). Therefore, the Eu3þ ions are expected to occupy the symmetry of the crystal field. It is found that the 593 and
Ca2þ sites in the Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor (Chandrappa, 615 nm emissions are the two strongest peaks, indicating that
Ghosh, & Patil, 1999; Salim et al. 2009). there are two Ca2þ sites in the Ca2MgSi2O7 lattice. One site, Ca
(I), is inversion symmetry and the other site, Ca (II), is non-
3.6. Photoluminescence (PL) inversion symmetry. When doped in Ca2MgSi2O7 the Eu3þ
ions occupied the two different sites of Ca (I) and Ca (II). Other
The excitation spectrum of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor two emission peaks located at 580 and 652 nm are relatively
monitored at 593 nm emission is given in Fig. 6(a). The weak, corresponding to the 5D0 / 7F0 and 5D0 / 7F3 typical
spectrum of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor exhibit a broad band transitions of Eu3þ ions respectively (Kuang et al. 2014, Sahu,
in the UV region centered at about 265 nm, and several Bisen, & Brahme, 2014d).
sharp lines between 300 to 400 nm. It can be seen from For the phosphor Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ prepared in our exper-
Fig. 6(a), the excitation spectrum is composed of two major iment, the strongest orange emission peak is located at

3+
Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu
265 nm

Excitation
395 nm

λ = 593 nm
em
Intensity (a.u.)

383 nm
363 nm
319 nm

200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400

Wavelength(nm)

Fig. 6 e (a) Excitation spectra of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor. (b) Emission spectra of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor.
386 J o u r n a l o f R a d i a t i o n R e s e a r c h a n d A p p l i e d S c i e n c e s 8 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 3 8 1 e3 8 8

Table 1 e Fitting results of the decay curves.

Phosphor t (ms)
Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ 28.47

where, I0 and I are the luminescence intensities at time 0 and

t, respectively, and t is the luminescence lifetime. Based on
the decay curve and the above mentioned Eq. (1) the fitting
curve result are shown in Table 1.
As it was reported before (Hong et al. 2011), when Eu3þ ions
were doped into Ca2MgSi2O7, they would substitute the Ca2þ
ions. To keep electro-neutrality of the compound, two Eu3þ
ions would substitute three Ca2þ ions. The process can be
expressed as

2Eu3þ þ 3Ca2þ /2½EuCa * þ ½VCa 00

Each substitution of two Eu3þ ions would create two posi-

Fig. 7 e Schematic energy level diagram of
tive defects of [EuCa]* capturing electrons and one negative
Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor.
vacancy of [VCa]00 . These defects act as trapping centers for
charge carriers. Then the vacancy [VCa]00 would act as a donor
of electrons while the two [EuCa]* defects become acceptors of
electrons. By thermal stimulation, electrons of the [VCa]00 va-
593 nm will be dominated. It can be presumed that Eu3þ ions cancies would then transfer to the Eu3þ sites. The results
mainly occupy with an inversion symmetric center in host indicate that the depth of the trap is too shallow leading to a
lattice. Fig. 7 shows the schematic energy level diagram of quick escape of charge carriers from the traps resulting in a
Eu3þ ions in the Ca2MgSi2O7 host depicting different emissions fast recombination rate in milliseconds (ms).
bands.

3.8. CIE chromaticity coordinate

3.7. Long afterglow (decay)
In general, color of any phosphor material is represented by
Fig. 8 shows the typical decay curves of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ means of color coordinates. The luminescence color of the
phosphor. The initial afterglow intensity of the sample was samples excited under 395 nm has been characterized by the
high. The decay times of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor can be CIE (Commission International de I'Eclairage) 1931
calculated by the curve fitting technique, and the decay curves
fitted by the single exponential components have different
decay times.

I ¼ I0 expðt=tÞ (1)

Fig. 9 e CIE chromaticity diagram of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ

3þ
Fig. 8 e Decay Curve of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu phosphor. phosphor.
 J o u r n a l o f R a d i a t i o n R e s e a r c h a n d A p p l i e d S c i e n c e s 8 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 3 8 1 e3 8 8 387

chromaticity diagram. The emission spectrum of the Eu3þ Gorller-Walrand, C., Fluyt, L., Ceulemans, A., & Carnall, W. T.
doped Ca2MgSi2O7 phosphor was converted to the CIE 1931 (1995). Magnetic dipole transitions as standards for JuddeOfelt
chromaticity using the photoluminescent data and the inter- parametrization in lanthanide spectra. Journal of Chemical
Physics, 1991, 3099e3106.
active CIE software (CIE coordinate calculator) diagram as
Gou, Z., Chang, J., & Zhai, W. (2005). Preparation and
shown in Fig. 9 (Sahu, Bisen, & Brahme, 2014a). characterization of novel bioactive dicalcium silicate
Every natural color can be identified by (X, Y) coordinates ceramics. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 25, 1507e1514.
that are disposed inside the ‘chromatic shoe’ representing the Hong, Y., Guimei, G., Li, K., Guanghuan, L., Shucai, G., &
saturated colors. Luminescence colors of Eu3þ doped Ca2Mg- Guangyan, H. (2011). Synthesis and luminescence properties of a
Si2O7 phosphor are placed in the orange-red (X ¼ 0.5554, novel red-emitting phosphor SrCaSiO4:Eu3þ for ultraviolet white
Y ¼ 0.4397) corners. The chromatic co-ordinates of the lumi- light-emitting diodes. Journal of Rare Earths, 29(5), 431e435.
Jiao, H. Y., & Wang, Y. (2012). A potential red-emitting phosphor
nescence of this phosphor are measure and reached to
CaSrAl2SiO7:Eu3þ for near ultraviolet light emitting diodes.
orange-red luminescence (CIE 1931). Physica B, 407, 2729e2733.
Kuang, S. P., Liang, K., Liu, J., Mei, Y. M., Jiang, M., Wu, Z. C., et al.
(2014). Preparation and photoluminescence properties of a
4. Conclusion new orangeered Ba3P4O13:Eu3þ phosphor. Optik e International
Journal for Light and Electron Optics. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/
j.ijleo.2013.12.037.
A new orangeered emitting phosphor of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ was
Liu, J., Liang, K., Wu, Z. C., Mei, Y. M., Kuang, S. P., & Li, D. X.
synthesized by high temperature solid state reaction method (2014). The reduction of Eu3þ to Eu2þ in a new orangeered
at 1200  C and its photoluminescence properties were inves- emission Sr3P4O13:Eu phosphor prepared in air and its
tigated. The EDX spectra confirm the present elements in photoluminescence properties. Ceramics International, 40,
Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor. The excitation spectra indicate 8827e8831.
the phosphor can be effectively excited by near ultraviolet Sahu, I. P., Bisen, D. P., & Brahme, N. (2014a). Dysprosium doped
di-strontium magnesium di-silicate White light emitting
(NUV) light, making it attractive as conversion phosphor for
phosphor by solid state reaction method. Displays, 35,
LED applications. The Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor exhibits
279e286.
bright orangeered emission excited by 395 nm. Photo- Sahu, I. P., Bisen, D. P., & Brahme, N. (2014b). Structural
luminescence measurements showed that the phosphor characterization and optical properties of
exhibited emission peak with good intensity at 593 nm, cor- Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu2þ,Dy3þ phosphor by solid-state reaction
responding to 5D0 / 7F1 orange emission and weak 5D0 / 7F2 method. Lumiescence:The Journal of Biological and Chemical
red emission. The band at 395 nm can be assigned to 7F0 / 5L6 Luminescence. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.2771 (Wiley
publication).
transition of Eu3þ ions due to the typical fef transitions within
Sahu, I. P., Bisen, D. P., & Brahme, N. (2014c). Luminescence
Eu3þ of 4f6 configuration. CIE chromaticity diagram confirms properties of Eu2þ and Dy3þ doped Sr2MgSi2O7 and Ca2MgSi2O7
Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu3þ phosphor exhibits efficient orangeered phosphors by solid state reaction method. Research on Chemical
emission and excellent color stability, indicating that it has Intermediates. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11164-014-1767-6
favorable properties for application as near ultraviolet LED (Springer publication).
conversion phosphor. Sahu, I. P., Bisen, D. P., & Brahme, N. (2014d). Photoluminescence
properties of europium doped di-strontium magnesium di-
silicate phosphor by solid state reaction method. Journal of
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Acknowledgment dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2014.12.006.
Sahu, I. P., Bisen, D. P., & Brahme, N. (2015a). Luminescence
properties of Green emitting Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu2þ phosphor by
“We are very grateful to UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific
solid state reaction method. Lumiescence: The Journal of
Research, Indore (M.P.) for the XRD Characterization and we Biological and Chemical Luminescence. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/
are very thankful Dr. Mukul Gupta for his co-operation”. We bio.2869 (Wiley publication).
are very thankful to Dr. K.V.R. Murthy, Department of Applied Sahu, I. P., Bisen, D. P., Brahme, N., Wanjari, L., & Tamrakar, R. K.
physics, M.S. University Baroda, Vadodara (Gujarat) India for (2015b). Structural characterization and luminescence
the photoluminescence study. properties of Bluish-Green emitting SrCaMgSi2O7:Eu2þ, Dy3þ
phosphor by solid state reaction method. Research on Chemical
Intermediates. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11164-015-1929-1
(Springer publication).
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