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    Model answer lesson 4 chapter 3

    Question Answer Question Answer


    1 C 34 A
    2 B 35 D
    3 B 36 C
    4 B 37 A
    5 D 38 C
    6 C 39 B
    7 D 40 C
    8 C 41 C
    9 A 42 A
    10 A 43 C
    11 B 44 C
    12 B 45 A
    13 B 46 C
    14 A 47 Bsteps↓
    15 B 48 A steps↓
    16 B 49 B steps↓
    17 C 50 D steps↓
    18 A 51 C steps↓
    19 C 52 B steps↓
    20 C 53 A steps↓
    21 B 54 edit↓ First : A steps↓
    Second : D steps↓
    22 A 55 First : A steps↓
    Second : C steps↓
    23 D 56 B steps↓
    24 A 57 C steps↓
    25 C 58 B steps↓
    26 D 59 B steps↓
    27 B 60 B steps↓
    28 A 61 C
    29 D 62 A
    30 C 63 A steps↓
    31 B 64 A steps↓
    32 C 65 D steps↓
    33 B

    Steps
    47)

    CH3COOH + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + CH3COO-

    [H3 O+ ] = √Ka × Ca = √1.8 × 10−5 × 0.1 =1.3416 ×10-3 ≃ 1.342 ×10-3 M

    48)

    HF + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + F-

    Ka = ∝2 × Ca

    ka 6.7 × 10−4
    ∝ = √ = √ = 0.081853 ≃ 0.08185
    Ca 0.1

    49)

    HX + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + X-

    7.15
    ∝ = 7.15% = = 0.0715
    100

    Ka = ∝2 × Ca

    Ka = 0.07152 × 0.1

    Ka = 5.11225 × 10-4 ≃5.11 × 10-4


    50)

    3
    ∝ = 3% = = 0.03
    100

    Kb = ∝2 × Cb

    Kb = 0.032 × 0.02

    Kb = 1.8 × 10-5

    51)

    HCN + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + CN-

    [H3 O+ ] = [H + ]

    [H+] = √Ka × Ca = √7.2 × 10−10 × 0.01 = 2.6832×10-6 M ≃ 2.68×10-6 M

    52)

    NH3 + H2O ⇌ NH4+ + OH-

    [OH − ] = √Kb × Cb = √1.8 × 10−5 × 0.01 = 4.242×10-4 ≃ 4.3×10-4 M


    53)

    Ethanoic acid = Acetic acid = CH₃COOH

    (this acid (one of organic acids which are weak) will be studied in organic

    chemistry and this question will be answered with same steps as acetic acid)

    CH3COOH + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + CH3COO-

    [H3 O+ ] = √Ka × Ca

    [H3 O+ ]2 = Ka × Ca

    [H3 O+ ]2 (1.34 × 10−3 )2 1.7956 × 10−6


    Ka = = = = 1.7956 × 10-5 ≃ 1.8 × 10-5
    Ca 0.1 0.1

    54)

    Edit: ionization constant pf acid = 1.8x10-5

    CH3COOH + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + CH3COO-

    First:

    Ka = ∝2 × Ca

    Ka 1.8 × 10−5
    α = √ Ca = √ = 1.8973 × 10-2 ≃ 1.897 × 10-2
    0.05

    Second:

    [H3O+] = √Ka × Ca = √1.8 × 10−5 × 0.05 = 9.48 × 10-4 M


    55)

    NH4OH ⇌ NH4+ + OH-

    First:

    Kb = ∝2 × Cb

    Kb 1.6 × 10−6
    α = √ Cb = √ = 4 × 10-3
    0.1

    Second:

    [OH-] = √Kb × Cb = √1.6 × 10−6 × 0.1 = 4 × 10-4 M

    56)

    HX + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + X-

    Since same temperature, therefore, same Ka

    1st solution:

    Ka = ∝2 × Ca

    Ka = 0.15 × 0.0082 = 9.6 × 10-6

    1st solution:

    Ka = ∝2 × Ca

    Ka 9.6 × 10−6
    α = √ Ca = √ =9.797 × 10-3 ≃ 9.8 × 10-3 (shift ENG [on calculator]➔ 0.0098)
    0.1
    57)

    number of moles 0.25


    Concentration (Ca) = = = 0.25M
    volume of solution (L) 1

    Ka = ∝2 × Ca

    Ka = (2x10−2)2 x 0.25 = 1x10−4

    58)

    CH3COOH + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + CH3COO-

    1.34
    α = 1.34 % = = 0.0134
    100

    Ka = ∝2 × Ca

    Ka = (0.0134)2 x 0.1 = 1.7956x10−5

    [H3 O+ ] = √ka x Ca = √1.7956x10−5 x 0.1 = 1.34x10−3 M

    59)

    CH3COOH + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + CH3COO-

    [CH3 COO− ] = [H3 O+ ] = √ka x Ca = √1.8x10−5 x 0.02 = 6x10−4 M


    60)

    Kb = ∝2 × cb

    Kb
    ∝ = √Cb

    Kb 1.8x10−5
    a) α = √Cb = √ = 0.0134
    0.10

    Kb 4.5x10−4
    b) α = √Cb = √ = 0.042
    0.25

    Kb 1.7x10−4
    c) α = √Cb = √ = 0.013
    1

    Kb 4.4x10−4
    d) α = √Cb = √ = 0.014
    2

    α of B is the greatest ➔ highest conduction

    63)

    1
    α = 1%= = 0.01
    100

    Ka = ∝2 × Ca

    Ka = (0.01)2 x 0.1 = 1x10−5

    By dilution at constant temperature :

    1x10-5 = ∝2 × 0.025

    ∝2 = 0.0004

    α = 0.02 = 2%
    64)

    number of moles 0.25


    Concentration (Ca) = = = 0.5M
    volume of solution (L) 500x10−3

    Ka = ∝2 × Ca

    Ka = (2x10−4 )2 x 0.5 = 2x10−8

    65)

    Ka = ∝2 × Ca

    5.1x10-4 = ∝2 × 0.2

    ∝2 = 0.00255

    α = 0.0505

    𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 (𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑧𝑒𝑑)


    α =
    𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

    Total number of moles before dissociation = MV = 0.2 x 200 x 10-3 = 0.04 mol.

    𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 (𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑧𝑒𝑑)


    0.0505 =
    0.04

    Number of dissociated moles = 0.002019 = 2.02x10-3 mol

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