NAME………………………………………………………CLASS……………………

CANDIDATE’SSIGN………………………………………DATE……………………

KENYA CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

CHEMISTRY PAPER ONE
233/1
TIME: 2 HOURS
FORM 3 END TERM 3

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
 Write your Name, Admission Number and class in the spaces provided.
 Answer all the questions in the spaces provided in the question paper.
 Mathematical tables and silent scientific calculators may be used.
 ALL the working must be clearly shown where necessary.
 This paper consists of 12 pages.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

QUESTIONS MAX SCORE CANDIDATE’S SCORE

1 – 28 80

Page 1 of 11
1. State one use of each of the following apparatus in the laboratory: (3 marks)

(i)Desiccator…………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(ii)Crucible…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(iii).Deflagrating spoon……………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. (a) A mixture consists of sulphur and iron filings. Explain how a sample of sulphur can be obtained
from the mixture. (2 marks)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(b) A sample of the mixture in (a) was heated in an open crucible.

(i) State what was observed. (1 mark)

….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Write an equation for the reaction. (1 mark)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Element K (not actual symbol of element) has isotopes with relative abundances as shown below.

Isotope Abundance %
10
K 18.69

K11 81.21

Calculate the relative atomic mass of element K. ( 2 marks)

Page 2 of 11
4. A crystal of potassium manganate(VII) was placed at the bottom of a trough of water as shown in the
diagram. After 30 minutes, the water in the trough was coloured purple. Explain the observation.
(2 marks)

….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. A student measured the pH values of solutions A, B, C, D, and E and obtained the following results:
(3 marks)

Solution pH Value
A 0
B 5
C 13
D 8
E 7

(i) Weak acid…………………………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) Neutral……………………………………………………………………………………………………

(iii) Strong base………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. The table below gives the first ionisation energies of the alkali metals.
Element 1st ionisation energy kJmol-1
A 494
B 418
C 519

(a) Define the term ionisation energy? (1 mark)

….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Page 3 of 11
(b) Which of the three metals is the least reactive? Give a reason. (2 marks)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Dry hydrogen gas was passed over a heated oxide of copper weighing 14.3 g. At the end of the
experiment 12.7 g of copper and 1.8 g of water were obtained. Determine the formula of the oxide
(Cu=63.5, 0=16). (3 marks)

8. Below is an illustration of one of the methods used to collect gases in the laboratory.

water
(a) Name the method illustrated above. (1 mark)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(b) Give one major characteristic of gases collected by this method. (1 mark)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. Using dots and crosses to represent electrons, draw diagrams to represent bonding in:

Hydroxonium ion, H3O+ (2 marks)

10. The following equation represents the reaction for the preparation of ethene from ethanol;
C2H5OH(l) C2H4(g) + H2O(l)
(a) Name reagent A (1 mark)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 4 of 11
(b) Write an equation for the reaction which takes place between ethyne and excess chlorine gas.
(1 mark)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

11. State three ways that can be used to show that water is a compound of hydrogen. (3marks)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

12. (a) A piece of burning magnesium was introduced into a jar of nitrogen. State what was observed.
(1 mark)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(b) Water was added to the product of the reaction in (a) and the resultant solution was tested with litmus
solution. State and explain what was observed. (2 marks)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

13. A pure sample of lodine crystals can be separated from its mixture with sand by heating.
(1) What is observed during heating? (1 mark)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(ii) What property of iodine makes this separation possible? (1 mark)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
14. Study the flow chart below and answer the questions that follow:
Colourless gas

Solid N Metal oxide L

Brown gas

(a) Write the formula of the anion present in solid N. (1 mark)

….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Page 5 of 11
(b) Solid N in the flow chart above burns in air with a red flame. Identify the:
(i) Cation present in solid N. (1 mark)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Metal oxide L. (1 mark)
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

15. Excess sulphur(IV) oxide gas was bubbled through a solution of sodium hydroxide containing
phenolphthalein indicator.
(i) State what was observed. (1 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Write an equation for the reaction between sulphur(IV) oxide and sodium hydroxide solution.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
16. State one reagent that can be used to distinguish between each of the pairs of ions and in each case
state what is observed if each ion is treated with the named reagent.

(a) Pb2+(aq) and Al3+(aq) (2 marks)

Reagent:………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Observation:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………......
(b) SO42- (aq) and SO32- (aq) (2 marks)
Reagent:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………......
Observation:
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

17. The set up below was used to investigate the effect of an electric current on molten lead(11) iodide.

Heat

Page 6 of 11
(a) Identify the cathode and anode on the diagram. (1 mark)

(c) Write equations for the reactions at the. (2 marks)

(i) cathode

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) anode

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

18. Carbon(IV) oxide was bubbled through a fairly concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide and no
visible change was observed, but when bubbled through calcium hydroxide for a short time, a white
precipitate was formed. Explain. (2 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
19. Oxygen can be prepared from hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalyst.

(a) Name the catalyst used. (1 mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Write an equation for the formation of oxygen gas. (1 mark)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(c) State a test for oxygen gas. (1 mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

20. In an experiment to study the reaction between steam and magnesium, a piece of magnesium was
cleaned and the experiment carried out as shown in the diagram,

Page 7 of 11
(a) Why was the magnesium ribbon first cleaned. (1 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) State why the cotton wool was heated. (1 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Identify gas F. (1 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

21. The diagram below shows a set-up for the laboratory preparation of dry chlorine gas.

(a) Name:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
(i) substance G. (1 mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) a suitable drying agent. (1 mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) What property of chlorine makes it possible for it to be collected as shown in the diagram? (1 mark)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

Page 8 of 11
22. 20cm³ of sodium carbonate solution was reacted completely with 25 cm³ of a 0.8 M hydrochloric acid
according to the equation.
Na2CO3 (aq) + 2HCl(aq) 2NaCl(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(1)
Calculate the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution in grams per litre. (3 marks)

23. A given volume of gas G diffuses through a membrane in 10 seconds. Under the same conditions of
temperature and pressure, an equal volume of oxygen diffuses through the same membrane in 12.5
seconds. Determine the molecular mass of gas G. (3 marks)

24. A stream of ammonia gas was bubbled in water as shown.

(a) Why was an inverted funnel used? (1 mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(b) State the observation made during the experiment when the blue and red litmus were dipped inside.
(1 mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(c) State one property of the gas. (1 mark)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………......
..........................................................................................................................................................................

Page 9 of 11
25. Draw the structural formula and give the IUPAC names of the following hydrocarbons.
(3 marks)

(a) HCCCH2CH3

(b) CH3C (CH3 )2 CH3

(c) CH3 CHBrCHBr CH(CH3) CH3

26. If 25 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution containing 4.0 g per litre of solution neutralised 50 cm³ of a
monobasic acid, HX containing 1.8 g of acid, calculate the relative formula mass of the acid.
(3 marks)

27. Cynogen is a gaseous compound of carbon and nitrogen only. On complete combustion in oxygen,
250 cm³ of cynogen forms 500 cm³ of carbon(IV) oxide and 250 cm³ of nitrogen. Determine the formula
of cyanogen. (3 marks)

28. a). What conditions make it necessary to extract sulphur by the Frasch process. (1 mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 10 of 11
 b). Hot air at about 15 atmospheres is forced down through the smallest of the three concentric pipes in
the Frasch process. What is the role of hot compressed air? (1 mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

29. A hydrocarbon Q was found to decolourise potassium permanganate solution. When two mole of Q
are burnt completely, six moles of carbon (iv) oxide and six moles of water are formed.
a). Write the structural formula of Q. (1 mark)

b). Name the homologous series to which Q belongs. (1 mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c). Name one industrial source of Q. (1 mark)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

THIS IS THE LAST PRINTED PAGE

Page 11 of 11