Motion in a Straight Line 9

CHAPTER

3 Motion in a
Straight Line
3.3 Average Velocity and Average Speed (a) 40 km/h (b) 48 km/h
(c) 50 km/h (d) 60 km/h. (1990)
1. A particle covers half of its total distance with speed
v1 and the rest half distance with speed v2. Its average 3.4 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed
speed during the complete journey is
7. Two cars P and Q start from a point at the same time
v +v vv
(a) 1 2 (b) 1 2 in a straight line and their positions are represented
2 v1 + v2 by xP(t) = (at + bt2) and xQ(t) = ( f t – t2). At what time
2v1v2 v2v2 do the cars have the same velocity?
(c) (d) 1 2 (Mains 2011)
v1 + v2 v12 + v22 a− f a+ f
(a) (b)
2. A car moves from X to Y with a uniform speed 1+ b 2(b − 1)
vu and returns to X with a uniform speed vd. The a+ f f −a
(c) (d)
average speed for this round trip is 2(1 + b) 2(1 + b) (NEET-II 2016)
vd vu
(a) vu vd (b) 8. If the velocity of a particle is v = At + Bt2, where A
vd + vu
and B are constants, then the distance travelled by it
vu + vd 2vd vu
(c) (d) (2007) between 1 s and 2 s is
2 vd + vu
3 7 A B
3. A car runs at a constant speed on a circular track of (a) A + B (b) +
2 3 2 3
radius 100 m, taking 62.8 seconds for every circular 3
lap. The average velocity and average speed for each (c) A + 4 B (d) 3A + 7B (NEET-I 2016)
2
circular lap respectively is
(a) 10 m/s, 0 (b) 0, 0 9. The displacement ‘x’ (in meter) of a particle of
(c) 0, 10 m/s (d) 10 m/s, 10 m/s. (2006) mass ‘m’ (in kg) moving in one dimension under
the action of a force, is related to time ‘t’ (in sec) by
4. A car moves a distance of 200 m. It covers the first half
t = x + 3. The displacement of the particle when its
of the distance at speed 40 km/h and the second half
velocity is zero, will be
of distance at speed v. The average speed is 48 km/h.
The value of v is (a) 4 m (b) 0 m (zero)
(a) 56 km/h (b) 60 km/h (c) 6 m (d) 2 m
(c) 50 km/h (d) 48 km/h. (1991) (Karnataka NEET 2013)

5. A bus travelling the first one-third distance at a speed 10. A particle shows
of 10 km/h, the next one-third at 20 km/h and at last distance-time curve as
one-third at 60 km/h. The average speed of the bus is given in this figure. The
(a) 9 km/h (b) 16 km/h maximum instantaneous
(c) 18 km/h (d) 48 km/h. (1991) velocity of the particle is
around the point
6. A car covers the first half of the distance between
(a) D (b) A
two places at 40 km/h and another half at 60 km/h.
(c) B (d) C (2008)
The average speed of the car is
10

11. The position x of a particle with respect to time t when its velocity becomes zero is
along x-axis is given by x = 9t2 – t3 where x is in (a) 24 m s–2 (b) zero
metres and t in seconds. What will be the position of (c) 6 m s–2 (d) 12 m s–2 (2012)
this particle when it achieves maximum speed along 18. A particle moves a distance x in time t according to
the +x direction? equation x = (t + 5)–1. The acceleration of particle is
(a) 54 m (b) 81 m (c) 24 m (d) 32 m. (2007) proportional to
12. A particle moves along a straight line OX. At a time t (a) (velocity)3/2 (b) (distance)2
(in seconds) the distance x (in metres) of the particle (c) (distance) –2
(d) (velocity)2/3 (2010)
from O is given by x = 40 + 12t – t3. How long would 19. A particle moving along x-axis has acceleration f, at
the particle travel before coming to rest?  t
(a) 16 m (b) 24 m (c) 40 m (d) 56 m (2006) time t, given by f = f0 1 −  , where f0 and T are
 T
13. The displacement x of a particle varies with time t constants. The particle at t = 0 has zero velocity. In
as x = ae–at + bebt, where a, b, a and b are positive the time interval between t = 0 and the instant when
constants. The velocity of the particle will f = 0, the particle’s velocity (vx) is
(a) be independent of b 1
(b) drop to zero when a = b (a) f T2 (b) f0T 2
2 0
(c) go on decreasing with time
(c) 1 f0T (d) f0T (2007)
(d) go on increasing with time. (2005) 2
14. The displacement-time graph of a moving particle 20. Motion of a particle is given by equation
is shown below. The instantaneous velocity of the s = (3t3 + 7t2 + 14t + 8) m. The value of acceleration
particle is negative at the point of the particle at t = 1 sec is
(a) 10 m/s2 (b) 32 m/s2
(c) 23 m/s 2
(d) 16 m/s2. (2000)
21. The position x of a particle varies with time, (t) as
x = at2 – bt3. The acceleration will be zero at time t
is equal to
(a) E (b) F (c) C (d) D  (1994) a 2a a
(a) (b) zero (c) (d) (1997)
15. Which of the following curve does not represent 3b 3b b
motion in one dimension ? 22. The acceleration of a particle is increasing linearly
with time t as bt. The particle starts from origin with
an initial velocity v0. The distance travelled by the
(a) (b) particle in time t will be
1 1
(a) v0t + bt 2 (b) v0t + bt 2
3 2
1 3 1 3
(c) v0t + bt (d) v0t + bt (1995)
(c) (d)  (1992) 6 3
23. A particle moves along a straight line such
that its displacement at any time t is given by
s = (t3 – 6t2 + 3t + 4) metres. The velocity when the
3.5 Acceleration acceleration is zero is
16. A particle of unit mass undergoes one-dimensional (a) 3 m/s (b) 42 m/s
motion such that its velocity varies according to (c) –9 m/s (d) –15 m/s (1994)
v(x) = bx–2n, where b and n are constants and x is
3.6 
Kinematic Equations for Uniformly
the position of the particle. The acceleration of the
particle as a function of x, is given by Accelerated Motion
(a) –2b2x–2n + 1 (b) –2nb2 e–4n + 1 24. A ball is thrown vertically downward with a velocity
(c) –2nb x2 –2n – 1
(d) –2nb2 x–4n – 1 of 20 m/s from the top of a tower. It hits the ground
(2015 Cancelled) after some time with a velocity of 80 m/s. The height
17. The motion of a particle along a straight line is of the tower is (g = 10 m/s2)
described by equation x = 8 + 12t – t3 where x is in (a) 360 m (b) 340 m
metre and t in second. The retardation of the particle (c) 320 m (d) 300 m (NEET 2020)
Motion in a Straight Line 11

25. A stone falls freely under gravity. It covers distances (a) more than 19.6 m/s
h1, h2 and h3 in the first 5 seconds, the next 5 seconds (b) at least 9.8 m/s
and the next 5 seconds respectively. The relation (c) any speed less than 19.6 m/s
between h1, h2 and h3 is (d) only with speed 19.6 m/s (2003)
(a) h2 = 3h1 and h3 = 3h2
(b) h1 = h2 = h3 34. If a ball is thrown vertically upwards with speed u, the
h h distance covered during the last t seconds of its ascent is
(c) h1 = 2h2 = 3h3 (d) h1 = 2 = 3 1 2
3 5 (a) ut (b) gt
 (NEET 2013) 2
26. A boy standing at the top of a tower of 20 m height 1 2
(c) ut − gt (d) (u + gt)t (2003)
drops a stone. Assuming g = 10 m s–2, the velocity 2
with which it hits the ground is 35. A particle is thrown vertically upward. Its velocity
(a) 10.0 m/s (b) 20.0 m/s at half of the height is 10 m/s, then the maximum
(c) 40.0 m/s (d) 5.0 m/s (2011) height attained by it (g = 10 m/s2)
27. A ball is dropped from a high rise platform at (a) 8 m (b) 20 m (c) 10 m (d) 16 m. (2001)
t = 0 starting from rest. After 6 seconds another ball 36. A car moving with a speed of 40 km/h can be
is thrown downwards from the same platform with stopped by applying brakes after atleast 2 m. If the
a speed v. The two balls meet at t = 18 s. What is the
same car is moving with a speed of 80 km/h, what is
value of v ? (Take g = 10 m/s2)
the minimum stopping distance?
(a) 75 m/s (b) 55 m/s (c) 40 m/s (d) 60 m/s(2010)
(a) 4 m (b) 6 m (c) 8 m (d) 2 m (1998)
28. A particle starts its motion from rest under the
action of a constant force. If the distance covered 37. If a car at rest accelerates uniformly to a speed of
in first 10 seconds is S1 and that covered in the first 144 km/h in 20 s, it covers a distance of
20 seconds is S2, then (a) 1440 cm (b) 2980 cm
(a) S2 = 3S1 (b) S2 = 4S1 (c) 20 m (d) 400 m (1997)
(c) S2 = S1 (d) S2 = 2S1 (2009) 38. A body dropped from a height h with initial velocity
29. A particle moves in a straight line with a constant zero, strikes the ground with a velocity 3 m/s. Another
acceleration. It changes its velocity from 10 m s–1 to body of same mass dropped from the same height h
20 m s–1 while passing through a distance 135 m in t with an initial velocity of 4 m/s. The final velocity of
second. The value of t is second mass, with which it strikes the ground is
(a) 12 (b) 9 (c) 10 (d) 1.8 (2008) (a) 5 m/s (b) 12 m/s
30. The distance travelled by a particle starting from rest (c) 3 m/s (d) 4 m/s. (1996)
4 39. The water drop falls at regular intervals from a tap 5
and moving with an acceleration m s−2 , in the
third second is 3 m above the ground. The third drop is leaving the tap
10 19 at instant the first drop touches the ground. How far
(a) m (b) m (c) 6 m (d) 4 m (2008) above the ground is the second drop at that instant?
3 3
31. Two bodies A (of mass 1 kg) and B (of mass 3 kg) are (a) 3.75 m (b) 4.00 m (c) 1.25 m (d) 2.50 m.(1995)
dropped from heights of 16 m and 25 m, respectively. 40. A car accelerates from rest at a constant rate a for
The ratio of the time taken by them to reach the some time after which it decelerates at a constant
ground is rate b and comes to rest. If total time elapsed is t,
(a) 4/5 (b) 5/4 (c) 12/5 (d) 5/12 (2006) then maximum velocity acquired by car will be
32. A ball is thrown vertically upward. It has a speed of
(α2 − β2 )t (α2 + β2 )t
10 m/sec when it has reached one half of its (a) (b)
αβ αβ
maximum height. How high does the ball rise?
αβt
(Take g = 10 m/s2) (c) (α + β)t (d) (1994)
(a) 10 m (b) 5 m (c) 15 m (d) 20 m (2005) αβ α +β

33. A man throws balls with the same speed vertically 41. The velocity of train increases uniformly from
upwards one after the other at an interval of 20 km/h to 60 km/h in 4 hours. The distance travelled
2 seconds. What should be the speed of the throw so by the train during this period is
that more than two balls are in the sky at any time ? (a) 160 km (b) 180 km
(Given g = 9.8 m/s2) (c) 100 km (d) 120 km (1994)
12

42. A body starts from rest, what is the ratio of the distance 3.7 Relative Velocity
travelled by the body during the 4th and 3rd second ?
46. Preeti reached the metro station and found that
7 5
(a) (b) the escalator was not working. She walked up the
5 7 stationary escalator in time t1. On other days, if she
7 3 remains stationary on the moving escalator, then the
(c) (d)  (1993)
3 7 escalator takes her up in time t2. The time taken by
43. A body dropped from top of a tower fall through her to walk up on the moving escalator will be
40 m during the last two seconds of its fall. The tt tt
(a) 1 2 (b) 1 2
height of tower is (g = 10 m/s2) t2 − t1 t2 + t1
(a) 60 m (b) 45 m t +t
(c) 80 m (d) 50 m (1992) (c) t1 – t2 (d) 1 2 (NEET 2017)
2
44. What will be the ratio of the distance moved by a 47. A bus is moving with a speed of 10 m s–1 on a straight
freely falling body from rest in 4th and 5th seconds of road. A scooterist wishes to overtake the bus in 100 s.
journey ? If the bus is at a distance of 1 km from the scooterist,
(a) 4 : 5 (b) 7 : 9 with what speed should the scooterist chase the bus?
(c) 16 : 25 (d) 1 : 1. (1989) (a) 40 m s–1 (b) 25 m s–1
45. A car is moving along a straight road with a uniform (c) 10 m s –1
(d) 20 m s–1 (2009)
acceleration. It passes through two points P and Q 48. A train of 150 metre length is going towards north
separated by a distance with velocity 30 km/h and direction at a speed of 10 m/s. A parrot flies at the
40 km/h respectively. The velocity of the car midway speed of 5 m/s towards south direction parallel to
between P and Q is the railways track. The time taken by the parrot to
(a) 33.3 km/h (b) 20 2 km/h cross the train is
(a) 12 s (b) 8 s (c) 15 s (d) 10 s (1988)
(c) 25 2 km/h (d) 35 km/h. (1988)

ANSWER KEY
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (d) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (b)
21. (a) 22. (c) 23. (c) 24. (d) 25. (d) 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (b) 29. (b) 30. (a)
31. (a) 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (c) 36. (c) 37. (d) 38. (a) 39. (a) 40. (d)
41. (a) 42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (b) 45. (c) 46. (b) 47. (d) 48. (d)

Hints & Explanations

total distance travelled
1. (c) : Let S be the total distance travelled by the 2. (d) : Average speed =
particle. total time taken
Let t1 be the time taken by the particle to cover first half s+s 2s 2v v
= = = u d .
S/2 S t1 + t2 s s vd + vu
of the distance. Then t1 = = +
v1 2v1 vu vd
Let t2 be the time taken by the particle to cover remaining 3. (c) : Distance travelled in one rotation (lap) = 2pr
half of the distance. Then distance 2πr
S/2 S \ Average speed = =
t2 = = time t
v2 2v2 2 × 3.14 × 100 −1
Average speed, = = 10 m s
62.8
Total distance travelled Net displacement in one lap = 0
vav = net displacement 0
Total time taken Average velocity = = = 0.
S S 2v v time t
= = = 1 2
t1 + t2 S S v1 + v2 4. (b) : Total distance travelled = 200 m
+
2v1 2v2
Motion in a Straight Line 13

100 100 dx d
Total time taken = + Velocity, v = = (t − 3)2 = 2(t – 3)
40 v dt dt
total distance travelled Velocity of the particle becomes zero, when
Average speed =
total time taken 2(t – 3) = 0 or t = 3 s
200 2 At t = 3 s, x = (3 – 3)2 = 0 m
48 = or 48 = 10. (d) : Because the slope is highest at C,
 100 100   1 1
 +  + v 
40 v  40 ds
v = is maximum
1 1 1 1 1 1 5−3 1 dt
or + = or = − = = 11. (a) : Given : x = 9t2 – t3
40 v 24 v 24 40 120 60
dx d
or v = 60 km/h Speed v = = (9t 2 − t 3 ) = 18t − 3t 2 .
dt dt
5. (c) : Total distance travelled = s dv
For maximum speed, = 0 ⇒ 18 − 6t = 0
s /3 s /3 s /3 \ t=3s dt
Total time taken = + +
10 20 60 \ xmax = 81 m – 27 m = 54 m
s s s 10s s 12. (a) : x = 40 + 12t – t3
= + + = =
30 60 180 180 18 dx
total distance travelled \ Velocity, v = = 12 − 3t 2
Average speed = dt
total time taken dx
When particle come to rest, =v=0
s dt
= = 18 km/h
s /18 \ 12 – 3t2 = 0 ⇒ 3t2 = 12 ⇒ t = 2 sec.
6. (b) : Total distance covered = s Distance travelled by the particle before coming to rest
s 2 2 2
Total time taken =
s / 2 s / 2 5s
+ = =
s 2 3t 3
40 60 240 48 ∫ ∫
ds = vdt or s = ∫ (12 − 3t )dt = 12t −
3
0 0 0 0
total distance covered s = 12 × 2 – 8 = 24 – 8 = 16 m.
\ Average speed =
total time taken dx − αt
s 13. (d) : x = ae–at + bebt ; = −aαe + bβeβt
= = 48 km/h dt
 s  v = –aae + bbe
–at bt
 48  Velocity will increases with time
7. (d) : Position of the car P at any time t, is ds
dx (t )
14. (a) : The velocity (v) =
dt
xP(t) = at + bt2; vP (t ) = P = a + 2bt ...(i)
dt Therefore, instantaneous velocity at point E is negative.
Similarly, for car Q,
dxQ (t ) 15. (b) : In one dimensional motion, the body can
xQ(t) = ft – t2; vQ (t ) = = f − 2t ...(ii) have one value of velocity at a time but not two values of
dt
velocities at a time.
Q vP(t) = vQ(t) (Given)
\ a + 2bt = f – 2t or, 2t(b + 1) = f – a 16. (d) : According to question, velocity of unit mass
varies as
f −a
∴ t= v(x) = bx–2n…(i)
2(1 + b) dv
= − 2nβx
−2n − 1 …(ii)
8. (a) : Velocity of the particle is v = At + Bt2 
dx
ds Acceleration of the particle is given by
= At + Bt 2 ; ∫ ds = ∫ (At + Bt
2
)dt
dt dv dv dx dv
At 2 t3 a= = × = ×v

∴ s= + B +C dt dx dt dx
2 3 Using equation (i) and (ii), we get
A B 8 a = (–2nbx–2n – 1) × (bx–2n) = –2nb2 x–4n – 1
s(t = 1 s) = + + C ; s(t = 2 s) = 2 A + B + C
2 3 3 17. (d) : Given : x = 8 + 12t – t3
Required distance = s(t = 2 s) – s(t = 1 s) dx
 8  A B  3 7 Velocity, v = = 12 − 3t 2
= 2A + B + C  −  + + C  = A + B dt
 3  2 3  2 3 When v = 0, 12 – 3t2 = 0 or t = 2 s
9. (b) : Given t = x + 3 or x = t − 3 dv
a= = − 6t
Squaring both sides, we get dt
x = (t – 3)2 a|t = 2 s = –12 m s–2
14

Retardation = 12 m s–2 When t = 0, x = 0 ⇒ C = 0.

18. (a) : Distance, x = (t + 5)–1 ...(i) bt 3
i.e., distance travelled by the particle in time t = v0 t + .
dx d 6
Velocity, v = = (t + 5)−1 = – (t + 5)–2 ...(ii) 23. (c) : Displacement (s) = t3 – 6t2 + 3t + 4 m.
dt dt
dv d ds
Acceleration, a = = [−(t + 5)−2 ] Velocity (v) = = 3t2 – 12t + 3
dt dt dt dv
= 2(t + 5)–3 ...(iii) Acceleration (a) = = 6t – 12.
From equation (ii), we get dt
v3/2 = – (t + 5)–3 ...(iv) When a = 0, we get t = 2 seconds.
Substituting this in equation (iii), we get Therefore velocity when the acceleration is zero is
Acceleration, a = – 2v 3/2 or a ∝ (velocity)3/2 v = 3 × (2)2 – (12 × 2) + 3 = – 9 m/s
From equation (i), we get 24. (d) : Here, u = 20 m/s, v = 80 m/s, g = 10 m/s2, h = ?
x3 = (t + 5)–3 v2 = u2 + 2gh
Substituting this in equation (iii), we get ⇒ 802 = 202 + 2 × 10 × h
Acceleration, a = 2x3 or a ∝ (distance)3 Hence, h = 300 m
Hence option (a) is correct. 25. (d) : Distance covered by the stone in first 5 seconds
19. (c) : Given : At time t = 0, velocity, v = 0. (i.e. t = 5 s) is
 t 1 25
Acceleration f = f0 1 −  h1 = g (5)2 = g ...(i)
 T 2 2
 t Distance travelled by the
At f = 0, 0 = f0 1 − 
 T stone in next 5 seconds
Since f0 is a constant, (i.e. t = 10 s) is
t 1 100
∴ 1 − = 0 or t = T . h1 + h2 = g (10)2 = g ...(ii)
T dv 2 2
Also, acceleration f = Distance travelled by the stone in next 5 seconds
dt
vx t =T T
t
(i.e. t = 15 s) is

∴ ∫ dv = ∫ fdt = ∫ f0 1 − T  dt h1 + h2 + h3 =
1
g (15)2 =
225
g ...(iii)
0 t =0
T
0 2 2 
 f t2  f T2 1 Subtract (i) from (ii), we get
∴ vx =  f0t − 0  = f0T − 0 = f0T . 100 25 75
 2T  2T 2 (h1 + h2 ) − h1 = g− g= g
0
ds 2 2 2
20. (b) : = 9t 2 + 14t + 14 75
dt h2 = g = 3h1 ...(iv)
d2 s 2
⇒ = 18 t + 14 = a Subtract (ii) from (iii), we get
dt 2 225 100
at = 1s = 18 × 1 + 14 = 32 m/s2 (h1 + h2 + h3 ) − (h2 + h1 ) = g− g
2 2
21. (a) : Distance (x) = at2 – bt3 125
dx d h3 = g = 5h1...(v)
Therefore velocity (v) = = (at 2 − bt 3 ) = 2at – 3bt2 2
dt dt From (i), (iv) and (v), we get
dv d h h
Acceleration = = (2at − 3bt 2 ) = 2a – 6bt = 0 h1 = 2 = 3
dt dt 3 5
2a a 26. (b) : Here, u = 0, g = 10 m s–2, h = 20 m
or t = =
6b 3b Let v be the velocity with which the stone hits the ground.
2
22. (c) : Acceleration ∝ bt. i.e., d x = a ∝ bt \ v2 = u2 + 2gh
dt 2 or v = 2 gh = 2 × 10 × 20 = 20 m/s [ u = 0]
2
Integrating, dx = bt + C 27. (a) : Let the two balls meet after t s at distance x
dt 2 from the platform.
Initially, t = 0, dx/dt = v0 For the first ball, u = 0, t = 18 s, g = 10 m/s2
dx bt 2 1
Therefore, = + v0 Using h = ut + gt 2
dt 2 2
1
bt 3 ∴ x = × 10 × 182 ...(i)
Integrating again, x = + v0 t + C 2 
6 For the second ball, u = v, t = 12 s, g = 10 m/s 2
Motion in a Straight Line 15

1 2 Time of ascent = T
Using h = ut + gt
2 21
1 So, H = uT − gT
∴ x = v × 12 + × 10 × 122 ...(ii) 2
2 Distance covered by ball in time (T – t) sec.
From equations (i) and (ii), we get 1
1 1 y = u(T − t ) − g (T − t )2
× 10 × 182 = 12v + × 10 × (12)2 2
2 2 So distance covered by ball in last t sec.,
1
or 12v = × 10 × [(18)2 − (12)2 ] h=H–y
2  1   1 
1 1 × 10 × 30 × 6 = uT − gT 2  − u(T − t ) − g (T − t )2 
12v = × 10 × 30 × 6 or v = = 75 m/s  2   2 
2 × 12 u
2 By solving and putting T = we will get
g
28. (b) : Given u = 0. 1
h = gt 2 .
1 2
Distance travelled in 10 s, S1 = a ⋅102 = 50a
2 35. (c) : For half height,
1 h
Distance travelled in 20 s, S2 = a ⋅ 202 = 200a 102 = u2 − 2 g ...(i)
2 2
\ S2 = 4S1 For total height,
29. (b) : v2 – u2 = 2as 0 = u2 – 2gh ...(ii)
Given v = 20 m s–1, u = 10 m s–1, s = 135 m From (i) and (ii)
400 − 100 300 10 2 gh
∴ a= = = m/s2 ⇒ 102 = ⇒ h = 10 m
2 × 135 270 9 2
v − u 10 m/s 36. (c) : 1st case v2 – u2 = 2as
v = u + at ⇒ t = = =9s 2
a 10  100 
m/s2 0− = 2 × a × 2 [Q 40 km/h = 100/9 m/s]
9  9 
30. (a) : Distance travelled in the 3rd second 104
= Distance travelled in 3 s – distance travelled in 2 s. a = − m/s2
81 × 4
As, u = 0, 2
200   104 
1 1 1
S(3rd s) = a ⋅ 32 − a ⋅ 22 = ⋅ a ⋅ 5 2nd case : 0 −  = 2 × − ×s
 9    81 × 4 
2 2 2
4 −2 1 4 10 [ 80 km/h = 200/9 m/s]
Given a = m s ; ∴ S(3rd s) = × × 5 = m or s = 8 m.
3 2 3 3
37. (d) : Initial velocity u = 0,
31. (a) : Time taken by a body fall from a height h to
Final velocity = 144 km/h = 40 m/s and time = 20 s
2h Using v = u + at ⇒ a = v/t = 2 m/s2
reach the ground is t =
g 1 1
Again, s = ut + at 2 = × 2 × (20)2 = 400 m.
2hA 2 2
tA g hA 16 4 38. (a) : Initial velocity of first body (u1) = 0;
∴ = = = = . Final velocity (v1) = 3 m/s and initial velocity of second
tB 2hB hB 25 5 body (u2) = 4 m/s.
g v2 (3)2
Height (h) = 1 = = 0.46 m
32. (a) : As, v2 = u2 – 2gh 2 g 2 × 9. 8
After reaching maximum height velocity becomes zero. Therefore required velocity of the second body,
h 200
0 = (10)2 − 2 × 10 × ∴ h= = 10 m v2 = u22 + 2 gh = (4)2 + 2 × 9.8 × 0.46
2 20
33. (a) : Interval of ball thrown = 2 s = 5 m/s
If we want that minimum three (more than two) balls 39. (a) : Height of tap = 5 m. For the first drop,
remain in air then time of flight of first ball must be 1 1
greater than 4 s. 5 = ut + gt 2 = × 10t 2 = 5t 2 or t = 1 s
2u 2 2
T > 4 sec or > 4 sec ⇒ u > 19.6 m/s. It means that the third drop leaves after one second of the
g
first drop, or each drop leaves after every 0.5 s. Distance
34. (b) : Let total height = H covered by the second drop in 0.5 s
16

1 2 1 45. (c) : s
= gt = × 10 × (0.5)2 = 1.25 m P L Q
2 2
v
Therefore distance of the second drop above the ground 30 km/h 40 km/h
= 5 – 1.25 = 3.75 m Let PQ = s and L is the midpoint of PQ and v be velocity
40. (d) : Initial velocity (u) = 0; acceleration in the first of the car at point L.
phase = a; deceleration in the second phase = b and total Using third equation of motion, we get (40)2 – (30)2 = 2as
time = t. (40)2 − (30)2 350
or a = = .....(i)
When car is accelerating then 2s s
final velocity (v) = u + at = 0 + at1 s
Also, v2 − (30)2 = 2a
v 2
or t1 = and when car is decelerating,
α v 350 s
then final velocity 0 = v – bt or t2 = or v2 − (30)2 = 2 × × [Using (i)]
β s 2
v v or v = 25 2 km/h
Therefore total time (t) = t1 + t2 = +
α β 46. (b) : Let v1 is the velocity of Preeti on stationary
1 1 β + α  α βt escalator and d is the distance travelled by her
t =v + =v   or v =
α β  αβ  α +β d
∴ v1 =
41. (a) : Initial velocity (u) = 20 km/h; t1
Final velocity (v) = 60 km/h and time (t) = 4 hours. Again, let v2 is the velocity of escalator
velocity (v) = 60 = u + at = 20 + (a × 4) d
∴ v2 =
60 − 20 t2
or, a = = 10 km/h2.
4 \ Net velocity of Preeti on moving escalator with
Therefore distance travelled in 4 hours is respect to the ground
1 1 d d t +t 
s = ut + at 2 = (20 × 4) + × 10 × (4)2 = 160 km v = v1 + v2 = + =d 1 2 
2 2 t1 t2  t1t2 
42. (a) : Distance covered in nth second is given by The time taken by her to walk up on the moving escalator
a
sn = u + (2n − 1) will be
2 tt
a 7a d d
Here, u = 0. ∴ s4 = 0 + (2 × 4 − 1) = t= = = 12
2 2 v t +t  t +t
a 5a s4 7 d 1 2  1 2
s3 = 0 + (2 × 3 − 1) = ∴ =  tt 
12
2 2 s3 5
43. (b) : Let h be height of the tower and t is the time 47. (d) : Let vs be the velocity of the scooter, the distance
taken by the body to reach the ground. between the scooter and the bus = 1000 m,
Here, u = 0, a = g The velocity of the bus = 10 m s–1
1 1 Time taken to overtake = 100 s
∴ h = ut + gt 2 or h = 0 × t + gt 2
2 2 Relative velocity of the scooter with respect to the bus =
1 2 .....(i) (vs – 10)
or h = gt
2 1000
Distance covered in last two seconds is ∴ = 100 s ⇒ vs = 20 m s−1 .
(vs − 10)
1 1 1 2 1 2
40 = gt 2 − g (t − 2)2 or 40 = 2 gt − 2 g (t + 4 − 4t ) 48. (d) : Choose the positive direction of x-axis to be
2 2
or 40 = (2t – 2)g or t = 3 s from south to north. Then
From eqn (i), we get velocity of train vT = +10 m s–1
1 velocity of parrot vP = –5 m s–1
h = × 10 × (3)2 or h = 45 m
2 Relative velocity of parrot with respect to train
44. (b) : Distance covered in nth second is given by = vP – vT = (– 5 m s–1) – (+ 10 m s–1)
a
sn = u + (2n − 1) = –15 m s–1
2 i.e. parrot appears to move with a speed of 15 m s–1 from
Given : u = 0, a = g
g 7g north to south
∴ s4 = (2 × 4 − 1) = \ Time taken by parrot to cross the train
2 2
g 9g s 7 150 m
s5 = (2 × 5 − 1) = ∴ 4= = = 10 s
2 2 s5 9 15 m s−1
vvv