land , soil, natural vegetation

Worksheet
Class 8
(Geography)
Land ,Soil, Water, NaturalVegetation, and wildlife Resources
NUTSHELL FROM FOOTPRINTS
Answer the following.
Q1 How does the parent Rock affect soil character?
Ans1. The parent Rock affects soil character because—
1) It determines the basic characteristics of the soil.
2) The inorganic elements and minerals in the soil is similar to those
contained in the parent rock.
Q2. Give one reason why land is kept fallow.
Ans2 land is kept fallow because a land, without any crops growing
on it, recovers its fertility, moisture content and texture.
Q3 Name the three factors that determine the demand for
freshwater resources.
Ans3. The three factors that determine the demand for freshwater
resources are population , standard of living and economic
development.
Q4-Which are the two main climatic factors responsible for soil
formation?
Ans-Temperature and rainfall.
Q5Write any main reasons for land degradation today?

Ans-Reasons for
land degradation (any two)
a)Soil Erosion b)Soil Depletion
c)Handslides d)Rain wash
e)Deforestation f)Floods
Q6 Write down some steps that government has taken to conserve

plants and animals?
Ans-Steps taken by government to conserve plants and animals are:
a)Setting up of national parks, wildlife, sanctuaries,
biosphere reserves.
b)Conservation of creeks, lakes, and wetlands.
c)Ban on killing, hunting and poaching.
d) Awareness programs like social forestry and Van mahotsav have
been started to encourage the sense of protection at the regional
and community level.
e) Various international institutions like c i t e s and PETA are
established to protect various animals species , birds and natural
vegetation
Q7The vast change in the land use pattern is associated with the
cultural change. Explain briefly.
Ans7(1) In the urban areas people have started encroachment of the
common lands to build commercial complexes and housing
complexes.
(2) In the rural areas they cut down the forests to expand agriculture
land.
Q8 Explain any three measures to stop soil erosion.
Ans5 (1) Terrace Farming:: In this type of forming terraces are made
on steep slopes to grow crops.
(2) Shelter belts :: In an open or farm land , we make shelter of trees
along the side of farm land or an open land
(3) Contour ploughing :: it means ploughing along the contours over
a hill.
Q9. What is the difference between topsoil and subsoil?

Ans11. Top soil
1. The top soil is found in the A-horizon of the soil.
2. Organic material and mineral material decompose here to form a
layer of humus.
Sub soil
1. Sub soil is found in the B- horizon of the soil.
2. It has very little organic material in it but the mineral material of
the original rock is heavily weathered.
Q10 Describe the different horizons of the soil profile.
Ans12. The different horizons of the soil profile are
1. A--horizon: It is composed of topsoil. Nutrients and water
available for plant is found in this horizon.
2. B--horizon:: It comprises the subsoil .It has little organic material in
it although it contains whethered mineral matter of the parent rock.
3.C- horizon : It is composed of loose parent Rock material that has
undergone little weathering.
4. D -- horizon: It is the lower most horizon and it is called the
bedrock.
Q1 - Why is land considered an important resource?
Ans - Land is an important resource because it provides surface for

agriculture, living, forestry, industries, construction, etc. Most activities
take place on land.
Q2 - Suggest five ways to conserve water.
Ans – 1:Rainwater harvesting: It is a method of collecting water while it

rains so that it may come of use in the future.
2:The canals used for irrigation should be properly built so that loss of
water does not take place while the water is transported to the field.
3:In dry regions, drip or trickle irrigation is suggested.
4:Forest and other vegetation cover
5.Drip or Trickle method of irrigation in dry areas.
Q3 Draw fig 2.4 in notebook.
Q4. Explain briefly the various factors responsible for soil formation.
Ans4.1. Parent Rock— It It determines the colour and texture of the soil.
2. Climate—- It plays a role in disintegrating Hard Rock into soil particles

with the help of weathering.
3.Topography— Altitude and slope of a place determine the accumulation

of soil.
4.Time— It determines the thickness of the soil profile.
5. Organic Material— Flora, fauna and microorganisms help in decaying

small rock particles into soil and affect the rate of humusformation.

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Worksheet

Q5Write any main reasons for land degradation today?

Q6 Write down some steps that government has taken to conserve

Q9. What is the difference between topsoil and subsoil?

Ans - Land is an important resource because it provides surface for

Q2 - Suggest five ways to conserve water.

Ans – 1:Rainwater harvesting: It is a method of collecting water while it

3:In dry regions, drip or trickle irrigation is suggested.

4:Forest and other vegetation cover

5.Drip or Trickle method of irrigation in dry areas.

Q3 Draw fig 2.4 in notebook.

2. Climate—- It plays a role in disintegrating Hard Rock into soil particles

3.Topography— Altitude and slope of a place determine the accumulation

4.Time— It determines the thickness of the soil profile.

5. Organic Material— Flora, fauna and microorganisms help in decaying

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