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Experiment No.15

Experiment no 15

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10 views5 pages

Experiment No.15

Experiment no 15

Uploaded by

nightangel2313
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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University of Technology

Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering Department


Laser Engineering Branch
Power electronics 2011-2012

Experiment No.15
DC-DC Converters
Experiment aim
The aim of Experiment is to analyze the operation (Switching) of DC-DC
converter with resistive load.
Apparatus
1. Power electronic trainer
2. Connection wires
3. Oscilloscope
4. AVO meter
Theory
Modern electronic systems require high-quality, small, lightweight, reliable, and
efficient power supplies. Linear power regulators, whose principle of operation is
based on a voltage or current divider, are inefficient. This is because they are
limited to output voltages smaller than the input voltage, and also their power
density is low because they require low frequency (50 or 60 Hz) line transformers
and filters.
The higher the operating frequency, the smaller and lighter the transformers,
filter inductors, and capacitors. In addition, the dynamic characteristics of
converters improve with increasing operating frequencies.
High-frequency electronic power processors are used in dc-dc power
conversion. The functions of dc-dc converters are:
- to convert a dc input voltage VS into a dc output voltage VO;
- to regulate the dc output voltage against load and line variations;
- to reduce the ac voltage ripple on the dc output voltage below the required
level;
- to provide isolation between the input source and the load (isolation is not
always required);

1
University of Technology
Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering Department
Laser Engineering Branch
Power electronics 2011-2012

Step-Down dc-dc Converter


The step-down dc-dc converter, commonly known as a buck converter, is
shown in Figure below. It consists of dc input voltage source VS, controlled switch
S, diode D, filter inductor L, filter capacitor C, and load resistance R. The state of
the converter in which the inductor current is never zero for any period is called the
continuous conduction mode (CCM). It can be seen from the circuit that when the
switch S is commanded to the on state, the diode D is reverse-biased. When the
switch S is off, the diode conducts to support an uninterrupted current in the
inductor.
(Vs - Vo) DT = Vo(1 - D)T
The output voltage and current are:
Vo = D Vs
And Is = DIo
The ripple inductor current I is:
DVs 1  D
I 
fL
The ripple capacitor voltage is:
DVs 1  D
Vc 
8CLf 2

2
University of Technology
Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering Department
Laser Engineering Branch
Power electronics 2011-2012

iL
I2
IL
I1

Step-Up (Boost) Converter


It consists of dc input voltage source VS, boost inductor L, controlled switch S,
diode D, filter capacitor C, and load resistance R. The converter waveforms in the
CCM are shown in figure below.
When the switch S is in the on state, the current in the boost inductor increases
linearly and the diode D is off at that time. When the switch S is turned off, the
energy stored in the inductor is released through the diode to the output RC circuit.

3
University of Technology
Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering Department
Laser Engineering Branch
Power electronics 2011-2012

Vs DT = (Vo -Vs) (1 - D)T

4
University of Technology
Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering Department
Laser Engineering Branch
Power electronics 2011-2012

The output voltage and current are:


Vs
Vo 
1- D
Io
And Is 
1- D

The ripple inductor current I is:


DVs
I 
fL
The ripple capacitor voltage is:
Io Vo  Vs  Io D
Vc  
VofC fC

Procedure
1. Connect the step-down dc-dc converter circuit on the power electronic
trainer.
2. Turn on the power
3. Plot the waveforms of control circuit used to regulate the output voltage
4. By use oscilloscope, plot the inductor voltage and output waveforms on the
graph paper.
5. Measure the average output voltage by connects the AVO meter across load
resistance.
6. Turn off the power
7. Repeat step (3, 4) with L=10mH.
8. Turn off the power
9. Connect the step-down dc-dc converter circuit.
10. Repeat steps (2-7).

Discussion and calculations


1. Compare between the practical and theoretical results for inductor and output
voltages and currents.
2. Design a high voltage power supply for CO2 laser, when the optical output
power is 8watt. The current and voltage electronically highly stabilized DC
power unit has a nominal output 50mA and 5kV. Pumping under optimal
conditions (maximum laser output), a current of 18mA at 3.0 kV is observed.
3. Explain the control circuit used to regulate the output voltage.
5

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