bb extra notes

ANTI-M REACTS BEST WITH M+N- (homozygous) ADSORPTION - removal of unwanted Ab
ELUTION - removal or isolation the important Ab (for

research purposes) but the sample should be first (+) in
M-N- = shows resistance to Plasmodium falciparum
DAT before proceeding to the process
merozoite infx
Aside from GEL TECHNOLOGY, we also have SOLID

principle of blood typing & gel technology
PHASE TECHNOLOGY, AFFINITY COLUMN TECHNOLOGY
HEMAGGLUTINATION - AGGREGATION BW RBC (Gamma React), and LUMINEX but those three are not
ANTIGEN & ANTIBODY used in the lab setting here in the PH
WASHED RBC - blood to be transfused to avoid RBC SURVIVAL RATE/RBC MASS RECOVERY
POLYAGGLUTINATION or in px w it
75% - post transfusion
80% - deglycerolized
PCH
85% - leukoreduced/leukopoor
- presence of IgG auto-anti-P (DONATH LANDSTEINER
AUTO AB)
mechanism:
Preservatives - already incorporated in the blood bag
COLD TEMP. - AUTO AB ATTACHES TO THE RBC
units
WARM TEMP. - COMPLETE ACTIVATION OF
Additives - added after the removal of plasma or
COMPLEMENT AND HEMOLYSIS
platelets. Already placed in the blood bag satellites
Rejuvesol - added after the expiration of blood unit (not

DRUG INDUCED AUTO ANTIBODIES - generally directed more than 3 days)
to Rh antigens
e.g., MEFENAMIC ACID - auto-anti-Rh

4 TYPES OF BLOOD DONATION
Methyldopa/Aldomet - auto-anti-Kidd
1. Allogeneic - most common; random recipient/px
2. Direct - to a specific px
High frequency/incidence Kell antigen = k, Kpb , Jsb
3. Autologous - safest blood to tranfuse
low frequency/incidence Kell antigens = K, Kpa ,Jsa
4. Apheresis
Associated with HLA:

Blood collection: 16 gauge (pink)
-ISBT 017 CHIDO/ROGERS
Transfusing blood: 18 gauge
-Benneth goodspeed antigens
NEUTRALIZATION - neutralize or inactivate interfering

Ab
Angle of needle (donor bleeding): 45 degree angle 1 SDP = 6-8 RDPs (or 4-6 RDPs)
then, once in skin, reduced to 10-20 degree angle
if may sickle cell anemia, therapeutic

erythrocytapheresis is recommended. RBC exhange =
STANDARD BLOOD UNIT
tanggal rbcs containing hgb S (do not transport O2
63 mL anticoag + 450mL blood anymore so might as well as remove it) to healthy rbcs.
ratio - anticoag:blood = 1:7 HGB S = forms sickle RBCs,
if ma trap sa spleen = will destroy it (necrosis), AUTO

SPLENOCTOMY
Maximum allowable blood to be collected = 525 mL
most common cause of death in px w sickle cell anemia
= infectious/bacterial crisis, immunocompromised px
Blood bag TAGS
Green = Autologous Minimum amount of contaminating RBCs

Yellow = Directed allowed/accepted in leukapheresis = 2mL
PREGNANCY AND DELIVERY Deferral for creating platelet product - dapat naka rest muna for
1-2 hours prior to agitation and good for 5 days
After delivery / full term = 6 weeks or 9 mos. (PH)
Abortion/Miscarriage during the 1st & 2nd trimester =

no deferral Washed RBCs purposes = to prevent:
Abortion/Miscarriage during the 3rd trimester = 6 Allergic TR, Anaphylactic TR, Px w polyagglutination, Px
weeks or 9 mos. (PH) w IgA negative PNH (Paroxysmal Nocturnal
Hemoglobinuria), and Aplastic anemia
Received blood during pregnancy or child delivery = 12
mos/1 year
FFP = correct multiple coagulation factor deficiency in
cases of DIC, liver dse, Vit. K def., and fibrinolytic
TWO USES OF APHERESIS disorders
1. for donation purposes (donation apheresis)
2. therapeutic application (u are the patient) CRYOPRECIPITATE = primary indication for px w

fibrinogen def. (like ito 1st OPTION, dapat blood
component ibigay)
SINGLE DONOR PLATELET
last resort lang sa hemophilia A (FACTOR VIII na dito)
- platelet concentrate collected through apheresis and in px w VWB dse
- should be suspended to 10-20 mL plasma

RANDOM DONOR PLATELET
- manually prepared from WB using light spin followed CRYO-POOR = NO vWF

by heavy spin
phases of crossmatch: but REMEMBER!
- saline phase / IS AUTOLOGOUS IS THE SAFEST BLOOD TO TRANFUSE
- incubation phase
- AHG phase GOOD2KNOW:
EPINEPHRINE - is given to px who's having anaphylactic

transfusion reaction; also the last resort to revive or
ZETA POTENTIAL
keep the px alive
RBCs do have zeta potential = the force in bw para di
mag dikit sa isa't isa (like the magnet, they repel each
other) - natural RBC repulsive effect Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) - to know if the px is
having TACO
kaya we use potentiators (mga nag-ddecrease sa zeta
potential like LISS, 22% Albumin, etc. etc.) para mabilis ratio or the cutoff point should be 1.5
ma-bind ng antibodies ang mga RBCs
if more <1.5 = dx TACO
Abbreviated Crossmatch =
PLATELET PRODUCTS = blood component that is most
we can modify immediate spin, to do this, do blood commonly assoc. w transfusion related to sepsis (due to
typing then need muna mag Ab screen, followed by IS. the fact that many bacteria grow in room temp than ref
temp)
in PH = we do not do this, bc we dont do Ab screen in
the first place.
Green colored plasma doesn't mean contamination of

P. aeruginosa, bc this organism doesn't grow in ref
What is considered as massive transfusion?
temp. It is rather assoc. w BILIVERDIN
- 8-10 RBC units to an adult px in <24 hours
- 4-5 RBC units in 1 HOUR (acute administration)

Ca, Mg = electrolytes affected in citrate toxicity
BB REF TEMP = 1-6 C

*HTLV II - assoc. w hairy cell leukemia
INCREASED HGB / HCT = SUCCESSFUL TRANSFUSION

SYNTHETIC VOLUME EXPANDERS = - used as an
DECREASED HGB / HCT = MAY BE HEMOLYSIS
alternative component in cases of EMERGENCY
TRANSFUSION if blood is not available
Rh BGS = MOST SEVERE OF HDFN
during emergency cases: ABO BGS = MOST COMMON CAUSE OF HDFN (before
was Rh BGS not until the invention of RhoGAM)
1st = "O" Rh neg, Packed RBC
2nd = Synthetic Volume Expanders

RHOGAM - it only protects from Rh HDN, not to other
BGS
- administered 72 hours after childbirth, acts as a shield

of the fetal rbcs, instead na gagawa pa ng Anti-D ang Rh
neg na mother, RHogam will be the one to coat the fetal
rbcs (parang it cancels out lang)
*Kleihauer-Betke test
- for Hgb F, assess the resistance of the Hgb in acid

environment
hgb f resists acid denaturation
- uses citrate
- uses eosin as counterstain
- if deeply stained = withstand acidic environment
fetal rbcs - will be deeply stained (deep red/pink color)

contains Hgb F
maternal rbcs - will appear as ghost cells
AN ALLOANTIBODY = ANTI-D
- antibodies that need sensitization/exposure first

before producing
ABO IS NOT AN ALLOANTIBODY but naturally occuring

antibodies
CORD SAMPLE / FETAL BLOOD = specimen for

diagnosing/detection of HDFN
MOTHER'S SERUM = sample used for crossmatching to

know the compatability prior intrauterine and exchange
transfusion

bb extra notes

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

bb extra notes

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

bb extra notes

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ANTI-M REACTS BEST WITH M+N- (homozygous) ADSORPTION - removal of unwanted Ab

ELUTION - removal or isolation the important Ab (for

Aside from GEL TECHNOLOGY, we also have SOLID

Rejuvesol - added after the expiration of blood unit (not

e.g., MEFENAMIC ACID - auto-anti-Rh

Associated with HLA:

NEUTRALIZATION - neutralize or inactivate interfering

then, once in skin, reduced to 10-20 degree angle

if may sickle cell anemia, therapeutic

ratio - anticoag:blood = 1:7 HGB S = forms sickle RBCs,

if ma trap sa spleen = will destroy it (necrosis), AUTO

Green = Autologous Minimum amount of contaminating RBCs

Abortion/Miscarriage during the 1st & 2nd trimester =

2. therapeutic application (u are the patient) CRYOPRECIPITATE = primary indication for px w

- should be suspended to 10-20 mL plasma

- manually prepared from WB using light spin followed CRYO-POOR = NO vWF

- saline phase / IS AUTOLOGOUS IS THE SAFEST BLOOD TO TRANFUSE

- AHG phase GOOD2KNOW:

EPINEPHRINE - is given to px who's having anaphylactic

Green colored plasma doesn't mean contamination of

- 4-5 RBC units in 1 HOUR (acute administration)

BB REF TEMP = 1-6 C

INCREASED HGB / HCT = SUCCESSFUL TRANSFUSION

Rh BGS = MOST SEVERE OF HDFN

2nd = Synthetic Volume Expanders

- administered 72 hours after childbirth, acts as a shield

- for Hgb F, assess the resistance of the Hgb in acid

hgb f resists acid denaturation

- uses eosin as counterstain

- if deeply stained = withstand acidic environment

fetal rbcs - will be deeply stained (deep red/pink color)

maternal rbcs - will appear as ghost cells

- antibodies that need sensitization/exposure first

ABO IS NOT AN ALLOANTIBODY but naturally occuring

CORD SAMPLE / FETAL BLOOD = specimen for

MOTHER'S SERUM = sample used for crossmatching to

You might also like