VELAMMAL IIT AND MEDCIAL ACADEMY

GENETICS-BOTANY
INTRODUCTION 6.Among the given pea plant traits identify the
1.Gregor Mendel conducted hybridisation odd one
experiments: (1) Violet flower (2) Yellow seed
(1) Seven years (1865-1872) (3) Yellow pod (4) Axial flower position
(2)Sevenyears(1856- 7.Statement-I :- Mendel's experiments had a
1863) large sampling size, which gave greater
(3) Seven years (1853-1860) credibility to the data that he collected.
(4) Fourteen years (1853-1867) Statement-II : Mendel selected 14 true-
2.Variations are : breeding pea plant varieties, as pairs which
(1) Degree by which progeny differs from were similar except for one character with
their parents contrasting traits.
(2) Degree by which progeny similar to their (1) Both statement I and statement II are false
parents (2) Both statement I and statement II are true
(3) Process by which characters are passed on (3) Statement I is true but statement II is false
from parent to progeny (4) Statement I is false but statement II is true
(4) True breeding lines 8.Which one of the following Mendelian trait
3.Mendel selected pea plant because : controlling unit is expressed in homozygous
(1) The flower structure of pea is such as to condition only?
allow uncontrolled breeding. (1) Axial flower
(2) Pea flower normally remain open and (3) Yellow pod
undergo self - pollination. (2) Yellow seed
(3) It is an annual plant with short life span (4) Smooth seed
and gives result within 3 months. 9. Which of the following traits in garden pea
(4) Small number of seeds are produced per plants express in both homozygous and
pea plant. heterozygous condition ?
4.Regarding to pair of dominant and recessive (a) White flower colour
trait respectively, which of the following (b) constricted pod shape
combination is wrong (c) Yellow seed colour
(1) Flower colour - Violet / white (d) Wrinkled seed shape
(2)Flower position - Axial / terminal (e) Green pod colour
(3) Pod shapeInflated/ constricted (1) only (c)
(4) Seed colour - Green / yellow (2) only (c) and (e)
5.Which of the following is not a reason for (3) a, c and e
Mendel’s success (4)a,bandd
(1)largesamplingsize MONOHYBRID CROSS
(2) Mathematical and statistical analysis of 1.Given below are two statements
results Statement-I : Mendel selected 14 true-
(3) Study of all the characters at a breeding pea plant varieties, as pairs.
time Statement-II : A pairs was similar except for
(4) Acurate data and recordofexperiments one character with contrasting traits.
(1) Statement I and II both are correct
(2) Statement I and II both are incorrect 9.What results Mendel would have got when
(3) Only Statement I is correct self-pollinated a impure tall F 1garden pea
(4) Only Statement II is correct plant ?
2.Law of segregation is also called law of : (1) All tall plants
1) Probability (2) All drwarf plants
(2)Purityofgametes (3) Tall and dwarf plants in 3 : 1 ratio
(3) Random fertilization (4) Tall and dwarf plants in 1 : 1 ratio
(4)Independentassortment Segregation
(2) (Gametes) TEST CROSS
3.For a given character, a gamete is always : 1.A plant shows dominant phenotype and its
(1) Homozygous (2) Pure genotype is to be determined by :
(3) Hybrid (4) Heterozygous (1) Reciprocal croos (2) Test cross
4.Genotypic ratio of monohybrid cross is : (3) Out cross (4) Selfin
1:2:1 2.Mendel crossed tall plant from F2 with a
(1) TT : tt (2) TT : Tt : tt dwarf plant to test genotype of it. This is
(3) TT : Tt : tt (4) TT : Tt : tt called
5.A pure tall pea plant is crossed with dwarf. (1) Out cross (2) Test cross
This cross produces 400 offsprings. (3) Selfing (4) Monohybrid cross
How many of them are heterozygous tall? 3.Which of the following can be explained on
(1) 200 (2) 100 (3) 400 (4) 300 A pure tall the basis of law of segregation
6.pea plant is crossed with pure dwarf pea (1) Character controlled by discrete units,
plant and their proegny is self pollinated. called factors
The ratio of pure tall and pure dwarf plants (2) Factors occur in pair
will be: (3) Alleles do not show any blending
(1) 3 : 1 (2) 1 : 3 (3) 1 : 1 (4) 1 : 0 (4) All of the above
7.Assertion : Mendel founds that the 4.In which of following process allelic pairs did
phenotype of F 1heterozygote Tt to be not segregate
exactly like the TT parent in appearance. :(1) Inheritance of one gene (mendelian
Reason : In a pair of dissimilar factors one monohybrid cross)
dominants the other. (2) Inheritance of two genes (Mendelian
(1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and dihybrid cross)
Reason is correct explanation of Assertion (3) Interaction between gene
(2) Both Assertion and Reason are true and (4) Non disjunction
Reason is not correct explanation of Assertion 5.
(3) Assertion is true Reason is false
(4) Assertion is false Reason is true
8.Which of the following is true for progenies
of F 2generation of monohybrid cross :
(1) 75% pure and 25%
impure
(2) 25% pure and 75%
impure
(3) 50% pure and 50% impure 6.Which of the following statement is incorrect
(4) 87.5% pure and 12.5% impure (1) Genes which code for a pair of
contrastin traits are known as alleles.
 (2) The production of gametes by the parents, two, then it is case of
the formation of the zygotes, the F2 and (1) Multiple allele (2) Incomplete dominance
F2 plants can be understood from a diagram (3) Co-dominance (4) Dominance
called Punnett square. 7.When a pea plant with intermediate sized
(3) Genotypic ratio at F2 in monohybrid cross starch grain in seed is crossed with other plant
is 1 : 2 : 1. having small sized starch grain in seed, the
(4) In a Mendelian monohybrid cross in total number of seeds obtained in progeny is
garden pea plants 4 types of phenotype are 630. What is correct for this progeny ?
obtained at F 2 (1) 330 (large size), 330 (small size)
7.Mendelian monohybrid test cross ratio is : (2) 330 (small size), 330 (medium size)
(1) 3 : 1 (3) 315 (intermediate size), 315 (small size)
(2) 1 : 1 (4) 158 (large size), 158 (small size), 314
(3) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 (intermediate size)
(4) 1 : 2 : 1 8.Assertion : Dominance is not an autonomous
feature of gene.
CODOMINANCE/INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE Reason : Dominance depends on gene product
1.When both alleles of a pair are fully and particular phenotype that we choose to
expressed in a heterozygote, they are called examine, incase of pleiotropic gene.
(1) Lethals (2) Co-dominants (1) Both Assertion & Reason are True & the
(3) Semi-dominants (4) Recessive allele Reason is a correct explanation of the
2.Alleles are present on : Assertion.
(1) Same chromosome (2) Both Assertion & Reason are True but
(2) Non homologus chromosomes Reason is not a correct explanation of the
(3) Different locus of homologus chromosomes Assertion.
(4) Same locus of homologus chromosomes (3) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
3.The phenotypic ratio of 3 : 1 in F generation (4) Both Assertion & Reason are False.
of a monohybrid cross is explained by : 9.Correctly match column-I with column-II
(1) Law of dominance Column-I Column-II
(2) Law of independent assortment (A) Incomplete
(3) Law of paired factors dominance (i) Skin colour in human
(4) Test cross (B) Co-dominance (ii) Phenylketonuria
4.The modified allele is not equivalent to the (C) Pleiotropy (iii) 'AB' blood group
unmodified allele when it produce ? (D) Polygenic
(1) A normal enzyme inheritance (iv) Flower colour in
(2) A non functional enzyme snapdragon
(3) No enzyme at all (1) A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i
(4) Both (2) and (3) (2) A-iv, B-iii, C-i, D-ii
5.When modified allele is equivalent to (3) A-iv, B-ii, C-iii, D-i
unmodified allele then it will produce (4) A-iii, B-iv, C-ii, D-i
(1) Recessive phenotype 10. When a pink flowered Antirrhinum plant is
(2) Different phenotype test crossed, then phenotypic ratio in resulting
(3) Same phenotype progenies is
(4) Modified phenotype (1) 1 Red : 1 White (2) 3 Red : 1 White
6.When phenotype of F1 does not resemble (3) 2 Pink : 1 White (4) 1 Pink : 1 White
either of the two parents and is in between the
11.Heterozygous tall and violet flowered pea (B) Rr × rr (ii) 3 : 1
plants were selfed and total 512 seeds are (C) Rr Yy × Rr Yy (iii) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
collected. What will betotal number of seeds (D) Rr Yy × rr yy (iv) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
for both heterozygous traits? (1) A-ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i (2) A-i, B-iii, C-ii, D-iv
(1) 128 (2) 256 (3) 384 (4) 64 (3) A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i (4) A-ii, B-i, C-iv, D-iii
12.In incomplete dominance 7.The number of genotypes produced when
(1) Dominant trait is completely expressed in individuals of genotype 'YyRrTt' are crossed
F1 generation with each other is : –
(2) Phenotypic and genotypic ratio are (1) 4 (2) 45 (3) 28 (4) 27
different 8.A plant with genotype RrYy is crossed with
(3) Two dominant alleles are needed to other plant having genotype Rryy. Find out
express the complete dominant trait probability of offspring which have RRYY
(4) F1 individuals have the equal traits of genotype.
both parent (1) 1/8 (2) 2/8 (3) 1/2 (4) 0
DIHYBRID CROSS/LINKAGE 9.In a Mendelian dihybrid cross in garden pea
1.If two tall plants are crossed and the plants, 1024 plants were obtained in
progenty has some dwarf plants. What must F2 generation. How many plants will show
be the genotype of these tall plants (parents) ? dominant traits for both characters ?
(1) Tt, Tt (2) TT, Tt (3) tt, TT (4) TT, TT" (1) 576 (2) 64 (3) 384 (4) 256
2.When two pairs of traits are combined in a 10.F1 progeny of Mendelian dihybrid cross
hybrid, segregation of one pair of traits is produces
independent of the other pair of traits". This (1) Two types of pollen grains
explains (2) Four genotypes of gametes
:(1) Law of dominance (4) Four types of pollens only
(2) Law of segregation (3) Two types of eggs
(3) Law of independent assortment 11.Two sets of diagrams are given here :
(4) Postulate of paired factors
3.How my types of gametes are formed by an
organism of genotype RRyyttGg?
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 8
4.In dihybrid mendelian cross, how many types
of genotype and phenotype will be obtained
?
Which of the following option is correct
(1) 4 and 9 respectively
1) I – Explains law of segregation II – Explains
(2) 16 and 4 respectively
law of dominance
(3) 9 and 4 respectively
(2) Both I and II explain law of segregation
(4) 4 and 16 respectively
(3) I – Explains law of segregation II –
5.Which of the following types of gamete will
Explains law of independent assortment
not be produced normally by genotype
(4) I – Explains law of segregation II –
AaBbCc ?
Explains nondisjunction
(1) AbC (2) ABc (3) aBC (4) aBb
12.A diploid organism is heterozygous for 3
6.Match the following and choose the correct
loci,how many types of gamete can be
combination from the option given :
produced
Column-I Column-II (
(1) 4 (2) 8 (3) 16 (4) 32
A) Rr×Rr (i) 1:1
13.Match the following and choose the correct
combination from the option given below :
Column-I Column-II
(A) Tt × Tt (i) 1 : 1
(B) Tt × tt (ii) 3 : 1
(C) TtRr × TtRr (iii) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
(D) TtRr × ttrr (iv) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
(1) A-ii, B-i, C-iv, D-iii
(2) A-iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii
(3) A-ii, B-i, C-iii, D-iv
(4) A-ii, B-iv, C-i, D-iii
14.Mark the odd one (w.r.t. F2 generation of
Mendelian dihybrid cross)
(1) Frequency of TtRR genotype = 12.5%
(2) Frequency of ttrr genotype = 6.25%
(3) Frequency of TTRR genotype = 6.25%
(4) Frequency of ttRr genotype = 25% (1) 37.2 cM (2) 62.8 cM
15.When Mendel self hybridised the F1 plants (3) 1.3 cM (4) 98.7 cM
(RrYy), he found that dominant and recessive
traits of one character are segregated in a 19.Which of the following statement
1)2:1 2)3:1 3)1:1 4)3:1 regarding the linkage of genes is not correct ?
16.Which of the following is a parental type (1) The strength of linkage is determined by
of progeny obtained by Morgan, while the distance between the two genes.
carring out dihybrid cross ? 2) The strength of linkage is directly
proportional to the distance between two
genes
(3) The two genes are said to be linked when
they fail to show independent
assortment (4) Both (1) & (3)
20.Experimental verification of the
17.Gene A and B are linked and 24 cM apart chromosomal theory of inheritance was done
on chromosome. An offspring of parents AAbb by:
and aaBB will produces what percent of (1) Morgan (2) Mendel
various gametes? (3) Sutton (4) Boveri
(1) 38% AB, 12% Ab, 12% aB, 38% ab. 21.Genes which are tightly linked on
(2) 12% AB, 38% Ab, 38% aB, 12% ab chromosome show
(3) 24% AB, 26% Ab, 26% aB, 24% ab :
(4) 26% AB, 24% Ab, 24% aB, 26% ab. (1) Very low recombination
18.Study the given figure and find out : (2) High recombination
What will the distance between gene of white (3) Very low parental combination
eye and miniature wing ? (4) Clear cut independent assortment
22.Number of linkage group in rice and pea is
and respectively
 (1) 17 and 7 (3) 12 and 7 (d) Both genes segregate independently of
(2) 12 and 1 (4) 10 and 7 each other
23.A dihybrid test cross produced the Select the correct set of statements :
following offsprings AB/ab 960 (1) (a) & (b) only (2) (b) & (c) only (3) (b) &
Ab/ab60 (d) only (4) (c) & (d) only
aB/ab40 28.(A)___ used the frequency of
ab/ab 940 recombination between gene pairs on the
What is the distance between gene A and B? ___(B)___ as a measure of the
(1) 5 map units distance between genes and mapped their
(2) 100 map units position on the chromosome.
(3) 20 map units (A) (B)
(4) 10 map units (1) Morgan Same chromosome
24.What is the sequence of genes on (2) Sturtevant Different chromosomes
chromosome if frequency of crossing over (3) Morgan Different chromosomes
between A-B is 20%, (4) Sturtevant Same chromosome
A-C is 15%, B-C is 5%, 29.How many types of gametes will be
A-D is 10% and B-D is 30%? produced by a O two genes (y+ and w+) on
(1) A B C D (2) C B D A X-chromosome?
(3) D A C B (4) D A B C
25.Recombination frequency between gene a
and b is 5% between b and c is 20% between
a and c is 25% Find out sequence of these
gene on linear chromosome.
(1) a c b (2) a b c
1)2 2)4 3)1 4)8
(3) b a c (4) c a b
26.Fruit flies are one of the best materials for
genetic studies because of all, except REDISCOVERY/MULTIPLEALLEL
(1) Ability to grow on simple synthetic medium 1.In 1900 A. D. three biologists independently
in the laboratory discovered Mendel's principles. They are :-
(1) De Vries, Correns and Tschermak
(2) Short life span
(2) Sutton, Morgan and Bridges
(3) Production of a large number of progeny
(3) Avery, McLeod and McCarthy
in each mating
(4) Bateson, Punnet and Bridges
(4) Presence of few externally visible and
2.Genes which code for a pair of contrasting
identifiable contrasting traits
27.Morgan hybridised yellow-bodied, white- traists are known as
eyed females to brown-bodied, red-eyed (1) Allele (2) Trait
males and intercrossed their (3) Hybrid (4) Genotype
3.The figure below shows the chromosome
F1 progeny. He observed that
segregation during germ cells formation with
(a) F2 ratio was deviated very significantly
four stages labelled as (A), (B), (C) and (D).
from the 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 ratio
Select thright option giving all the four stages
(b) Both genes did not segregate
correctly identified
independently of each other
(c) Recombinant types are not obtained in F2
generation
 8.A man of 'A' blood group whose mother
have 'O' blood group marry with 'B' blood
group woman, whose father have 'O' blood
group then find out the possible blood group
in their children ?
(1) Only A (2) Only B
(3) Only O (4) A, B, AB and
9.Mendel published his work on inheritance of
characters in 1865 but it remained
unrecognised till 1900 because
(a) He could not provide any physical proof
for the existence of factors
(b) His concept of factors as stable, discrete
units that controlled the expression of traits did
4.Behaviour of chromosome is parallel to not fi acceptance from the contemporaries
behaviour of gene is given by (c) Mendel's approach of using mathematics to
(1) Sutton and Boveri explain biological phenomena was totally old
(2) Mendel (d) Communication was not easy (as it is now)
(3) Hershey and Chase (1) (a), (b) & (c) are correct
(4) T.H. Morgan (2) (c) & (d) are correct
5.Multiple alleles can be found only when : –– (3) (a), (b) & (d) are correct
(1) Population studies are made (4) Only (a) is correc
(2) Individual study is made 10.Which of the following statement for
(3) Mutation is absent chromosomal theory of inheritance is incorrect?
(4) Dominance is present (1) Pairing and separation of a pair of
6.The three different alleles of human ABO chromosomes would lead to the segregation of
blood types will produce how many genotypes a factor they carried
& phenotypes respectively– (2) Behaviour of chromosomes is parallel to
(1) 4 & 6 (2) 6 & 4 (3) 6 & 6 (4) 4 & 4 the behaviour of genes
7.Match the Column-I with their description in (3) The two alleles of a gene pair are located
Column-II and choose the correct on homologous sites on homologous
option Column-I Column-II chromosomes
(a) Dominance (i) F1 resemble to either of the (4) Chromosomes as well as genes occur in
two parents pairs
(b) Codominance (ii)A single gene influences GENEINTERACTION
many characters
(c) Incomplete dominance (iii) F1 resemble both 1.The phenomenon in which allele of one gene
of the two parents supress the activity of an allele of another
(d) Pleiotropy (iv) F1 resembles none of the gene is known as :
parents (1) Epistasis (2) Duplicate gene
(1) (a) (b) (c) (d) 3) Dominance (4) Dominance
(1) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii) 2.Two non allelic genes located on single
(2) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii) chromosome can show :
(3) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii) (1) Dominant-recessive relation
(4) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i) (2) Segregation
(3) Independent assortment (3) A, B & C are correct
(4) Linkage (4) Only A is correct
3.When yellow body, white eyed female 2.There are three genes a, b, c
Drosophila was crossed with wild type of male percentage of crossing over between a
Drosophila by morgan, then what was the and b is 20%, b and c is 28% and a
percentage of recombinants in f 2generation? and c is 8%. What is the sequence of
(1) 62.8% (2) 37.2% (3) 98.7% (4) 1.3% genes on chromosome
4.Correctly match column I with column II (1) b, a, c (2) a, b, c (3) a, c, b (4) None
3.A test cross of F 2flies +a/+b
produced the following offspring ++/ab
= 9 ab/ab = 9 +b/ab = 41 a+/ab
= 41 What will be distance between
linked gene :–
(1) 82 cM (2) 18 cM (cis)
(3) 20 cM (4) 18 cM (trans
4.Two pairs with independently assorting
genes with two alleles each, A/a and
B/b, determines plant height additively in
a population. The homozygote AABB is
with 50 cm tall and the homozygote
aabb is 30 cm tall. What will be the F 2
frequency of the 40-cm plants ?
(1) 6/16 (2) 4/16 (3) 1/16 (4) 2/16
(1) A-ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i 5.How many statement are incorrect for
(2) A-ii, B-iii, C-i, D-iv DrosophilaMelanogaster
(3) A-iii, B-ii, C-i, D-iv A) They complete their life cycle in about
(4) A-ii, B-iii, C-iv, D-i 20 weeks.
5.Skin colour in human is example of ? (B) They could produce a large number
(1) Polygenic inheritance iof progenies in a single mating.
(2) Monogenic quantitative inheritance (C) They have many types of hereditary
(3) Incomplete Dominance variations that can be seen with low
(4) Co Dominance power microscope.
(D) Complete linkage is present in female
MORE THAN ONE OPTION Drosophila. (1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 2 (4) 1
1.Read the following statements. 6.Read the following statement.
(A) Simply looking at the phenotype of a (A) For monohybrid cross, Mendel selected
dominant trait, it is impossible to know the 14 true breeding pea plant varieties, as
genotypic composition pairs which were similar except for two
(B) Mendel selected 14 true breeding characters with contrasting traits.
pea plant varieties (B) Mendel's experiments had a large
(C) On the basis of monohybrid crosses,
sampling size, which gave greater
Mendel proposed only one conclusion.
credibility to the data that he collected.
(1) A & B are correct & C is incorrect
(C) A true breeding line is one that having
(2) A is incorrect
 undergone continuous self pollination,
shows the stable trait inheritance and
expression for several generations.
(D) Law of dominance does not explain the
proportion of 3 : 1 obtained at the F2 of
monohybrid cross.
How many statements given above are
correct.
(1) One (2) Two
(3) Three (4) Four

KEY
INTRODUCTION
1.2 2.1 3.3 4. 5.3

6.3 7.2 8.3 9.2 10.

MONOHYBRID CROSS
1.1 2.2 3.2 4.4 5.2

6.3 7.1 8.3 9.3 10.

TEST CROSS
1.2 2.2 3.3 4.3 5.1
6.4 7.2 8. 9. 10.
CODOMINANCE/INCOMPLETEDOMINANCE
1.2 2.4 3.1 4.4 5.3
6.2 7.3 8.1 9.1 10.4
11.1 12.3 13.
DIHYBRID CROSS/LINKAGE
1.1 2.3 3.2 4.3 5.4
6.4 7.4 8.1 9.4 10.2
11.3 12.2 13.1 14.4 15.2
16.2 17.2 18.3 19.2 20.3
21.1 22.3 23.2 24.3 25.2
26.4 27.1 28.2 29.4 30.

REDISCOVERY/MULTIPLEALLELES
1.1 2.1 3.2 4.1 5.1
6.2 7.2 8.4 9.3 10.1

GENEINTERACTION
1.1 2.4 3.2 4.4 5.1
MORE THAN ONE OPTION
1.1 2.1 3.1 4.2 5.2
6.2