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    4th January

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    Saurav Chatterjee

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    4th January

    Uploaded by

    Saurav Chatterjee
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    1 views4 pages

    4th January

    Uploaded by

    Saurav Chatterjee

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    4TH JANUARY

    Isaac Newton –
    Born: January 4, 1643
    Died: March 31, 1727
    Famous for: Laws of motion, universal gravitation

    Isaac Newton was one of the most influential physicists and mathematicians in history, renowned for
    his groundbreaking contributions to classical mechanics, optics, and mathematics. He formulated the
    three laws of motion, which form the foundation of classical mechanics, and introduced the universal
    law of gravitation, explaining the motion of celestial bodies. In optics, he demonstrated that white
    light is composed of a spectrum of colours. He also developed calculus independently,
    revolutionizing mathematics. His seminal work, Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687),
    unified terrestrial and celestial mechanics, shaping the scientific revolution and laying the
    groundwork for modern physics and astronomy.
    4TH JANUARY

    Erwin Schrödinger –
    Born: August 12, 1887
    Died: January 4, 1961
    Famous for: Schrödinger equation, quantum theory

    Erwin Schrödinger was an Austrian physicist celebrated for his foundational contributions to
    quantum mechanics. He formulated the Schrödinger equation, a fundamental equation describing
    how quantum states of physical systems evolve over time. This wave equation introduced the
    concept of wave functions, which provide probabilities for a particle's position and momentum.
    Schrödinger's work revolutionized our understanding of atomic and subatomic systems and earned
    him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1933. He is also famous for the "Schrödinger's cat" thought
    experiment, which illustrates quantum superposition and the paradoxes of quantum mechanics. His
    contributions profoundly shaped modern physics and quantum theory.
    4TH JANUARY

    Brian Josephson –
    Born: January 4, 1940
    Famous for: Josephson effect, quantum tunneling

    Brian Josephson is a renowned physicist famous for his theoretical prediction of the Josephson effect
    in 1962. This quantum phenomenon describes the flow of supercurrent between two
    superconductors separated by a thin insulating barrier, even in the absence of a voltage. His work
    provided key insights into quantum tunneling and the behavior of superconductors. The Josephson
    junction, based on this effect, has become a critical component in technologies like superconducting
    quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), used for ultra-sensitive magnetic field detection. For his
    groundbreaking contribution, Josephson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973, making him
    a pivotal figure in condensed matter physics.
    4TH JANUARY

    Martinus Veltman – Born: June 27, 1931


    Died: January 4, 2021
    Famous for: Contributions to the theory of gauge interactions and quantum field theory

    Martinus Veltman was a Dutch theoretical physicist celebrated for his significant contributions to
    particle physics. He, along with his student Gerard 't Hooft, developed a mathematical framework
    that provided a consistent way to renormalize gauge theories, particularly the electroweak theory,
    which unifies electromagnetism and the weak nuclear force. Their work laid the groundwork for
    understanding fundamental particle interactions and predicting the existence of the Higgs boson.
    This achievement earned them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1999. Veltman's contributions were
    instrumental in shaping the Standard Model of particle physics, one of the most successful theories
    describing the universe's fundamental forces.

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