MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Each question has 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and (d). Choose and write the correct option.
I. The HCF of two numbers 65 and 104 is 13. If LCM of 65 and 104 is 40x, then the value of xis
[CBSE 2024(30/4/1)]
(a) 5 (b) 13 (c) 40 (d) 8

2. The exponent of 5 in the prime factorisatio n of 3750 is [CBSE 2021-22, Term-1(30/2/4)]

(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
 3. Let a and b be two positive integers such that a= p3q4 and b = p2q3 , where p and
q are prime
=
number s. If HCF (a, b) p"'q" and LCM (a, b) = prq', then (m + n)(r + s) =
[CBSE Sample Paper 2023]
(a) 15 (b) 30 (c) 35 (d) 72
4. If 3 is the least prime factor of number a and 7 is the least prime factor of number
b, then the
least prime factor of (a + b) is
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 10
5. If sum of two number s is 1215 and their HCF is 81, then the possibl e number of
pairs of such
number s are [CBSE Sample Paper 2021-22, Term-I]
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
6. If LCM (x, 18) = 36 and HCF (x, 18) = 2, then xis [CBSE Sample Paper 2021-22 , Term-I]
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
7. If two positive integer s a and b are written as a =
x3y2 and b =
xy 3 , where x, y are prime
number s, then the result obtaine d by dividin g the produc t of the positive integer s
by the LCM
(a, b) is [CBSE Sample Paper 2024]
(a) xy (b) xy 2 (c) x 3y3 (d) x2y 2
8. The LCM of the smalles t prime numbe r and the smalles t odd compos ite numbe
r is
[CBSE 2024(30/5/3)]
(a) 10 (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 18
9. The HCF and the LCM of 12, 21, 15 respect ively are [CBSE 2020(30/1/1)]
(a) 3, 140 (b) 12, 420 (c) 3, 420 (d) 420, 3
= 13 then LCM (26, 169) is
-
10. If HCF (26, 169)
(a) 26 (b) 52 (c) 338 (d) 13
11. A numbe r of the form sn, where n is a natural numbe r greater than 1, cannot be divisible by
[CBSE Questio n Bank]
(a) I (b) 40 (c) 64 2
(d) 2 n

12. If p2 = !! ,
then p is a/an [CBSE 2023(30/6/1)]
(a) whole numbe r (b) integer (c) rational number (d) irration al number
13. Three bulbs red, green and yellow flash at interva ls of 80 seconds , 90 seconds
and 110 seconds .
All three flash togethe r at 8 : 00 am. At what time will the three bulbs flash at togeth •
er again.
(a) 9: 00 am (b) 9: 12 am (c) 10: 00 am (d) 10: l2 am

Selec t Resp onse Type MCQ s

14. Which of these numbe rs can be express ed as a produc t of two or more prime
number s?
(i) 15 (ii) 34568 (iii) (15 X 13)
(a) only (ii) (b) only (iii) (c) only (i) and (ii) (d) all-(i), (ii) and (iii)
15. The produc t of two irration al number s is
(i) irration al (iii) neither rational nor irration al number
(ii) rationa l
(a) only (i) (c) both (i) and (ii) (d) only (iv)
(b) only (ii)
16. 1245 is a factor of the number s p and q.
Which of the following will always have 1245 a factor?
(ii) p X q (tu) p + q
(i) p + q '
(h) only (i) a11d (ii) (1;) only (ii) and (iii)
<oJ ,,u)y(i1)
 these can DEFINITELY be ex
17. / ; is a natural number such that n > 1. Whi ch of
. as l
prod uct of prim es?
(i) ,/ii (ii) n (iii) /f
(b) only (i) and (ii)
(a) only (ii)
(d) cann ot be dete rmin ed without n
(c) all-(i ), (ii) and (iii)
ral number. Which of these CAN be true£
18. The HCF of k and 93 is 31, wher e k is a natu or SOM£
VALUES of le?
(ii) k is a mult iple of 93.
(i) k is a mult iple of 31.
(iv) k is an odd number.
(iii) k is an even num ber.
(b) only (i), (ii) and (iii)
(a) only (ii) and (iii)
(d) all-(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) only (i), (iii) and (iv)
Answers
2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (b)
1. (b)
9. (c) 10. (c) 11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (d)
8. (d)
15. (c) 16. (b) 17. (b) 18. (c)

Qt Solutions
1. Given: HCF (65, 104) = 13 and LCM (65, 104) _ 40x
We know that LCM x HCF = Prod uct of two num
bers
40x X 13 = 65 X 104
65 X 104
X = 40 X 13 = 13 2 3750
:. Opti on (b) is corre ct. 3 1875
5 625
=2 X 54
D
2. 3750 3 X
5 125
Expo nent of 5 is 4. 5 25
:. Opti on (b) is corre ct. 5 5
3. a = p3q4, b = p2q3 1
So, LCM (a, b) = p q and HCF (a, b) = p q
3 4 2 3

But LCM (a, b) = prrf and HCF (a, b) = pmqn

Now (m + n).(r + s) = (2 + 3)(3 + 4) = 5 x 7 = 35
:. Opti on (c) is corre ct.
4. Since, 3 is the least prim e facto r of a.
a is an odd num ber.
Again, 7 is the least prim e facto r of b.
b is also an odd num ber.
(a + b) is an even num ber, beca use sum of two
odds is even.
:.
So, least prim e facto r of (a + b) is 2.
: . Opti on (a) is corre ct.
Six and Sly.
5. Since HCF = 81, two num bers can be take n as
Acco rding to ques tion, 121s .. =15 ]
X + y = 15
81 x + 8 ly = 1215 • 81 I
which gives four co-pri1ne pair s-
{ 1, 11);( 2, J~1);(4, 11); (7,8 )
: . C)pdo u (,) i~ co1Te<.:t.
 6. LCM x HCF = Product of two numbers
36 X 2 = 18 XX X = 4
:. Option (c) is correct.
7. Given, a = x 3y2 and b = x,, 3
LCM = x 3y3 (Highest power of variables)
We know that product of two numbers= product of their HCF and LCM
3
:. x y2 X x,, 3 = HCF (a, b) x x 3y3
x3y2 X X,,3
HCF (a, b) = 3 3
HCF (a, b) = x,, 2
xy
2
So, result obtained by dividing the product of a, bis their HCF which is equal to x,, .
:. Option (b) is correct.
8. Given, smallest prime number = 2 and smallest odd composite number = 9
So, LCM (2, 9) = 18
:. Option (d) is correct.
9. 12 = 2 x 2 x 3 and 15 = 3 x 5 and 21 = 3 x 7
:. HCF (12, 21, 15) = 3 and LCM (12, 21, 15) = 22 x 3 x 5 x 7 = 420
:. Option (c) is correct.
10. HCF (26, 169) = 13
26 169
LCM(26, 169) = ; = 338
3
:. Option (c) is correct.
11. sn = (2 3 )n = 2 3n which can never end at 0, hence can not be divisible by 40.
:. Option (b) is correct.
2
12. We have, p
2
=
32
50
16
= 25 = s2
4

p= : , which is of the from : , b -I 0 and a, b are co-prime

So, it is a rational number.
:. Option (c) is correct.
13. Using prime factorisation, we have
= 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 5 = 24 x 5 and 90 = 2 x
80 3 x 3 x 5 =2 x 32 x 5 and
110 = 2 X 5 X 11 = 2 1 X 51 X 11 I
So, LCM (80, 90, 110) = 24 x 3 2 X 5 x 11 minutes
1 1

2 4 X 3 2 X 5 X 11 .
:. All three bulbs flash together after = 60
m1ns

= 132 mins = 2 hour and 12 mins

Hence, three bulbs flash at together again at 10: 12 am.
:. Option (d) is correct.
14. All the three options can be expressed as a product of two or more prime numbers.
: . Option (d) is correct.
15. l.,he product of two irrational numbers may be rational or irrational.
For example, (3 + /2 )(3 - ~/2) = 9 - 2 = 7 is rational and ./2 (3 + /2) = .fi. + 2 is irrationul.
:. <)ption (c) is correct.
 16. 1245 is a factor of p and q.
1245 is a factor ofp + q andp x q. [For ~xample 3 is factor of 6 and 9
3 is factor of 3+6 and 3 X6 also]
:. Option (b) is correct.
17. Since Jn is a natural number.
• n must be a perfect square number.
For example ./9 = 3 is a prime numbers
and 9 =3 X 3 also a product of prime numbers
So, In and n can be expressed as a product of primes.
:. Option (b) is correct.
18. Given HCF (k, 93) = 31, where k is a natural number.
Since HCF is 31 then k can be 31 and is an odd number.
Again the value can be 62 which is an even number.
So, option (i), (iii) and (iv) can be true for some values of k.
:. Option (c) is correct. I
T
qi
(v COMPETENCY FOCUSED QUESTIONS
Multiple Choice Questions
Choose and write the correct option in the fallowing questions.
1. Let x =: be a rational number, such that the prime factorization of q is not of the form t'S",
where n, m are non-negative integers. Then which of the following statements is correct:
(a) x has a decimal expansion which is terminating.
(b) x has a decimal expansion which is non-terminating non-repeating
(c) x has a decimal expansion which is non-terminating repeating.
(d) None of these.
2. If a and bare odd prime numbers such that a> b, then correct statement is
2 b2 • • b
(a) a 2 - b2 is an odd number (b) a - 1s a pnme num er
2 2
(c) a2 -b2 is an odd prime number (d) a -b is an even number ,
. • ts n black-board as given belo,,
3. In mathematics class of X, Mr Singh writes four statemen °
Which one is true statement:
I
(a) 72n - 4 2n is always divisible by 7, if n is natural number.
2 2 d 13 ·r • atural nun1ber.
(b) 7 n - 4 n is always divisible by both 5 an , 1 n is n
2
(c) 7 n - 42n is always divisible by both 3 an
d 11 ·r • tural number.
, 1 n is na
(d) 72n - 4 2n is always divisible by 17, if n is natural number. . uestion? If n is allY
· th ect to the given q
4. Which of the following is the correct match WI resp
natural number, then 6n - 5n always ends with
(A) 11 (i) as 6 + 5 = 11, ends with 11. r, _ 1.
6
(B) 1 (ii) as 6 + 5 = 11 ends wi 1. th . d respectively aocl _,-
6n 5n nds with 6 an 5
(C) 0 (iii) as for any n E N, , e d with 0.
(D) 1 (iv) as 5n X 5n = 30n and 30" always__en s
(a) (A) (i) (b) (B) (in)
4 11
(c) (C) (ii) (d) (D) (i )
 5. Is 9 + ./2 an irrational number?
1o a-9b /2.
(a) Yes, because if 9 + 12 = : , where a and bare integers and b * 0, then v-" = b , but 2

is an irrational number. So, 9 + 12 i=- : •

9
(b) Yes, because if 9 + 12 = b,
a where a and b are integers and b * 0, t h en v-" = ~ -: a , but

12 is an irrational number. So, 9 + /2. i=- : •

1o 9b- a /2.2
(c) No, because if 9 + /2. = : , where a and bare integers and b * 0, then v-" = b , but

is an irrational number. So, 9 + /2. i=- : .

a . 1o _ 9b + a /2.2
(d) No, because if 9 + ./2 = b, where a and bare integers and b * 0, then v 2 - b , but

is an irrational number. So, 9 + ./2 i=- : .

Assertion-Reason Questions
The following questions consist of two statements-Assertion(A ) and Reason(R). Answer these
questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and Rare true and R is the correct explanation for A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation for A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
6. Assertion (A): The number 5n cannot end with the digit 0, where n is a natural number.
Reason (R) : Prime factorisation of 5 has only two factors, I and 5. [CBSE 2023(30/5/l)]
7. Assertion (A) : 2 is a prime number.
Reason (R) : The square of an irrational number is always a prime number.
[CBSE Practice Paper 2023]
8. Assertion (A): The perimeter of MBC is a rational number. A

Reason (R) : The sum of the squares of two rational numbers is

always rational. 2cm

B 3cm C
Case Study Based Question
9. A seminar is being conducted by an Educational Organisation, where the participants will be
educators of different subjects. The number of participants in Hindi, English and Mathematics
are 60, 84 and 108 respectively. [CBSE Question Bank]
I
·nformation ' answer the following questions:
Based on t h e above 1
(i) Write the LCM of 60, 84 and 108.
(ii) If in each room the same numbe~ of partici pants are to_ ~e seated
and all of the1n being in
the same subject, what is the maxim um numbe r of paruc1pants that can be acconunodated
in each room.
(iii) (a) Write the produc t of HCF and LCM of 60,84 and 108.
OR
(b) What is the minim um numbe r of rooms requir ed during the
event?

• Solutions of Competency Focused Questions

I. As xis a rationa l numbe r.
inator x is of the
Then x has termin ating decin1al expans ion if the prime factorisation of denom
form 2"5"'.
But here its not true so x is non-te rminat ing decimal expans ion.
ion.
Again since x is a rationa l numbe r then it should be repeat ing decimal expans
.... Option (c) is correc t.
t.1.and bare odd prime numbe rs and a> b.
! and b2 also be odd numbe rs.
know that differe nce of two odd numbe rs always return s an even number.
2 is an even numbe r as a > b.
~
(40 is correc t.
a" - b" is always divisible by (a - b).
d b = 4 2 i.e., a = 49 and b = 16
-16) = 33
ys divisible by 3 and 11, where n is natura l number.

ml'lln1 send with 6 and 5n will end with 5.

with6 -5 =1
• • tional then
number, becaus e if we suppos e on the contrar y that It IS ra
e integers, b :,: 0.
a -9b . I
, but /2 is an irrational and b is rauona •

9 + /2 is an irration al number.
u1r~1l
• ts of 2m X 5" , where man d u'are ua
~ffl C0nSIS . l' 't 0,
factor so it can not end with c ,gt
because 5 has only one priane fartor.
 A) is true as 2 is prime number
7. Here, (
i
t
and (R) is false as square of an irrational number may or may not be a prime.
l~ l~ j
at~q l :. Option (c) is correct.
' From figure, AC = J4 + 9 = /13
=
A
8.
,' . p ·meter of MBC = 2 + 3 /13 = 5 + /13 is an irrational.
. . en
2cm
Ii So, (A) is false but (R) is true.
f :. Option (d) is correct. 2 60,84, 108
(i) LCM (60, 84, l 08) = 2 X 2 X 3 X 5 X 7 X 9 2 30,42,54 B
9. 3cm C
= 3780 3 15,21,27
5, 7, 9
(ii) Maximum number of participants that can be accommodated in each room
of the = HCF (60, 84, 108)
60 = 2 X 2X 3 X 5 = 22 X 3 X 5 2 60 2 84 2 108
84 = 2X 2X 3 X 7 = 22 X 3 X 7 2 30 2 42 2 54
-
108 = 2 X 2 X 3 X 3 X 3 = 2 2
X 3
3 3 15 3 21 3 27
So, HCF (60, 84, 108) =2 2
x 3 5 5 7 7 3 9
=2X2X3 1 1 3 3,
I
= 12
Hence, required number of participants = 12
(iii) (a) The product of HCF and LCM of 60, 84 and 108
= HCF x LCM
= 12 X 3780 = 45360
OR
,w,r...a.&,UA,1L.u.Um number of rooms required during the event
Sum of all the participants 60+84+108 =21
HCF of participants 12

are of 2 marks.
1t11a•on, find HCF and LCM of96 and 120. [CBSE 2023(30/5/1)]

½
½
I

I : 5 and their LCM is 180. What is the HCF of these numben

=> X = 30
•~ 60 and 90.
 3. Check whether 12n can end with the digit Ofor any natural number n. [CBSE 2020(
3015
ll)J
[CBSE Marking Scheme 2020 (30/5/ 1))
Sol. Prime factors of 12 are 2 x 2 x 3.
.___ _ Since
__ not_
5 is_ _ _so
a factor, _can
_12n __ not_ _with
end __ 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ll

4. Find the smallest pair of 4-digit numbers such that the difference between them is
303
their HCF is 101. Show your steps. [CBSE Practice p atld
aper 2023]
Sol. Let the greater number be x and the smaller number bey.
= 303 (given)
x- y ... (i)
Also their HCF = 101
:. x ·= 101a ... (ii)
and y = 101b ... (iii)
From (i), we get
101a - 101b = 303 lOl(a - b) = 303
303
a-b=--=3 a=3+b
101
x = 101 (3 + b) from (ii) and y = IO lb from (iii)
Also x and y > I 000 as they are four digit numbers.
So, b = 10 (Since smallest number is required)
:. y = ( 101) x 10 ==> y = 1010 and x = 101 (10 + 3) ==> x = 1313
5. Find the largest number which on dividing 1251, 9377 and 15628 leaves remainders 1, 2 and
3 respectively. [NCERT Exemplar, CBSE Sample Paper 2023]
Sol. 1251 - 1 = 1250, 9377 - 2 = 9375, 15628 - 3 = 15625
Required largest number = HCF (1250, 9375, 15625)
1250 =2 X 54
9375 = 3 X 55
15625 = 56
:. HCF (1250, 9375, 15625) = 54 = 625
6. Prove that 2 + /3" is an irrational number, given that is an irrational number. J
[CBSE 2023(30/2/l)

{~ rca.$Jt.M.arking.~Scheme 2023 (30/2/ 1))

Sol. Let us assume that 2 + /3 is a rational.
Let 2 + ,/3 = : ; q ;it, 0 and p, q are integers

,/3 = p~2q
·: p and q are integers. p - 2q is an integer.
2
p - q is a rational number. . u·onal
is an irra
/3 q . d"
is a rational number which contra 1cts
•th the question that
WI
/3
number.
2 + /3 js an irrational number.
 Short Answer Questions
l Each of the following questions are of 3 marks.
l I. The LCM of 64 , 82 and k is 12 4 where k is a positive integer. Find the smallest value of k. Show
your steps. [CBSE Practice Paper 2023]
Sol. The prime factorisatiop. of 124 is (2 x 2 x 3)4 = ((2) 2) 4 x 3 = 2 x 34
4 8

The prime factorisation of 6 4

= (2 4
x 3) and prime factorisation of 82 = (2 x 2 x 2)2 = (2 3)2 = 26
Comparing the prime factorisations of 64 , 82 and 124 and we find that 28 is the smallest possible
value of k.
2. The traffic lights at three different road crossings change after every 48 seconds, 72 seconds
and 108 seconds respectively. If they change simultaneously at 7 am, at what time will they
change together next? [CBSE 2023(30/5/1)]
Sol. Using prime factorisation, we have 48 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 2 x 3 4

72 = 2 X 2 X 2 X 3 X 3 = 23 X 3 2 and 108 = 2 X 2 X 3 X 3 X 3 = 22 X 3 3
:. LCM (48, 72, 108) = 24 x 33 = 432 seconds i.e., 7 minutes 12 seconds
As traffic lights change simultaneously at 7 am, then they will change together again at 7 :7: 12 am.
3. National Art Convention got registrations of students from all parts of the country, of which
60 are interested in music, 84 are interested in dance and I 08 students are interested in
handicrafts. For optimum cultural exchange, organisers wish to keep them in minimum
number of groups such that each group consists of students interested in the same artform
and the number of students in each group is the same. Find the number of students in each
group. Find the number of groups in each art form. How many rooms are required if each
and group will be allotted a room? [CBSE Sample Paper 2024]
t23] Sol. Number of students in each group according to the given condition= HCF (60, 84, 108)
60 = 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 = 22 x 3 x 5 and 84 = 2 x 2 x 3 x 7 = 22 x 3 x 7
108 = 2 X 2 X 3 X 3 X 3 = 22 X 33
HCF (60, 84, 108) = 22 x 3 = 12

Number of groups in music = f = 5;

Number of groups in dance = ~: = 7

08
Number of groups in handicrafts= \ = 9
2
?/1 )] Total number of rooms required= 5 + 7 + 9 = 21
4. Find HCF and LCM of 404 and 96 and verify that HCF X LCM = Product of the two given
numbers. [CBSE 2018(30/l)J
Sol.

1ft

'11I
 .
,I let-t -:: I/, 2 !. )C 'Sy I()\

---1I =:,,_~ lO\

-
-p
JL_ -"E~~l --- -- --

- 11
I
~c .~ or ~Q- itao- -f'-~~ -4'.'f.
: ~C?B 'f
f~
- --

r~M l~ of_ ffC-F f Le,,\ • ~'tG ~

: Jt,s ~ .
-
.
.II - H~ttc.t_. kc.f:_~ L~ • ~~d - of

5. Prove that ( ./2 + .f3f is an irrational number,

give n that /6 is an irrational number,
[CBSE 2024(30/5/l)J
2
Sol. On the cont rary, let ( .fi. + /3) is ratio nal num ber such that

(./2 + /3}2 = : , whe re a and b are co-prime, b f. 0 .

5 + 2/6 = :
/6 = a-5b
(2 + 3 + 2/6 ) = : 2b

Now, a, b, 2 and 5 are integ ers.

;;b
is a ratio nal num ber while it is given that /6 is an
a
irrational number.
radic ts our assumption.
But ratio nal num ber* irrat iona l num ber, whic h cont
Hen ce, ( .fi. + /3}2 is an irrat iona l num ber.

Lon g An sw er Qu est ion s

Eac h ·of the follo wing questions are of 5 marks.
/3" is an irrational number. [CBSE 2019(30/3/1), 2023(30/5/1), 2024(30/5/3)]
I. Prov e that
Sol.
- ., .. Topper's Answer 2019
 '
Cl)-~4
r

which n -1 + n + 1 is rational.
2. Show that ther e is no posi tive inte ger n for
n - I + n + I be a ratio nal num ber.
Sol. Let ther e be a posi tive inte ger n for whic h
and q "" 0 ... (i)
Jn -1 + Jn + 1 = : ; whe re p, q are inte gers
_q
I _.!}_
P ( n- I + n + I) X ( n - n + I) P
n- I + n + I

q _.!}_
n-I -n- I p
(n- 1)- (n+ l)- P

+ q ... (ii)
--------
p Jn+ l-J n-1 =2 :
2
Add ing (i) and (ii), we get

Jn- 1 +Jn + 1 +Jn + 1-J n-l =: + 2:

2 + 2 2
2 + 2 2
+ I = P pq q + I =p 2pq
q

I +2 2
p2
Jn + 1 is ratio nal num ber as pq q is ratio nal.
2
1
Jn + I is perf ect squa re of positive integer. ... (A)

Again subt ract ing (ii) from (i), we get

Jn- 1 + Jn + l - Jn + l + Jn- 1 = : -
2t
2 2 p2 -2q2
= p -pq2q is ratio nal.
2Jn -I Jn - I is ratio nal num ber as 2pq
. .. (B)
Jn - I is also perf ect squa re of posi tive integ er.
From (A) and (B)
er. It cont radi cts the fact that two perf ect
Jn + 1 and Jn - I are perf ect squa res of posi tive integ
squa res diffe r at least by 3.
h -1 + Jn + I is ratio nal.
Hen ce, ther e is no posi tive inte ger n for whic