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Designation: B 196/B 196M – 07

Standard Specification for

Copper-Beryllium Alloy Rod and Bar1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 196/B 196M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope* B 194 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Plate,

1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar
copper-beryllium alloy rod and bar in straight lengths. The B 249/B 249M Specification for General Requirements for
following three alloys are included: Wrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, Shapes and
Copper Alloy Previously Used Nominal Beryllium
Forgings
UNS No. Designations Content, % B 601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copper
and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
C17000 Alloy 165 1.7
C17200 Alloy 25 1.9
B 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
C17300 1.9 E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
+0.4 lead E 8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Mate-
1.2 Unless otherwise required, Copper Alloy UNS No. rials [Metric]
C17200 shall be the alloy furnished whenever Specification
3. General Requirements
B 196/B 196M is specified without any alloy designation.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pounds or SI units are to 3.1 The following sections of Specification B 249/B 249M
be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI constitute a part of this specification:
units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system 3.1.1 Terminology;
may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be 3.1.2 Dimensions and Permissible Variations;
used independently of the other. Combining values from the 3.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance;
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi- 3.1.4 Sampling;
cation. 3.1.5 Number of Tests and Retests;
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.6 Specimen Preparation;
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.1.7 Test Methods;
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.1.8 Significance of Numerical Limits;
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.1.9 Inspection;
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 3.1.10 Rejection and Rehearing;
3.1.11 Certification;
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.12 Mill Test Report;
2.1 The following documents in the current issue of the 3.1.13 Packaging and Package Marking; and
Book of Standards form a part of this specification to the extent 3.1.14 Heat Identification
referenced herein: 3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to that
2.2 ASTM Standards: 2 referenced in 3.1 above appears in this specification, it contains
additional requirements which supplement those appearing in
Specification B 249/B 249M.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod, 4. Terminology
Bar, Wire, Shapes and Forgings.
Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originally 4.1 For terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to
approved in 1945 to replace portions of B 120 – 41 T. Last previous edition Terminology B 846.
approved in 2003 as B 196/B 196M – 03. 4.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.2.1 Heat—A heat shall be the result of castings poured
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on simultaneously from the same source of molten metal.
the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

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 B 196/B 196M – 07
4.2.2 Lot—The lot shall be a heat or fraction thereof. established and analysis required by agreement between the
manufacturer, or supplier, and purchaser.
5. Ordering Information 7.3 Copper is customarily given as remainder, but may be
5.1 Orders for products should include the following infor- taken as the difference between the sum of all elements
mation, as applicable: analyzed and 100 %.
5.1.1 ASTM specification designation and year of issue, 7.4 When all the elements in Table 1 are determined, the
5.1.2 Quantity, sum of results shall be 99.5 % min.
5.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. designation (Section 1),
5.1.4 Form of material (rod or bar and cross section, such as 8. Temper
round, hexagonal, and so forth), 8.1 The standard temper designations available under this
5.1.5 Temper (Section 8), specification and as specified in Practice B 601 are solution
5.1.6 Dimensions (diameter or distance between parallel heat-treated TB00 (A), and cold-drawn hard TD04 (H), (see
surfaces, and length), Table 2) to be precipitation heat treated by the user. Also
5.1.7 How furnished (stock or specific lengths, with or available are products already precipitation heat treated by the
without ends), and manufacturer, tempers TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT). These
5.1.8 When material is ordered for agencies of the U.S. products meet property requirements in Table 3 and normally
government (See Section 11). require no further heat treatment by the user.
5.2 The following options are available and should be
specified in the contract or purchase order when required: 9. Precipitation Heat Treatment
5.2.1 Type of edge (square corners, rounded corners, 9.1 The precipitation heat treatment is performed on TB00
rounded edge, full-rounded edge), (A) and TD04 (H) tempers by the purchaser, after machining or
5.2.2 Mechanical properties (tension test and hardness) forming.
(Section 10), 9.2 Conformance to the TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT) speci-
5.2.3 Certification, and fication limits shown in Table 3, for products supplied in the
5.2.4 Mill Test Report. TB00 (A) or the TD04 (H) tempers, shall be determined by
testing test specimens heat treated at a uniform temperature of
6. Materials and Manufacture
600 to 675°F (316 to 357°C) for the times shown in Table 4.
6.1 Material: 9.3 End products may be heat treated at other times and
6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be Copper Alloy temperatures for specific applications. These special combina-
UNS No. C17000, C17200, or C17300, cast and worked and of tions of properties such as increased ductility, electrical con-
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such purity and soundness as to be suitable for processing into ductivity, dimensional accuracy, endurance life, and resistance
the products prescribed herein. to elastic drift and hysteresis in springs, may be obtained by
6.1.2 Heat traceability shall be maintained and reported on special precipitation-hardening heat treatments. The mechani-
the Mill Test Report or Certification. cal requirements of Table 3 do not apply to such special heat
6.2 Manufacture: treatments. Specific test requirements as needed shall be agreed
6.2.1 The product shall be produced with a combination hot upon between the manufacturer or supplier and purchaser of
working, cold working, and thermal processing to produce a the end product.
uniform wrought structure and the specified temper. 9.4 TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT) tempers as standard mill-
hardened products have been precipitation heat treated and
7. Chemical Composition tested by the manufacturer for conformance to the specification
7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical composition limits shown in Table 3. Further thermal treatments of these
requirements prescribed in Table 1 for Copper Alloy UNS No. tempers are not normally required.
designation specified in the ordering information.
7.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presence 10. Mechanical Property Requirements
of other elements. Limits for unnamed elements may be 10.1 Tensile Test Requirements:
10.1.1 The tension test, in accordance with Test Methods
E 8 or 8M, shall be the standard test for rod (round, hexagonal,
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
and octagonal) and bar (square) having a nominal diameter or
Composition,%
distance between parallel surfaces up to 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] incl,
Element Copper Alloy UNS No. and other shapes having a nominal cross-sectional area up to
C17000 C17200 C17300 0.141 in.2 [100 mm2], incl. The tensile strength requirements
Beryllium 1.60–1.85 1.80–2.00 1.80–2.00 shall be prescribed in Table 2 and Table 3 after precipitation
Nickel + cobalt, min 0.20 0.20 0.20 heat treatment in accordance with 8.1.
Nickel + cobalt 0.6 0.6 0.6
+ iron, max 10.2 Rockwell Hardness Requirements:
Aluminum, max 0.20 0.20 0.20 10.2.1 Hardness shall be the standard test for round, hex-
Silicon, max 0.20 0.20 0.20 agonal, octagonal, and square rod larger than 3⁄8 in. [1 mm]
Lead ... ... 0.20–0.6
Copper remainder remainder remainder nominal diameter or distance between parallel surfaces and
other shapes having a nominal cross-sectional area exceeding

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 B 196/B 196M – 07
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TABLE 2 Solution Heat-Treated and Solution Heat-Treated and Cold-Worked Mechanical Property Requirements
Temper Designation Diameter or Maximum
Distance Between
Tensile Tensile Rockwell Elongation in
Parallel Surfaces
Standard Former Strength, Strength, Yield Strength, min Hardness, 4 3 DA,
in. mm ksi MPa 0.2 % offset, ksi MPa B Scale min, %
TB00 Solution heat treated (A) all sizes all sizes 60–85 410–590 20 140 45–85 20

TD04 Hard (H) up to 3⁄8 , incl. up to 10 90–130 620–900 75 520 88–103 8

over 3⁄8 to 1 incl. over 10 to 25 incl. 90–125 620–860 75 520 88–102 8
over 1 to 3, incl. over 25 to 75 85–120 590–830 75 520 88–101 8
A
4 3 D = 4 3 diameter.

0.141 in.2 [3.6 mm]. The hardness requirements shall be as 15.2 Test specimens shall be taken from the sample pieces
prescribed in Table 2 for solution heat treated or solution heat selected in accordance with 14.1.
treated and cold worked and in Table 4 after prescribed heat 15.2.1 In the case of product shipped in the TB00 or TD04
treatment. The tension test should not be made except when condition, two test specimens shall be taken from each sample
indicated by the purchaser. piece. One is to be tested in the as-sampled condition, and one
10.2.2 Where agreement on Rockwell hardness tests cannot in the precipitation heat-treated condition.
be reached, the tensile strength requirements of Tables 2 and 3
15.2.2 In the case of product shipped in the precipitation
shall be the basis for acceptance or rejection.
heat-treated condition, one specimen from each sample shall be
11. Purchases for U. S. Government tested.
11.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, 15.3 Retests—If any lot of material fails to conform to the
product purchased for an agency of the U. S. government shall requirements of this specification as a result of inaccurate heat
conform to the special government requirements specified in treatment, new samples of material may be resubmitted for test
the Supplementary Requirements section of Specification after proper heat treatment. Only two such reheat treatments
B 249/B 249M. shall be permitted.
12. Dimensions and Permissible Variations 16. Specimen Preparation
12.1 The dimensions and tolerances for material covered by
16.1 Section 10 of Specification B 249/B 249M constitutes
this specification shall be as prescribed in the current edition of
Specification B 249/B 249M: a part of this specification.
12.2 Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Surfaces: 16.2 Test Specimens—Tension test specimens, when re-
12.2.1 Rod, Round, Hexagonal, Octagonal quired, shall be prepared in a full cross-sectional area if
12.2.2 Rod, Hot-Rolled, Round practicable and in the direction of final working unless other-
12.2.3 Rod, As-Extruded wise specified. Full cross section or machined specimens shall
12.2.4 Bar, Rectangular and Square be as specified in Test Methods E 8 or E 8M.
12.2.5 Bar, As-Extruded
NOTE 1—Mechanical property data determined on other than round
12.3 Length cross sections, for sizes under 0.125 in., may be compromised and be
12.4 Straightness inaccurate as a result of the stress riser effect on the corner.
12.5 Edge Contours
17. Test Methods
13. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
13.1 The product shall be free of defects, but blemishes of 17.1 Section 11 of Specification B 249/B 249M constitutes
a nature that do not interfere with the intended application are a part of this specification.
acceptable. 17.2 Chemical Analysis—The Chemical Composition sec-
tion is amended to include in the group of chemical analysis
14. Sampling techniques, Specification B 194 Annex.
14.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with Specification 17.3 Test methods to be followed for the determination of
B 249/B 249M, except that the heat size is defined as 12 000 element(s) resulting from contractural or purchase order agree-
lbs (5455 kg) or fraction thereof. ment shall be agreed upon between the supplier and the
14.2 Sample pieces shall be taken from a heat and lot of purchaser.
material processed simultaneously in the same equipment, as
follows: 18. Keywords
15. Number of Tests and Retests 18.1 beryllium copper bar; beryllium copper rod; copper
15.1 Section 9 of Specification B 249/B 249M constitutes a beryllium bar; copper beryllium rod; UNS Alloy No. C17000;
part of this specification. UNS Alloy No. C17200; UNS Alloy No. C17300

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TABLE 3 Precipitation Heat-Treated Mechanical Property RequirementsA
Temper Designation Copper Alloy UNS No.
Elongation
C17000 C17200 and C17300
Diameter or Maximum Distance

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in 4 3 DB,
Standard Former Between Parallel Surfaces Tensile Tensile Yield Strength, Rockwell Tensile Yield Strength, Rockwell
Strength, Strength min, 0.2 % Hardness, Strength, min, 0.2 % Hardness, C

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in. mm MPa MPa MPa min, %
ksi MPa offset, ksi C Scale ksi offset, ksi Scale
TF00 Solution heat up to 3, incl. up to 76.2 150–190C 1030–1310C 125 860 32–39 165–200C 1140–1380C 145 1000 36–42 4
treated (AT) over 3 over 76.2 150–190C 1030–1310C 125 860 32–39 165–200C 1140–1380C 130 900 36–42 3

TH04 Hard (HT) up to 3⁄8 , incl. up to 1 170–210C 1210–1450C 145 1000 35–41 185–225C 1280–1550C 160 1100 39–45 2
over 3⁄8 to 1, incl. over 1 to 25.4, incl. 170–210C 1170–1450C 145 1000 35–41 180–220C 1240–1520C 155 1070 38–44 2

over 1 to 3, incl. over 25.4 to 76.2, incl. 165–200C 1140–1380C 135 930 34–39 175–215C 1210–1480C 145 1000 37–44 4
A
These values apply to standard qualification heat treatment, see 8.1.
B
4 3 D = 4 3 diameter.
C
The upper limits in the tensile strength column are for design guidance only.

4
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 B 196/B 196M – 07
TABLE 4 Standard Precipitation Heat Treatment Time for Acceptance Tests
Temper Designation Diameter or Distance Between
Parallel Surfaces, in. Time at 600 to 675°F,
Standard Former
in. mm h
TB00 Solution heat treated (A) all sizes all sizes 3
TD04 Hard (H) up to 3⁄4 , incl. up to 19.1, incl. 2
over 3⁄4 over 19.1 3

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee B05 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(B 196/B 196M – 03) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved April 1, 2007.)

(1) Corrected the metric values in Section 10, Table 2, and Section 4, but no change was made to definitions.
Table 3 and changed the chemistry in Table 1 to correspond to (4) Section 18 was a redundant portion of Section 3 and was
the CDA chemistry. removed. The following section was renumbered.
(2) In 4.2.1 the definition for grain count was eliminated as it (5) In Table 2 there was an overlap in the metric equivalent
does not appear in the standard. values 10 to 26 (incl.) and over 25 to 75 mm. This was
(3) Definitions for Heat and Lot in Section 14 were moved to corrected to the proper 10 – 25 incl. and over 25 to 75.

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