In the year 1900, the world was in the midst of a machine revolution.

(1) _____ electrical power

became more ubiquitous, tasks once done by hand were now completed quickly and efficiently by
machine. Sewing machines replaced needle and thread. Tractors replaced hoes. Typewriters
replaced pens. Automobiles replaced horse-drawn carriages.
A hundred years later, in the year 2000, machines were again pushing the boundaries of (2) _____
was possible. Humans could now work in space, thanks to the International Space Station. We were
finding out the composition of life thanks to the DNA sequencer. Computers and the world wide
web changed the way we learn, read, communicate, or start political revolutions.
So what will be the game-changing machines in the year 2100? How will they (3) _____ our lives
better, cleaner, safer, more efficient, and more exciting? We asked over three dozen experts,
scientists, engineers, futurists, and organizations in five different disciplines, including climate
change, military, (4) __________, transportation, and space exploration, about how the machines of
2100 will change humanity. The (5) _____ we got back were thought-provoking, hopeful and at
times, apocalyptic.
1. A. Despite B. However C. Although D. As
2. A. what B. that C. who D. which
3. A. notice B. taste C. make D. hope
4. A. structure B. archaeology C. infrastructure D. excavation
5. A. answers B. programs C. contacts D. service
Read the following passage and circle A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.
Where smart cities were once regarded purely as a vision of the future, they are now becoming a
reality in numerous urban centres across the globe. From Dubai, Singapore, Amsterdam,
Copenhagen, and Madrid to Southampton in the UK, we’re already beginning to see smart cities
provide inhabitants with improved living conditions, easier mobility and cleaner, safer
environments, by using cloud computing to power services. But as with all public sector initiatives,
smart city services need to be delivered as cost effectively as possible to minimise the taxpayer
burden. Often, key decision makers are met with obstacles when it comes to deploying smart
services, preventing smart cities initiatives from reaching their full potential – or worse, blocking
them altogether.
Central to the functioning of most ‘normal’ city ecosystems is the underlying data they run on.
Regardless as to whether that data is stored on local servers or using cloud storage, when that data is
fragmented or incomplete, identifying emerging trends for strategic planning and cost reduction
becomes extremely difficult – and because of this, authorities have to adopt an entirely reactive
approach. Conversely, in a smart city environment, connected sensors forming an Internet of Things
(IoT) provide valuable data for analysis and, in turn, insight into the specific city’s behavioural
trends. With this level of information, services can be optimised to reduce costs and risk, increase
urban flows and manage assets. Importantly, they can also provide real-time connections and
interactions between the city’s businesses, local governments, service providers and citizens.
In this way, operations and services are elevated through the integration and connection of physical
devices via IoT networks, ultimately transforming how a city runs.
1. Which best serves as the title for the passage?
A. A question of data. B. Alignment of minds.
C. Smart city’s supporters. D. The same old route.
2. According to paragraph 1, which statement is correct about the current situation for smart cities?
A. Smart cities promise technological convenience so high service fees are not a problem.
B. Dubai, Amsterdam and Hampton are among the cities advancing the title of “smart”.
C. There still exist many challenges for the institution and development of smart cities.
D. The already successful smart city in the world were the works of policy-makers.
3. The word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to _______.
A. environments B. ecosystems C. services D. initiatives
4. According to paragraph 2, what is the matter that the author want to emphasise?
A. Human’s urge to share information. B. The importance of data network.
C. The possibilities of tech disasters. D. The caliber of artificial intelligence.
5. The word “elevated” in paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.
A. demoted B. controlled C. dignified D. upgraded
During the past half-century, our species has embarked on a remarkable social experiment. For the
first time in human history, great numbers of people – at all ages, in all places, of every political
persuasion – have begun settling down as singletons. Until the second half of the last century, most
of us married young and parted only at death. If death came early, we remarried quickly; if late, we
moved in with family, or they with us. Now we marry later. We divorce, and stay single for years or
decades.
The rise of living alone has produced significant social benefits, too. Young and middle-aged solos
have helped to revitalise cities, because they are more likely to spend money, socialise and
participate in public life. Contemporary solo dwellers in the US are primarily women: about 18
million, compared with 14 million men. The majority, more than 16 million, are middle-aged adults
between the ages of 35 and 64. The elderly account for about 11 million of the total. Young adults
between 18 and 34 number increased more than 5 million, compared with 500,000 in 1950, making
them the fastest-growing segment of the solo-dwelling population.
Despite fears that living alone may be environmentally unsustainable, solos tend to live in
apartments rather than in big houses, and in relatively green cities rather than in car-dependent
suburbs. There’s good reason to believe that people who live alone in cities consume less energy
than if they coupled up and decamped to pursue a single-family home.
1. The best title for this passage could be ___________.
A. the rise in solo living B. figures about solo dwellers in the US
C. the increase in divorce D. solos have tendency to live in small houses
2. Which statement is probably TRUE according to the information in paragraph 1?
A. From the beginning of the last century, people married at young age and only death separated
them.
B. Until the second half of the last century, a large number of people married young and parted only
at death.
C. From the beginning of last century, people have begun settling down as singletons.
D. Until the second half of the last century, people divorce, and stay single for years or decades
3. The word “them” in paragraph 2 refers to_______________?
A. singletons B. the elderly C. predecessors D. young adults
4. In the 2rd paragraph, the writer suggests that __________.
A. The elderly take up for a large number of the total solo dwellers
B. In the US, more male choose to live alone than female
C. Solos dwellers have helped to renew cities as they seem to spend money, socialize and take part
in public life
D. There are fewer middle-aged solos than the elderly who live alone
5. The word “decamped” in paragraph 3 means _______________.
A. coupled up B. quitted C. lived separately D. lived together
NEW CAPITAL
When the new state of Pakistan was founded in 1947, Karachi acted as the capital city. However, it
was difficult for Karachi to remain in this role due to a number of drawbacks such as the climate and
the state of the existing buildings. Rather than try to overcome these drawbacks, the government
decided to create a new capital city. In 1959, a commission was established to investigate the
possible locations of this new city. The advisor appointed to the commission was Dr Doxiadis, a
famous architect and city planner.
Dr. Doxiadis and his colleagues looked at the various locations. They then produced a report
suggesting two possible areas: one just outside Karachi and the other to the north of Rawalpindi.
Both locations had advantages as well as disadvantages. Which site was it to be?
The choice between these two options was made after consideration of many factors, such as
transportation, the availabilities of water, economic factors, and factors of national interest. Finally,
the site north of Rawalpindi was chosen and on the 24th February 1960, the new capital was given
the name of ‘Islamabad’ and a master plan was drawn up. This master plan divided the area into
three different sections: Islamabad itself, neighbouring Rawalpindi, and the national park.
Each of these three sections had a different role. Islamabad would act as the national's capital and
would serve its administrative and cultural needs, whereas Rawalpindi would remain the regional
centre with industry and commerce. The third piece of the plan, the national park, was planned to
provide space for education, recreation, and agriculture. Today Islamabad is a thriving city of about
1 million people. It offers a healthy a pollution-free atmosphere, plenty of water, and many green
spaces. Guide tree-lined streets, elegant public buildings, and well-organised bazaars and shopping
centres. The new capital is a superb example of good urban planning
1. Why was a commission founded in 1959?
A. to overcome the drawbacks of Karachi as a capital city
B. to create a new capital city for Pakistan
C. to look into possibilities of the locations for a new capital city
D. to appoint an advisor for planning the new capital city
2. How many places were suggested for the new capital city in the initial reports?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
3. Which of the following factors was NOT considered when choosing the location for the new
capital city?
A. the climate and the state of the existing buildings
C. economic issues
B. transportation and the availabilities of water
D. issues of pational interest
4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Islamabad would serve cultural needs.
B. Rawalpindi would be the regional centre with industry and commerce.
C. The national park would provide space for agriculture.
D. Islamabad would play the most important role of all.
5. What does the passage primarily describe?
A. The history of the two capital cities of Pakistan.
B. The disappearance of the old capital city of Pakistan.
C. The reasons why Islamabad became the new capital city of Pakistan.
D. The choice and development of Islamabad as the modern capital of Pakistan

1. “Why don’t we go to the cinema?”

He suggested _____________________________________________________________
2. It takes Thanh 3 hours a day to do her homework
Thanh spends _____________________________________________________________
3. I would like to do the laundry every day
I am interested _____________________________________________________________
4. It is necessary to check your health every six months
Checking _____________________________________________________________
5. Hoa managed to lose weights to keep in shape
Hoa succeeded _____________________________________________________________
6. He would rather eat vegetables and fruits than eat meat
He prefers _____________________________________________________________
7. My sister expects to meet me next summer in Hanoi
My sister looks forward ___________________________________________________________
8. We want to play football with our close friends at weekends.
We feel like __________________________________________________________________
9. Shall we go for a walk?
What about _____________________________________________________________
10.It is really quite easy to learn English.
Learning _____________________________________________________________
1. I suggested going to the cinema 2. Thanh spends 3 hours a day doing her homework 3. I am
interested in doing the laundry every day 4. Checking your health every six months is necessary 5.
Hoa succeeded in losing weights to keep in shape 6. He prefers eating vegetables and fruits to eating
meat 7. My sister looks forward to meeting me next summer in Hanoi. 8. We feel like playing
football with our close friends at weekends 9. What about going for a walk? 10. Learning English is
really quite easy