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    Introducing Arabic Letters - Alif

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    SharjinaAhmedSraboni

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    Introducing Arabic Letters - Alif

    Uploaded by

    SharjinaAhmedSraboni
    4 views13 pages

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    4 views13 pages

    Introducing Arabic Letters - Alif

    Uploaded by

    SharjinaAhmedSraboni

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Introducing

    Arabic Letters
    Alif - ‫ا‬
    The first letter in the arabic
    alphabet
    The Letter Alif - At a Glance
    Name : Alif ( ‫) اﻟف‬
    Basic Appearance : Alif looks like a vertical line. It is drawn from the top down.
    How Alif is written in a word di ers according to it’s position in the word. Alif is
    only connectable to the letter before (the letter to the right) -َ‫ﻗَﺎل‬

    Alif in isolated form - ‫ا‬


    Alif at the beginning of a word - As in other languages – as a vowel, it doesn’t
    come at the beginning of the word, it only comes in the medial or final
    positions.
    Alif in the middle of a word - ‫ﺣﺻﺎن‬
    Alif at the end of a word - ‫دﻧﯾﺎ‬
    Makhraj of Alif

    Al - Jawf
    ‫اﻟﺟوف‬

    Al- Jawf literally means hollow,


    cavity or emptiness.

    The technical meaning is the empty


    space in the mouth and the throat.

    ‫اﻟﺟوف‬
    Makhraj of Alif

    Letter Alif comes from a general


    (non specific) Makhraj – there is no
    specific point from which it is
    pronounced.

    The Alif is always preceded by a


    fathah ( َ ), which is called
    Alif Maddiyyah. For example -, ‫ﻗَﺎ َل‬
    َ‫ﻛَﺎن‬
    ‫اﻷﻟف اﻟﻣدﯾﺔ‬
    Alif Maddiyyah - Position of the Tongue
    The opening of the mouth with
    respect to the ‫ أﻟف‬with the
    tongue completely relaxed.

    When we recite the letter of


    Madd the mouth
    remains open, the sound
    continues and then
    fades without anything
    obstructing it: not from
    the lips, not from the tongue,
    and not even from
    the vocal chords themselves.
    Characteristics /Sifaats of Alif

    ★ Jahr -‫ﺟﮭر‬
    ★ Rikhwah - ‫رﺧوة‬
    ★ Istifaal - ‫إﺳﺗﻔﺎل‬
    ★ Infitaah - ‫إﻧﻔﺗﺎح‬
    ★ Ismaat - ‫إﺻﻣﺎت‬
    Characteristics /Sifaats of Alif
    Jahr -‫ﺟﮭر‬ Rikhwah - ‫رﺧوة‬

    Literally means to be Literally means softness


    apparent.
    Technically means the
    Technically means the continuation of the sound
    discontinuation of the while pronouncing the
    breath when pronouncing letter causing weakness in
    the letter due to strength in its reliance on its makhraj.
    its origin, causing it to rely
    greatly on its makhraj.
    Characteristics /Sifaats of Alif
    Istifaal - ‫إﺳﺗﻔﺎل‬ Infitaah - ‫إﻧﻔﺗﺎح‬

    • Literally means • Literally means


    lowering or dropping separation

    • Technically means • Technically means


    keeping the tongue keeping the tongue
    lowered from the roof of separated from the roof of
    the mouth while the mouth while
    pronouncing a letter. pronouncing a letter.
    Confusion !
    Letter Alif ( ‫ ) ا‬is sometimes confused with the
    letter Hamzah ( ُ ‫ أ‬/ ِ‫ إ‬/ َ‫ أ‬/ ‫)ء‬

    When Alif comes after a letter it causes the long


    "aa" sound. This is called a plain Alif because it
    carries no symbols.

    Alif can also carry a hamza (with harakah and


    then it becomes hamzah). Remember, the long
    "aa" sound is only made with a plain alif. If you
    see an alif with anything on it, it will NOT make
    the "aa" sound. For example - ‫ ﺑَدَ ا‬، َ‫ﺑَدَ أ‬
    Arabic Letters - Written and Spoken
    Common Errors in Pronouncing
    Alif Maddiyyah

    ➢ Pronouncing Alif like ➢ Pronouncing Alif like ➢ Extending the sound of


    Hamza « ‫» ﯾﻐﺷﺎھﺎ‬ Ha « ‫» زﻟزاﻟﮭﺎ‬ Alif
    « ‫» ﺑﻧﺎھﺎ‬ « ‫» ﻣﺎﻟﮭﺎ‬ « ‫ ﺿﺣﺎھﺎ‬, ‫ ﺳواھﺎ‬,‫» ﺑﻧﺎھﺎ‬

    ➢ Making the Alif ➢ Making the Alif ➢ Imaalah / Taqleel


    ta kheem (heavy) when tarqeeq (light) when ‫ طﺣﮭﺎ‬، ‫زﻟزاﻟﮭﺎ‬
    there is no ta kheem there is no tarqeeq (light)
    (heavy) letter before it - letter before it -
    ‫ ﺗﺑﺎرك‬،‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ ﺻﺎﻟﺣﯾن‬،‫ﻗﺎل‬
    Common Errors in Pronouncing
    Alif Maddiyyah

    Not opening the mouth Pronouncing Alif like Pronouncing Alif like
    properly - ‫ﻣوﺳﻰ‬ Yaa - ‫ﻣﺎﻟك‬ Waw - ‫ﻓطﺎل‬

    Doing Gunnah -
    ‫اﻟرﺣﻣﺎن‬

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